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  • Articles  (15)
  • Animals
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • Lepidoptera
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  • Springer  (15)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (15)
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  • Articles  (15)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg loads and egg masses: Parasitism ofChoristoneura rosaceana eggs by Trichogramma minutum after inundativerelease in a commercial blueberry field (2000)
    Springer
    BioControl 45 (2000), S. 257-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: biological control ; blueberry ; egg parasitoid ; inundative release ; leafroller ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Hymenoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Inundative releases of Trichogramma minutum Riley were made in a commercialblueberry field in British Columbia, Canada, todetermine the extent of dispersal of adult wasps, andto determine whether complete parasitism of eggswithin egg masses of the target host [oblique-bandedleafroller (OBLR), Choristoneura rosaceana(Harris)] occurred. Three weekly releases of waspswere made from a single release point in the center ofeach field during the flight of first generation OBLRadults. Sticky trap, sentinel egg mass andtarget-host egg mass data all indicated only a limitedrange of dispersal of T. minutum within thefield. In addition, only partial parasitism of eggmasses of the target host occurred even in closeproximity to the release point. We discuss theimportance of determining the response of Trichogramma females to previously-parasitized eggswhen using Trichogramma wasps for biologicalcontrol of lepidopterous species that oviposit largeegg masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009922101934
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predation by the hoopoe (Upupa epops) on pupae of Thaumetopoea pityocampa and the likelyinfluence on other natural enemies (2000)
    Springer
    BioControl 45 (2000), S. 311-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: bird predation ; forest ; interference ; Italy ; Lepidoptera ; pine processionary caterpillar ; parasitism,/kwd〉 ; Pinus ; Thaumetopoeidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The hoopoe (Upupa epops L.) is an insectivorousbird often preying on larvae and pupae of the pineprocessionary caterpillar (Thaumetopoeapityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller), the mostimportant defoliator of pines in Southern Europe andNorthern Africa. The first half of the breeding seasonof this migratory bird coincides with the pupal stageof the insect. Bird predation of pupae was quantifiedin two years in a Pinus nigra stand of northernItaly by periodic counting of the empty cocoons lefton the soil surface after extraction. The predationrate, estimated on 20 pupation sites representing thewhole stand, was 74.1% in 1993 and 68.3% in 1994.Predation was higher in the upper part of the soil andthen progressively decreased with increasing depth.The hoopoe may also prey on cocoons containing pupaeinfected by pathogenic fungi or parasitoids. Anexclosure experiment showed that the bird mayinterfere with these other mortality factors. Threepupal parasitoids, the ichneumonids Erigorgusfemorator Aubert and Coelichneumon rudis (Boyerde Fonscolombe) and the pteromalid Conomoriumpityocampae Graham, were significantly less frequentin the exposed sites. The fungus Beauveriabassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and the most abundantpupal parasitoid, Villa brunnea Becker (Diptera:Bombyliidae), caused the highest pupal mortality atboth protected and exposed sites. The bird seems to bean incompletely additive mortality factor acting onthe pest and it can also alter the relativemortalities imposed by the other natural enemies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009992321465
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concanavalin A inhibits development of tomato moth (Lacanobia oleracea) and peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae) when expressed in transgenic potato plants (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 153-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: lectins ; insect resistance ; transgenic plants ; potato (Solanum tuberosum) ; Lepidoptera ; Homoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects of concanavalin A (ConA), a glucose/mannose-specific lectin from jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis), on insect crop pests from two different orders, Lepidoptera and Homoptera, were investigated. When fed to larvae of tomato moth (Lacanobia oleracea) at a range of concentrations (0.02–2.0% of total protein) in artificial diet, ConA decreased survival, with up to 90% mortality observed at the highest dose level, and retarded development, but had only a small effect on larval weight. When fed to peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae) at a range of concentrations (1–9μM) in liquid artificial diet, ConA reduced aphid size by up to 30%, retarded development to maturity, and reduced fecundity (production of offspring) by 〉35%, but had little effect on survival. With both insects, there was a poor correlation between lectin dose and the quantitative effect. Constitutive expression of ConA in transgenic potatoes driven by the CaMV 35S promoter resulted in the protein accumulating to levels lower than predicted, possibly due to potato not being able to adequately reproduce the post-translational processing of this lectin which occurs in jackbean. However, the expressed lectin was functionally active as a haemagglutinin. Bioassay of L. oleracea larvae on ConA-expressing potato plants showed that the lectin retarded larval development, and decreased larval weights by 〉45%, but had no significant effect on survival. It also decreased consumption of plant tissue by the larvae. In agreement with the diet bioassay results, ConA-expressing potatoes decreased the fecundity of M. persicae by up to 45%. ConA thus has potential as a protective agent against insect pests in transgenic crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009681705481
