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  • 1
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    Climate warming during Antarctic ice sheet expansion at the Middle Miocene transition (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature Geoscience, Nature Publishing Group, 7(5), pp. 376-381, ISSN: 1752-0894
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-14
    Beschreibung: During the Middle Miocene climate transition about 14 million years ago, the Antarctic ice sheet expanded to near-modern volume. Surprisingly, this ice sheet growth was accompanied by a warming in the surface waters of the Southern Ocean, whereas a slight deep-water temperature increase was delayed by more than 200 thousand years. Here we use a coupled atmosphere–ocean model to assess the relative effects of changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration and ice sheet growth on regional and global temperatures. In the simulations, changes in the wind field associated with the growth of the ice sheet induce changes in ocean circulation, deep-water formation and sea-ice cover that result in sea surface warming and deep-water cooling in large swaths of the Atlantic and Indian ocean sectors of the Southern Ocean. We interpret these changes as the dominant ocean surface response to a 100-thousand-year phase of massive ice growth in Antarctica. A rise in global annual mean temperatures is also seen in response to increased Antarctic ice surface elevation. In contrast, the longer-term surface and deep-water temperature trends are dominated by changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration. We therefore conclude that the climatic and oceanographic impacts of the Miocene expansion of the Antarctic ice sheet are governed by a complex interplay between wind field, ocean circulation and the sea-ice system.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 2
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    A shift of thermokarst lakes from carbon sources to sinks during the Holocene epoch (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature, Nature Publishing Group, ISSN: 0028-0836
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-17
    Beschreibung: Thermokarst lakes formed across vast regions of Siberia and Alaska during the last deglaciation and are thought to be a net source of atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide during the Holocene epoch1, 2, 3, 4. However, the same thermokarst lakes can also sequester carbon5, and it remains uncertain whether carbon uptake by thermokarst lakes can offset their greenhouse gas emissions. Here we use field observations of Siberian permafrost exposures, radiocarbon dating and spatial analyses to quantify Holocene carbon stocks and fluxes in lake sediments overlying thawed Pleistocene-aged permafrost. We find that carbon accumulation in deep thermokarst-lake sediments since the last deglaciation is about 1.6 times larger than the mass of Pleistocene-aged permafrost carbon released as greenhouse gases when the lakes first formed. Although methane and carbon dioxide emissions following thaw lead to immediate radiative warming, carbon uptake in peat-rich sediments occurs over millennial timescales. We assess thermokarst-lake carbon feedbacks to climate with an atmospheric perturbation model and find that thermokarst basins switched from a net radiative warming to a net cooling climate effect about 5,000 years ago. High rates of Holocene carbon accumulation in 20 lake sediments (47 ± 10 grams of carbon per square metre per year; mean ± standard error) were driven by thermokarst erosion and deposition of terrestrial organic matter, by nutrient release from thawing permafrost that stimulated lake productivity and by slow decomposition in cold, anoxic lake bottoms. When lakes eventually drained, permafrost formation rapidly sequestered sediment carbon. Our estimate of about 160 petagrams of Holocene organic carbon in deep lake basins of Siberia and Alaska increases the circumpolar peat carbon pool estimate for permafrost regions by over 50 per cent (ref. 6). The carbon in perennially frozen drained lake sediments may become vulnerable to mineralization as permafrost disappears7, 8, 9, potentially negating the climate stabilization provided by thermokarst lakes during the late Holocene.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    Abrupt glacial climate shifts controlled by ice sheet changes (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 512(7514), pp. 290-294, ISSN: 0028-0836
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-04
    Beschreibung: During glacial periods of the Late Pleistocene, an abundance of proxy data demonstrates the existence of large and repeated millennial-scale warming episodes, known as Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events1. This ubiquitous feature of rapid glacial climate change can be extended back as far as 800,000 years before present (BP) in the ice core record2, and has drawn broad attention within the science and policy-making communities alike3. Many studies have been dedicated to investigating the underlying causes of these changes, but no coherent mechanism has yet been identified3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. Here we show, by using a comprehensive fully coupled model16, that gradual changes in the height of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets (NHISs) can alter the coupled atmosphere–ocean system and cause rapid glacial climate shifts closely resembling DO events. The simulated global climate responses—including abrupt warming in the North Atlantic, a northward shift of the tropical rainbelts, and Southern Hemisphere cooling related to the bipolar seesaw—are generally consistent with empirical evidence1, 3, 17. As a result of the coexistence of two glacial ocean circulation states at intermediate heights of the ice sheets, minor changes in the height of the NHISs and the amount of atmospheric CO2 can trigger the rapid climate transitions via a local positive atmosphere–ocean–sea-ice feedback in the North Atlantic. Our results, although based on a single model, thus provide a coherent concept for understanding the recorded millennial-scale variability and abrupt climate changes in the coupled atmosphere–ocean system, as well as their linkages to the volume of the intermediate ice sheets during glacials.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 4
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    Ups and downs in western Crete (Hellenic subduction zone) (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Studies of past sea-level markers are commonly used to unveil the tectonic history and seismic behavior of subduction zones. We present new evidence on vertical motions of the Hellenic subduction zone as resulting from a suite of Late Pleistocene - Holocene shorelines in western Crete (Greece). Shoreline ages obtained by AMS radiocarbon dating of seashells, together with the reappraisal of shoreline ages from previous works, testify a long-term uplift rate of 2.5-2.7 mm/y. This average value, however, includes periods in which the vertical motions vary significantly: 2.6-3.2 mm/y subsidence rate from 42 ka to 23 ka, followed by ~7.7 mm/y sustained uplift rate from 23 ka to present. The last ~5 ky shows a relatively slower uplift rate of 3.0-3.3 mm/y, yet slightly higher than the long-term average. A preliminary tectonic model attempts at explaining these up and down motions by across-strike partitioning of fault activity in the subduction zone.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 5677
    Beschreibung: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): coastal geomorphology ; tectonic rates ; paleoshorelines ; subduction ; Crete ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Lava flow hazards at Mount Etna: constraints imposed by eruptive history and numerical simulations (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Improving lava flow hazard assessment is one of the most important and challenging fields of volcanology, and has an immediate and practical impact on society. Here, we present a methodology for the quantitative assessment of lava flow hazards based on a combination of field data, numerical simulations and probability analyses. With the extensive data available on historic eruptions of Mt. Etna, going back over 2000 years, it has been possible to construct two hazard maps, one for flank and the other for summit eruptions, allowing a quantitative analysis of the most likely future courses of lava flows. The effective use of hazard maps of Etna may help in minimizing the damage from volcanic eruptions through correct land use in densely urbanized area with a population of almost one million people. Although this study was conducted on Mt. Etna, the approach used is designed to be applicable to other volcanic areas.
