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  • 1
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: From a biological perspective, the subterranean realm is one of the less studied, but at the same time, one of the most promising, theatres for new findings and research. Compared to those on the surface, the ecological conditions occurring in subterranean habitats are relatively simple, and this may be an optimal scenario for understanding the mechanisms allowing the colonization, adaptation, and evolution of species, as well as their interactions within local communities. Diversity in subterranean habitats is often overlooked, and few studies embrace whole communities or try to assess functional relationships between species. This Special Issue reprint comprises papers covering a wide range of aspects related to the distribution, composition, and roles of subterranean communities occurring in different typologies of subterranean habitats.
    Keywords: cave biology ; subterranean habitats ; vertebrates ; invertebrates ; community dynamics ; biospeleology ; hypogean ; conservation ; biodiversity ; troglobite ; troglophile ; trogloxene ; extreme environment ; niche ; epikarst ; classification trees ; Copepoda ; random forests ; Diptera ; Limonia ; Limonia nubeculosa ; Neolimonia ; Trichoceridea ; cave community ; prey ; food resources ; occupancy ; abundance ; Astyanax ; Spelaeomysis ; Troglomexicanus ; Speocirolana ; Toro cave ; Sierra de El Abra ; troglomorphy ; stygobite ; fieldwork ; wild fish ; comparative biology ; behavior ; troglomorphism ; olfactory test ; infrared movies ; amino acids ; chondroitin ; plasticity ; cybernetics ; ecology ; cavefish ; dissolved oxygen ; cave evolution ; Astyanax mexicanus ; Ostracoda ; Yucatán Peninsula ; cenotes ; mitochondrial marker ; geometric morphometrics ; population ecology ; growth ; movements ; São Domingos karst area ; subterranean fishes ; evolution ; origin of troglobites ; Brazil ; subterranean biology ; environmental science ; biogeography ; distribution records ; groundwater ; underwater caves ; cenote ; mysid ; stygobiont ; bioindicator ; accidental cave visitors ; Arachnida ; Araneae ; arid ; levant ; Mediterranean ; species diversity ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology & animal sciences
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 4
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint showcases a collection of a Special Issue entitled “Soilless Culture, Growing Media and Horticultural Plants”. Within its pages, readers will find an assortment of 22 original papers accompanied by 1 review paper and 1 editorial. Representing a collaborative effort involving by 84 authors from 15 different countries, this Special Issue explores cutting-edge advancements in soilless culture, investigating the interaction between soilless and environmental factors while also exploring their consequential impacts on plant growth and physiology. Additionally, these studies meticulously scrutinize the accumulation of secondary metabolites. The compositions of nutrient solutions and the physical attributes of substrates and mixtures are illuminated through rigorous analyses. Furthermore, a spotlight is placed on the dynamic interactions between microorganisms and plant-growing media. In the near future, climate change and environmental and ecological issues will steer the trajectory of soilless culture systems and the choice of growing media constituents.
    Keywords: biochar ; compost ; climate change ; hydroponics ; growing medium ; life cycle analysis ; organic bioresources ; peat alternatives ; renewable raw materials ; rockwool ; waste ; wood fibers ; soilless culture ; water soluble fertilizers ; vegetables ; Capsicum annuum L. ; Solanum melongena L. ; nutrients ; shape index ; UVR8 ; PPFD ; dose-dependent ; photosynthesis ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; phenolic compounds ; nutrient uptake ; nutrient variation ; simulation model ; sweet pepper ; restricted deficit irrigation ; soil moisture sensors ; nonchemical growth control ; water use efficiency ; peat ; growth ; cabbage ; Brassica ; emergence ; colored sweet peppers ; antioxidant activity ; phenolics ; ascorbic acid ; carotenoids ; solar and ultraviolet radiation ; peat replacement ; particle size ; calcium ; magnesium ; extractable nutrients ; dry weight ; N levels ; elevated CO2 ; open-top chamber ; nutrient transportation ; transpiration ; dilution effect ; Capsicum annuum ; flavonoids ; fluorescence monitoring ; bio-waste utilization ; NO3–N ; plant ; substrate ; container ; production ; growing media ; nursery production ; carbon ; peat moss ; bioenergy ; Solanum lycopersicum ; olive oil waste ; two-phase ; three-phase ; water sludge ; flower bud development ; flower number ; flower quality ; Gerbera jamesonii ; DLI ; urban agriculture ; simplified soilless culture ; conventional agriculture ; irrigation ; soilless substrates ; water ; coconut coir ; initial moisture ; mass wetness ; peatmoss ; pine bark ; wettability ; capillary rise ; container capacity ; capture rate ; available water ; dewpoint potentiometer ; pine tree substrate ; substrate processing ; surface-bound water ; unavailable water ; wood substrate ; organic and mineral substrates and mixtures ; laboratory characterization ; hydraulic properties ; physicochemical properties ; lettuce ; plant nutrient content ; Pelargonium zonale ; low-tech soilless cultivation system ; commercial quality ; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) ; rhizosphere ; plant factory ; plant quality ; plant yield ; microbiome ; beneficial bacteria ; germination ; nitrate content ; phenolic content ; antioxidant capacity ; microbial community ; nutrient solution concentration ; sweetpotato ; storage root ; leaf abscission ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 8
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 9
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry;Materials science
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Materials science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 10
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    EDP SCIENCES
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemistry
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
    Language: French
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2023-01-11
    Description: Dataset: Results of risk-addition experiment (adult oyster growth)
    Description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species in northeast Florida estuaries, including the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), where intertidal reefs are extensive. Estuarine research to assess sustainability and oyster population, plus various monitoring studies and oyster reef restoration projects have been undertaken, with an additional focus on testing theory regarding the effects of predation risk in the natural environment. As part of a study that manipulatively “pressed” risk cues onto oyster prey, a field experiment was conducted on oyster reefs in the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida) from June to November 2012. Three areas within the southern areas of the GTM NERR (south of Matanzas inlet) were used in the experiment: Summer Island North (SIN), Marine Land (ML) and Pellicer Flats (PF). The SIN site occurred closest to the inlet (farthest from freshwater input), the PF site occurred farthest from inlet and closest to freshwater input, while the ML site occurs between the inlet and the freshwater input. Oyster survival, growth and recruitment were checked monthly. At the mid point and conclusion of the experiment, individual oysters were also destructively sampled to quantify differences in oyster traits (shell versus tissue mass) as a function of experimental treatment and location. This submission concerns the growth of adult oysters. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/884362
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1736943, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1820540
    Keywords: growth ; Predation risk ; nonconsumptive effect
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2023-02-16
    Description: Growth, mortality, exploitation rate, and recruitment of Decapterus macrosoma in the waters off Antique province, Philippines, were investigated based on the length-frequency data collected from April 2019 until March 2020. Using the FISAT-II software, D. macrosoma growth parameters were computed as follows: L∞ = 26.18 cm TL, K = 1.00 yr-1, ø' = 2.836 yr-1, and an estimated life span of 3 years. Mortality values were estimated as: total mortality (Z) = 4.66 yr-1; natural mortality (M) = 1.88 yr-1; and fishing mortality (F) = 2.78 yr-1. The exploitation rate (E) was computed as 0.60 while Emax was 0.42 yr-1. The length at first capture Lc/L50 was estimated at 11.96 cm TL. There were two recruitment events in one year: July and December. D. macrosoma in Antique was growing isometrically and in good condition with the relative condition factor (Kn) values ranging from 0.99 to 3.39. The computed exploitation rate suggested that D. macrosoma faces a high level of exploitation in Antique waters. These results offer valuable information on the utilization, conservation, and management of D. macrosoma in the East Sulu Sea area.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Condition factor ; growth ; mortality ; ASFA_2015::P::Population parameters ; ASFA_2015::G::Growth ; ASFA_2015::M::Mortality ; ASFA_2015::M::Mortality causes ; ASFA_2015::E::Exploitation rate ; ASFA_2015::R::Recruitment rate
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: 22-35
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2023-03-08
    Description: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in LeClerc, H., Tompsett, G., Paulsen, A., McKenna, A., Niles, S., Reddy, C., Nelson, R., Cheng, F., Teixeira, A., & Timko, M. Hydroxyapatite catalyzed hydrothermal liquefaction transforms food waste from an environmental liability to renewable fuel. IScience, 25(9), (2022): 104916, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104916.
