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  • Articles  (76)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pathogenicity of Aspergillus nidulans (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 103-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237132
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arthur Trautwein Henrici (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 120-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237133
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Segnalazione e descrizione di lieviti nelle „acque di vegetazione” delle olive (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 249-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237149
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ricerche sul decorso delle infezioni sperimentali da Dermtatofiti in rapporte a un eventuale stato di iperrecettivita' provocata (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 162-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'A. a fait une serie de recherches experimentales sur le cobaye, consistent dans des inoculations de Tric. Gyps. Ast., Ach. Quinq., Micr. Lan., répétées pendant plusieurs jours, par la voie épidermique, dan des réinoculations homologiques et croisées répétées et des inoculations dans des animaux traités précedentement avec des injections de tricophytine. L'A a constaté che la répétition des inoculations cause des alterations cutanées d'une nature fortement inflammatoire. Dans les réinoculations homologues et croisées, les lésions surgies au lieu d'aboutir à une rapide résolution, se fixent et durent longuement. Le traitement préventif avec de la tricophitine dans des animaux qui seront inoculés une seule fois, influence clairement l'aspect de la naissante mycose, qui sera plus faible ou plus forte, selon la quantitè des fongus injecté. Aprés ces acquisitions l'A. se référant aux lesions humaines d'une nature inflammatoire, exprime l'hypothèse qu'elles soient en rapport avec des inoculations multiples et que les formes atones, avec le même fongus, soient en rapport avec une unique inoculation.
    Abstract: Summary The A. has attendet to a series of experimental researches on the guinea pig, consisting of inoculations of Tric. Gyps. Ast., Ach. Quinq., Micr. Lan., repeated during many days, by epidermidal way, of reinoculations repeated homologous and crossed and of inoculations is animals preventively treated with trichophitin injections. The A. has ascertained that repetition of the inoculations brings about alterations of a nature intensely inflammatory, instead of bringing about the progressive decrease of the lesions. In the homologous and crossed reinoculations, the originated lesions, instead of showing a tendency to a rapid resolution, settle down and last long. The preventive to a rapid resolution, settle down and last long. The preventive treatment with trichophitin in animals that will aftewards be inoculated only once, affect clearly the aspect of the rising mycosis that will be weaker or stronger, according to the quantity of the injected trichophitin. Alter these acquisitions, the A. referring to the human lesions of an inflammatory nature, expresses the hipothesis that they may be connected with multiple inoculations and that the torpid forms, with he same quantity of fungus, may be connected with one single inoculation.
    Notes: Riassunto L'A. ha eseguito una serie di ricerche sperimentali sulla cavia consistenti in inoculazioni ripetute per molti giorni per via epicutanea di Tric. Gyps. Ast., Ach. Quinq., Micr. Lan., in reinoculazioni omologhe e crociate ripetute, inoculazioni in animali pretrattati con iniezioni di tricofitina. L'A ha constatato che 1 ripetere le inoeulazioni porta al costituirsi di alterazioni cutanee a carattere intensamente infiammatorio anziehè portare ad un'attenuarsi progressivo delle lesioni. Nelle reinoculazioni omologhe e crociate le lesioni insorte invece di tendere ad una rapida risoluzione si stabiliscono e durano a lungo. Il pretrattamento con tricofitina in animali, che poi ricevono un'unica inoculazione, influenza nettamente l'aspetto della micosi che insorge; ciò avviene in aumento o in diminuzione a seconda della quantità di antigene iniettato. Riportandosi dopo queste acquisizioni alle lesioni umane del tipo infiammatorio l'A. prospetta l'ipotesi ehe esse siano legate ad inoculazioni multiple e le forme torpide, a parità di micete, ad un'unica inoculazione.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237138
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bibliographia mycopathologica 1942–1944 (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 190-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237141
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the newer trend of classification of dermatophytes (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 201-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237142
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pompholyx (Epidermophytosis, Dermatophytosis, Ringworm of the feet, infectious eczematoid dermatitis or ringworm, dyshidrosis) (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 240-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary „Pompholyx” as the oldest term for this disease in medical terminology, connoting a recurrent vesicular eruption on palms and soles, is recommended for general use in replacing a number of prejudicial terms connecting this condition either with a hypothetical and long reputed dysfunction of the sweat glands: dyshidrosis or with the causative role of fungi: epidermophytosis. Publications of statistical investigations pertaining to the subject are reviewed. They show the amazing low percentage of pathogenic fungi which could be recovered in this condition. Among clinically active cases, the lesions were microscopically negative in the ratio of 10% to 37%. Clinically active and microscopically fungus-positive cases yielded from 80% to 95 % negative cultural results. The present study of 983 cases showed 1.9% clinically active lesions on the feet. Microscopically and culturally all these cases were negative for any kind of pathogenic fungi. During the camping period in mid-summer 1940, from June to late August, no prophylactic measures were taken to kill the fungi or to prevent their dissemination in locker rooms, on runways or shower rooms. Despite this attitude there was no spread of fungi, no dissemination of infecting agents and no outburst of an epidemic of „epidermophytosis”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446029
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L'allergia e l'immunità nelle micosi (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 310-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446033
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L'impostazione dello studio di alcuni funghi parassiti e patogeni dell'uomo (A proposito di una pubblicazione su Histoplasma) (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 338-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A recent paper on Histoplasma affinities with the Genera Sepedonium and others is briefly examined. The outstanding objections is the unilateral point of view in systematic study of highly parasitic, pathogenic Fungi, as observed only during the saprophytic stage (in culture media). The sterility of this method of study is clearly demonstrated, e.g., by comparative observations of the morphology of Coccidioides „in vitro” and „in vivo”.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine kurze Prüfung einer neuerschienenen Veröffentlichung über Histoplasma, welche trotz der schönen Beobachtungen, keine weiteren Vorschritt den vorgangenen Kenntnissen liefert, gibt die Veranlassung zu bemerken, dass die für den Menschen hoch spezialisierten Pilze, welche „in vivo”" ihre grössten Tätigkeiten besitzen, müssen auch auf die lebenden Geweben empfänglicher Tiere untersucht werden, sonst wird die Beobachtung bei der kulturellen saprophytischen Phase den systematisch weniger bedeutenden Formen begrenzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446034
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Immunitätsproblem bei den Mykosen des Menschen (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 280-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446032
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cystidiella valdensis, nuovo genere e nuova specie di blastomiceti anascosporei (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 255-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine neue Gattung von anaskosporogenen Sprosspilze beschrieben, der die Name Cystidiella in Bezug auf den kystidienförmigen Arthrosporen, die das hauptsächlichen Kennzeichen darstellen, gegeben wird. Der Verfasser haltet dass im Stamm der anaskosporogenen Sprosspilze die neue Gattung scinen Platz in der Tribus (oder Unterfamilie) Trichosporeae der Familie Torulopsidaceae, neben der Gattung Trichosporon, mit der sie viele Berührungspunkte besitzt, finde. Die neue Art, worüber diese neue Gattung begrundet ist, wurde aus dem Boden eines Roggenfeldes in der Waldenseren Thälern der Piemonte (Italien) isoliert und Cysdidiella valdensis benannt. Man gibt eine ausführliche Beschreibung (mit lateinischen Diagnosen) der neuen Gattung und Art.
    Notes: Riassunto È descritto un nuovo genere di blastomiceti anascosporei al quale viene dato il nome di Cystidiella in riferimento agli articoli a forma di cistidio che ne sono la principale caratteristica. Si ritiene che questo nuovo genere, nel quadro sistematico dei blastomiceti anascosporei, trovi il suo posto nella tribù, o sottofamiglia, delle Trichosporeae, della famiglia delle Torulopsidaceae, accanto al gen. Trichosporon, col quale ha dei punti di contatto. La specie in base alla quale è descritto questo nuovo genere è stata isolata dal terreno di un campo di segale in montagna, nelle Valli Valdesi del Piemonte (Italia) e ad essa è stato dato il nome di Cystidiella valdensis. Del genere e della specie nuova è data un'accurata descrizione corredata dalle relative diagnosi latine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446030
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    La Mycocandida pseudotropicalis (Cast.) Cif. et Red (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 262-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Autor hat einen Stamm der Mycocandida pseudotropicalis aus einem Fall reiner und primitiver Bronchopneumomykose bei einer jungen Frau isoliert. Es werden nun die kultivatorischen, morphologischen und biochemischen Charakteristica des Stammes erläutert und es wird über die immunologischen, klinischen und anatomisch-pathologisch experimentellen Forschungen berichtet. Ein besonderes Augenmerk ist auf das Studium der Assimilationen, vor allem der Carbohydrate (Glykogen, Stärke, Glykose) gerichtet. Nach einer Erläuterung der Artgeschichte diskutiert der Autor über die Gültigkeit der Nomenklatur und über die systematische Stellung zwischen den Klassifikationen der anascosporogenen Hefen.
    Notes: Riassunto L'A. ha isolato un ceppo di Mycocandida pseudotropicalis da un caso di broncopneumomicosi pura e primitiva in una giovane donna. Vengono illustrate le caratteristiche colturali, morfologiche e biochimiche del ceppo e sono riferite le ricerche immunologiche, cliniche e sperimentali anatomo-patologiche. Una indagine particolare è rivolta allo studio delle assimilazioni, in special modo dei carboidrati (glicogene, amido, glucosio). Dopo aver illustrato la storia della specie, l'A. ne discute la validità nomenclatoriale, la posizione sistematica in seno alle classificazioni dei lieviti anascosporei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446031
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Candida in sputum of patients with tuberculosis (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 349-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sumario-Candida en esputo de tuberculosos 1. Especies de Candida fueron descubiertas en 99 de 500 muestras (20%) de esputos de pacientes en un sanatario para tuberculosos. 2. Sesenta y siete cultivos de los 99 fueron seleccionados al azar, y fueron estudiados más detenidamente. Cincuenta y siete de los 67 resultaronCandida albicans. En consecuencia, la incidencia de esta especie en esputos de tuberculosos se estimó en 17%. 3. No se hallaron evidencias de queCandida apareciese con más frecuencia en los esputos de pacientes con el mal muy avanzado que en los de pacientes con el mal menos avanzado. 4. No se halló correlación alguna entre la incidencia deCandida en esputos y el grado de progreso de las cavidades en los pulmones. 5. Se descubrió cierta evidencia, pero no bastante definitiva, de queCandida ocurrió con más frecuencia en los esputos de los pacientes que acababan de entrar en el sanatorio que en los esputos de los que ya habían estado en elpor algun tiempo. 6. Se Hallo evidencia definitiva de que la incidencia deCandida en esputos de tuber culosos no siguió una distribución al azar. Por el contrario, los organismos tendieron a persistir en algunas personas y a estar ausentes consistentemente en otras.