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adult emergence rhythm of the egg-parasitoid Telenomus busseolae (1998)
    Springer
    BioControl 43 (1998), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: emergence rhythm ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; photoperiod ; Sesamia nonagrioides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The adult emergence rhythm of Telenomus busseolae, an egg parasitoid of Sesamia nonagrioides, was examined when parasitoids were exposed to different light-dark regimes. Most of the adult parasitoids emerged throughout the whole period of the photoperiodic cycle. Peak male emergence occurred 2–5 hours earlier than that of females. Adult emergence was asynchronous in continuous darkness or light. However, regimes of alternative light and dark phases such as L4:D20, L8:D16, L12:D12, L16:D8 and L20:D4 h generated a population rhythm with a period length of 24 hours. The peak of the emergence activity moves from the scotophase to the middle of the photophase with an increase of the photophase from 4 to 20 h. Rhythmical activity of adults was synchronised within 2 cycles when immature stages of parasitoid grow under continuous light conditions (LL) and then transferred to L12:D12. Moreover, emergence rhythm persisted and continued in a free-run with a period length of less than 24 hours by transferring a rhythmic culture from L12:D12 h to LL or RR (continuous red light) conditions, indicating the existence of a circadian rhythm. The ecological implications of the expression rhythm relate to better survival of the parasitoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009984318289
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone of pear moth, Cydia pyrivora (1998)
    Springer
    BioControl 43 (1998), S. 339-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: antagonist ; Cydia pomonella ; (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-yl acetate ; geometric isomer ; Lepidoptera ; sibling species ; Tortricidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The sex pheromone of the pear moth, Cydia pyrivora, is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-yl acetate. A 5%-addition of the geometric isomers E,Z and Z,Z decreased male attraction in the field, the Z,E isomer had no significant effect. Traps baited with 10 µg E,E on grey rubber septa were attractive throughout the flight period of C. pyrivora. These traps allow specific detection of pear moth, and they are not attractive to its sibling species, codling moth C. pomonella.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009983613234
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The life history and host range of Ectagagarcia, a biological control agent for Lantana camra and L. montevidensis in Australia (1998)
    Springer
    BioControl 43 (1998), S. 325-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: creeping lantana ; host specificity ; leaf-roller ; Lepidoptera ; Oecophoridae ; phytophagous ; varietal preference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The life cycle and host specificity of Ectaga garcia were investigated. Moths emerge in the morning and are inactive during the day. Eggs are laid and larvae feed on the undersurface of leaves of Lantana camara and L. montevidensis. Larvae spin protective cocoons from which they feed and in which they pupate. Development from egg to adult takes approximately 48 days. Forty-five plant species were tested to determine host specificity. Females laid eggs only on L. camara and L. montevidensis. In no-choice trials, neonate larvae fed but failed to complete development on nine test species. E. garcia was subsequently approved for release in Australia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009922310745
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Animal Consciousness and Ethics in Asia and the Pacific (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of agricultural and environmental ethics 10 (1997), S. 249-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-322X
    Keywords: Animals ; Asia ; consciousness ; Australia ; Hong Kong ; India ; Israel ; Japan ; New Zealand ; The Philippines ; Russia ; Singapore ; Thailand
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract The interactions between humans, animals and the environment have shaped human values and ethics, not only the genes that we are made of. The animal rights movement challenges human beings to reconsider interactions between humans and other animals, and maybe connected to the environmental movement that begs us to recognize the fact that there are symbiotic relationships between humans and all other organisms. The first part of this paper looks at types of bioethics, the implications of autonomy and the value of being alive. Then the level of consciousness of these relationships are explored in survey results from Asia and the Pacific, especially in the 1993 International Bioethics Survey conducted in Australia, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, The Philippines, Russia, Singapore and Thailand. Very few mentioned animal consciousness in the survey, but there were more biocentric comments in Australia and Japan; and more comments with the idea of harmony including humans in Thailand. Comparisons between questions and surveys will also be made, in an attempt to describe what people imagine animal consciousness to be, and whether this relates to human ethics of the relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007774409131