    Description: Food waste is an abundant and inexpensive resource for the production of renewable fuels. Biocrude yields obtained from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of food waste can be boosted using hydroxyapatite (HAP) as an inexpensive and abundant catalyst. Combining HAP with an inexpensive homogeneous base increased biocrude yield from 14 ± 1 to 37 ± 3%, resulting in the recovery of 49 ± 2% of the energy contained in the food waste feed. Detailed product analysis revealed the importance of fatty-acid oligomerization during biocrude formation, highlighting the role of acid-base catalysts in promoting condensation reactions. Economic and environmental analysis found that the new technology has the potential to reduce US greenhouse gas emissions by 2.6% while producing renewable diesel with a minimum fuel selling price of $1.06/GGE. HAP can play a role in transforming food waste from a liability to a renewable fuel.
    Description: This work was funded by the DOE Bioenergy Technology Office (DE-EE0008513), a DOE DBIR (DE-SC0015784) and the MassCEC. The authors thank WenWen Yao, Department of Environmental Science at WPI, for TOC analysis, Mainstream Engineering for heating value characterization of the oil and solid samples, Wei Fan for assistance in obtaining SEM images and, Julia Martin and Ronald Grimm for their assistance in collecting XPS data, and Jeffrey R. Page for his assistance with oil upgrading and analysis. HOL was partially funded for this work by NSF Graduate Research Fellowship award number 2038257. A portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Ion Cyclotron Resonance user facility, which is supported by the NSF Division of Materials Research and Division of Chemistry through DMR 16-44779 and the State of Florida.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical engineering ; Catalysis
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 14
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Mineralogy includes thirteen chapters that discuss the methodology of specific mineralogical methods, the composition of minerals from different igneous rocks, and the composition of minerals from different sedimentary rocks.It contains detailed mineralogical studies from Africa, Asia, and Europe. Chapters present different scientific mineralogical methods and detailed descriptions of minerals from different magmatic and sedimentary rocks.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNV Chemistry of minerals, crystals and gems
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Benzimidazole is a comprehensive survey of the known and new methods of benzimidazole synthesis, the spectral and theoretical aspects of existing benzimidazole derivatives, and the anticancer properties of a new class of benzimidazole derivatives. This book examines aspects and newer mechanisms of benzimidazoles containing heterocyclic moiety. Chapters report on anticancer properties of benzimidazole derivatives, novel methods of synthesis of benzimidazoles, versatile nature of the benzimidazoles, spectral and theoretical studies of benzimidazole derivatives, and medicinal importance and pharmacological aspects of benzimidazole derivatives.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Green Chemistry - New Perspectives is at the frontiers of this continuously evolving interdisciplinary science, and publishes research that attempts to reduce the environmental impact of the chemical enterprise by developing a technology base that is inherently non-toxic to living things and the environment. The book covers all aspects of green chemistry, including chemical synthesis, nano synthesis, eco-friendly processes, biomass, extraction techniques, environmental remediation, and energy, making it a unique reference resource. This will continue to encourage scientists around the world to develop novel synthetic methods or improve the existing ones to circumvent some of the problems and favours all aspects of green chemistry. This book is intended for academia, professionals, scientists, as well as graduate and undergraduate students without any geographical limitations.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint presents groundbreaking discoveries, practical techniques, and rigorous analyses related to the cultivation, preparation, and exploitation of mycelium composites. The papers cover a wide range of topics, including functional modifications of mycelium with inorganic particles, modifying and assessing the mechanical properties of mycelium composites, strategies for improving the flexural behaviour of composites, beehives from fungal materials, bio-welding and reinforcement of composites, bioreactors for fungal production, co-production of composites by fungi and bacteria, growing large-scale mycelium structures, sound absorption by composites, and the geometrical parameterisation of fungi. This informative compendium of techniques, methods, and insights on growing fungal material appeals to readers from all walks of life, from high school pupils to university professors, from mathematicians, computer scientists, and engineers to chemists, from craft practitioners to industrial producers of fungal materials, and from biologists to architects and artists.
    Keywords: mycelium-based composites ; additive manufacturing ; bio-based materials ; circular construction ; digital fabrication ; mycelium ; bio-composites ; bio-fabrication ; ultrasonic welding ; wood printing ; robotic fabrication ; reinforced composites ; natural fiber reinforced polymers ; NFRP ; growing materials ; rattan ; lightweight structure ; architecture ; structural design ; computational design ; subtractive manufacturing ; circular economy ; compressive structures ; compressive strength ; digital image correlation ; masonry ; growth ; mechanical properties ; materials science ; mycelium-based composite ; biomaterials ; natural composites ; bacterial cellulose ; biocompatibility ; knitted fabric ; material tinkering ; lignocellulosic fibers ; natural fiber reinforcement ; mechanical characteristics ; manufacturing variables ; nanoclay ; fungal fruiting bodies ; parametric design thinking ; plasticity ; linearity ; non-linearity ; biohybrid architecture ; bio fabrication ; living architecture ; beehive ; 3D printing ; mycelium materials ; symbiosis ; multispecies architecture ; healthy materials ; binding capacity ; bio-adhesives ; building biomaterials ; fungal mycelium ; mechanical performance ; acoustic materials ; sound absorption ; fungal architecture ; myceliated material ; living material ; sustainability ; biotechnology ; compression ; bending ; waste upcycling ; mycoremediation ; myco-materials ; myco-fabrication ; sustainable buildings ; sustainable structures ; architectural design ; material ethics ; modular chain bioreactor ; solid-state fermentation ; mycelium production ; Ganoderma lucidum ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Greenhouse cultivation provides an artificially controlled environment for the year-round production of vegetables, and has played an increasingly important role in agriculture production systems in recent decades. Recent works have shown that improving greenhouse conditions can promote the growth of vegetables and enhance the uptake of nutrients, leading to better vegetable quality. Meanwhile, greenhouse conditions not only directly influence soil nutrient cycling processes and properties, but also indirectly affect them by regulating vegetable root growth and plant–soil interactions. This Special Issue features twelve original research articles that deal with the effects of novel greenhouse practices and strategies on the yield and quality of horticulture crops, as well as greenhouse soil properties. Among these publications, three studied the effects of fertilizers, including organic and macro- and micro-nutrient fertilizers, on the growth and nutrient uptake of vegetables. Two articles described the effects of water and nutrient supply using irrigation or hydroponic supplying systems on the yield and quality of vegetables. Four articles investigated the effects of environmental conditions (mainly light and temperature) on the growth and quality of vegetables. In terms of degenerated greenhouse soil, three articles showed how reductive soil disinfestation decreased soil salinity, improved soil quality, and inactivated soil-borne pathogens.
    Keywords: daily light integral ; cucumber seedling ; seedling quality ; flower development ; boron ; application methods ; growth ; fruit quality ; tomato ; protected greenhouse ; soilless culture ; poultry manure ; yield enhancement ; cucumber ; univariate analysis ; multivariate analysis ; nutrient uptake ; sweet onion ; nerokremmydo ; aeroponic ; floating ; nutrient film technique ; bulb ; application rate ; nitrate ; organic acid ; soil-borne pathogens ; soil pH ; sulfate ; growth rate ; root morphology ; ammonium to nitrate ratio ; nutrient solution composition ; nitrogen efficiency ; net assimilation rate (NAR) ; leaf nitrogen ; fruit temperature ; dry matter ; chlorophyll ; microbial activity ; organic fertilizer ; plastic shed cultivation system ; reductive soil disinfestation ; soil quality ; aromatic substances ; carbon exportation ; flavor quality ; nutrient and function indicator ; overall appearance ; microbial community ; microbial function ; co-occurrence network ; soil ecosystem ; alternate drip irrigation under mulch ; water ; zeolite amount ; tomato growth ; water use efficiency ; principal component ; solar radiation ; humidity ; temperature ; irrigation water use efficiency ; yield ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book consists of several selected chapters on important subjects in modern high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The content addresses aspects related to both improvements in the mainstream HPLC/UPLC technology and utilization, as well as developments of exploratory new materials and equipment. The book presents useful details about the presented subjects as well as describes new applications and/or relevant case studies for each subject. It is addressed to a large audience of analytical chemists involved in separation science. Each chapter is authored by scientists with considerable field and academic experience.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The exposure of animals to environmental stresses (restraint, bad housing conditions, irradiation, pollution, diseases, and heat stress) and endogenous stresses (metabolic and physiological disorders) can seriously disrupt the redox homeostasis, leading to impairments in animals’ health and overall performance. Under these circumstances, the self-antioxidant defense system may not be enough to neutralize ROS effects. In this context, the utilization of an exogenous source of antioxidants, mainly dietary sources, may present an effective and cost-effective solution. There are a plethora of substances, either naturally occurring or synthesized (organic acids, minerals, vitamins, hormones, and specific feed additives originating from plants such as essential oils and polyphenols), known for their antioxidant activity, that can be used to maintain adequate redox status in animals in order to preserve their well-being and/or productivity. This area of research still needs more investigations in order to clearly elucidate the effective antioxidant substances that could be used in practical applications, with an emphasis on their biological mechanisms during different physiological conditions and health statuses. We intend to bring together current research concerning the role of antioxidant substances either from natural sources or those synthesized for improving animal production, reproduction, health, and welfare.