    Notes: Summary 1. Species ofCandida were isolated from 99 of 500 samples (20%) of sputum of patients in a tuberculosis sanatorium. 2. Sixty-seven cultures of the above 99 were selected for further study. Fifty-seven strains proved to beCandida albicans. Thus the incidence ofC. albicans in tuberculosis sputa was estimated to be 17%. 3. There was no evidence thatCandida is more prevalent in sputa of advanced cases of tuberculosis than in those of less advanced cases. 4. There was no evidence that the amount of cavitation has any bearing on the likelihood of the presence ofCandida. 5. Some evidence, but not sufficient to be conclusive, indicated thatCandida is more likely to occur in the sputa of new admissions to a tuberculosis hospital, than in those of patients that have been hospitalized for some time. 6. There is definite evidence that the incidence ofCandida in tuberculosis sputa does not follow a chance distribution. On the contrary, this species tends to be found the following months after it has once been found, and to be absent the following months, after it has disappeared.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237161
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estudio de algunas propiedades biológicas de varias cepas de Coccidioides immitis Stiles, 1896 (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 375-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The assimilation of sugars and nitrogenous compound by the speciesCoccidioides immitis has been studied and also some others biological propierties: proteolytic and amilolytic activity. Three strains namedCoccidioides immitis (one of then isolated in Bolivia by Dr. Veintemillas) and the strain namedTrichosporon proteolyticum were studied. The four cultures showed the same properties. Urea, asparagine and peptone are well utilized, ammonium sulphate is also utilized but potassium nitrate is not assimilated. Glucose is utilized but maltose, sucrose, galactose and lactose are not assimilated. All the strains showed proteolytic activity on the milk and gelatine but the proteolysis of the cogulated serum was not evident.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237164
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L'allergia e l'immunità nelle micosi (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 1-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237126
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are fermentation tests and biochemical characteristics reliable in the differentiation of monilias? (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 346-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446037
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    A proposito del riferimento di Emericella variecolor Berk, et Br. ad Aspergillus effettuato da Thom e Raper (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 340-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Man kritisiert die Kombination des Aspergillus variecolor, die von Thom und Raper durch Emericella variecolor auf Basis der Identität der konidischen Form (Aspergillus) geschaffen wurde, ohne jegliche Berücksichtigung der bemerkenswerten Verschiedenheit der Morphologie zwischen den Askosporen des E. variecolor und denen des Aspergillus nidulans (in die letzte Gruppe wollen Thom und Raper den E. variecolor einreihen).
    Abstract: Sumario La combinaoión Aspergillus variecolor, creada por Thom y Raper por Emericella variecolor en base a la identidad de la forma conidica (Aspergillus), sin tener en cuenta la notable diferencia entre la morfologia de las ascosporas de E. variecolor frente aquellas de Aspergillus nidulans (en el cual grupo los cienciados americanos quieren situar E. variecolor) está considerata como criticable.
    Notes: Riassunto Si critica la combinazione Aspergillus variecolor creata da Thom e Raper per l'Emericella variecolor sulla base dell'identità della forma conidica (Aspergillus), senza tenere in nessun conto la notevole diversità di morfologia delle ascospore di E. variecolor rispetto a quelle di Aspergillus nidulans, nel quale gruppo Thom e Raper vorrebbero porre E. variecolor.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446035
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bibliographia mycopathologica II (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 354-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446038
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
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    Potere patogeno dei dermatomiceti sull'occhio (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 172-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In order to give a right interpretation to supposed isolated lesions of the conjunctiva and of the ocular globe caused by dermatophytes and to those that more frequently appear in the course of deep dermatophytosis (kerion), the AA. executed a series of researches on normal rabbit and on rabbit infected with experimental dermatomycose at the sixth and twentyfifth day after infection, that is in different moments of allergic state, the development of which, in the rabbit, as been exactly observed and established by them with preliminary experiences. They examined in this manner the reaction of conjunctiva, cornea, anterior chamber and vitreous after inoculations, with various technic modalities, of suspensions of Trichophyton gypseum asteroides and Microsporon lanosum. The AA. have not recognized a true pathogenic power of these dermatophytes against the conjunctiva and other parts of ocular globe (excluded crystalline) and they doubt that the described isolated manifestations are caused by a direct establishing of fungi. Corroborated by results obtained with inoculation of fungous material into the conjunctiva of rabbits which had a developed sensitivity, the AA. interpret every conjunctivitis that sometimes appears in the course of deep dermatophytosis like a reaction of this tissue that is in allergic state for the preexistent cutaneous localisation of fungus, reaction caused by arrival of hyphomices or their toxins, or through the way of blood circulation or sometimes, as in particular case of conjunctiva, through externe way. An oftalmic reaction in the animal and in the man that have a developed sensitivity, has not been observed by AA. by means of instillation of concentrated trichophytin; it instead appears clearly and constantly in both of them when introduction is made through subconjunctival way.
    Notes: Autoriassunto Allo scopo di dare una giusta interpretazione alle supposte lesioni isolate della congiuntiva e del bulbo oculare da dermatomiceti ed a quelle che più frequentemente si vedono insorgere nel corso di micosi profonda cutanea (kerion), gli AA. hanno condotto una serie di ricerche nel coniglio sano ed in quello portatore di dermatomicosi sperimentale, al 6° ed al 25° giorno dall'innesto cutaneo e cioè in momenti differenti di stato allergico il cui sviluppo, nel coniglio, è stato da essi esattamente osservato e definite con esperienze preliminari. E' stato così esaminato il comportamento della congiuntiva, cornea, camera anteriore e vitreo in seguito all'introduzione, con varie modalità tecniche, di sospensioni di Trichophyton gypseum asteroides e di Microsporon lanosum. Gli AA., non riconosciuto un vero potere patogeno di questi dermatomiceti per la congiuntiva e per le altre parti del bulbo (cristallino escluso), mettono in dubbio che le descritte manifestazioni isolate siano provocate da un diretto impianto dei funghi. Confortati dai risultati ottenuti con l'inoculazione di materiale ifomicetico nella congiuntiva di animali in stato allergico, gli AA. interpretano tutte le congiuntiviti che compaiono talvolta nel corso di dermatomicosi profonde come una reazione di questo tessuto allergizzato dalla preesistente localizzazione cutanea del micete, reazione provocata dall'apporto di elementi ifomicetici figurati o di loro tossine, o per via ematica oppure talvolta, come nel caso particolare della congiuntiva, per via esterna. Una oftalmoreazione nell'animale e nell'uomo in stato allergico non è stata riscontrata dagli AA. mediante l'instillazione di tricofitina concentrata; essa si verifica invece in modo netto e costante sia nel primo che nel secondo quando l'introduzione avviene per via sottocongiuntivale.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237139
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  • 20
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    Biological significance of the pseudomycelium in asporogenous yeasts (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'auteur ayant analizé par rechèrches quantitatives le phénomène de la filamentisation dans un champignon levuriforme conclue que la filamentisation a le but de faciliter l'absorption des matérieux nutritifs lorsque ces-ci sont bien dilués dans le milieu de culture. L'inibition réciproque entre le pseudomycelia des colonies de levure parallèles n'est pas déterminé par une substance emp/'echante qui se trasmet dans le milieu de culture, mais seulement par un empauvrissement des matérieux nutritifs.
    Abstract: Riassunto I'A., avendo analizzato con esperienze quantitative, il fenomeno della filamentizzazione in un lievito asporigeno conclude che la comparsa del filamento ha lo scopo di facilitare l'assorbimento dei materiali nutritivi quando questi sono troppo scarsi nel mezzo di cultura. L'inibizione reciproca dei filamenti di colonie di lievito parallele non è dovuta ad una sostanza inibitrice diffusa nel mezzo di cultura ma semplicemente ad un impoverimento del mezzo culturale stesso.
    Notes: Summary By means of a quantitative investigation of mycelium formation in an asporogenous yeast the author reached the conclusion that pseudomycelium-production facilitates the absorption of nutrients when these are highly diluted in the culture medium. The reciprocical inhibition of mycelia by parallel growing colonies does not depend upon an inhibitory substance diffusing into the medium, but on the exhaustion of the culture medium.
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    Antibiotic substances and control of gramnegative microorganisms: Activity of Penicillium chloroleucon (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 215-218 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Gli AA. hanno studiato 100 muffe isolate dalla natura per la produzione di principi antibiotici contro i germi gramnegative. Ne hanno trovate attive 4. E' stato studiato in modo particolare tra questa un ceppo diPen. chloroleucon che si è dimostrato attivo suV. cholerae, S. typhi, S. paratyphi A, Dis. Shiga.
    Notes: Summary Authors investigated 100 moulds occurring in nature for the production of antibiotic substances against gram-negative microorganisms. Four of the 100 investigated strains were found to be active. Of these one strains of Penicillum chloroleucon which is active againstV. cholerae, S. typhi, S. paratyphi A, and Dis. Shiga, was analysed with special care.
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    Attivita antibiotica di alcuni dermatofiti (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 219-221 
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    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Under our environmental conditions and with Vincent's technic, againstS. aureus, the antibiotic activity appears to be diffused amongs Dermatophytae (at least 10, and may be 12 spp., on 12 spp. tested). It is revealed only and (or) better on pepto-glucosed liquid medium with autolized yeast and Hoaghland's „A–Z” modified solution than on nitrate-glucosed Czapek-Dox liquid medium. The activity is variable according the age of culture, as a rule increasing from 10 to 30 days.