    Beschreibung: This work was developed within the framework of TecnoLab, the Laboratory for Technological Advance in Volcano Geophysics organized by INGV-CT, DIEES-UNICT, and DMI-UNICT.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 3493
    Beschreibung: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Beschreibung: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Beschreibung: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Beschreibung: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Beschreibung: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Beschreibung: 3IT. Calcolo scientifico e sistemi informatici
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Lava flow hazard ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Minimal change in Antarctic Circumpolar Current flow speed between the last glacial and Holocene (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature Geoscience, Nature Publishing Group, 7(2), pp. 113-116, ISSN: 1752-0894
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-08-10
    Beschreibung: The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is key to the mixing and ventilation of the world’s oceans1, 2, 3, 4, 5. This current flows from west to east between about 45° and 70° S (refs 1, 2, 3) connecting the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, and is driven by westerly winds and buoyancy forcing. High levels of productivity in the current regulate atmospheric CO2 concentrations6. Reconstructions of the current during the last glacial period suggest that flow speeds were faster7 or similar8 to present, and it is uncertain whether the strength and position of the westerly winds changed9, 10, 11. Here we reconstruct Antarctic Circumpolar Current bottom speeds through the constricting Drake Passage and Scotia Sea during the Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene based on the mean grain size of sortable silt from a suite of sediment cores. We find essentially no change in bottom flow speeds through the region, and, given that the momentum imparted by winds, and modulated by sea-ice cover, is balanced by the interaction of these flows with the seabed, this argues against substantial changes in wind stress. However, glacial flow speeds in the sea-ice zone12 south of 56° S were significantly slower than present, whereas flow in the north was faster, but not significantly so. We suggest that slower flow over the rough topography south of 56° S may have reduced diapycnal mixing in this region during the last glacial period, possibly reducing the diapycnal contribution to the Southern Ocean overturning circulation.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 7
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    Networks from Flows - From Dynamics to Topology (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 4(4119), ISSN: 2045-2322
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Beschreibung: Complex network approaches have recently been applied to continuous spatial dynamical systems, like climate, successfully uncovering the system's interaction structure. However the relationship between the underlying atmospheric or oceanic flow's dynamics and the estimated network measures have remained largely unclear. We bridge this crucial gap in a bottom-up approach and define a continuous analytical analogue of Pearson correlation networks for advection-diffusion dynamics on a background flow. Analysing complex networks of prototypical flows and from time series data of the equatorial Pacific, we find that our analytical model reproduces the most salient features of these networks and thus provides a general foundation of climate networks. The relationships we obtain between velocity field and network measures show that line-like structures of high betweenness mark transition zones in the flow rather than, as previously thought, the propagation of dynamical information.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 8
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    Identification of photosynthetic plankton communities using sedimentary ancient DNA and their response to late-Holocene climate change on the Tibetan Plateau (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014]. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 4 (2014): 6648, doi:10.1038/srep06648.
    Beschreibung: Sediments from Tibetan lakes in NW China are potentially sensitive recorders of climate change and its impact on ecosystem function. However, the important plankton members in many Tibetan Lakes do not make and leave microscopically diagnostic features in the sedimentary record. Here we established a taxon-specific molecular approach to specifically identify and quantify sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) of non-fossilized planktonic organisms preserved in a 5-m sediment core from Kusai Lake spanning the last 3100 years. The reliability of the approach was validated with multiple independent genetic markers. Parallel analyses of the geochemistry of the core and paleo-climate proxies revealed that Monsoon strength-driven changes in nutrient availability, temperature, and salinity as well as orbitally-driven changes in light intensity were all responsible for the observed temporal changes in the abundance of two dominant phytoplankton groups in the lake, Synechococcus (cyanobacteria) and Isochrysis (haptophyte algae). Collectively our data show that global and regional climatic events exhibited a strong influence on the paleoecology of phototrophic plankton in Kusai Lake.
    Beschreibung: This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41030211 and 41302022), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB808800), and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Nos GBL11410 and GBL11201).
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  • 9
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    Permafrost thawing as a possible source of abrupt carbon release at the onset of the Bølling/Allerød (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 5, pp. 5520, ISSN: 2041-1723
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-13
    Beschreibung: One of the most abrupt and yet unexplained past rises in atmospheric CO2 (〉10 p.p.m.v. in two centuries) occurred in quasi-synchrony with abrupt northern hemispheric warming into the Bølling/Allerød, ~14,600 years ago. Here we use a U/Th-dated record of atmospheric Δ14C from Tahiti corals to provide an independent and precise age control for this CO2 rise. We also use model simulations to show that the release of old (nearly 14C-free) carbon can explain these changes in CO2 and Δ14C. The Δ14C record provides an independent constraint on the amount of carbon released (~125 Pg C). We suggest, in line with observations of atmospheric CH4 and terrigenous biomarkers, that thawing permafrost in high northern latitudes could have been the source of carbon, possibly with contribution from flooding of the Siberian continental shelf during meltwater pulse 1A. Our findings highlight the potential of the permafrost carbon reservoir to modulate abrupt climate changes via greenhouse-gas feedbacks.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 10
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    Antarctic-wide array of high-resolution ice core records reveals pervasive lead pollution began in 1889 and persists today (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 4, pp. 5848, ISSN: 2045-2322
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-17
    Beschreibung: Interior Antarctica is among the most remote places on Earth and was thought to be beyond the reach of human impacts when Amundsen and Scott raced to the South Pole in 1911. Here we show detailed measurements from an extensive array of 16 ice cores quantifying substantial toxic heavy metal lead pollution at South Pole and throughout Antarctica by 1889 – beating polar explorers by more than 22 years. Unlike the Arctic where lead pollution peaked in the 1970s, lead pollution in Antarctica was as high in the early 20th century as at any time since industrialization. The similar timing and magnitude of changes in lead deposition across Antarctica, as well as the characteristic isotopic signature of Broken Hill lead found throughout the continent, suggest that this single emission source in southern Australia was responsible for the introduction of lead pollution into Antarctica at the end of the 19th century and remains a significant source today. An estimated 660 t of industrial lead have been deposited over Antarctica during the past 130 years as a result of mid-latitude industrial emissions, with regional-to-global scale circulation likely modulating aerosol concentrations. Despite abatement efforts, significant lead pollution in Antarctica persists into the 21st century.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 11
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    Virtual finger boosts three-dimensional imaging and microsurgery as well as terabyte volume image visualization and analysis (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Nature Communications 5 (2014): 4342, doi:10.1038/ncomms5342.