    Keywords: antinutrient ; enzyme ; fermentation ; fiber ; gut health ; microbiota ; meta-analysis ; poultry ; prebiotic ; antioxidants ; growth ; heat stress ; rabbit ; selenium ; spirulina ; zinc ; broiler ; dietary protein level ; phytogenic feed additive ; growth performance ; immune response ; exercise ; endurance ; undenatured type II collagen ; anti-inflammatory ; cardiac injury markers ; oxidative stress ; histopathology ; Bcl-2 ; Bax ; TGF-β1 ; date palm (pollen extract) ; doxorubicin ; nitrocompounds ; nitropropanol ; nitroethanol ; biochemical parameters ; oregano essential oil ; temperature ; sea bass ; cornelian cherry extract ; glucose transporter ; gene expression ; oxidative biomarker ; chicken ; cyclic heat stress ; Spirulina platensis ; redox status ; serum metabolites ; blood hematology ; meat quality ; fipronil ; boswellic acid ; PCNA ; semen ; fertility-related markers ; Oreochromis niloticus ; antioxidant ; hematology ; nitric oxide ; lysozyme ; copper toxicity ; vitamin C ; vitamin E ; hematological parameters ; phytogenic ; phenols ; antimicrobial activity ; immunity ; phenolic antioxidant ; olive oil ; caprine ; spermatozoa ; Bayesian inference ; Duroc breed boars ; biochemistry ; blood parameters ; feeding time ; correlation coefficients ; Turraea fischeri ; polyphenolics ; semen cryopreservation ; sperm ultrastructure ; antioxidant biomarker ; apoptosis ; nano particles ; performance ; blood ; pathogens ; quails ; carcass traits ; blood biochemical constituents ; abdominal fat color ; meat fatty acid profile ; liver histology ; broilers ; Eimeria tenella ; broiler chickens ; oocyst shedding ; volatile fatty acids ; feed efficiency ; cecal health ; active yeast ; antioxidant status ; nutrient density ; trace element ; laying hen performance ; high temperature ; inflammation ; cryopreservation ; tannin ; polyphenols ; semen additives ; carcass ; fructooligosaccharide ; haemato-biochemical parameters ; cecal microbiota ; propolis ; bee pollen ; productive performance ; fertility ; Holstein ; folic acid ; pregnancy ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology and animal sciences
    Language: English
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  • 21
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Recent Advances in Chemical Kinetics provides a comprehensive overview of several types of chemical reactions. It includes six chapters that discuss solvent catalysis, customized flow reactors, p-conjugation in kinetics, kinetics of autoxidation, molecular chameleon for cations and anions, and internal clocks of atoms.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 22
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint focuses on fish otoliths, as one of the most useful and important biological structures for fishery scientists and managers around the world. Collected papers cover several different research areas, from the otolith macro- to the microstructure and microchemistry, analyzing different types of otoliths and investigating various freshwater and marine species in their larval, juvenile and adult stages. Special attention is given to different approaches in otolith research and to many practical applications of such studies. The obtained data served to determine the age and growth of individual fish; to study habitat interactions, migration patterns, or habitats that the fish live in; to detect water temperatures or the presence of certain pollutants in the environment; and to reveal all other vital information about the life history of the fish.
    Keywords: sagittal otolith ; somatic growth ; long-lived fishes ; ontogeny ; teleost anatomy ; development ; fish morphology ; Fourier ; marking ; alizarin complexone ; hard tissue ; fin ray ; otolith ; scale ; silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) ; age ; growth ; otoliths ; morphometry ; Sphyraena sphyraena ; fish age determination ; Greenland halibut ; deep learning ; dataset shift ; domain adaptation ; red snapper ; wavelet ; genetic diversity ; population structure ; asteriscus ; side effect ; otolith shape ; geographical effect ; temperature effect ; pH ; brook trout ; fish kill ; anadromy ; otolith microchemistry ; crucian carp ; strontium ; marking efficiency ; restocking ; time delay ; fish otoliths ; CNN ; age determination ; web tool ; Kokanee ; homing ; stocking ; Anguilla anguilla ; fish biology ; ecosystem variability ; minho river ; stock assessment ; Coilia nasus ; river estuary ; Yellow Sea ; elemental signature ; stable isotopic signature ; stock spatial structure ; atherinids ; trade-off ; daily growth ; spawning ; European hake ; length–frequency distribution ; sex-ratio ; hydro-morpho-sedimentary characteristics ; marginal increment analysis ; band deposition ; Thunnus thynnus ; growth curves ; edge analysis ; growth performance index ; quartile of marginal growth band method ; k-fold cross-validation ; back-calculation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 23
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on feeding and feed technology advances and challenges in aquaculture. These are of particular interest since aquaculture and fisheries are considered crucial sources of animal protein in human diets, providing around 17% of global edible animal protein. Special attention is given to alternative sources of fish meal and how substitutions can influence the metabolism, immune response, and disease resistance of the targeted species. Moreover, the impact of plant extracts on growth performances, physiological responses, immunity, and intestinal health is addressed.
    Keywords: Pacific bluefin tuna ; squid meal ; krill meal ; heat treatment ; growth performance ; dietary protein ; glycolipid metabolism ; immune response ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; high temperature ; Macleaya cordata extract ; serum lipid ; antioxidant ability ; intestinal microbiota ; intestinal health ; Anguilla rostrata ; feed additives ; immune gene expressions ; antioxidant defensive system ; Spirulina ; digestive enzymes ; hepatic enzymes ; gene expression ; aquaculture ; cyanobacteria ; Bangladesh ; children ; dry fish ; malnutrition ; minerals ; nutrients ; protein ; vitamins ; women ; whitebait ; larval diet ; formulated feed ; PUFA ; HUFA ; herbal medicines ; growth ; striped catfish ; immunity ; largemouth bass ; pompano ; amberjack ; red drum ; algal oil ; olive flounder ; fish meal replacement ; meat meal ; regression analysis ; innate immune response ; Lamiaceae ; fish ; health ; antioxidant ; nutrition ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Yarrowia lipolytica ; Haematococcus pluvialis ; astaxanthin ; pigmentation deposit ; antioxidation ; Ctenopharyngodon idellus ; Phragmites australis ; serum biochemistry ; immune-related factors ; immune gene ; alternative protein source ; essential amino acid ; insect meal ; protein replacement ; T. tinca ; whole-body composition ; feed ; insects ; innovation ; sustainability ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAF Fisheries and related industries
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Weeds are the most important biological factor that affects yield in herbaceous and perennial crops. Nowadays, following the recommendations of government institutions and public opinion, there is an urgent need to search for sustainable weed management practices that have a low impact on the environment and on the health of living organisms. This reprint, established after closing the Special Issue “Sustainable Weed Management” edited by Dr. Alessia Restuccia and Dr. Aurelio Scavo, is a collection of papers (17 research articles and 1 review) related to the recent advancements in sustainable weed control methods and to the biotic and abiotic factors affecting weed adaptation.