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    Chiavi analitiche dei lieviti segnalati nelle uve, nei mosti e nei vini (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 243-248 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sumario Con el fin de una primera referencia, exponese una clave analitica, sumaria y preliminar, de todas las levaduras contenidas en las uvas, en los mostos y en los vinos.
    Abstract: Summary With the purpose of a first reference, an analytical, concise and preliminar key of all the yeasts found on grape's, musts and wines, has been sketched.
    Notes: Riassunto A scopo di primo riferimento, si dà una chiave analitica sommaria e preliminare di tutti i lieviti rinvenuti presenti nelle uve, nei mosti e nei vini.
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    Estudio de las propiedades biológicas de varias cepas de hongos patógenos causantes de la Cromomicosis, y de especies vecinas saprofitas y patógenas (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 379-383 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The assimilation of sugars and nitrogenous compounds by the methods utilized by Mackinnon and collaborators at the “Instituto de Higiene” of Montevideo allow us to appreciate that the agents of chromomycosis are so closely related as to justify the opinion of Thom and Langeron; that is to say, that they may be joined together in only one genus. The number of species is a problem more difficult but our results are not against a unicist criterion. Phialophora compactum has the same biological properties asP. verrucosa andP. Pedrosoi. On the other handPhialophora Jeanselmei, an agent of black maduromycosis has different biological properties as the agents of chromomycosis. Common saprophytic strains of the genusHormodendrum, well known contaminants of our cultures, may be easily distinguished from the agents of chromomycosis which may produce an hormodendrum-like type of growth.
    Notes: Resumen Se estudian desde el pun to de vista biológico 11 cepas de hongos, tanto saprofitos como patógenos, vinculados a la etiología de la cromomicosis, se forman tres grupos distintos según sus propiedades biológicas. 1∘ Hongos de la cromomicosis, cepas N∘ 536-556-1001-211-212. 2∘ Hongos de la maduromicosis a gránulos negros, cepas N∘ 283-1072-1073. 3∘ Hongos saprofitos, cepas N∘ 576-558. Se hace notar la muy estrecha vinculación biólogica, entre las cepas aisladas de casos de cromomicosis estudiadas, y las diferencias existentes con las otras. He de terminar expresando mi agradecimiento al Profesor Dr. Mackin-non, por sus valiosas indicaciones y colaboración.
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    The dependence on the weather of the incidency of sporotrichosis (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 367-374 
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    Notes: Conclusions 1. From 32 cases of sporotrichosis observed in Uruguay between 1929 and 1948, 26 cases contracted the disease during April, May, June and July (Autumn and first half of the Winter) and only six cases during the other 2/3 of the year. 2. Nine patients contracted the infection during 17 days of 1944 (May 21–June 7) and no any other case was contaminated out of this period of 1944. 3. From six cases observed in 1947, five patients contracted the disease during the first week of April. 4. Weather conditions during the named periods of 1944 and 1947 were: A) High values of the relative humidity (almost to saturation during the period of 1944 and 80% during the period of 1947. B) Temperature between 16 and 20° C (mean values) during the last third of May 1944. Temperature between 17 and 19° C during the first week of April 1947. C) Repeated rainfalls were registered during both periods. 5. It is our opinion that weather conditions have a great influence on the incidency of sporotrichosis. The infection is contracted more frequently during April, May, June and July because during these months of the year the weather conditions necessary for the growth ofSporo-trichum Schenckii are more frequently obeyed in Uruguay. 6. Our own observations on the surface in Uruguay, are compared with those of the South-African investigators underground, in the gold mines of the Witwatersrand. The same factors are the causes: high values of the relative humidity (98 to 100%), a suitable temperature, and moist surfaces. 7. The geographical distribution or the geographical incidency of the spo-rotrichosis seem to obey to the climatological conditions.
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    Der Einfluss von wasserlöslichen Vitaminen auf die durch Steroide und cancerogene Kohlenwasserstoffe in Gewebekulturen bewirkte Teilungsstörung (1943)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 445-469 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Der Einfluß gewisser wasserlöslicher Vitamine auf die früher beschriebene für Steroide und cancerogene Stoffe bezeichnende Teilungsstörung wird untersucht. Verglichen werden nach dem hier üblichen Verfahren gezüchtete Kulturen mit solchen, welchen beim Umpflanzen Vitamine zugesetzt wurden. Als schädigende Substanzen werden benutzt: Methyltestosteron, Oestradiol (in allen Fällen), Stilboestrol, Benzpyren und Methylcholanthren (in besonderen Fällen). Als Maß der Schädigung gilt der Prozentsatz an Metaphasen mit abgesprengten Chromosomen nach 9stündiger Einwirkung des Schädigungsmittels. 2. Gegen die Steroide schützt am besten Vitamin C (bei genügender Konzentration), noch gut Vitamin B1 und B6, während B2, pantothensaures Ca und Nicotinsäureamid die Steroidwirkung eher verstärken. 3. Gegen Stilboestrol schützt nur Vitamin C; alle anderen haben auf die Schädigung durch diese Substanz keinen Einfluß. 4. Gegen die cancerogenen Kohlenwasserstoffe sind alle untersuchten Vitamine machtlos. 5. Auf die Möglichkeit, diese Ergebnisse für das Krebsproblem auszuwerten, wird hingewiesen.
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    Zur Histophysiologie der Leydigschen Zwischenzellen des Rattenhodens (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 495-516 
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    Die Beeinflussung der Wachstumshemmung der Feuerbohnenwurzel infolge Methyltestosteronschädigung durch Vitamin C und B 1 (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 535-544 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
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    Notes: Zusammenfassung Vitamin B1 (1∶40000) und Vitamin C (1∶10000), welche normalerweise das Wurzelwachstum der Feuerbohne nicht beeinflussen, entfalten gegen die durch Methyltestosteron l∶100000 bewirkte Wachstumshemmung der Hauptwurzel eine deutliche Schutzwirkung. Aneurin erweist sich in schwächerer Konzentration stärker wirksam als Ascorbinsäure.
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    Berichtigung (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 635-635 
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    ≪Granula tannophila≫, peroxydases, zone et complexus de Golgi des leucocytes neutrophiles Golgi-Evagination et ≪Substance bronze≫ (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 470-494 
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    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Verfasserin behandelt zuerst die allgemeine Beziehungen zwischen Peroxydasen und dem neuen cytologischen Syndrom von A. L. Salazar, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Beziehungen zwischen Peroxydasen und „Granula Tanophila“ von A. L. Salazar. Die Verfasserin schließt daraus, daß es ganz allgemein systematische Beziehungen zwischen Peroxydasen, „Granula“ und granulocytischem Syndrom gibt, insonderheit im Hinblick auf die „pachy-meta-lepto-Evolution der Neutrophilen“. Die Verfasserin zeigt darauf, daß man experimentell den Golgi's Complexus (Golgi plus Paragolgi) aus den neutrophilen Granulocyten herausnehmen kann, und daß dieser Vorgang erlaubt, viele Probleme hinsichtlich des Golgi's Complexus unter neuen und besonders günstigen Bedingungen zu studieren, insbesondere die Beziehungen zwischen den Golgi und Paragolgi, sein physischer Zustand usw. Die Verfasserin zeigt noch, daß es in der Golgi-Zone der Neutrophilen eine besondere Substanz gibt, die das Golgi-Plasma durchsetzt und der sie den Namen „Bronzesubstanz“ gibt wegen ihrer Farbreaktionen.
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    Über Volumenmessungen an Gewebezellen (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 545-556 
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    Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fibrillären Struktur des Hyalinknorpels, gewonnen am Bronchialknorpel des Kaninchens (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 517-534 
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    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Mit der Silberimprägnationsmethode nach Pap ließen sich im hyalinen Bronchialknorpel des Kaninchens Fibrillensysteme nachweisen. 2. Die Fibrillen zeigen eine feine Eigenwellung, was ihre individuelle Anpassung auf Zug und Druck gestattet. Sie umgeben die Territorien schalenförmig. Die in allen Richtungen des Raumes angeordneten Fibrillenbündel kreuzen sich unter Beibehaltung ihrer ursprünglichen Verlaufsrichtung. Die größeren Bündel verlaufen in den breiteren interterritorialen Balken in Wellenlinien um die Territorien herum und strahlen von allen Richtungen in das Perichondrium ein. 3. Die Befunde wurden mit früheren Ergebnissen anderer Darstellungsm-ethoden verglichen und es wurde gezeigt, daß sich der Fibrillenverlauf nicht wie eines der bekannten, einfachen funktionellen Schema verhält.