    Beschreibung: Three-dimensional (3D) bioimaging, visualization and data analysis are in strong need of powerful 3D exploration techniques. We develop virtual finger (VF) to generate 3D curves, points and regions-of-interest in the 3D space of a volumetric image with a single finger operation, such as a computer mouse stroke, or click or zoom from the 2D-projection plane of an image as visualized with a computer. VF provides efficient methods for acquisition, visualization and analysis of 3D images for roundworm, fruitfly, dragonfly, mouse, rat and human. Specifically, VF enables instant 3D optical zoom-in imaging, 3D free-form optical microsurgery, and 3D visualization and annotation of terabytes of whole-brain image volumes. VF also leads to orders of magnitude better efficiency of automated 3D reconstruction of neurons and similar biostructures over our previous systems. We use VF to generate from images of 1,107 Drosophila GAL4 lines a projectome of a Drosophila brain.
    Beschreibung: This work was mainly supported by Howard Hughes Medical Institute. H.P. is currently supported by the Allen Institute for Brain Science. R.W.T. and A.M. were supported by a grant MH071739 (MERIT).
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 12
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    Eruption of a deep-sea mud volcano triggers rapid sediment movement (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Nature Communications 5 (2014): 5385, doi:10.1038/ncomms6385.
    Beschreibung: Submarine mud volcanoes are important sources of methane to the water column. However, the temporal variability of their mud and methane emissions is unknown. Methane emissions were previously proposed to result from a dynamic equilibrium between upward migration and consumption at the seabed by methane-consuming microbes. Here we show non-steady-state situations of vigorous mud movement that are revealed through variations in fluid flow, seabed temperature and seafloor bathymetry. Time series data for pressure, temperature, pH and seafloor photography were collected over 431 days using a benthic observatory at the active Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano. We documented 25 pulses of hot subsurface fluids, accompanied by eruptions that changed the landscape of the mud volcano. Four major events triggered rapid sediment uplift of more than a metre in height, substantial lateral flow of muds at average velocities of 0.4 m per day, and significant emissions of methane and CO2 from the seafloor.
    Beschreibung: Participation of the Sentry AUV and TETHYS team from WHOI was funded by the Arctic Research Initiative of WHOI’s Ocean and Climate Change Institute and the NASA ASTEP grant NNX09AB76G. Additional funds were made available by the AWI, the Max Planck Society and the DFG METEOR/MERIAN programme, as well as the Leibniz programme to A.B.
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  • 13
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    Intensification of the meridional temperature gradient in the Great Barrier Reef following the Last Glacial Maximum (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Nature Communications 5 (2014): 4102, doi:10.1038/ncomms5102.
    Beschreibung: Tropical south-western Pacific temperatures are of vital importance to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), but the role of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the growth of the GBR since the Last Glacial Maximum remains largely unknown. Here we present records of Sr/Ca and δ18O for Last Glacial Maximum and deglacial corals that show a considerably steeper meridional SST gradient than the present day in the central GBR. We find a 1–2 °C larger temperature decrease between 17° and 20°S about 20,000 to 13,000 years ago. The result is best explained by the northward expansion of cooler subtropical waters due to a weakening of the South Pacific gyre and East Australian Current. Our findings indicate that the GBR experienced substantial meridional temperature change during the last deglaciation, and serve to explain anomalous deglacial drying of northeastern Australia. Overall, the GBR developed through significant SST change and may be more resilient than previously thought.
    Beschreibung: Funding was provided by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (FE 615/4-1), Australian Research Council (Discovery grant DP1094001), Australia and New Zealand IODP Consortium, Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Natural Environmental Research Council (NE/H014136/1, NE/H014268/1), the Cooperative Research Program of the Center for Advanced Marine Core Research (10B039, 11A013, 11B041), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India (with partial support from DST & ISRO-GBP) and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS NEXT-GR031).
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  • 14
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    Counting whales in a challenging, changing environment (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 4 (2014): 4170, doi:10.1038/srep04170.
    Beschreibung: Estimating abundance of Antarctic minke whales is central to the International Whaling Commission's conservation and management work and understanding impacts of climate change on polar marine ecosystems. Detecting abundance trends is problematic, in part because minke whales are frequently sighted within Antarctic sea ice where navigational safety concerns prevent ships from surveying. Using icebreaker-supported helicopters, we conducted aerial surveys across a gradient of ice conditions to estimate minke whale density in the Weddell Sea. The surveys revealed substantial numbers of whales inside the sea ice. The Antarctic summer sea ice is undergoing rapid regional change in annual extent, distribution, and length of ice-covered season. These trends, along with substantial interannual variability in ice conditions, affect the proportion of whales available to be counted by traditional shipboard surveys. The strong association between whales and the dynamic, changing sea ice requires reexamination of the power to detect trends in whale abundance or predict ecosystem responses to climate change.
    Beschreibung: This work received funding from the following institutions: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI); Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (EL & I); German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV); German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU); the Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (Wageningen IMARES); Johann Heinrich von Thu¨nen Institute (Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries); the Netherlands Polar Programme (NPP) of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NOW); Research and Technology Centre Westcoast (FTZ) of the University Kiel. RW was funded by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (proposal Nu 253407 (call reference: FP7- PEOPLE-2009-IIF).
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  • 15
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    MIxS-BE : a MIxS extension defining a minimum information standard for sequence data from the built environment (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2013. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in ISME Journal 8 (2014): 1-3, doi:10.1038/ismej.2013.176.
    Beschreibung: The need for metadata standards for microbe sampling in the built environment.
    Beschreibung: We would like to thank the Alfred P Sloan Foundation grant FP047325-01-PR for support for this project.
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  • 16
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    A reversal of fortunes : climate change ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ in Antarctic Peninsula penguins (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 4 (2014): 5024, doi:10.1038/srep05024.
    Beschreibung: Climate change is a major threat to global biodiversity. Antarctic ecosystems are no exception. Investigating past species responses to climatic events can distinguish natural from anthropogenic impacts. Climate change produces ‘winners’, species that benefit from these events and ‘losers’, species that decline or become extinct. Using molecular techniques, we assess the demographic history and population structure of Pygoscelis penguins in the Scotia Arc related to climate warming after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). All three pygoscelid penguins responded positively to post-LGM warming by expanding from glacial refugia, with those breeding at higher latitudes expanding most. Northern (Pygoscelis papua papua) and Southern (Pygoscelis papua ellsworthii) gentoo sub-species likely diverged during the LGM. Comparing historical responses with the literature on current trends, we see Southern gentoo penguins are responding to current warming as they did during post-LGM warming, expanding their range southwards. Conversely, Adélie and chinstrap penguins are experiencing a ‘reversal of fortunes’ as they are now declining in the Antarctic Peninsula, the opposite of their response to post-LGM warming. This suggests current climate warming has decoupled historic population responses in the Antarctic Peninsula, favoring generalist gentoo penguins as climate change ‘winners’, while Adélie and chinstrap penguins have become climate change ‘losers’.