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic potato plants with enhanced resistance to the tomato moth, Lacanobia oleracea: growth room trials (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 49-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: GNA ; insect resistance ; lectins ; Lepidoptera ; potato ; transgenic plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Insecticidal effects of three plant-derived genes, those encoding snowdrop lectin (GNA), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) chitinase (BCH) and wheat α-amylase (WAI), were investigated and compared with effects of the cowpea trypsin inhibitor gene (CpTI). Transgenic potato plants containing each of the three genes singly, and in pairwise combinations were produced. All the introduced genes were driven by the CaMV 35S promoter; expression was readily detectable at the RNA level in transformants, but not detectable accumulation of WAI could be detected in transgenic potatoes containing its encoding gene. GNA and BCH were accumulated at levels up to 2.0% of total soluble protein; both proteins were expressed in a functional form, and GNA was shown to undergo 'correct' N-terminal processing. Accumulation levels of individual proteins were higher in plants containing a single foreign gene than in plants containing two foreign genes. Resistance of the transgenic plants to insect attack was assayed by exposing the plants to larvae of the tomato moth, Lacanobia oleracea. All the plants tested which were expressing GNA showed an enhanced level of resistance. Leaf damage was reduced by more than 50% compared to controls; total insect biomass per plant was reduced by 45-65%, but larval survival was only slightly reduced (20%). These results support the hypothesis that GNA has a significant antifeedant effect on insects. Expression of BCH had no protective effect against this insect. Expression of CpTI in transgenic potatoes had similar effects to expression of GNA on total insect biomass and survival, but did not afford protection against insect damage to the plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009600321838
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Removal of Cr(VI) from ground water by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 7 (1996), S. 277-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; bioaccumulation ; chromium ; ground water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Chromium can be removed from ground water by the unicellular yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Local ground water maintains chromium as CrO4 2- because of bicarbonate buffering and pH and E h conditions (8.2 and +343 mV, respectively). In laboratory studies, we used commercially available, nonpathogenic S. cerevisiae to remove hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from ground water. The influence of parameters such as temperature, pH, and glucose concentration on Cr(VI) removal by yeast were also examined. S. cerevisiae removed Cr(VI) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with a slightly greater rate occurring under anaerobic conditions. Our kinetic studies reveal a reaction rate (Vmax) of 0.227 mg h-1 (g dry wt biomass)-1 and a Michaelis constant (Km) of 145 mg/l in natural ground water using mature S. cerevisiae cultures. We found a rapid (within 2 minutes) initial removal of Cr(VI) with freshly hydrated cells [55–67 mg h-1 (g dry wt biomass)-1] followed by a much slower uptake [0.6–1.1 mg h-1 (g dry wt biomass)-1] that diminished with time. A materials-balance for a batch reactor over 24 hours resulted in an overall shift in redox potential from +321 to +90 mV, an increase in the bicarbonate concentration (150–3400 mg/l) and a decrease in the Cr(VI) concentration in the effluent (1.9-0 mg/l).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00115741
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecology and biology ofNoctuidonema guyanense (Nematoda, aphelenchoididae), an ectoparasite ofSpodoptera frugiperda (Lep., Noctuidae), in French Guiana (1993)
    Springer
    BioControl 38 (1993), S. 465-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Noctuidonema guyanense ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; Nematoda ; Lepidoptera ; ectoparasite ; French Guiana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des papillons mâles et femelles deSpodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), capturés en Guyane française entre 1980 et 1987 ont été examinés afin d'évaluer l'importance du parasitisme dû au nématode Aphelenchoididae ectoparasiteNoctuidonema guyanense Remillet & Silvain. L'importance du parasitisme varie suivant l'importance quantitative des populations imaginales deS. frugiperda, le sexe des papillons et, chez les femelles, le nombre d'accouplements et l'âge de celles-ci. La transmission du nématode d'un papillon à un autre se fait lors des accouplements. La croissance d'une colonie de nématode sur un papillon semble devoir être limitée par l'évolution de l'état physiologique de l'hôte.