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    Studien zur normalen und pathologischen Histologie vegetativer Ganglien. I (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 587-635 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Notes: Zusammenfassung An 47 operativ entfernten, unteren Halsganglien asthmakranker Patienten im Alter von 21–26 Jahren und an 14 oberen Halsganglien von 19 Hingerichteten im Alter von 17 1/2–70 Jahren wurden folgende Ergebnisse gewonnen: Ein an 223 mehrkernigen Ganglienzellen erhobener, histologischer Befund führt zur Annahme, in den mehrkernigen, sympathischen Ganglienzellen Erwachsener teils mit Sicherheit, teils mit Wahrscheinlichkeit Elemente mit minderwertiger oder krankhafter Funktion zu erblicken. Bei der Genese mehrkerniger Ganglienzellen kommt wahrscheinlich der Amitose eine gewisse Rolle zu. Die als Fortsatzdisharmonie bezeichnete Störung des Massenverhältnisses zwischen Zellkörper einerseits und Fortsätzen andererseits, darf als Zeichen einer krankhaften Erscheinung bei der sympathischen Ganglienzelle in Anspruch genommen werden. Die in ihrer Zahl schwankenden, scheinbar frei endigenden, kurzen Fortsätze der sympathischen Ganglienzellen im Grenzstrang sind als auswachsende neuroplasmatische Bildungen zu betrachten, die innerhalb des Hüllplasmodiums zu weiterem Wachstum und zur Differenzierung gelangen. An der Genese der in der vorliegenden Arbeit geschilderten, feinsten perizellulären Faserkörbe sind die Ganglienzelle und das umgebende Hüllplasmodium gemeinsam beteiligt. Eine Mitwirkung der kurzen Fortsätze der Ganglienzelle an der Bildung der Faserkörbe läßt sich sicher nachweisen, ein weiterer Zusammenhang der Faserkörbe mit der im Ganglion beobachteten, feinen Nervenfasermasse ist vorhanden, läßt aber hinsichtlich seiner Funktion keine klare Deutung zu. Die Herkunft des Untersuchungsmaterials von Asthmakranken und von einigen in ihrer Gesundheit zweifellos geschädigten Hingerichteten, die Wucherung des an der Genese der Faserkörbe sicher beteiligten Hüllplasmodiums, der stellenweise neuromähnliche Wachstumsmodus der Faserkörbe, ihr Zerfall und ihre häufige Verbindung mit minderwertigen oder degenerierenden Ganglienzellen legen den Gedanken nahe, in den feinen Faserkörben eine pathologische Erscheinungsform erkrankter Ganglienzellen zu sehen. Die beschriebenen Faserkörbe sympathischer Ganglienzellen wurden bis jetzt bei Asthma, Reynaud und Alkohol- und Nikotinabusus beobachtet. Der Halsgrenzstrang von Hingerichteten ist nicht ohne vorherige Kenntnis eines klinischen Befundes als normales Vergleichsmaterial zu verwenden.
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    Über die Kern-Plasma-Relation differenzierter Gewebezellen: Vorkommen und Grösse (1943)
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    Cell & tissue research 32 (1943), S. 557-586 
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    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe neu entwickelter Methodik wurden erstmalig differenzierte Gewebezellen verschiedenster Herkunft dreidimensional vermessen und für jede einzelne Zelle das Kernvolumen, das Plasmavolumen und die sich aus diesen ergebende Kern-Plasma-Relation bestimmt. Für die Kerne konnte das bekannte Verdoppelungsgesetz von Jakobj erneut bestätigt werden, darüber hinaus auch das Vorkommen von Zwischenklassen bei der Leber des Frosches, beim Epithel des Plexus chorioideus, bei den Spermiocyten I. Ordnung und beim Amnionepithel des Menschen nachgewiesen werden. Beim Darmepithel der Maus, dem Pleuraepithel des Meerschweinchens und dem Endothel der vorderen Augenkammer des Rindes trat nur eine Kernklasse auf. Beim hungernden Frosch stellte sich gegenüber einem gut ernährten Frosch in den Leberzellen neben einer Verringerung des Plasmavolumens auch eine solche der Kernvolumina ein, und zwar in dem Maße, daß die Kern-Plasma-Relation konstant und die gleiche blieb. Das Auftreten einer konstanten Kern-Plasma-Relation wurde für die Leberzellen eines gut ernährten wie eines hungernden Frosches, für das Darmepithel der Maus, das Pleuraepithel vom Meerschweinchen, das Epithel des Plexus chorioideus und das Amnion, sowie für die Spermiocyten I. Ordnung vom Menschen nachgewiesen. Für das Endothel der vorderen Augenkammer des Rindes ergab sich eine inkonstante Relation. Der Grad der Konstanz wurde durch die Größe des Korrelationskoeffizienten aus Kern- und Plasmavolumina zum Ausdruck gebracht und somit zahlenmäßig erfaßt. Die bei Konstanz der Kern-Plasma-Relation notwendige Erwartung, daß bei Auftreten von Verdoppelungs- und Zwischenklassen der Kernvolumina sich auch solche der Plasmavolumina ergeben müssen, konnte messend bestätigt werden.
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    Posizione sistematica ed affinità dell' Aegerita Webberi (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 343-345 
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    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine kurze Prüfung der Aegerita Webberi, Coccidienparasit in tropischen Gegenden, gestattet es, den Pilz in das Unterreich der Chaetaegerita nob., n. subg. einzureihen. Ferner wurden die möglichen Beziehungen mit den parasitären Madurellaceae des Menschen gestreift.
    Abstract: Summary Aegerita Webberi, the „brown mealy-wing fungus”, parasitic on scale insects in tropical regions, is adscribed to the new subgenus Chaetaegerita nob. The hypothetic affinity with Madurellaceae, stromatic sterile fungi parasitic on man, are sketched.
    Notes: Sommario Un breve esame dell'Aegerita Webberi, parassita di Coccidi nelle regioni tropicali, permette di ascrivere il fungo al sottogenere Chaetaegerita nob., n. subgen. I possibili rapporti con le Madurellaceae parassite dell'uomo sono stati ammessi.
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    Granulomatosi sperimentali da specie del genere (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 3 (1943), S. 225-239 
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    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Verfasser impfo das Monosporium apiospermium Saccardo (stamm Tarozzi) Kaninchen, Meerschweinchen und Tauben zu dem Zwecke ein, das monosporosiche Mycetom experimentell zu erzeugen und die spezifische Entzündung zu studieren. Die Versuche, das monosporosische Mycetom am Taubenfuss hervorzurufen haben ein negatives Ergebnis gezeitigt. Bei den Kaninchen wurden die Modalitäten der primären und der mittels Wiedereinimpfung bei vorbehandelten Tieren hervorgerufenen Entzündungen untersucht. Verfasser konnte bei den mehrmals behandelten Tieren humorale und allergische Veränderungen zum Vorschein bringen; im Lichte dieser Befunde versucht er, die pathogenetischen Mechanismen der experimentellen und menschlichen Erkrankung zu klären. Schliesslich stellt Verfasser einige Betrachtungen über die parasitäre Form des Monosporium apiospermum an.
    Abstract: Summary The author injects the Monosporium apiospermum Saccardo (Tarozzi strain) into rabbits, guinea-pigs and pigeons in order to reproduce the monosporic mycetoma experimentally and to study specific inflammation. The attempts of reproducing the monosporic mycetoma in the pigeon's foot had a negative result. The modalities of primary infection and of those caused by reinoculation in animals previously prepared, have been studied in rabbits. The Author pointed out some humoral and allergical modifications in animals which had been treated many times; availing himself of these findings he tries to explain the pathogenic mechanism of the experimental and human disease. Finally he makes some consideration on the parasitical form of the Monosporium apiospermum.
    Notes: Riassunto L'A. inocula il Monosporium apiospermum Saccardo (ceppo Tarozzi) in conigli, cavie e piccioni allo scopo di riprodurre sperimentalmente il micetoma monosporosico e di studiare l'infiammazione specifica. I tentativi di riprodurre nella zampa del piccione il micetoma monosporosico hanno avuto esito negativo. Nei conigli sono state studiate le modalità dell'infezione primaria e di quelle provocate con reinoculazioni in animali precedentemente preparati. L'A. ha messo in evidenza delle modificazioni umorali ed allergiche negli animali più volte trattati; al lume di questi reperti cerca di chiarire i meccanismi patogenetici della malattia sperimentale e di quella umana. Fa, infine, alcune considerazioni sulla forma parassitaria del Monosporium apiospermium.
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    Alexandre Guilliermond (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 124-130 
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    Torula morrhuae, another synonim of Sporendonema epizoum (Corda) Cif. et Red. (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 137-138 
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    Mancata formazione di forme ascofore e conservazione di culture di Funghi Patogeni in substrati naturali (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 131-136 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The attempt of obtaining pyknidic or ascus-bearing forms of Dermatophytes, letting them grow during a period of three years in the darkness (underground and in cellars) on so-called natural mediums (henfeathers, horse-hair; fresh horse-hoofs; raw tanned leather; fresh and ripe cattle manure; dried and silos-hay; garden soil) has not given satisfying results. It has been observed, however, that in the greater part of mediums and for what concerns the greatest part of species, these remain alive, and in the normal cultures there is not tendency towards a pleomorphism ; on the contrary, it has been sometimes observed an attempt of regaining the normal morphology in the pleomorphic cultures.
    Notes: Riassunto Il tentativo di ottenere forme picnidiche od ascofore di Dermatofiti, lasciandoli crescere durante 3 anni, all'oscuro (sotto terra e in cantina), su substrati cosidetti naturali (penne di gallina; crine di cavallo; unghie fresche di cavallo; cuoio grezzo conciato; letame bovino fresco e maturo; fieno secco e fieno-silos; terra da giardino) non ha dato risultati positivi. Si é constatato, però, che nella maggior parte dei substrati e per la maggior parte delle specie, queste rimangono viventi, e da culture normali non vi é tendenza a pleomorfizzare ; al contrario, talvolta, si ha un tentative di ripristino della normale morfologia partendo da culture pleomorfiche.
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    Comportamento dei Blastomiceti di fronte al metodo di colorazione proposto da Dold (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 187-189 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dold's staining method applied to blastomycetes has always allowed a positive observation. Into this finding interferes neither the nature and composition of the nutritive medium, nor the age of cultures. As a contrast was detected the fact that while the bacteria yelded by the aforesaid staining method demonstrate large differences in their behaviour, Blastomycetes show a closely homogenous behaviour, which fact does not happen, for instance, using the Gram stain. The causes responsible for such a different behaviour, doubtlessly connected with the protoplasmic reactivity and the cytochemical composition of the species belonging to the different-groups, are yet a matter of study.