    Keywords: cover crop ; weed management ; seed bank ; weed associations ; species richness ; multivariate analysis ; sustainability ; crop competition ; cultural management ; rainfall ; rain-fed agriculture ; seed production ; weed suppression ; weed density ; alternative weed management ; buffalobur ; crop and herbicide rotation ; herbicide efficacy ; surfactant ; terpenes ; mechanism of action ; germination inhibitors ; crops ; allelopathy ; phytochemicals ; P. hysterophorus ; germination ; growth ; herbicide resistance ; resistance mechanisms ; NTSR mechanisms ; TSR mechanisms ; metabolism ; organic ; no-till ; agroecology ; competition ; dispersal ; landscape ; oilseed rape ; sustainable weed management ; growth curve ; plant traits ; elevation gradient ; climate change ; invasive plant species ; Ophraella communa ; invasive species management ; contact herbicide ; pelargonic acid ; esterified seed oil ; foliar penetration ; adjuvant ; tank-mix partner ; non-chemical weed management ; rare weeds ; weed control ; winter wheat ; Chinese elm ; woody weed ; chemical control ; stem implantation ; Olea europaea L. ; Mediterranean basin ; agroecological practices ; minimum tillage ; zero tillage ; pollinating and predatory insects ; agroforestry ; intercropping ; consociation ; weeds ; barley ; false seedbed ; cropping system ; bioherbicides ; compost processing ; coniferous volatiles ; Pinus densiflora ; Pinus koraiensis ; thermal resistance ; durum wheat ; seed germination ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; Portulaca oleracea ; Stellaria media ; rice ; cultural methods ; herbicides ; impacts ; soil microorganisms ; soil enzymes ; Triticum durum ; soil seedbank ; species diversity ; weed communities ; old landraces ; multivariate statistics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The business model concept has gained a prominent position both in academia and among practitioners during the past 30+ years. The aim of this Special Issue of Systems is to contribute to a stronger theoretical basis for the business model concept. This includes a focus on the systemic character of business models and the systems approaches that this entails. Another important aspect is to allocate more attention to innovations of business models. The business models that emerged with e-commerce and e-business as such were in themselves innovations. However, innovations of business models have received too little attention. Most of the business models analyzed and discussed in the business model literature have been rather static instead of dynamic. This is the reason why this Special Issue of Systems, entitled ‘Business Model—the Perspective of Systems Thinking and Innovation’, has been developed.
    Keywords: digital business models ; digital economy ; network effects ; digital business model innovation ; digital innovation ; systems thinking ; Rich Picture ; complexity ; Netflix ; port supply chain ; blockchain ; smart contract ; probabilistic model checking ; luxury hotel ; COVID-19 ; marketing ; human resource ; efficiency ; TRIZ ; decision making ; social commerce ; e-commerce ; social media ; business model ; network steam ; business model innovation ; blitz canvas ; process-driven business models ; business model canvas ; lean startups ; adaptability ; ecological fitness ; entropy ; environment ; growth ; stability ; start-ups ; survival ; synchronous ; sustainability ; system design thinking ; system innovation ; designer ; open system approach ; product innovation ; attention allocation ; strategic attentions ; external information sources ; absorptive capacity ; organizational learning ; service design ; digital technology ; experience innovation ; cultural heritage ; supply chain system ; data sharing ; access control ; system verification ; supply chain ; data ownership ; data asset trading ; block chain ; demand-side economies of scope ; economies of scale ; Big Tech corporations ; business models ; system dynamics ; agriculture value chain ; farmers behavior ; fresh products production ; incumbents ; innovation management ; exploration ; renewal ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Redox reactions are involved in biochemistry, energy, corrosion, and much more. In both biology and electrochemistry, the redox reaction is complex and varied. For example, redox shuttles in supercapacitors show aspects of molecular electrochemistry applied to electrode porosity. In pseudocapacitors, the formalism associated with their electrochemical response requires investigation and formalism. Similarly, the simple definition of redox potential opens fundamental questions about its measurement in solutions without supporting salts. This book illustrates the variety of redox reactions in its examination of the importance of redox molecules in the development of new electrical energy storage devices.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRH Electrochemistry and magnetochemistry
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Rural development is an essential constituent of the global economy. However, within agriculture, a decrease in the quantity and quality of crop harvest and livestock productivity is observed due to a deterioration in soil fertility, environment, and irrational use of natural resources. At the same time, agricultural areas are under pressure from population growth, requiring more food production. As a result, it encourages people to move into intact primary areas in order to increase the area of crops, pastures, etc., which leads to the destruction of natural diversity. The solution to avoid disaster is increasing agricultural production efficiency to expand crop harvest and livestock productivity without deteriorating quality. It requires introducing innovative engineering technologies to agriculture. Fortunately, technology is developing rapidly nowadays, and new driving scientific forces are emerging. The Special Issue collected high-quality research and review articles from academics and industry-related researchers in the areas of Agricultural Engineering covering the following topics: harvesting and planting crops, livestock production, livestock and agrofood waste utilization, seed treatment and transportation, water treatment, agricultural robotic applications, solutions for digital and precision agriculture, hardware and software support for pest and weed control, machine learning, energy efficiency and conservation in agriculture.
    Keywords: microclimate ; ceiling fans ; electric thermal storage unit ; energy–saving ; heat supply system ; discrete element method ; soybean seed ; ellipsoidal shape ; parameter calibration ; rolling friction coefficient ; pulsed LED light ; continuous LED ; scanning LED light ; energy saving ; lettuce ; vertical farms ; growth ; cultivation ; pneumatic seeder ; pressure loss characteristics ; complex airway ; airway optimization ; harvesting ; force action ; potato ; working body ; harvesting machines ; device for assessing the suitability for harvesting ; transition metal ; charge compensator ; red emission ; artificial lighting ; photosynthetic pigments ; count red jujubes ; red jujube ; improved YOLOv5s ; ShuffleNet V2 Unit ; Stem ; BiFPN ; impact sprinkler ; non-circular nozzle ; water distribution ; aspect ratio ; 2D video disdrometer ; droplet kinetic energy distribution ; wild blueberry ; Vaccinium angustifolium ; Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi ; deep learning ; coordinated attention ; synthetic data ; prediction accuracy ; multi-objective evolutionary algorithms ; double wishbone mechanisms ; multibody dynamics ; pareto solution set ; amaranth inflorescence wastes ; pyrolysis ; thermogravimetric analysis ; hydrocarbon rich bio-oil ; indoor climate ; air cooling ; water-evaporative systems ; sprayed panels ; heat recovery units ; technological process ; rod elevator ; lifting angle ; displacement ; experiment ; cleaning machine ; grain plants seeds ; Fusarium ; photoluminescence ; linear regression models ; green cold chain delivery ; fresh agricultural products ; customer value ; time-dependent road network ; biomass ; Amaranthus retroflexus ; bio-oil ; biochar ; WCH ; DCH ; feed length of the stalk ; conveying performance ; fuel consumption ; high-voltage electrical pulse ; processing ; plant tissue ; irreversible damage ; intracellular structure ; green energy supply ; agricultural electrification ; high-efficiency photovoltaic equipment ; complex energy supply systems ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: We are living in a critical time, both for humanity and the planet, which has led us to look for more sustainable formulas to interact with the environment. One of the important changes in the design and operation of chemical processes is the search for environmentally friendly technologies. Supercritical carbon dioxide has been revealed as a promising environmentally friendly solvent that is energy efficient, selective and capable of reducing waste, making it a promising alternative to conventional organic solvents. However, reliable and versatile mathematical models of phase equilibrium thermodynamics are needed for the use of supercritical carbon dioxide in process design and viability studies. This book reviews experimental procedures for obtaining high-pressure phase equilibria data and describes the phase diagrams of binary mixtures and some thermodynamic models capable of determining the conditions of phase equilibria at high pressures. These concepts are applied to the components of the transesterification reaction of rac-2-pentanol with a vinyl ester, which is important in the pharmaceutical industry because (S)-2-pentanol can be obtained as a reaction product. This product is a key intermediate in the synthesis of drugs against Alzheimer’s disease.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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    Firenze University Press | L’economia della conoscenza: innovazione, produttività e crescita economica nei secoli XIII-XVIII / The knowledge economy: innovation, productivity and economic growth, 13th to 18th century
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The putting-out system of production was a key feature of England’s woollen cloth industry and is regarded by many historians as a step along the road to capitalism. This paper considers the evolution of the industry in the late Middle Ages, the emergence of clothiers and their dependent out-workers and the nature of the relationship between the two groups. A detailed analysis follows of the growth, between 1475 and 1510, in the value of textile related debt litigation in the Court of Common Pleas, and revised estimates are given for the scale of the industry and the size of the workforce in the early-sixteenth century. Thus an assessment can be made of the importance of the putting-out system and its contribution to the success of the textile industry at that time.