    Notes: Abstract Male and female moths ofSpodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), collected in French Guiana between 1980 and 1987 were examined to evaluate the level of parasitism by the Aphelenchoidid ectoparasitic nematodeNoctuidonema guyanense Remillet & Silvain. The rate of parasitism varies according to the population level ofS. frugiperda, the sex of the moths, number of matings, and age of the females. The results confirm that the transmission of the nematode from one moth to another occurs during mating. The growth of a nematode colony on a moth seems to be limited by the development of the physiological state of the host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373080
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Broad antifungal activity of β-isoxazolinonyl-alanine, a non-protein amino acid from roots of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings (1991)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 11 (1991), S. 203-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Antifungal activity ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Phytopathogenic fungi ; Heterocyclic non-protein amino acid ; Pisum sativum ; Constitutive plant defence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary β-(Isoxazolin-5-on-2-yl)-alanine (βIA), a heterocyclic non-protein amino acid from root extracts and root exudates of pea seedlings, acts as a potent growth inhibitor of several eukaryotic organisms, including yeasts, phytopathogenic fungi, unicellular green algae, and higher plants. The antibiotic effect on baker's yeast was reversed by l-methionine, l-cysteine, and l-homocysteine. Phytopathogenic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea, Pythium ultimum, and Rhizoctonia solani grown on agar containing βIA were inhibited in the growth of mycelia or in the production of sclerotia. In contrast, no significant inhibition of either Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria was observed. Rhizobium leguminosarum, the compatible microsymbiont of Pisum spp., and Rhizobium meliloti were able to tolerate up to 2.9 mM βIA (500 ppm) without any effect on the growth rate. Bradyrhizobium japonicum even gave a positive chemotactic response to βIA. The ecological significance of βIA as a preformed plant protectant during the seedling stage of Pisum spp. and other βIA-containing legumes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335768
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The scale response ofTrichogramma [Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae]: Variation among species in host specificity and the effect of conditioning (1990)
    Springer
    BioControl 35 (1990), S. 7-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Trichogramma ; host-seeking ; interspecific variation ; Lepidoptera ; behavior ; parasitoids ; Trichogramma ; recherche de l'hôte ; variation interspécifique ; Lepidoptera ; comportement ; parasitoïdes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La spécificité vis-à-vis de l'hôte et l'effet du conditionnement sur la réponse comportementale aux écailles de lépidoptères varient chez les femelles de 4Trichogramma spp. observées en essais de laboratoire. Les espècesTrichogramma nrpretiosum Riley etT. exiguum Pinto & Platner répondent faiblement aux écailles d'Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), par rapport à celles d'Heliothis zea (Boddie) et deManduca sexta (L.).T. maltbyi Nagaraja & Nagarkatti etT. minutum Riley ne font pas de distinction entre les écailles de ces trois hôtes. Le conditionnement avec des combinaisons variées d'écailles d'hôtes et d'œufs n'altérait pas la spécificité, mais changeait dans quelques cas la sensibilité générale aux écailles. Ces changements furent attribués à l'accoutumance, à la perte d'attirance due aux longues séquences de ponte et à l'apprentissage. En général, la réponse aux écailles semble être innée et absolument non spécifique.