    Beschreibung: We thank the Zoological Society of London, Quark Expeditions, Exodus Travels ltd., Oceanites, the Holly Hill Charitable Trust, the Charities Advisory Trust and an U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Office of Polar Programs grant (ANT-0739575) for funding.
    Schlagwort(e): Climate-change ecology ; Molecular ecology ; Molecular evolution ; Population genetics
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  • 17
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    Horizontal eddy energy flux in the world oceans diagnosed from altimetry data (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 4 (2014): 5316, doi:10.1038/srep05316.
    Beschreibung: During the propagation of coherent mesoscale eddies, they directly or indirectly induce many effects and interactions at different scales, implying eddies are actually serving as a kind of energy carrier or energy source for these eddy-related dynamic processes. To quantify this dynamically significant energy flow, the multi-year averaged horizontal eddy energy fluxes (EEFs) were estimated by using satellite altimetry data and a two-layer model based on hydrographic climatology. There is a strong net westward transport of eddy energy estimated at the mean value of ~13.3 GW north of 5°N and ~14.6 GW at the band 5°S ~ 44°S in the Southern Hemisphere. However, poleward of 44°S east-propagating eddies carry their energy eastward with an averaged net flux of ~3.2 GW. If confirmed, it would signify that geostrophic eddies not only contain the most of oceanic kinetic energy (KE), but also carry and spread a significant amount of energy with them.
    Beschreibung: This study is supported by Grants XDA11010202, 2011CB403505, 2013CB430303; Projects 41306016, U1033002, 40976021 of NNSFC and LTOZZ1304.
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  • 18
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    Oceanography : oxygen and climate dynamics (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Nature Publishing Group for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Nature Climate Change 4 (2014): 862-863, doi:10.1038/nclimate2386.
    Beschreibung: Low oxygen levels in tropical oceans shape marine ecosystems and biogeochemistry with climate change expected to expand these regions. Now, a study indicates that regional dynamics control tropical oxygen trends, bucking projected global reductions in ocean oxygen.
    Beschreibung: 2015-03-25
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Preprint
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  • 19
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    Extreme diving behaviour in devil rays links surface waters and the deep ocean (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Nature Communications 5 (2014): 4274, doi:10.1038/ncomms5274.
    Beschreibung: Ecological connections between surface waters and the deep ocean remain poorly studied despite the high biomass of fishes and squids residing at depths beyond the euphotic zone. These animals likely support pelagic food webs containing a suite of predators that include commercially important fishes and marine mammals. Here we deploy pop-up satellite archival transmitting tags on 15 Chilean devil rays (Mobula tarapacana) in the central North Atlantic Ocean, which provide movement patterns of individuals for up to 9 months. Devil rays were considered surface dwellers but our data reveal individuals descending at speeds up to 6.0 m s−1 to depths of almost 2,000 m and water temperatures 〈4 °C. The shape of the dive profiles suggests that the rays are foraging at these depths in deep scattering layers. Our results provide evidence of an important link between predators in the surface ocean and forage species occupying pelagic habitats below the euphotic zone in ocean ecosystems.
    Beschreibung: This research was partially supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology/Ministry of Education and Science (FCT/MCTES-MEC) through individual support to P.A. (Cieˆncia 2008/POPH/QREN) and J.F. (SFRH/BPD/66532/2009) and the LARSyS Strategic Project (PEst/OE/EEI/LA00009/2011). This study was support by the US National Science Foundation (OCE 0825148 to S.R.T. and G.B.S.), The Harrison Foundation, Rodney and Elizabeth Berens, the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (baseline research funds to M.L.B.) and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
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  • 20
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    Antarctic-wide array of high-resolution ice core records reveals pervasive lead pollution began in 1889 and persists today (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 4 (2014): 5848, doi:10.1038/srep05848.
    Beschreibung: Interior Antarctica is among the most remote places on Earth and was thought to be beyond the reach of human impacts when Amundsen and Scott raced to the South Pole in 1911. Here we show detailed measurements from an extensive array of 16 ice cores quantifying substantial toxic heavy metal lead pollution at South Pole and throughout Antarctica by 1889 – beating polar explorers by more than 22 years. Unlike the Arctic where lead pollution peaked in the 1970s, lead pollution in Antarctica was as high in the early 20th century as at any time since industrialization. The similar timing and magnitude of changes in lead deposition across Antarctica, as well as the characteristic isotopic signature of Broken Hill lead found throughout the continent, suggest that this single emission source in southern Australia was responsible for the introduction of lead pollution into Antarctica at the end of the 19th century and remains a significant source today. An estimated 660 t of industrial lead have been deposited over Antarctica during the past 130 years as a result of mid-latitude industrial emissions, with regional-to-global scale circulation likely modulating aerosol concentrations. Despite abatement efforts, significant lead pollution in Antarctica persists into the 21st century.
    Beschreibung: This work primarily was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation Division of Polar Programs (research grants 9903744, 0538427, 0538416, 0968391, 1142166, 0632031; instrument grants 0216552, 0421412).
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  • 21
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    How unique was Hurricane Sandy? Sedimentary reconstructions of extreme flooding from New York Harbor (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-26
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Scientific Reports 4 (2014): 7366, doi:10.1038/srep07366.
    Beschreibung: The magnitude of flooding in New York City by Hurricane Sandy is commonly believed to be extremely rare, with estimated return periods near or greater than 1000 years. However, the brevity of tide gauge records result in significant uncertainties when estimating the uniqueness of such an event. Here we compare resultant deposition by Hurricane Sandy to earlier storm-induced flood layers in order to extend records of flooding to the city beyond the instrumental dataset. Inversely modeled storm conditions from grain size trends show that a more compact yet more intense hurricane in 1821 CE probably resulted in a similar storm tide and a significantly larger storm surge. Our results indicate the occurrence of additional flood events like Hurricane Sandy in recent centuries, and highlight the inadequacies of the instrumental record in estimating current flood risk by such extreme events.
    Beschreibung: Funding for this work was provided by the Hudson River Foundation Expedited Grant #004/12E, the Hudson River Foundation Graduate Fellowship 02–13, the National Science Foundation (RAPID grant #1313859 and instrument and facility support via grant IF-0949313), and the Dalio Explore Fund.