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    Ricerche sul potere fungistatico e fungicida del sangue nelle Dermatomicosi (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 139-161 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume L'A. expose une Série de recherches concernantes la présence d'anticorps libres dans le sérum ou dans les tissus, 1'existence et les variations du pouvoir bactéricide ou fungicide dans le sang des sujets soit normaux soit atteints de dermatomycoses. Il conclue que: 1) dans le serum des sujets atteints de mycose de nature inflammatoire et de Favus on ne peut pas demontrer in-vitro une action inibitrice sur le développement des mycètes homologues et hétérologues. Tout au plus on peut admettre quelques fois une influence freinatrice qui n'est pas liée à une substance avec una véritable fonction d'anticorps, mais qu'on peut rapporter à causes incertaines et pas bien indentifiables. 2) Le liquide des bulles provoquées en proximité des foyers de Tricophytie inflammatoire, ne montre aucun pouvoir fungistatique. Il ne semble pas possible de prouver mêine dans la peau la présence d'anticorps ou de substances avec fonction d'anticorps. 3) Chez les individus normaux comme les tricophytiques il apparaît impossible démontrer un véritable pouvoir d'inhibition du sang et du sérum frais sur les mycètes, qui correspond au soi-disant pouvoir bactéricide qu'on a démontré pour d'autres germes.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der V. beschreibt eine ganze Untersuchungsreihe, zwegs Bestätigung einer eventuellen Anwesenheit freien, im Blutkreise oder Gewebe, vorhandenen Antikörper, als auch die Existenz und Verschiedenheit des bakteriziden oder pilzabtötenden Blutvermögen, gesunden und an Dermatomykose Erkrankten, angestellt. Der V. schliesst: 1) Im Blutserum, von an entzündlichen Dermatomykose und Favus Er-, krankten, ist keine entwicklungshemmende Wirkung über gleich- und ungleichartigen Pilzen, in vitro erweisbar. Jedoch könnte man, eine unregelmässig zu beobachtende, inhibitorische und auf Pilze wachstumshemmende Beeinflussing, die nicht auf ein rein antikörperfunzionierende Substanz, sondern auf Ungewisse und schlecht identifizierende Ursache gebunden wäre, annehmen. 2) Der Inhalt der, in Nachbarschaft der entzündlichen Tricophytieherden gelegten Blasen, zeigt keinerlei, auf Pilze wachstumshemmendes Vermögen; es ist also auch kein Vorhandensein von Antikörper oder antiköperfunzionierende Stoffe im cutis als festgestellt zu betrachten. 3) In Gesunden als auch, in den an tiefen Tricophytie Erkrankten Personen, ist keine wirckliches Blut- oder Serumvermögen, uber auf s. g. bakterizides Vermögen entsprechende Pilze, festzustellen.
    Notes: Autoriassunto L'A. espone una serie di ricerche fatte allo scopo di confermare o meno la presenza di anticorpi liberi in circolo o nei tessuti, nonchè 1'esistenza e le variazioni del potere battericida o fungicida nel sangue di individui normali e di individui affetti da dermatomicosi. Conclude che: 1) nel siero di individui affetti da micosi a tipo infiammatorio e da tigna favosa, non è possibile dimostrare in vitro un'azione inibitrice sullo sviluppo di miceti omologhi ed eterologhi. Tuttalpiù si può ammettere che discontinuamente si osserva una influenza rallentatrice o fungistatica non legata ad una sostanza con vera funzione di anticorpo ma riferibile a cause incerte e male identificabili. 2) il liquido di bolla provocata in vicinanza di focolai di tricofizia infiammatoria non rivela alcun potere fungistatico; non è pertanto da ritenersi dimostrarata neppure nella cute la presenza di anticorpi o di sostanze con funzione di anticorpi. 3) sia negli individui normali che nei tricofitici non è possibile mettere in evidenza un reale potere inibitore del sangue o del siero fresco sui miceti corrispondente al cosi detto potere battericida dimostrato per altri germi.
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    Studio clinico-sperimentale dell' allergia (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 235-242 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A clinic and experimental study on allergy. I) Demonstration of phlogogenic factors in the normal skin of people affected with granulomatous trichophytosis. The AA. study the phlogenic action of skin extracts from 8 cases of deep trychophytosis. The extracts prepared by means of skin sheets taken away from the same subject at different times of the course of the disease and simultaneously injected into test organisms, have shown a different phlogogenic power. After an increasing period, the phlogogenic substances decrease, thus drawing a parabolic curve. Such decrease, going along parallelly with the stressing of the immunity stage, led the AA. to the conclusion that the phlogogenic substances represent elements of direct focal origin; and that the allergic movement by them, at least partially, excited, is aimed to their annulment through the immunity stage.
    Notes: Autoriassunto Gli A. A. studiano il potere flogogeno di estratti di cute provenienti da 8 casi di tricofizia profonda. Gli estratti preparati con lembi di cute asportati dallo stesso soggetto in tempi diversi rispetto al decorso della malattia ed iniettati contemporaneamente in controlli hanno dimostrato un potere flogogeno diverse. Le sostanze flogogene dopo una fase di incremento diminuiscono descrivendo in complesso una curva parabolica. Tale diminuzione procedendo parallelamente all'accentuarsi della fase immunitaria permette agli A. A. di concludere che le sostanze flogogene rappresentano elementi di diretta derivazione del focolaio e che il movimento allergico in parte da esse scatenato tende ad annullarle attraverso alla fase immunitaria.
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    Studi sulla biologia dei dermatomiceti (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 222-234 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The Author studied the glycoassimilative and glycolythic activities of 94 strains of very recent isolated dermatomycetes (4Microsporum, 2Achorion, 10Epidermophyton inguinale and 78Tricophyton violaceum,cerebriforme, gipseum, plicatile, fumatum, ecc.). Beijeirink's auxanographic method was followed in such researches suitably modified for the particular requirements in the study of dermatomycetes as well as the classical method for the fermentation of carbonium hydrates. The auxanographic method enabled to point out the striking difference in the behaviour between the four genus of dermatomycetes tested (Microsporum, Achorion, Epidermophyton andTricophyton) differences which occur in many cases with an absolute constancy or remarkable frequency for different strains tested of sam genus or species. According to the A. itz would be still before time and rather hazardous to state definitively these differences as absolute characters peculiar for a genus or species. The examination of fermentative activity on the carbonium hydrates gave on the contrary irregular or small important results.
    Abstract: Résumé L'A. a étudié les activitées glycoassimilatives et glycolithiques de 94 souches de dermatomycetes tout recemment isolées (4Microsporum, 2Achorium Schöleini, 10Epidermophyton et 78Tricophyton des espècesviolaceum, cerebriforme, gipseum, plicatile, fumatum, interdigitale, etc.). On a employé dans ces recherches la méthode auxanographique de Beijerink modifiée en vue des particulières exigéances de l'étude des dermatomycetes et la methode classique de la fermentation des hydrates de carbon. A l'aide de la méthode auxanographyque l'A. a réussi à mettre en évidance parmi les quatre genres de dermatomycetes examinés (Microsporum, Achorium, Epidermophyton, etTricophyton) des differences substantielles de comportement que dans certains cas se répètent avec une absolue constance ou une considérable fréquence dans les diverses souches de la même espèce examinées. L'A. croit cependant qu'il serait encore prémature et hazardeux de considérer ces differences comme des caractères absolus particuliers à chaque genre ou espèce. L'examen de l'activité fermentative sur les hydrates de carbon a donné des résultats tout à fait irréguliers et de signification assez restreinte.
    Notes: Autoriassunto L'A. ha studiato le attività glicoassimilative e glicolitiche di 94 ceppi di dermotomiceti di recentissimo isolamento (4Microsporum, 2 Achorion Schönleini, 10Epidermophyton inguinale e 78Tricophyton delle specieviolaceum, cerebriforme, gipseum, plicatile, fumatum, interdigitale, ecc.). Sono stati seguiti in tali ricerche il metodo auxanografico di Beijerink opportunamente modificato per le particolari esigenze dello studio dei dermatomiceti ed il classico metodo per la fermentazione degli idrati di carbonio. Il metodo auxanografico ha permesso di mettere in evidenza sostanziali differenze di comportamento tra i quattro generi di dermatomiceti presi in esame (Microsporum, Achorion, Epidermophyton edTricophyton), differenze che si ripetono in alcuni casi con assoluta costanza o con notevole frequenza nei diversi ceppi della stessa specie esaminati, ma che seconde l'A. sarebbe ancora prematuro ed azzardato voler considerare definitivamente come caratteri assoluti peculiari di un determinato genere o specie. Risultati assai irregolari e di significato molto scarso ha dato invece l'esame dell'attività fermentativa sugli idrati di carbonio.
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    Sopra alcuni aspetti morfologici di Candida pulcherrima (Lindner) Windisch (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 268-271 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The AA. describe in a strain ofC. pulcherrima (Lindner) Windisch, some amoeboid appearances of blastospores. They think these figures to be, more than the introduction to sporologic processes, the preamble to the formation of pseudomycelium; for this reason these amoeboid figures have no peculiar systematic value, as they are to be considered as a stage likely placed between the non-filamentous one of theTorulopsis type, and the filamentous one of theCandida type.
    Notes: Sommario Gli AA. descriono in uno stipite diC. pulcherrima (Lindner) Windisch degli aspetti ameboidi delle blastospore. Ritengono che questi aspetti più che preludere a processi sporologici, precedano forse la formazione di pseudomicelio; per questo essi aspetti ameboidi non hanno alcun particolare valore sistematico in quanto da ditenersi una fase che occuperebbe un posto intermedio tra quella non filamentosa tipoTorulopsis e quella filamentosa tipoCandida.
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    Microflora blastomicetica dei tabacchi (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 260-267 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Blastomycetic microflora of tobaccos The study of fermenting tobaccos of the Kentucky and Maryland types, often repeated in the course of ten years, could demonstrate that their blastomycetic microflora is to be considered as typified by species belonging to theDebaryomyces genus. The ones isolated by the Kentucky tobacco during its fermentation for the production of,„toscani” cigars have been referred to asD. nicotianae, n. sp.; other strains as a variety of the former:D. nicotianae var.minor. Also by the fermenting Maryland tobacco have been ae isolated forms likely to be annexed toDebaryomyces gen. Two of the laater have been referred to asD. Marylandi n. sp. andD. Cavensis n. sp.; a third one has been identified asD. Matruchoti Grigoraki et Peju. The growth of these yeasts is quite fair and reaches, during the fermentation, numbers of hundreds of thousands and even tens of millions of blastospores per gram of dry substance. Other blastomycetes, considered however of a very little importance because of their neglectable number, belong to the genusRhodotorula Harrison. Two of them are a variety ofR. mucillaginosa (Jörg.) Harrison:R. mucillaginosa var.Kentucky; another is theR. mucillaginosa var.Scafatii; a fourth strain is typified byRhodotorula polimorpha.