    Keywords: clothier ; growth ; industry ; putting-out ; woollen cloth ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In recent decades, artificial porous structures have attracted increasing enthusiasm from researchers inspired by the fascinating molecular pores in nature and their unique biological functions. Although substantial achievements in porous materials have been realized, the construction of topologically designed pores is still challenging. Recently, the emergence of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which are constructed based on organic and polymer chemistry, has made it possible to design artificial pores with controlled pore size, topology and interface properties. COFs are crystalline porous materials constructed by the precise reticulation of organic building blocks via dynamic covalent bonds. Distinct from non-covalent interactions which tend to produce isostructures, covalent bonds enable accurate pore design owing to their predetermined reaction pathways. In addition, the appropriate polycondensation of organic building units enables the formation of extended two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) polymer architectures with periodically ordered skeletons and well-defined pores. With their large surface area, tailorable structures, and tunable chemistry, COFs are regarded as potentially superior candidates for various applications including catalysis, energy storage and conversion, mass transport and biotechnology. This book examines the historic achievement of COFs, providing clear and comprehensive guidance for researchers on their structural design, synthetic protocols and functional exploration.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Fluoride covers a continuum of topics that are frequently studied in the broad area of fluoride (F) research. It provides an overview of the primary sources of environmental fluoride in typical high-fluoride environments and demonstrates the transitions and transformations that emerge and culminate in hydro-geochemical interactions that result in fluoride-fouling of large portions of the world’s water and agricultural resources. This way, the book pinpoints the connection between F enrichment of water sources and the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in certain areas of the world. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the global fluoride problem, new fluoride detection and quantification technologies are proposed with an in-depth analysis of emerging trends in the use of portable user-friendly devices in point-of-use measurements of water fluoride. This has been presented against the backdrop of a robust overview of traditional fluoride quantification methodologies that are still in wide application among the scientific communities. In addressing fluoride toxicities, which are not limited to dental and skeletal dilapidations, the authors have explored the role of natural antioxidants in ameliorating physiological fluoride-induced noxious effects in mammalian systems. Nonetheless, since community dependence on high-fluoride water due to a lack of alternative clean water sources remains to be the principal pathway of human fluoride over-exposure, a review chapter on F mitigation techniques applied all over the world is incorporated aiming at providing a succinct overview of water defluoridation techniques and strategies being used to combat the impacts of human F overexposure around the globe. Since every cloud has a silvery lining, the possibility of using ammonium fluorides as a novel reagent in mineral processing has been considered convenient industrial fluorinating agents, which present the possibility of complete regeneration that is not afforded by the reagents presently used in decomposing silicon component of the ores.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book discusses the chemistry and applications of pyridine derivatives. The library of pyridine derivatives is growing steadily with numerous synthetic analogues already described and the identification of new, naturally occurring pyridine-based compounds. The book includes ten chapters organized into two parts. The first part focuses on the numerous types of reactions that arise from pyridine derivatives. The second part examines the pharmaceutical applications of pyridine derivatives as well as their usefulness as sensors for metal cations and extracting agents for platinum group metals.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book discusses multiple issues associated with modern dosimetry in physics and treatment planning and how investigators from diverse world centers and institutions approach problem-solving in these important areas. It examines topics including pretreatment validation and factors affecting reference dosimetry. It also addresses unique issues affecting pediatric populations as well as the modern role of thermoluminescence validation. Several chapters discuss intensity modulation, including defining modern problems associated with both treatment planning and the definition of tumor and normal tissue contours. Furthermore, the book examines the role of imaging as both a vehicle to define tumor targets and normal tissue as well as a tool for dose validation.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRL Nuclear chemistry, photochemistry and radiation
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book comprises 14 chapters covering all the issues related to water desalination. These chapters emphasize the relationship between problems encountered with the use of feed water, the processes developed to address them, the operation of the required plants and solutions actually implemented. This compendium will assist designers, engineers and investigators to select the process and plant configuration that are most appropriate for the particular feed water to be used, for the geographic region considered, as well as for the characteristics required of the treated water produced. This survey offers a comprehensive, hierarchical and logical assessment of the entire desalination industry. It starts with the worldwide scarcity of water and energy, continues with the thermal - and membrane-based processes and, finally, presents the design and operation of large and small desalination plants. As such, it covers all the scientific, technological and economical aspects of this critical industry, not disregarding its environmental and social points of view. One of InTech's books has received widespread praise across a number of key publications. Desalination, Trends and Technologies (Ed. Schorr, M. 2011) has been reviewed in Corrosion Engineering, Science & Technology – the official magazine for the Institute of Materials, Minerals & Mining, and Taylor & Francis's Desalination Publications. Praised for its “multi-faceted content [which] contributes to enrich it,” and described as “an essential companion...[that] enables the reader to gain a deeper understanding of the desalination industry,” this book is testament to the quality improvements we have been striving towards over the last twelve months.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Light is the main source of energy for the primary process that sustains life on our planet, known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the strategy adopted by many living organisms for capturing and incorporating energy, and it is under this context that light is primarily experienced, explored, and exploited. Plants perceive information from the ambient environment and communicate with other organisms using light. They have developed a plethora of photoreceptors that permit this communication with the surrounding environment. Additionally, the physical properties of light, such as the spectral quality, irradiance, intensity, and photoperiod, play an integral role in the morphogenesis, growth, and metabolism of many biochemical pathways in plants.To facilitate photosynthesis in controlled environments, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been shown to offer interesting prospects for use in plant lighting designs in controlled-environment agriculture (greenhouses) and growth chambers for in vitro cultures. In high-technology greenhouses (for instance, vertical agriculture), artificial light may assume both assimilative (optimizing photosynthetic efficiency) and control functionality (guiding growth and development or the synthesis and accumulation of plant metabolites). In vitro cultures are regulated by different factors, and among them, light is the most important.
    Keywords: Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don ; alkaloid content ; callus ; in vitro culture ; LED lights ; light intensity ; saponarin ; isoorientin ; hexacosanol ; octacosanol ; fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase (FAR) ; blue LED ; flower bud formation ; number of flowers ; photoperiod ; photomorphogenesis ; blue photon flux density ; functional structural plant modelling ; indoor farming ; LED lighting ; artificial lighting ; energy use efficiency ; protected horticulture ; light exposure ; far-red illumination ; medicinal plants ; water use efficiency ; growth analysis ; canopy size ; incident light ; light interception ; light use efficiency ; mizuna ; projected canopy size ; quantum yield of photosystem II ; blue light ; Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) ; green light ; light-emitting diode (LED) ; morphology ; photosynthesis ; red light ; intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) ; photostationary state of phytochrome (PSS) ; photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) ; yield photon flux (YPF) ; medicinal plant ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; flavones ; metabolites ; light-emitting diode ; daily light integral ; volatile organic compounds ; energy consumption ; plant morphology ; biomass efficacy ; sodium lamps ; plants cultivation ; silicon fertilizer ; red-leaved lettuce ; green-leaved lettuce ; CoeLux® ; LEDs ; light spectrum ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; growth and development ; confined environment ; low light ; mint ; monoterpenes ; solid phase microextraction (SPME) ; hydroponics ; LED supplement ; LED light ; fluorescent light ; UV light ; elicitation ; plant secondary metabolites ; plant in vitro cultures ; LED ; ascorbic acid ; chlorophylls ; carotenoids ; light quality ; tomato ; greenhouse ; light spectra ; root stock ; photosensors ; host-pathogen interaction ; resistance genes ; gene regulation ; bacterial growth ; Erwinia amylovora ; circadian rhythms ; optogenetics ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; optimal control ; supplemental lighting in greenhouses ; image processing ; light-emitting diodes (LEDs) ; intra-canopy illumination ; interlighting ; bell pepper ; fruit set ; daily light integral (DLI) ; Lactuca sativa ; plant factory ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; carbon isotope discrimination ; light fluence rate ; growth regulators ; alfalfa ; growth ; adaption ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The Global Methane Initiative (GMI) is a voluntary international partnership that promotes methane recovery and reuse activities in developing and transition economies. The U.S. Department of State requested an evaluation of the activities and outcomes supported in whole or in part by its contributions to GMI to gauge its value added to the program.