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Retinal physiology: A foot in the vitreous fluid (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 113-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] A PAPER by Newman on page 155 of this issue documents a striking property of the glial cells in the vertebrate retina: their membrane permeability, which is almost exclusively a permeability to potassium, is largely concentrated at the end which has membrane expansions ('endfeet') facing the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309113a0
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nature index of biotechnology stocks (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 107-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] 12-Month 12-Month Company Close Close Change high low previous 30 April month 14 101/2 Biogen (Switzerland) 13 U3/4 -2 VA 2 1% Bio-Logicals (Canada) 1% P/4 + % 14% 10 % Bio-Response (USA) 11 13% + 2% 14 10'/4 Cetus ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309107c0
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Indian symposium (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 108-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR ? We have read the news item in Nature (1 March p.6) regarding the inability of Israeli scientists to attend the VIIth International Biotechnology Symposium. To put the record straight, the organizers did everything possible to help the scientists from Israel to attend the symposium. In fact, ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309108b0
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Indian symposium (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 108-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR ? In Nature of 2 February (307, 408; 1984) you printed a letter from Dr J. Stefan Roken calling on scientists to boycott the International Biotechnology Symposium held in New Delhi in February, and calling for protests against the Indian Government for not permitting scientists from all ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309108c0
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    IOS closes lab (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 575-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] THE UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) has decided that there is a prima facie case for closing the Taunton site of the Institute of Ocanographie Sciences (IOS), which carries out research in sedimentation and applied wave mechanics. The council's governing body was due this week to ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309575c0
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correction (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 575-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] THE limit for nitrogen oxides in ambient air proposed in the EEC directive (Nature 308, 309; 1984) should have read 200 gnr3 not ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309575d0
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mercury pollution: Dry battery alarm in Japan (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 576-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Tokyo A PAIR of headphones and a portable cassette player have become pretty much standard street wear for young Tokyoites, but they are creating a new problem for the Japanese Government how to dispose safely of the batteries that power them. Alkaline-manganese batteries have been favoured ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309576a0
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Radioactive waste: Mongolian alarm at China's plan (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 576-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] CHINESE plans to act as a "nuclear dustbin" for Western countries have provoked a sharp reaction in the neighbouring Mongolian People's Republic. Alarm was crystallized last month in a formal interview, organized by the Soviet news agency TASS and its Mongolian equivalent Mont same, with a ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309576b0
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Moscow visit off (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 576-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Washington AMID continuing uncertainty about the health of Soviet physicist Andrei Sakharov and his wife Yelena Bonner, the US National Academy of Sciences confirmed last week that its president had postponed plans to visit the Soviet Union to reestablish formal links with the Soviet Academy of ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309576c0
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nuclear winter: ICSU project hunts for data (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 577-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] AN urgent call for information on the consequences of large ground-based fires for the atmosphere of the Earth has gone out from the workshop held in Leningrad between 14 and 16 May on the climatic and biological consequences of nuclear war. The meeting is part of the programme by which the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309577a0
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    AIDS development: NIH to license HTLV (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 577-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Washington THE companies selected by the US federal government to manufacture a blood test for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are expected to be announced this week. A scientific panel has already met to review the 20 or so proposals received in response to an announcement in the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309577b0
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nature index of biotechnology stocks (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 577-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] 12-Month 12-Month Company Close Close Change high low previous 31 May month 14 8 Biogen (Switzerland) IP/4 9 -23/4 2 1% Bio-Logicals (Canada) P/4 l'/2 -Vi 14% g Bio-Response (USA) 13 V 8% -4l/4 14 10 Cetus (USA) 121/4 10!/4 -2 10% 5 Collaborative Research (USA) 7 5% -I5/ 19% 11 ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309577c0
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Science in India (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 578-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR You are, of course, right in saying that all is not well in India's Science. But great strides have been made. As our Prime Minister declared during a White House reception, India is engaged in the stupendous task of moving hundreds of millions of people into the twentieth century. Against ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309578b0
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Science in India (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 578-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR The key to considering science and technology in India lies in recognizing that India is trying to go through three revolutions simultaneously the agricultural (still incomplete), industrial and computer revolutions with a government that is democratic, a population less than half of which ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309578a0
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Science in India (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 578-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR Readers of your survey are likely to conclude that most of what is good and worthy of its name in Indian science is so because (1 ) a director or a chairman or perhaps a minister knows and means his/her business; (2) they or their organizations have or at least had good overseas connections ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309578c0
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Science in India (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 578-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR Your special issue on India provides a comprehensive account of accomplishments, failures and problems of science in India. The introductory note to the survey, however, contains the erroneous figure of 2.5 per cent as the annual rate of India's current population growth. The registration of ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309578d0
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetics and hereditable IQ (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 579-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Is human intelligence genetically determined, environmentally conditioned or the product of both influences? Since the work of the late Cyril Burt was discredited some years ago, the ferocity seems to have gone out of the argument on this question that had been raging for close on half a century. ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309579a0
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetospheric flux erosion events are flux transfer events (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 135-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Over 20 years ago, Dungey8 suggested a model of the Earth's magnetosphere in which he proposed magnetic field reconnection as the major process coupling the magnetosphere to the solar wind and driving magnetospheric convection. Considerable indirect support for this model has subsequently been ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309135a0
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Flexure of the continental lithosphere beneath Apennine and Carpathian foredeep basins (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 142-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Location of the transects across the Apennine and Carpathian thrust belts (dark lines). The Apennine and outer Carpathian thrust belts are indicated by shading and the approximate position of the thrust fronts are indicated by dark barbed lines. The light continuous line represents the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309142a0
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rheumatoid arthritis: Another viral candidate (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 582-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] DEVOTEES of the school that believes an occult virus is responsible for the induction of rheumatoid arthritis will have welcomed a recent article summarizing a three-year collaborative study undertaken in three USA centres on the identification of par-vovirus-like particles in synovial tissue from ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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    Digitale Medien
    100 years ago (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 582-582 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] PILE-DWELLINGS ON HILLTOPS AMONG the Miris, Singphus, Kamtis, Nogas, Mismis, and Deodhains that I have questioned as to the origin of the custom of building on piles, the answer is invariably that they do not know, that it is their tribal custom, &c. Pressed as to the advantages of it, or why ...