    Notes: Riassunto L'esame di tabacchi tipo Kentucky e Maryland in fermentazione ripetuto più volte nel corso di oltre un decennio ha mostrato che la microflora blastomicetia di essi è da ritenersi rappresentata da specie riferibili al Gen.Debaryomyces. Quelli isolati dal tabacco Kentucky in fermentazione, per la produzione dei sigari toscani, sono stati descritti comeDeb. nicotianae n. sp., altri stipiti come una varietà di questa, denominataDeb. nicotianae var.minor. Anche dal tabacco Maryland in fermentazione furono isolate forme riportabili alGen. Debaryomyces. Due di queste sono descritte comeDeb. MaryIandii n. sp. eDeb. Cavensis n. sp., una terza fu identificata colDeb. Matruchoti GRIGORAKI et PEJU. Lo sviluppo di questi lieviti è molto numeroso, raggiunge durante la fermentazione dei tabacchi le cifre da centinaia di migliaia ad alcune decine di milioni per gr. di tabacco sostanza secca. Nel tabacco Kentucky, in fase di fermentazione per sigari toscani, lo sviluppo si verifica nei primi stadi fermentativi ed è capace di avverarsi anche nell'interno dei itessuti fogliari; col procedere della fermentazione diminuisce rapidamente e quindi cessa. Altri rappresentanti della flora blastomicetica ma in scarsissimo numero, tale da non attribuirgli importanza pratica, sono dei lieviti asporigeni a pigmento rosa-rosso riferibili al Gen.Rhodothorula HARRISON. Di quattro stipiti isolati due di essi sono considerati una nuova varietà della Rhod.mucillaginosa (JORG). HARRISON e denominata quale var.Kentuckyi, un altro stipiti un'altra varietià della stessa specie designata come car.Scafatii, e il quarto stipite una nuova specie denominataRhod. polimorpha. Infine vengono svolte delle considerazioni sugli effetti che possono determinare le aggiunte di colture di lieviti ai tabacchi.
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    Granulomatous moniliasis resembling blastomycosis (Cilchrist's disease) (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 272-278 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A granulomatous lesion of the wrist caused byMonilia (Candida) albicans is presented. The case is unusual because of the following: 1. It resembled blastomycosis (Gilchrist's disease) sufficiently to be so diagnosed by many dermatologists. 2. In spite of the fact that the organism was isolated on three occasions, the fungus was observed with difficulty in smears. 3. Microscopically, sections of tissue had many of the characteristics of blastomycosis. The typical blastomycetes were not seen. 4. Repeated examination of sections of tissue finally revealed a characteristic, budding organism in a histiocyte in a section stained with methylene blue and eosin. Faintly stained budding cells were found in hematoxylin and eosin stained sections, also in histiocytes. 5. The lesion responded with some scar formation but with peripheral extension in spite of the varied and continued treatment.
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    Bibliographia mycopathologica (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 284-314 
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    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Interaction between pathogenic fungi in culture. Considerations on the mechanism of cell division in the dimorphism of pathogenic fungi (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 279-283 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A mutual antagonism (in vitro) has been shown betweenTrichophyton rubrum andCandida albicans by means of two membered pure cultures and by means of cultures filtrates from each organism grown singly. The growth ofT. rubrum was inhibited by metabolic products ofC. albicans. The pigment ofT. rubrum has been shown to be a pH indicator in vivo. Metabolic products ofT. rubrum completely inhibit the development of mycelia byC. albicans, but have little effect on growth in the yeast phase. Chemical fractionation experiments indicated that there are two diffusible metabolic products ofT. rubrum affecting mycelia development: 1) soluble in water and in acetone, heat stable, and adsorbed by activated charcoal, 2) soluble in water, insoluble in acetone, heat labile, and not adsorbed by activated charcoal. The general phenomenon of yeast to mycelia conversions has been considered in detail. A notation system has been developed in this connection; yeast (Y) to mycelia (M) transformations may be expressed as Y→M; interconversions of the type exhibited byBlastomyces may be written Y:⇉M. The relationships between these processes and the analogous bacteria (B) to filament (F) conversions, B→ F, has been pointed out. Evidence that Y.→.M, Y⇄M, and B→F may result from the inhibition of a common unit enzymatic mechanism has been presented. Converging evidence from such diverse fields as the physicochemical study of the kinetics of bacterial growth (Hinshelwood), genetics of irradiated bacteria (Witkin; Eisenstark andClark), cytochemical mechanism of penicillin action (Pratt andDufrenoy), and dimorphism of pathogenic fungi (this paper;Nickerson andEdwards) are all interpreted as pointing in this direction.
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    Satelitismo microbiano: Actinomyces israeli-Streptococcus sp. (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 327-329 
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    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Nous avons observé le phénomène de satellitisme d'unStreptococcus sp. provenant de la bouche (probablement leStreptococcus salivarius) vis-à-vis de l'Actinomyces israeli. Nous croyons que l'Act. israeli synthétise une substance hydrosoluble, diffusible dans le milieu de culture qui permet le développement duStreptococcus. Cette substance est, probablement, la thiamine puisqu'elle est un facteur de croissance aussi pour lePhycomyces blekesleeanus et elle est détruite par le chauffage en milieu alcalin.
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    Estudios sobre el Coccidioides immitis Rixford et Gilchrist (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 321-326 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Seven cases of coccidioidomycosis have been reported until now in Argentina, 2 of which are not yet published. Mycological characters of the 3 Argentine strains are identical with those of the North-American strains. Colonies are velvety or floccose, white, zonate or hemizonate. Vegetative mycelium forms: chlamydospores (intercalary or terminal), racket mycelium, appressoria, funicula, vegetative anastomosis and rudimentary sclerotia. Fertile mycelium develops as branches of the aereal mycelium and leads to the formation of entospores (thallospores) separated by empty cells which function as disjunctors. They utilize monosaccharides and sodium acetate better than other carbon sources. Ammonium chloride is the simplest nitrogen source which provides a good growth ofC. immitis. Argentine strains are proteolytic and one of them hemolize rabbit's red blood corpuscles.
    Notes: Resumé On a rapporté jusqu'à present 7 cas de eoccidioidomycose dans l'Argentine, dont deux sont encore inédits. L'étude mycologique de 3 souches nous a révélé qu'elles sont identiques aux souches nord-americaines. Les colonies sont véloutées ou laineuses, blanches, zonées ou hémizonées. Le mycélium végétatif forme des chlamydospores, mycélium en raquette, appressorium, funiculus, des anastomoses vegetatives et, dans les milieux avec 1% de graisse, des sclérotes rudimentaires. Le mycélium de fructification naît du mycélium aérien et consiste dans la formation d'entospores (thallospores) separés par des cellules vides qui fonctionnent comme des disjoncteurs. Elles utilisent mieux les monosaccharides et l'acétate de sodium que les autres sources de carbone. Le ClNH4 est la source d azote plus simple qui fournit un bon developpement duC. immitis. Les souches étudiées sont protéolytiques et quelques unes hemolisent le sang du lapin.
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    Hongos blastosporados de los esputos (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 330-332 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Resumen De 100 esputos que proporcionaron cultivos de hongos blastosporados (o levaduri formes) 84% contenían diversas especies deCandida y 16% deTorulopsis. El estudio de 54 cepas deCandida arrojó la siguiente distribucion por especies:C. albicans 57,40%,C. tropicalis 20,37%,C. Krusei 12,96%,C. parapsilosis 3,70% yC. Guilliermondi, Czeylanoides yC. lipolytica (probable) cada una representada por 1,85%. Las dos cepas deTorulopsis estudiadas, fueron clasificadas comoT. pulcherrima. Creemos que la flora del esputo representa, como la de las materias fecales, una
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    Rhinosporidiosis (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 342-348 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In another paper the Author has presented a revision of the world literature on Rhinosporidiosis. With these data and other accumulated since then, he was able to compute the world casuistic of this mycosis as 442 cases in man and 39 in domestic animals. After a few considerations on the mycosis and its etiological agent, together with some of his experiences on the subject, the Author summarizes the cases observed in Brazil both in man and in domestic animals.
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    Estudios sobre el Coccidioides immitis (Stiles) (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 315-320 
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    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumé Le Coccidioides immitis forme. dans les cultures en milieux solides un mycélium végétatif et un mycélium de fructification ou reproducteur. On peut differentier dans le premier; a) un mycélium aérien, b) un mycélium superficiel ou rampant et c) un mycélium immergé ou profond. Le mycélium de fructification naît du mycélium aérien. Le mycélium végétatif est peut cloisonné et d'un diamètre très irrégulier de 1,4μ at 5μ. Il est parfois rubané. On peut reconnaître les formations vegetatives suivantes: chlamydospores terminales ou intercalaires d'un diamètre moyen de 15μ; mycelium en raquette; appressorium, funiculus, des anastomoses végétatives et des sclérotes rudimentaires de 1–2 mm. de diamètre. Le mycélium réproducteur consiste dans la délimitation d'une „proconidie” simple ou ramifiée de 3,5μ de diamètre, laissant parfois un pédicule d'une longueur variable à la façon de sporophore. La „proconidie” se cloisonne en direction basipète aboutissant à la formation d'une série régulière de cellules rectangulaires dont l'une est fertile et la suivante stérile ou abortive. La cellule apicale est toujours fertile. Les cellules fertiles sont des entospores (thallospores) de 4,5×3,5μ. en moyenne et ils restent libres par la rupture du filament fertile au niveau des cellules abortives qui fonctionnent comme des disjoncteurs.