    Keywords: Physics ; Environmental Science ; Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are pleased to introduce this collection of research papers entitled "Horticultural Plants Facing Stressful Conditions - Strategies for Stress Mitigation". This reprint comprises twelve research papers and a review paper exploring the impact of stress factors on plant growth and ways to eliminate or mitigate them. The studies investigate various plant species, including sunflowers, zinnias, orchids, buttercups, tomatoes, snap beans, lettuce, jojoba, grapevines, strawberries and apple trees. The impact of stress caused by high temperatures, spring frosts, drought, salinity, copper and asbestos on the physiological, biochemical and anatomical changes in plants at the cellular, tissue, organ and whole-plant levels was described by the authors. The presented issues are crucial for comprehending the metabolic, molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying the enhancement of plant resistance to environmental stresses. This reprint focuses on three essential topics: (1) using exogenous compounds and bioinoculants to increase stress tolerance, (2) improving the quality and nutritional value of fruits and vegetables and (3) planting ornamental plants in polluted areas. Each paper has been meticulously prepared and contains figures, tables and a list of references to support a deeper understanding of the subject matter. In our opinion, this revised reprint will benefit scientists who are specifically interested in horticulture, plant physiology, biochemistry, microbiology and environmental sustainability.
    Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum L. ; salinity ; quality ; nano-silicon ; plant hormones ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; temperature ; solar radiation ; tolerance ; pigments ; proteins ; zinnia ; redox-active metal ; cell-wall lignification ; phenolics ; phenylpropanoid metabolic-pathway genes ; landscaping of urban areas ; antioxidant systems ; brassinolide ; grapevine ; ion accumulation ; leaf anatomy ; salt stress ; ultrastructure ; brassinosteroids ; strawberry ; growth ; stress ; Orchidaceae ; ornamental plant introduction ; serpentine outcrops ; stressful conditions ; adaptive responses ; plant water status ; redox balance ; non-enzymatic antioxidants ; nonessential elements ; moderate salinity ; biofortification ; gas exchange ; Lactuca sativa L. ; jojoba ; proline ; malondialdehyde ; total phenolic content ; climate change ; seawater ; ion leakage ; priming of defense ; G proteins ; calcium signaling ; mitogen-activated protein kinase ; phytohormones ; SA signaling ; JA signaling ; reactive oxygen species ; antioxidant proteins ; defense genes ; buttercup ; melatonin ; POD activity ; STI ; antioxidant enzymes ; nutrient homeostasis ; osmolytes ; Phaseolus vulgaris L ; polyamine oxidation ; putrescine and saline conditions ; adaptogenic preparations ; foliar sprays ; tolerance of spring frosts ; yield ; fruit quality ; drought ; high temperature ; antioxidants ; free radicals ; photosynthesis ; lipid peroxidation ; mitigation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Progress in agricultural, biomedical and industrial applications' is a compilation of recent advances and developments in gas chromatography and its applications. The chapters cover various aspects of applications ranging from basic biological, biomedical applications to industrial applications. Book chapters analyze new developments in chromatographic columns, microextraction techniques, derivatisation techniques and pyrolysis techniques. The book also includes several aspects of basic chromatography techniques and is suitable for both young and advanced chromatographers. It includes some new developments in chromatography such as multidimensional chromatography, inverse chromatography and some discussions on two-dimensional chromatography. The topics covered include analysis of volatiles, toxicants, indoor air, petroleum hydrocarbons, organometallic compounds and natural products. The chapters were written by experts from various fields and clearly assisted by simple diagrams and tables. This book is highly recommended for chemists as well as non-chemists working in gas chromatography.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book discusses electrocatalysis and electrocatalysts for energy, water electrolysis, water treatment, CO2 conversion, and green chemistry. It reviews various electrocatalysts and their properties and electrochemical performances. The first section of the book covers topics in direct alcohol fuel cells including Pt-based electrocatalysts as non-carbon electrode support materials and the development of electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells. The second section of the book covers various topics in electrocatalysis and electrocatalysts for a cleaner environment, including electrocatalysts for the conversion of CO2 to valuable products and SYNGAS, electrocatalysts for water electrolysis, and much more.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRH Electrochemistry and magnetochemistry
    Language: English
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    Edward Elgar Publishing | Edward Elgar Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023-03-10
    Description: This book offers a critical reflection on the operation and effects of labour regulation. It articulates the broad goals and extensive potential for it to contribute to inclusive development, while also considering the limits of some areas of regulation and governance. Drawing on both field studies and innovative theoretical perspectives, the contributors reveal an emerging consensus that labour regulation is neither negative nor positive for economic and social outcomes. By comparing the concerns and methodologies of various disciplines, they argue that balanced regulation is essential. Following analysis of how the global financial crisis has increased labour market segmentation, the book addresses the needs of key groups often at the periphery, including young women, workers in the informal economy, migrants and home-care workers. The book argues that effective and efficient labour market regulation can contribute to achieving key policy goals of the formalization of employment and inclusive labour markets, while also pursuing equitable distribution. An important comparative work, academics and students – particularly those studying law, economics, political science, international relations and development studies – will find this book to be of exceptional value. Practitioners and policy-makers from both developed and developing countries will also benefit from the wide range of perspectives.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: governance ; development ; regulation ; labour ; informality ; vulnerable workers ; growth ; KCF ; LNH ; JHBL
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on applied research on growth traits, fat reserves, fatty acid profiles and enriched diets and their effects on reproduction, health status and welfare. The studies contained in the volume have been carried out in both monogastric organisms and ruminants, fish, broilers or pigeons. Fundamental studies with rats or mice are also presented. The reader will find novel research about the effects of the degree of fatness and muscularity determined by ultrasound method on sows´ reproductive performance, genetic studies on fatty acid profiles and growth traits in rabbits and Gilthead Seabream; nutritional studies addressing diets enriched with bee pollen in rats, postbiotics in male rabbits, concentrate and bypass supplementations in buffaloes; and interesting studies on the welfare assessment of meat sheep, rabbits, racing pigeons, broilers, alpacas and llamas using body condition measurements.
    Keywords: gilts ; litter ; parity ; sows ; ultrasonography ; Aloka SSD-500 ; acrylamide ; alcohol ; diet ; bone health ; biochemical analysis ; morphological analysis ; microcomputed tomography ; mice ; Cornelian cherry ; diabetes mellitus ; bone quality ; biochemistry ; histomorphometry ; Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats ; body condition ; fertility ; litter size variability ; rabbits ; selection ; estradiol ; foetuses ; leptin ; NEFA ; progesterone ; perirenal fat thickness ; placenta ; ovulation rate ; cross-fostering ; piglets ; growth performance ; stress status ; immunoglobulin ; buffaloes ; economy ; growth ; Murrah crossbred ; Swamp ; fermented food ; hepatic profile ; lactic acid bacteria ; postbiotic ; rabbit ; semen profile ; bee pollen ; nutrition ; bone structure ; rat ; body condition score ; body measurements ; fat depots ; goats ; prediction equation ; ultrasound ; bypass fat ; buffalo ; concentrate ; performance ; supplementation ; blood biochemical ; cost analysis ; animal-based measures ; indicators ; sheep welfare ; stress ; South American camelids ; anaemia ; nutritional status ; emaciation ; clinical scores ; haematology ; control population ; genetic parameters ; growth rate ; slaughter weight ; variability of growth traits ; weaning weight ; Columba livia domestica ; infectious diseases ; serum corticosterone ; welfare ; fatty acid profile ; heritability ; gilthead seabream ; body weight ; moisture ; fat ; collagen ; protein ; embryo ; MUFA ; ovulation ; PUFA ; SFA ; broiler ileum ; cold stimulation ; immunoglobulins ; cytokines ; toll-like receptors ; heat shock proteins ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Dive into the fascinating world of photosynthesis through the latest publications. This comprehensive work delves deep into the intricate regulatory mechanisms that underpin the vital process of photosynthesis. From the molecular reactions at the core to the overarching responses of entire plants, explore the diverse facets of this fundamental phenomenon. Discover how plants adeptly adapt to an ever-changing and often challenging environment. Gain valuable insights with real-world applications, spanning agriculture, forestry, and biotechnology. Whether you're a scientist, educator, or enthusiast, this reprint promises to unravel the mysteries of life's essential processes. Join us in this exploration of photosynthesis as we bridge the gap between scientific inquiry and practical knowledge, ensuring a sustainable future for both natural ecosystems and cultivated environments.