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  • 43
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    Digitale Medien
    Catalysis: Zeolites under control (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 583-583 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] ON page 589 of this issue of Nature, Haag et al. report a very nice example of the way in which zeolites can be used in the controlled catalysis of hydrocarbon cracking, which is best seen in the context of John Dwyer's brief but comprehensive overview of zeolites as acid catalysts in the 2 April ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309583a0
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  • 44
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    Digitale Medien
    Immunology: T-cell development in the thymus (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 583-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] MUCH of the development of T lymphocytes takes place in the thymus, away from the melee in bone marrow where B lymphocytes and other haematopoietic cells differentiate side by side. What is the purpose of this convenient packaging? Is the thymus an inductive environment for switching the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309583b0
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  • 45
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    Digitale Medien
    Earth science: Anomalous satellite motion and mantle viscosity (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 584-585 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] FOR many years geodesists have examined evidence for the temporal changes in the Earth's global shape and gravity field. Confirmation that such changes occur on time scales of at least several years has now emerged from the observation of a secular acceleration O of the node O of the orbit of the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309584a0
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oncogene activation: Message of myc in context (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 585-587 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] THERE are two reasons for the exceptional concentration of research on the cellular myc proto-oncogene (c-myc). The first is historical. The chromosomal translocations characteristic of Burkitt's lym-phomas transfer c-myc from its normal context into an active immunoglobulin locus1, where it was ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309585a0
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Archaeopteryx palaeontological myopia (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 588-588 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR - Howgate1 criticizes our interpretations2'3 of the homologies and morphology of the Archaeopteryx manus by distorting and misrepresenting our viewpoints. Palaeontologists have identified the digits of theropods, Archaeopteryx and birds as digits 1-2-3 of the primitive reptilian hand whereas ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309588a0
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  • 48
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    Digitale Medien
    Evolutionary unease? (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 588-588 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR - Peter Fellgett raises an interesting suggestion1 that the study of cybernetic feedback loops throws light on the redundant (multiple copy) nature of functional genes and hence places the evolution of this phenomenon within the rubric of Darwinian natural selection. His proposition is that ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309588b0
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The active site of acidic aluminosilicate catalysts (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 589-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The availability of solid acidic catalysts based on zeolite ZSM-5 make possible observations on the nature and the absolute rate behaviour of the individual protonic sites. Tetrahedral aluminium atoms are the highly reactive ingredients, even at levels of parts per million, or less. Turnover ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309589a0
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  • 50
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    Digitale Medien
    Observational lower mass limit for black hole formation derived from massive X-ray binaries (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 598-600 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] From the optical mass function of LMC X-3 (2.3 M), the absence of X-ray eclipses, in combination with the observed spectral type and absolute visual magnitude of the B-type companion, Paczynski2 derived a lower limit to the mass of the B-star of 9.0 (6.0 M), that is 5=3.0 M0. By comparing the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309598a0
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  • 51
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    Digitale Medien
    Books Received (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 189-190 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Mathematics Advances in Fuzzy Sets, Possibility Theory, and Applications. P.P. WANG (d.). Plenum: 1983. Pp.42L IBN 0-306-41390-6. $55. A Biologist's Basic Mathematics. By D.R. CAUSTON.Edward Arnold: 1983. Pp.216. PbklSBN 0-7131-2879-8. £7.50. Developments in Statistics, Vol. 4. P.R. ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309189a0
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  • 52
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    Digitale Medien
    Star wars: Pre-election Congress turning sour (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 3-3 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Washington THE militarization of space may yet become a significant issue in November's presidential election in the United States. For the first time, Mr Walter Mondale, the Democratic front-runner, last week promised to order a freeze on space weapons if he is elected President. In Congress, ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309003a0
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  • 53
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    Digitale Medien
    Genetic engineering: Genentech claims factor VIII (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 3-3 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] ONE of genetic engineering's glittering prizes was claimed last week by Genentech Inc., the San Francisco-based biotechnology company, working in collaboration with the Haemophilia Centre at the Royal Free Hospital Medical School, London, and Speywood Laboratories in Wales. The human blood protein ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309003b0
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  • 54
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    Digitale Medien
    Chinese nuclear industry: Advance on broad front (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 5-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] DISCUSSIONS on a possible 20,000 million deal in nuclear technology were a major feature of President Reagan's visit to China last month. Coincidentally, the President's visit came shortly after the second national congress of the Chinese Nuclear Society, which reviewed the current state of Chinese ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309005b0
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  • 55
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    Digitale Medien
    Radioactive atolls: Bikini Islanders sue United States (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 6-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Washington THE inhabitants of Bikini Island, which was used for 23 above-ground nuclear tests between 1946 and 1958, are suing the US Government in an attempt to force a cleanup of their homeland. The 167 residents of the island left at the request of the US military and have since been shifted ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309006b0
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  • 56
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    Digitale Medien
    Unesco: Looking for signs of change (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 7-7 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] FURTHER signs of the response of Unesco (the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) to the discontent of some member states should become apparent next week, at the meeting of the organization's executive board arranged for 9-23 May. Those participating in the meeting ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309007b0
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  • 57
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    Digitale Medien
    Amersham International: Academic symbiosis flourishes (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 9-9 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] To sponsor a fellowship at the University of Cambridge, in a department (biochemistry) run by a knight (Sir Hans Kornberg) who is also master of a Cambridge college (Christ's), as Amersham International is about to do, may seem slightly odd for a company that thinks of itself as an adventurous ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309009a0
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  • 58
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    Digitale Medien
    Only correct (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 10-10 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR ? Two errors are becoming commoner in scientific writings. (1) The word "only" is being shifted forward, away from the word it modifies. Note the differences among the following: "Only I saw the white shark" (no-one else was on deck). "I only saw the white shark" (I didn't actually catch it). ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309010f0
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  • 59
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    Digitale Medien
    100 years ago (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 13-13 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] IN a crowded house on Tuesday last the Convocation of the University of Oxford passed the much-debated statute allowing women to enter for "certain of the honour examinations of the University." The statute has been opposed on very different grounds. The old Conservative Oxford School (fast ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309013a0
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  • 60
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    Digitale Medien
    Isotope studies of insular phosphates explain atoll phosphatization (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 614-617 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] In the expectation that the oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of CO2 sources of structural carbonate in apatite may leave a characteristic fingerprint of the depositional environment9?10, we have initiated an exploratory study of oxygen and carbon isotope abundances of insular phosphates from ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309614a0
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Emplacement and cooling of komatiite lavas (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 19-22 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] We propose that komatiite lavas were emplaced as turbulent flows, accompanied by vigorous forced convection with cooling rates often in excess of hundreds of °C h−1. They melted and assimilated up to 10% of the ground over which they flowed, forming deep channels. Nickel ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309019a0
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  • 62
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    Digitale Medien