    Notes: Abstract Host specificity and the effect of conditioning on a behavioral response to lepidopteran scales varied among the females of 4Trichogramma spp. observed in laboratory experiments.Trichogramma species nrPretiosum Riley andT. exiguum Pinto & Platner responded weakly toOstrinia nubilalis (Hübner) scales relative toHeliothis zea (Boddie) andManduca sexta (L.).T. maltbyi Nagaraja & Nagarkatti andT. minutum Riley did not discriminate between scales from these 3 hosts. Conditioning with various combinations of host scales and eggs did not alter host specificity, but in some cases, changed general responsiveness to scales. These were attributed to habituation, loss of appetitive drive due to long oviposition bouts, and associative learning. In general, the scale response seems to be innate and fairly nonspecific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374296
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of yeasts and some nitrogen fixing bacteria on nodulation of legumes (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 84 (1985), S. 287-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Interaction ; Rhizobium ; Root nodulation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Yeasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Combined inoculation ofRhizobium trifolii withSaccharomyces cerevisiae and other yeasts generally enhanced the number of nodules, length of plants and dry weight of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) seedlings grown on agar slopes. Similar effects were observed when seedlings were inoculated withR. trifolii in the presence of dialyzed culture filtrate ofS. cerevisiae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143193
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Einfluß von Cadmium, Zink, Blei und Quecksilber auf die Enzymaktivität beiSaccharomyces cerevisiae in vitro (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 22 (1983), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Schwermetallwirkung ; Malatdehydrogenase ; Glutamatdehydrogenase ; Glycerinaldehyd-3-phosphatdehydrogenase ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The difference between cadmium, zinc, lead, and mercury in regard of their effects on the activity of the enzymes tested is very slight. Concentrations higher than 10−5 M reduce significantly the activity of the enzymes, and concentrations of approximately 10−3 M inhibit it completely. An increase of the activity cannot be detected. The addition of combinations of cadmium, zinc, and lead results in a summing up of the toxic effects, whereas the interaction between mercury and the other three heavy metals shows a cumulative effect, which is appointed nearly completely by the heavy metal more toxic. The findings suggest that under in-vitro conditions there exists a direct interaction between the heavy metals and the enzymes.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die vier Schwermetalle Cadmium, Zink, Blei und Quecksilber unterscheiden sich in ihrer Wirkung auf die Aktivität der untersuchten Enzyme nur sehr wenig. Konzentrationen über 10−5 M vermindern die Enzymaktivität signifikant, und Konzentrationen von etwa 10−3 M unterbinden sie völlig. Eine Steigerung der Enzymaktivität läßt sich nicht feststellen. Die Zugabe von Cadmium-, Zink- und Bleikombinationen führt zu einer Addition der toxischen Effekte, während bei der Interaktion zwischen Quecksilber und den anderen drei Schwermetallen die Gesamtwirkung fast ausschließlich durch das stärker hemmende Schwermetall allein bestimmt wird. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, daß es unter Invitro-Bedingungen zu einer direkten Wechselwirkung zwischen den Schwermetallen und den Enzymen kommt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02024695
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of yeast extracts on higher plants (1980)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 57 (1980), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Nucleic acid bases ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Vitamins ; Yeast autolyzate ; Yield stimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Effect of yeast autolyzate on the growth of vineless pea plant was investigated. The yield was increased remarkably when yeast autolyzate was added, as compared with the control area in which the plants received only mineral fertilizer solution. The yield stimulation was the highest where 0.1 ppm of the autolyzate was added, the yield increasing by more than 80%. The reason why the yields were lower in the areas where the amount of yeast autolyzate added was incrased to 1 ppm and to 10 ppm, was presumed to be due to the fact that the substances may have been absorbed, decomposed, and utilized by soil microorganisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02139640
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