    Keywords: abiotic stressors ; environmental stress ; growth ; light intensity ; photosynthetic pigments ; picocyanobacteria ; plant physiology ; Alternaria brassicicola ; chlorophyll a fluorescence ; chloroplast ultrastructure ; defense response ; microarray ; photosynthesis ; susceptibility ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; extremely low frequency magnetic field ; Schumann resonance frequencies ; photosynthetic light reactions ; non-photochemical quenching ; quantum yield of photosystem II ; wheat ; pea ; endophytes ; culture filtrate ; exogenously hormone ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; antioxidant enzymes ; antioxidants ; carotenoids ; photochemical efficiency ; protein ; tocopherol ; xanthophyll cycle ; zeaxanthin ; root ; rhizosphere ; rhizobacteria ; root morphology ; abiotic stresses ; phase-sensitive imaging ; magnetopriming ; UV exclusion ; leaf venation ; leaf hydraulics ; high light ; thylakoid membrane ; microdomains ; photoprotection ; Synechocystis ; photoinhibition ; photosystems ; seed priming ; nanotechnology ; germination ; seed resistance ; sustainability ; cold plasma technology ; machine learning ; proton gradient regulation 5 (PGR5) ; PGR5-like photosynthetic phenotype 1 (PGRL1) ; photosynthetic electron transport ; PSI photoinhibition ; oxidation of P700 ; oxidative stress ; combined effect ; Pisum sativum L. ; nanoparticles ; cerium oxide ; zinc oxide ; metal uptake ; hydroponic culture ; photomorphogenesis ; Pinus sylvestris ; light of various spectral composition ; gene expression ; pigment content ; lipid droplets ; microalgae ; Raman spectroscopy ; Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ; cyanobacteria ; heavy metals ; nitrogenase ; heterocyst ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The discipline of aquaculture ecology is developing rapidly and has generated much valuable progress in recent decades. This reprint mainly describes the recent advances in the individual ecology of commercial aquatic organisms, the ecology of aquaculture systems, the interaction between aquaculture activities and the environment, the structure of function of microbial communities, the principles of environmental management in aquaculture ecosystems, etc. Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing human activities, and has achieved high and predictable yields in recent decades. However, the industry is also facing numerous long-term challenges, such as environmental pollution, excessive resource consumption, etc. Aquaculture ecology aims to lay an ecological foundation for the sustainable development of aquaculture. This reprint hosts 10 papers and 1 editorial, with topics including, but not limited to, the impact of floating raft aquaculture on the hydrodynamic environment of an open sea area; the bioremediation of aquaculture wastewater using seaweed; the production environment in biofloc systems; the effects of various environmental factors, including temperature, carbonate alkalinity and protein levels in compound feed on commercial aquatic species; advances in ecology research on major integrated rice field aquaculture models in China, etc. The advances in aquaculture ecology research collected in this reprint can provide references for the sustainable development of aquaculture.
    Keywords: aquaculture wastewater ; desiccation ; growth ; Neoporphyra ; nitrogen limitation ; NO3-N and PO4-P removal ; water velocity ; molasses ; PHBV ; water quality ; nitrification rate ; heterotrophic ; bacteria community ; bacterial function ; rice–crab co-culture ; Eriocheir sinensis ; dietary protein content ; ecological environment ; rice field ; integrated aquaculture ; ecology ; review ; prospects ; coupling degree ; eco-certification ; biochemical composition ; golden tide ; NO3-N uptake ; photosynthesis ; seaweed cultivation ; mud crab ; temperature ; molting ; energy metabolism ; floating raft aquaculture area ; open sea area ; hydrodynamic environment ; water exchange capacity ; numerical simulation ; carbonate alkalinity stress ; Exopalaemon carinicauda ; reproduction ; ovary ; eyestalk ; transcriptome ; growth performance ; bacterial community ; Bacillus pumilus BP-171 ; Penaeus vannamei ; Daphniopsis tibetana ; biology ; different habitats ; population growth parameters ; third-generation transcriptome sequencing ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Surfactants are ubiquitous and have applications in diverse areas, including food, cosmetics, detergents, lubricants, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), and targeted drug delivery systems. Their wide diversity of applications owes to their unique structure, namely, a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic group present in the same molecule. Although most surfactants used industrially are synthetic, there is a growing need for natural surfactants, as the latter is obtainable from renewable sources and are less toxic and highly biodegradable in contrast to their synthetic counterparts. This book is a compilation of interesting articles by various experts that cover various applications of both synthetic and natural surfactants.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRC Colloid chemistry
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The chemical sensor plays an essential role in the fields of environmental conservation and monitoring, disaster and disease prevention, and industrial analysis. A typical chemical sensor is a device that transforms chemical information in a selective and reversible way, ranging from the concentration of a specific sample component to total composition analysis, into an analytically useful signal. Much research work has been performed to achieve a chemical sensor with such excellent qualities as quick response, low cost, small size, superior sensitivity, good reversibility and selectivity, and excellent detection limit. This book introduces the latest advances on chemical sensors. It consists of 15 chapters composed by the researchers active in the field of chemical sensors, and is divided into 5 sections according to the classification following the principles of signal transducer. This collection of up-to-date information and the latest research progress on chemical sensor will provide valuable references and learning materials for all those working in the field of chemical sensors.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Distillation is an important separation technique that has been used for many centuries to exploit the volatility differences between components in a mixture. The distillation process has many variations and applications. This book includes two sections on desalination and reactive distillation. It discusses desalination in the processes of solar and membrane distillation, with a focus on the reduction of energy costs to obtain potable water. It also discusses reactive distillation, which can be used in some cases to reduce the power duty in the separation process by using the reaction heat directly in the separation. The book includes cases of mathematical modeling, simulation, and optimization of the distillation process.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Physical fitness is the basis for the success of players in sports, and its monitoring makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of training and identify possible errors. During training, thanks to the use of control results, these activities are modified, which better prepares players for competition. This Special Issue, entitled "Assessment of Physical Fitness and the Effect of Training in Individual Sports" presents the results of coaching control and the results of monitoring progression in training, as well as an assessment of the physical fitness of athletes practicing individual sports.
    Keywords: biomarkers ; heart damage ; swimming ; growth ; physical fitness ; technical and tactical indicator ; kickboxing ; martial arts ; athletes ; body composition ; combat sports ; dexterity ; handgrip ; foot ; ground pressure ; body balance ; football players ; judo ; technical and tactical preparation ; fighting rules ; anterior cruciate ligament ; ground reaction force ; knee injuries ; leg dominance ; agility ; explosive power ; first quick quickness ; flexibility ; neuromuscular fitness ; taekwondo ; physical characteristics ; systematic review ; normal distribution ; balance training ; real-time visual feedback ; smart wearable devices ; center of pressure ; skin temperature ; skin pH ; kickboxing contest ; exercise ; age groups ; electromyography ; rectus femoris ; training control: special fitness test ; training sessions ; verbal ; visual ; verbal–visual feedback ; vertical jump ; complex task ; plyometrics training ; dynamic balance ; quickness ; elite badminton player ; physical education and training ; sports injuries ; child ; triathlon training ; heart rate ; ventilation ; Ukemi ; creative intercorporeality ; collaborative work ; choreographers with and without disabilities ; social cognitive theory ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue, “Biotechnology Applications of Microalgae”, is focused on the latest novel advances related to the production of different bioactive compounds from microalgae and their biotechnological use.