    Heredity and familial environment in intelligence and educational level—a sibling study (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 620-622 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] From a Danish adoption register4'5 we have identified four groups of sibling pairs. The first three groups comprise genetically related pairs who were adopted and reared apart in separate families: full siblings reared apart (FA, 34 pairs), maternal half-siblings reared apart (MA, 52 pairs) and ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309620a0
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Vertical disparity pooling and the induced effect (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 622-623 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The computational theory of binocular vision2^, which demonstrates how vertical disparities can be used to discover the distance to the fixation point (d) and the angle of gaze (g) with which the fixation point is being viewed, is introduced in rf. 5. One prediction of the theory is that vertical ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309622a0
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  • 64
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    Digitale Medien
    Antibodies to heavy neurofilament subunit detect a subpopulation of damaged ganglion cells in retina (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 624-626 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Neurones respond to axonal injury with the retrograde cell reaction0chromatolysis and displacement of the nucleus which may be followed by recovery, or, for centrally projecting neurones in mammals, often by degeneration of the entire cell7'8. Lesions of optic axons cause retrograde degeneration of ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309624a0
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  • 65
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    Digitale Medien
    Amplification of specific DNA sequences correlates with multi-drug resistance in Chinese hamster cells (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 626-628 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Table 1 Multi-drug rsistance and 1.1-kb fragment amplification in different cell lines Degree of 1.1-kb Cell line V79 Relative resistance to: Adriamycin Colcemid 1 1 fragment amplification 1 77A 5 7 5 LZ 3,000 436 60 LZ revertant 7 10 CHO Aux Bl . 1 1 1 C5 150 280 20 Isolation and ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309626a0
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  • 66
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    Digitale Medien
    Bone marrow cells give rise to distinct cell clones within the thymus (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 629-631 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] While analysing thymic repopulation in allogeneic bone marrow chimaeras we noted one chimaera16in which the allogeneic bone marrow cells differed from the host for both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encoded antigens and Thy-1 typethat showed one lobe of the thymus entirely reconstituted ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309629a0
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  • 67
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    Digitale Medien
    Accumulation of a heat shock-like protein during differentiation of human erythroid cell line K562 (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 631-633 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The total protein composition and rates of protein synthesis before and after haemin induction of K562 cells were examined (Fig. 1). After 40 h of incubation with 25 ? haemin, approximately 95% of the K562 cells stained positively with benzidine. The two-dimensional electrophoretic analyses (Fig. ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309631a0
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  • 68
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    Digitale Medien
    Glycoprotein C of herpes simplex virus 1 acts as a receptor for the C3b complement component on infected cells (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 633-635 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Figure la shows the binding of C3b-coated erythrocytes to HSV-1 infected endothelial cells by light microscopy. Rosettes (〉4 erythrocytes per endothelial cell) were found with 70% of infected endothelial cells: no rosettes formed around uninfected cells, nor around infected cells incubated with ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309633a0
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  • 69
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    Digitale Medien
    Ultrabithorax mutations map to distant sites within the bithorax complex of Drosophila (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 635-637 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Three Ubx mutations have previously been mapped by genetic recombination. All were found to lie at or close to the right-hand end of the Ubx unit defined by chromosome rearrangements1'7'8. When the DNA of these and other Ubx 'point' alleles was examined, four apparently point Ubx mutations were ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309635a0
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  • 70
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    Digitale Medien
    Xenopus oocytes can secrete bacterial β -lactamase (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 637-639 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] We have chosen the b-lactamase encoded by the Escherichia coli plasmid pBR322 as a model for a prokaryotic secretory protein and Xenopus oocytes as eukaryotic test cells. /3-Lactamase is the major protein secreted into the periplasm of E. coli cells carrying pBR322 and inactivates ampicillin, thus ...
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  • 71
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    Sexual preference of apparent gene conversion events in MHC genes of mice (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 639-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The existing H-2 mutants were originally identified by circular skin-grafting experiments among sibling mice7'8. This system of mutants is notable because: (1) the rate of observed mutation is very high, about 1 in 2,500; (2) individual mutational events result in multiple amino acid substitutions; ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309639a0
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  • 72
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    Digitale Medien
    Nonspecific integration of the HTLV provirus genome into adult T-cell leukaemia cells (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 640-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] As previously reported, the leukaemic cells of most ATL patients contain one or two copies of HTLV provirus4'11, but the size of the coRI-digested DNA fragment containing the provirus and cellular flanking sequences differs between individuals, suggesting that the integration sites of the HTLV ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309640a0
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  • 73
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    Digitale Medien
    Yeasts and industry (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 644-645 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] IN 1970, Dr G.R. Fink offered the advice that "biochemists as well as geneticists should use only S288C or 'isogenic' Saccharomyces strains in their investigations. Regrettably, this has not been the rule in the past". True, the principal yeast of industrial importance is 5. cerevisiae. However, ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309644b0
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  • 74
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    Digitale Medien
    Father, mother and son (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 643-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] H.G. Wells: Aspects of a Life opens bizar-rely not with the birth of its subject but the birth of the biographer Anthony West, Wells's illegitimate son. At first startling, this emerges as rather appropriate, since, for most of the book, West's technique is to superimpose his own situation upon ...
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  • 75
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    Digitale Medien
    Processes of natural waters (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 644-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] THE study of chemical processes in natural waters tends to be pursued in compartments oceans, lakes, rivers, ground-waters and so on. One reason for this lies in the large differences between such environments regarding the spatial and temporal frameworks within which geochemical processes can ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 76
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    Digitale Medien
    Junior prometheans (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 645-646 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] IN King Arthur's legendary domain, the Knights of the Round Table slew dragons and rescued fair maidens; only the pure of heart could hope to glimpse the Holy Grail. Heppenheimer likens the quest for controlled fusion to such an enterprise, but one pursued by more fallible human beings. In a ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309645a0
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  • 77
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    Digitale Medien
    A different sort of Darwinism (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 646-646 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR Alister Hardy is prominent among those who have argued for "Darwinism with a difference". Whilst acknowledging the creative powers of natural selection, he enshrines innovative behaviour as a distinctive selective force. His argument is that a learnt and beneficial habit can be instrumental in ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309646a0
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  • 78
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    Digitale Medien
    Automation is just beginning (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 647-647 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] A FEW years from now, the heading on these pages will be entirely inappropriate. The idea that the use of computers in laboratories is sufficiently novel to be remarked upon will have ceased entirely to be noteworthy, just as it would now seem strange to assemble a few pages of this journal under ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309647a0
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  • 79
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    Digitale Medien
    Computers in books: Microcomputing in biology (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 648-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] GIVEN the shortage of suitable software for analysing biological data by microcomputer, the publication of books containing methods and programs for that purpose is generally all to the good. One recent book of this type is Statistics and Numerical Methods in BASIC for Biologists, written by J.D. ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309648a0
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  • 80
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    Digitale Medien
    Computers and genes (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 648-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The Applications of Computers to Research on Nucleic Acids II, Parts 1 and 2. Edited by D. Söll and R. J. Roberts. IRL Press: 1984. Pp.856. Pbk 30, 60. Time Warps, String Edits and Macromolecules: The Theory and Practice of Sequence Comparison. Edited by D. Sankoff and J.B. Kruskal. ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 81
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    Digitale Medien
    How to crunch your numbers (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 649-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Biodata Handling with Microcomputers. By R.B. Barlow. Elsevier Biosoft, 68 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2ILA, UK: 1983. Pp.261. 18, 30. Disks 30, 50. EVEN the least expensive "home computers" are capable of carrying out all the statistical analysis that most biologists will require and usually before ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309649b0