    Abstract: Summary Coccidioides immitis develops on solid culture media a vegetative and a fertil mycelium. The first one may be aereal (superficial or prostrate) and immersed or profound. The fertile mycelium is formed as branches of aereal mycelium. The vegetative mycelium is sparsely branched and of irregular thickness, varying from 1,40μ to 5μ. It is occasionally ribbon-like, and it shows the following special formations: chlamydospores (intercalary or terminal) of an average diametre of 15μ, racket mycelium, appressoria, funicula, vegetative anastomosis and rudimentary sclerotia of 1 to 2 mm. in diametre. Fertile mycelium begins with the demarcation of single or branched “proconidia” which occasionally bear a pedicle or sporophore-like formation. Proconidia divide then basipetally leading to be formation of a row of cells one of which is fertile and the following sterile or abortive. Apical cells are always fertile. Fertile cells are entospores (thallospores) of an average diametre of 4,5×3,5 μ and are liberated by the rupture of the hyphal walls at the place of empty cells which function as disjunctors.
    Notes: Resumen ElCoccidioides immitis forma, en los medios sólidos de cultivos, un micelio vegetativo y otro de fructificación. El primero es aereo, superficial o rampante y sumergido o profundo. El micelio de fructificación se forma como ramas fértiles del micelio aereo. El micelio vegetativo es poco tabicado y de un diámetro muy irregular oscilando de 1,40μ a 5μ se presenta en ocasiones acintado. Ofrece las siguientes formaciones especiales: clamidosporos intercalares o terminales de un diámetro medio de 8μ, micelio en raqueta, apresorios, funiculos, anastomosis vegetativas y esclerotes rudimentarios de 1 a 2 mm. de diámetro. El micelio de fructificación comienza con la delimitación de una „proconidia” simple o ramificada que deja, en ocasiones, un pedículo de longitud variable a modo de esporóforo. La „proconidia” se tabica en sentido basipeto origunando una serie de células rectangulares que se diferencian en célula fértil y otra estéril o abortiva. La célula apical es siempre fértil. La célula fértil es un entosporo que mide término media 4×3,50μ queda libre por la ruptura de las paredes de la hifa a nivel de las células abortivas que funcionan como separadores.
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    Funghi lievitiformi isolati dalle ovoteche diPariplaneta orientalis L. (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 333-341 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Yeast-like fungi isolated from the oothecas of Periplaneta orientalis The A. retook the attempt of isolating from the cells of the fatty body of beetles (Periplaneta orientalis and Blattella germanica) their simbionts, in order to enlight their nature. The attempt failed; the study has been performed on 40 oothecas of Periplaneta orientalis; the cultures allowed in a highest rate the isolation of a schyzomycetes belonging to the B. subtilis group, and the isolation of two yeast-like fungi. From 6 oothecas have been isolated five times aTorulopsis sp. and once theCandida Zeylanoides (Cast.) Lang. et Guerra. The A. thinks these yeast-like fungi to come from the flora of the often polluted celomatic cavity of beetles from which they might pass, easily, in the oothecas.
    Notes: Sommario L, A. ha ripreso il tentativo di isolate dalle cellule del corpo adiposo delle blatte (Periplaneta orientalis e Blattella germanica) i simbionti con lo scopo di determinarue la natura. I1 tentativo è fallito; lo studio è stato condotto su 40 ovoteche di Periplaneta orientalis; le colture hanno dato in una percentuale altissima l'isolamento di uno schizomicete che entra nel gruppo del B. subtilis e l'isolamento di due funghi lievitiformi. Da sei ovoteche sono state isolate cinque volte unaTorulopsis sp. e una volta laCandida Zeylanoides (Cast.) Lang. et Guerra. L'A. ritiene che questi funghi lievitiformi derivino dalla flora della cavità s matica della Blatta, frequentemente inquinata e che passino facilmente nelle ovoteche.
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    Estudio comparativo de varias cepas de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis y especies afines (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 356-366 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01237162
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    Einfluss von Vitaminen auf die Pilzkultur (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 394-415 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary It had been examined the effect of added vitamins added to cultures of fungi growing in a chemically known medium. The fungi were dermatophytes, yeasts, and actinomyces. The added vitamins were aneurin, lactoflavin, and ascorbin acid of the vitamins solvable in water and vitamin A and D of the vitamin solvable in adipose. It had been found an effect on the extent and direction of growing, on the ability of keeping u pthe concentration of hydrogen ions, and the production of pigment. The effect was on one hand advancing, on the other reducing. It is pointed out the possibility of a not especial effect coursed only by the extremely changed reaction of the culture medium being changed in alkaline and acid direktion.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Untersucht wurde die Wirkung von Vitaminsusatz auf Pilzkulturen in chemisch bekannter Nährlösung. Zur Verwendung kamen Dermatophyten, Hefen und Actinomycesstämme. Von den wasserlöslichen Vitaminen wurden Aneurin, Lactoflavin und Ascorbinsäure, von den fettlöslichen Vitamin A und D untersucht. Es ergab sich — je nach Vitamin und Pilzart verschieden — ein Einfluss auf Wachstumsstärke, Wachtumsrichtung, Puffe rungsvermögen und Farbstoffbildung in fördernden oder hemmenden Sinne. Auf die Möglichkeit einer unspezifischen Wirkung allein durch die stark veränderte Nährbodenreaktion in saurer oder alkalischer Richtung wird besonders hingewiesen.
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    Madurella grisea n. sp. (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 384-393 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary and Conclusions 1. Twelve strains of fungi isolated from cases of black maduromycosis (black Madura foot), from several regions of the World, were studied and we reached the conclusions that the five strains isolated in South America belong to the same species. 2. The South American species could be comparatively studied with :Madurella americana, Madurella Ikedae, Phialophora Jeanselmei, Glenospora Clapieri andMonosporium sclerotiale. The conclusion was that the South American species is different from the named species. 3. It was impossible to identify our strains with other species producing black maduromycosis on the basis of the forthcoming descriptions. Nevertheless, we recognize that very striking similarities exist between our South American cultures and the description byChatterjee of a strain isolated in India.Chatterjee did not name his strain and as it is not available from the main type culture collections of the World, we are unable to affirm or to deny, with scientifical reasons, the identity with our own strains. 4. Consequently, we considered the South American species as a new one and we named itMadurella grisea n. sp. 5. The combinationMadurella mycetomi (Laveran 1902) Brumpt 1905 is rejected because : A) It is considered as anomen dubium. B) The French authors likePinoy, Brault, Puyhaubert andJolly, andNoc andJouenne described under the nameM. mycetomi, cultures which were very different from our South American strains. 6. We must emphasize that the biological characteristics, like the assimilation of nitrogenous compounds and sugars have been very useful for the identification of species, whenever we used very pure compounds and very rigorous methods. They provide us with a biological criterion which was a control of the strictly botanical studies, although they are not necessary.
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    Sulla presenza e numero degli Actinomiceti nel terreno agrario in rapporte alle diverse stagioni dell'anno (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 48-53 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Berücksichtigung auf eineHiltner undStörmer's Beobachtung betätigt Verf., dass auch bei den italienischen Boden die Zahl der Aktinomyceten höchst in der Erbstperiode zu sein pflegt.
    Abstract: Sumario Con riferimiento a una observación deHiltner yStrmer, el Author conferme que, también en los suelos italianos, el numero de los Actinomicetos inclinase a ser el máximo durante el periodo de otoõno.
    Notes: Riassunto Con riferimento ad una osservazione diHiltner eStörmer's si conferma che, anche nei terreni italiani il numero degli Actinomiceti tende ad essere massimo durate il periodo autunnale.
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    Reisolamento delMycoderma glutinis-farinulae Desm., e proposta del cambiamento del nome generico diMycodermaLeberle inMycokluyveria nobis (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 54-59 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Verf. identifizieren alsMycoderma glutinis-farinulae Desm. ein aus den gewöhnlichen Hefen der Hausbrotbereitung isolierter Stamm bei den Marken (Italien). Hieraus bekommen Verff. einen Stich um die noch heute eingestellte und besprochene Frage der Gültigkeit zu revidieren des GenusMycoderma. Verff. nehmen die von,Leberle vorgeschlagene Abänderung über die primäre Bedeutung an, welchePersoon dem Genus gegeben hat und nehmen auch die neue Revisionen von Frl.Lodder an, indem sie die Kennzeichen des Genus festlegen. Endlich nehmen Verff. wahr, dass der NameMycoderma als ein „nomen confusm“ zu betrachten ist, und schlagen für denselben Genus (in Sinne vonLeberle) den NamenMycokluyveria vor. Sie führen die Synonimie der angenommenen Arte und einen analytischen Schlüssel derselben an.
    Abstract: Sumario Pe una levadura domestica del pan de Italia fué aislada una cepa considerada igual alMycoderma glutinis-farinulae Desm. Con la ocaión se ha estudiado el valor y la nomenclatura del généroMycoderma, concluyendo con su aceptación con el emendamiento deLebeble, en el sentido doLodder; pero el nome generico deMycoderma Pers. siendo considerado como „nomen confusum“, ha sido rechazado, proponiendo, en su Vez, el deMycokluyveria. Se incuye un elenco de las especies màs conocides, con sus sinńiomos y una llave analitica.
    Notes: Riassunto Gli Autori identificano nelMycoderma glatinis-farinulae Desm. uno stipite isolato dai comuni lieviti di panificazione casalinga nelle Marche (Italia). Da qui prendono lospunto per rivedere la questione ancor oggi sospesa e discussa della validità del genereMycoderma. Accettando l'emendamento eheLeberle ha fatto sul primitivo significato dato al genere daPersoon, ed accettando le revisioni recenti (1934) dellaLodder, fissano le caratteristiche del genere e, constatando che il nome diMycoderma deve considerarsi come „nomen confusum“, propongono per lo stesso genere (inteso nel senso diLeberle) il nomeMycokluyveria. Riportano la sinonimia delle specie accettate ed una chiave analitica delle stesse.