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  • 82
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    Digitale Medien
    Sorts of references (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 650-650 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] PAPERBASE: A Computerized Personal Database for Scientists. By Anthony Durham. Wight Scientific, 44 Roan St, London SE109JT. Booklet, pp.31, 25, 50 (airmail postage included) for institutional use; 10, 20 f or personal use. Diskettes available for various computers, 50, 100 (booklet included). ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309650a0
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  • 83
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    Digitale Medien
    More numbers coincide (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 308 (1984), S. 776-776 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] SIR - In the correspondence from Marcus Gosslerl we are informed that, in the event of the statistical evidence being sufficient, "the numerological result has to be taken seriously and cannot be dismissed by any non-mathematical reasoning". However, I think it also reasonable to point out (and I ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/308776a0
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  • 84
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    Digitale Medien
    New computer products (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 650-652 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The Series 7000 professional computers from Perkin-Elmer are advanced microcomputer data processing systems specifically for laboratory applications. Two models are available: the PE 7500 and PE 7300, capable of both analytical and management functions. In an integrated workstation, a Series 7000 ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309650b0
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  • 85
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    Digitale Medien
    Books Received (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 653-653 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Physics Advances in Diagnostic Visual Optics: Springer Series in Optical Sciences. G.M. BREININ and I.M. SIEGEL (eds). Springer-Verlag: 1983. Pp.247. ISBN 3-540-13079-9/0-387-13079-9. DM67, 26. Application of Transition State Theory to Unimolecular Reactions: An Introduction. By J.H. BEYNON and ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309653a0
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  • 86
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    Digitale Medien
    Revivifying Europe's research (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 481-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] EUROPE may not be made in the few weeks ahead, but there is a danger that it could be broken. And certainly the month that lies ahead will be crucial for the whole enterprise. First come the European elections, only the second occasion on which representatives to the European Parliament have been ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309481a0
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  • 87
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    Digitale Medien
    Biotechnology manpower in the UK (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 654-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] BIOTECHNOLOGY is one of the fast growing new technologies. It was born as late as the 1970s and is recognized everywhere as a key technology for the future. As well as the United States and Japan, the technology superpowers, France, West Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom have taken ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309654a0
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  • 88
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    Digitale Medien
    One treaty to sign (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 482-482 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] ON the face of things, there seems no prospect of an early improvement in relations between the Soviet Union and the West. Even the proposal that the president of the US National Academy of Sciences, Dr Frank Press, should go to Moscow to try out some unspecified plans for further collaboration has ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309482a0
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  • 89
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    Digitale Medien
    Shoestring research (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 482-482 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] WHILE nobody is conspicuously to blame that one of the best-known British laboratories in the neurosciences is to be closed (see p.486), the affair should give pause to those responsible for the management of research in countries such as Britiain, but in Britain in particular. And while the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309482b0
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  • 90
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    Digitale Medien
    Telecommunications: Luxembourg goes for cable (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 483-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] TINY Luxembourg has thrown a spanner into the comfortable world of European telecommunications. In particular, Luxembourg has deeply offended the government of France by announcing that it plans to license a commercial consortium to launch communications satellites capable of delivering television ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309483b0
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  • 91
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    Digitale Medien
    Soviet jewry: Refusnik flow slows to trickle (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 484-484 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Jerusalem DR Yoram Dinstein, rector of Tel Aviv University, last week announced a new endowment fund to establish university posts for Jewish scientists emigrating from the Soviet Union. The timing was somewhat inauspicious. Israeli universities are so short of funds that six months ago it was ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309484b0
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  • 92
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    Digitale Medien
    Soviet jurisprudence: Nature letter heading for trial (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 484-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] New York A LETTER from ten Moscow scientists published on Nature's correspondence pages in December 1981 (294, 688; 1981) may be cited as nominal defendant in a prosecution under Article 190/1 of the Russian Republic's criminal code, according to a recent Western visitor to Moscow. During the past ...
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  • 93
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    Digitale Medien
    US genetic regulations: Bacterial field trial to go ahead (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 483-483 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Washington Two weeks after a federal judge halted Dr Steven Lindow's planned field trial of recombinant ice-nucleating bacteria (see Nature 24 May, p.296), the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) approved a virtually identical proposal from ...
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  • 94
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    Digitale Medien
    A burst emission mechanism for coherent radiation from pulsars (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 308 (1984), S. 826-828 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] In the pulsar models proposed by Sturrock2 and by Ruderman and Sutherland5, cascade electron-pair production occurs due to the emission of curvature radiation. According to these models, outward-moving streams of particles tend to bunch, thus accounting for the coherent emission at radio ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/308826a0
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  • 95
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    Digitale Medien
    Long-range attractive forces between two mica surfaces in an aqueous polymer solution (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 308 (1984), S. 836-837 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The experimental technique and apparatus, as described previously9,10, permit the accurate measurement of forces F(D) between two smooth curved mica surfaces (radius of curvature R = 1 cm) immersed in a liquid medium a closest distance D apart, in a convenient range D = 0-500 nm. The procedure in ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/308836a0
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  • 96
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    Digitale Medien
    US research grants: New pork-barrel row breaks (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 487-487 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Washington A YEAR of tireless campaigning by university leaders in the United States has failed to keep "pork barrel" politics out of the 1985 science budget. Georgetown University in Washington DC is asking Congress to direct the Department of Defense (DOD) to support a $220 million energy ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309487a0
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  • 97
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    Digitale Medien
    Animal legislation: California pounds stay open (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 487-487 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Los Angeles CALIFRNIAN researchers won a major victory last week in their continuing battle with antivivisectionists. A proposed measure to prohibit the use of impounded stray animals in experiments was defeated by 9 votes to 4 in a state assembly committee after intensive lobbying by a coalition ...
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  • 98
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    Digitale Medien
    Raid on US baboon laboratory (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 487-487 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] A GROUP calling itself the Animal Liberation Front has broken into a laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania, vandalizing equipment worth thousands of dollars and stealing 20 videotapes of experiments on baboons. The laboratory, directed by Dr Thomas Gennarelli, has conducted experiments with ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 99
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    Digitale Medien
    High-energy physics: UK debate goes public (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 486-486 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] THE Kendrew committee set up to review British participation in Europe's high-energy particle physics has now asked members of the research community for their views. The group particularly wants opinions about the relevance and standing of the current UK effort, technical and educational spin-off ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309486b0
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    European biotechnology: Optimism abated as summit looms (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 488-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Brussels OFFICIALS of the European Commission fear that the Community's proposed biotechnology programme is falling foul of the present crisis in the Community's affairs. One sign of this is that the powerful agricultural lobby is mobilizing to block certain reforms that would have helped the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309488b0
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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