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    Il ciclo del batterio simbionte di Blattella germanica (L.) (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 85-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé L'Auteur a étudié le cycle de la bactérie symbiote deBlattella germanica (L.) au cours de sa transmission éréditaire. Dans la fase de migration ovarienne, les bactéries font issue des bactériocytes de la femelle et franchissent, en un point encore mal connu, la paroi des tubes ovariens pour constituer une couche superficielle autour de l'oeuf. Au cours de la phase embryonnaire les bactéries convergent tout d'abord au centre du vitellus; puis lorsque à partir du mésoderme prennent naissance les lobes adipeux, les bactéries émigrent vers l'embryon, traversent l'entoderme et le sinus épineural et pénétrant dans le cytoplasme de diverses cellules mésodermiques transforment celles-ci en bactériocytes.
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    Un quadriennio di attivita' del cento di micologia umana e comparata di pavia (1938–1941) (1943)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 25-47 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Verff. referieren über die Tätigkeit des „Zentrums von menschlicher und vergleichender Mykologie“ der Universität Pavia in den Jahren vom 1938 bis zum 1941. Sie geben ein Verzeichnis der im Zentrum dargelegten Arbeiten der veröffentlichten und der nicht ausgegebenen: unter diesen berichten sie Untersuchungen über die Arte des GenusPericystis Betts, des GenusHistoplasma Darling und vonCystidiella Malan. Sie prüfen die folgenden aeuen Arte :Mycotorula messanensis undGlenospora viridobrunnea; und geberueinen neuen Namen den folgenden Arten:Torulopsis sexta (Will),Mycotorula, pseudoiropicalis (Castellani),Mycotorula Krausi (Ota),Mycatorula Chalmersi (Castellani); endlich geben sie Nachricht der Reisolierung und des Studium von verschiedenen Arten von Dermatophyten, Hefen und Hyphomyceten.
    Abstract: Sumario El reporte de la actividad del „Centro di Micologia umana e comparata“ de la Universidad de Pavia, durante los cuatros años desde el 1938 hasta el 1941 incluye, entre otras cosas, la descripción de las nuevas especiesMycotorula messanensis yGlenospora viridobrunnea, y las nuevas conbinacionesTorulopsis sexta (Will),Mycotorula pseudotropicalis (Castellani),Mycotorula Krausi (Ota) yMycotorala Chalmersi Castellani); la noticia del reislamiento de especies de levaduras, Dermatofitos y lfomicetos; datas acerca los generosPericystis Betts,Histoplasma Darling yCystidiella Malan. La lista de los publicaciones imprimidas o por imprimir está referida.
    Notes: Riassunto Gli Autori rendono conto dell'attività del „Centro di Micologia umana e comparata“ della R. Universitá di Pavia nel corso degli anni dal 1938 al 1941. Danno un elenco dei lavori svqlti nel Centro, di quelli pubblicati e di quelli rimasti inediti; tra questi riferiscono ricerche sulle specie del generePericystis Betts, del genereHistoplasma Darling eCystidiella Malan. Studiano le seguenti specle nuove:Mycotorula messanensis eGlenospora viridobrunnea; assegnano un nuovo nome alle seguenti specie:Torulopsis sexta (Will),Mycotorula pseadotropicalis (Castellani),Mycotorula Krausi (Ota),Mycotorula Chalmersi (Castellani); quindi danno notizia-del reisolamento e dello studio di diverse specie di dermatofiti, di lieviti e dit ifomiceti.
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    Die Systematik der Actinomyceten (1943)
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    Mycopathologia 4 (1943), S. 60-84 
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    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sumario El Autor, después de una sintesis histórico-critica sobre los Actinomicetos, en base a sus proprias buscas experimentales actuales y passadas, formula la moderne diagnosis de los génerosActinomyces, Micromonospora, Proactinomuces. etc., integrando, además, su estudio con una llave analitica moderna de todas las Familias, Subfamilias y Generos de los Actinomycetales Buchanan. De particular impprtancia es la discusión sobre la naturaleza de los cuerpos reproductivos de los Actinomicetos, y, màs generalmente, de la morfologia que está a la base de su sistematica. El Autor incluye la descripción cuidadosa de unas principales especies, reexaminadas desde el punto de vista historico-experimental, con sus ocmpleta sinonimia. Estas especies sonActinomyces Bostroemi, A. albus, A. sulphureus, A. carneus, A. Madurae,A. viridis, A. melanosporeus, A. innominatus, yProactinomyces asteroides.
    Abstract: Summary Before the modern definition of the genereActinomyces, Micromonospora andProacgtinomyces, a historical-critical review of Actinomycetes (ray-fungi), based on personal, present and past, researches, has been made. A modern, analytical key for all Families, Subfamilies and Genera of Actinomycetales Buchanan, has been furnished. Of particular-importance is the discussion on the reproductive bodies and on the general morphology, fundamental for the taxonomy of Actinomycetes. A few selected, most important species are accurately described (with sinonimy) and discussed from the historic-experimental points of view, namely:Actinomyces Bostroemi, A. albus, A. sulpureus, A. carneus, A. Madurae, A. viridis, A. melanosporeus, A. innominatus andProactinomyces asteroides.
    Notes: Riassunto L'autore, dopo una sintesi storico-critica sugli Actinomiceti, sulla base di proprie ricerche sperimentali recenti e passate, formula la diagnosi moderna dei generiActinomyces, Micromonospora, Proactinomyces, ecc. fornendo inoltre una moderna chiave sistematica per tutte le Famiglie, Sottofamiglie, e Generi degli Actinomycetales Buchanan. Di particolare importanza è la discussione sulla natura dei corpi riproduttivi degli Actinomiceti ed in genere sulla morfologia che sta a base della sistematica. Include la descrizione accurata di alcune delle principali specie, revisionate dal punto di vista storico-critico e sperimentale; queste specie sono provviste della completa sinonimia (Actinomyces Bostroemi, A. albus, A. sulpkureus, A. carneus, A. Madurae, A. viridis, A. melanosporeus, A. innominatus, Proactinomyces asieroides).
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    Die Mengeiden (Mengenillini) und die Phylogenie der Strepsipteren (1943)
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    Parasitology research 13 (1943), S. 62-101 
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    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Rhipicephalus aurantiacus Neumann und ähnliche Arten (1943)
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    Parasitology research 13 (1943), S. 102-117 
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    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Die Zecke Dermacentor marginatus Sulzer 1776, ihre Verbreitung, Lebensweise und Medizinische Bedeutung (1943)
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    Parasitology research 13 (1943), S. 118-146 
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    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Die Fischtrematoden der Gattung Asymphylodora Looss 1899 und verwandte (1943)
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    Parasitology research 13 (1943), S. 25-61 
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    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei der Untersuchung vonCypriniden des Kurischen Haffes wurden mehrere Arten der GattungAsymphylodora und zwei neue Arten einer neuen, mitAsymphylodora verwandten GattungPalaeorchis n. g. gefunden, eingehend beschrieben und abgebildet. Nach Aufstellung einer weiteren neuen GattungParasymphylodora n. g. werden diese drei Gattungen zu einer neuen UnterfamilieAsymphylodorinae n. uf. zusammengeschlossen und ihre verwandtschaftlichen Beziehungen zu weiteren Fischtrematoden-Unterfamilien, denProctotreminae Odhner 1911, denMonorchinae Odhner 1911, denZoogonidae Odhner 1911 und denHaploporinae Looss 1902 eingehend dargestellt. Unter Hinweis auf schon früher (1926) erhobene Befunde wird dargelegt, da\ die genannten Trematodengruppen lediglich als Unterfamilien der gro\en TrematodenfamilieLecithodendriidae aufzufassen sind, womit ein neuer Beweis für die von dem Autor vertretene Auffassung einerParallel-entwicklung der Trematoden mit ihren Wirten im Laufe der Phylogenie erbracht wird und die von W.Eichler aufgestellten Korrelationsregeln in der Stammesentwicklung von Wirten und Parasiten, die sog.Fahrenholz sche und dieSzidatsche Regel erneut bestätigt werden konnten. Von denAsymphylodorinae insbesondere kann angenommen werden, da\ sie, wie auch ihre Wirte (die Sü\wasserfischfamilieCyprinidae) ihr Entwicklungszentrum in Ostasien haben, wo wenige Trematodenarten dieser Gruppe noch lediglich familienspezifisch sind. Mit ihrer Ausbreitung nach dem Westteil des eurasischen Kontinents differenzieren sich Abkömmlinge dieser Trematodengruppe zu neuen Arten, die für bestimmte Wirtegattungs-, einige sogarartspezifisch werden. Die im Verlauf der Entwicklungszyklen der einzelnen Arten auftretenden Cercariaeen werden beschrieben und abgebildet und ihre Zugehörigkeit zu den einzelnen Arten bzw. Gattungen besprochen.
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    Rhipicephalus simus Koch und verwandte Arten (1943)
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    Parasitology research 13 (1943), S. 1-24 
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    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Zur Histophysiologie der Leydigschen Zwischenzellen des Rattenhodens (1943)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    Studien zur normalen und pathologischen Histologie vegetativer Ganglien. I (1943)
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    Details
    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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    ?Granula tannophila?, peroxydases, zone et complexus de Golgi des leucocytes neutrophiles Golgi-Evagination et ?Substance bronze? (1943)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0878
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 71
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    Der Einfluss von wasserl�slichen Vitaminen auf die durch Steroide und cancerogene Kohlenwasserstoffe in Gewebekulturen bewirkte Teilungsst�rung (1943)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
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  • 72
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    Die Beeinflussung der Wachstumshemmung der Feuerbohnenwurzel infolge Methyltestosteronsch�digung durch Vitamin C und B 1 (1943)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
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  • 73
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    �ber Volumenmessungen an Gewebezellen (1943)
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    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
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  • 74
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    Berichtigung (1943)
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    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
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  • 75
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    �ber die Kern-Plasma-Relation differenzierter Gewebezellen: Vorkommen und Gr�sse (1943)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
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  • 76
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    Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fibrill�ren Struktur des Hyalinknorpels, gewonnen am Bronchialknorpel des Kaninchens (1943)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 1943-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-766X
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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