    Keywords: enzymatic activity ; fluid dynamics ; microalgae ; oxidative stress ; static magnetic fields ; violaxanthin ; reactive oxygen species ; ascorbic acid ; glutathione ; tocopherols ; phenolic compounds ; carotenoids ; thraustochytrids ; antioxidants ; saturated fatty acids ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; transcriptomics ; sustainability ; industrial valorization ; carbon dioxide fixation ; biological activities ; phytosterol ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Phaeodactylum tricornutum ; Sparus aurata ; β-glucans ; pulse feeding ; immune tolerance ; salt stress ; seawater cultivation ; Internet of Things ; proteomics ; blue light ; astaxanthin ; fatty acid ; heme ; cell wall ; salicylic acid ; fucoxanthin ; green consumption ; food consumption ; amino acids ; carbohydrates ; radical scavenging activity (RSA) ; RP-HPLC ; Chromochloris zofingiensis ; lutein ; CO2 aeration ; cGMP-dependent kinase ; biodiesel ; microalgal biotechnology ; natural antioxidants ; Yarrowia lipolytica ; Chlorella vulgaris ; growth ; fatty acids ; Spirulina ; healthcare ; space missions ; medicine applications ; microgravity effects ; humic substances ; microalgae cultivation ; hormetic effects ; increased nutrient availability ; improved protection against abiotic stress ; higher accumulation of bioactive ingredients ; enhanced microalgal productivity ; Dunaliella salina ; chlorpropham ; herbicide ; phytoene ; Nannochloropsis ; mixotrophy ; photobioreactors ; CHN analysis ; metabolomics ; bioassay ; cell death pathway ; autophagy ; antitumoral activity ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: As an important unit operation, crystallization is a process in which nucleation, growth, agglomeration, and breakage are regulated to produce high-quality crystals and achieve efficient separation as well as purification. Since a crystallization process often presents the characteristics of strong coupling, nonlinearity, and large lagging, it is a challenge to rationally design a robust, well-characterized process to efficiently crystallize and prepare a high-quality crystalline product. The development of process analytical technology that can provide fast and accurate inline or online measurement is of great importance in the design and control of crystallization processes. Simulation technology, e.g., molecular dynamics simulation and hydrodynamics simulation, can provide time- or location-dependent insight into the process on multiple scales. These experimental and simulation tools can greatly help to further investigate crystallization processes. This Special Issue served to provide a platform for researchers to report results and findings in crystallization process technologies, simulation and process analytical technologies, and relevant crystallization studies.
    Keywords: crystals ; metal-organic frameworks ; Cu(II) ion ; 2D layer ; structural evolvement ; electronic polysilicon ; flow field ; temperature field ; boundary layer ; coupled furnaces ; florfenicol ; solubility ; binary solvent system ; cosolvency ; correlation model ; nanocrystals ; combinative technology ; aqueous solubility ; stability ; dissolution rate ; nucleation ; growth ; mesoscale ; precursor ; EMMS model ; vanadium pentoxide ; cathode ; doping ; rate performance ; crystal image analysis ; deep learning ; size measurement ; crystal growth rate ; silicon single crystals ; floating zone ; effective segregation coefficient ; numerical modelling ; Czochralski growth ; silicon ; crucible ; oxygen concentration ; calcium carbonate ; foreign salts ; antiscalants ; crystallization ; struvite ; fertilizer ; phosphorus ; ammonium ; wastewater ; stirring ; turbulence ; alumina hydrate ; boehmite ; ammonioalunite ; evolutionary process ; reaction crystallization ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: It is the aim of this paper to analyse the importance of (double-entry) bookkeeping for the economic development in Europe and its possible indirect influence on economic growth. Being one of the most important commercial techniques of the European merchants double-entry bookkeeping stayed in close relationship to the expansion of trade. So, the distribution of different bookkeeping techniques all over Western and Central Europe, took place, on one hand, through the extensive commercial contacts of Italian merchant-bankers with merchants of regions north of the Alps and because of the need of many non-Italian merchants to consolidate their commercial knowledge in Italy through specific studies and/or through acquiring practical knowledge. On the other, treaties on (double-entry) bookkeeping supported its diffusion. The study analyses examples of ledgers as ‘mirrors’ of their enterprises’ activities, and it will be shown how such ledgers served as instruments for reducing various risks of entrepreneurial engagement. As a result it will become clear that the knowledge of the technique of double-entry bookkeeping was one of the preconditions of the commercial and, later on, the industrial expansion of the Europeans, which made a significant difference to other merchant cultures in the world.
    Keywords: Accounting ; (double-entry) bookkeeping ; commerce ; economic development ; entrepreneurial risk ; growth ; merchants’ treatises ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue was to publish high-quality papers on poultry nutrition and the inter-relations between nutrition, metabolism, gut microflora, and poultry performance. Therefore, we present here original research articles in the following topics:- the nutrient requirements of poultry;- the impact of dietary fibre on poultry health and performance;- the use of feed additives to improve gut microflora and performance;- the effect of feeding on poultry meat and egg quality;- factors that cause variation in feed ingredients used in poultry diets;- alternative feed ingredients for use in poultry feed formulations;- the impact of gastrointestinal pH on nutrient bioavailability and the intestinal microbiota in poultry;- phytate and xylan ‘susceptibility’ in relation to the effects of enzymes;- factors that influence reactivity and enzyme efficacy;- in vitro models to determine the digestibility of poultry diets.
    Keywords: geese ; feeding ; rye ; oats ; slaughter value ; quality traits ; date by-product ; date stone ; poultry ; nutritive value ; production performance ; amino acids ; broiler ; heat stress ; heat tolerance ; protein metabolism ; microbial metabolites ; gastrointestinal peptides ; glycolipid metabolism ; chicken ; high temperature ; regulatory factors ; protein degradation ; growth ; broilers ; betaine ; performance ; meat quality ; blood constituents ; ZnNPs ; CurNPs ; Bacillus ; microbial aspects ; acute heat stress ; cecum metagenome ; insoluble fiber ; steam-exploded pine ; antioxidant ; growth performance ; gut microbiota ; quercetin ; protease ; dietary protein ; nutrient utilization ; organic ; aromatic plants ; laying hens ; Salvia officinalis L. ; malondialdehyde (MDA) ; Enterobacteriaceae ; poultry fat ; plasma lipid ; muscle FAs content ; aging corn ; oxidative stress ; broiler performance ; intestinal health ; microbiota ; fermented feed ; laying hen ; cecal microbiota ; gut health ; nutrition ; egg quality ; rapeseed cake ; fermentation ; hydrobarothermal treatment ; age ; amino acid ; barley ; corn ; digestibility ; PBMCs ; primary cell culture ; immunomodulating compounds ; breast ; carcass traits ; cinnamon bark ; L-arginine ; in ovo feeding ; antioxidant capacity ; slow-growing chicken ; non-starch polysaccharide degradation ; nutrient digestibility ; ginger ; hematological parameters ; curcumin ; physiological efficiency ; poultry welfare ; stress ; turkey ; neurodegeneration ; methionine ; lysine ; arginine ; Gallus domesticus ; Tribulus Terrestris ; histology ; liver ; kidney ; intestine ; phytase ; bone mineralization ; phytate phosphorus ; broiler chickens ; Acacia Senegal ; performance, gene expression ; morphology ; broiler breeder ; glycerol ; mineral ; superdosing ; yolk sac ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology & animal sciences
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Cyclodextrins (CDs) have attracted great interest from the research community as well as industries in an array of sectors because of their unique structural features. This book provides a comprehensive overview of CDs, beginning with their historical background. Chapters address such topics as the structure and physiochemical properties of CDs, advancements in the field, and potential applications of these materials in fields such as drug delivery and sensing. This book reveals new frontiers in the CD world and is a useful resource for organic, analytical, and supramolecular chemists as well as scientists engaged in biological and material sciences.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry::PNNP Polymer chemistry
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book presents a comprehensive overview of sorption, which is a multi-parametric separation process. It is extensively used in the removal of various pollutants from the tertiary stage of wastewater treatment, from leachates, etc. It discusses fundamental points of the technique as well as kinetic theories and isotherms. It also examines the synthesis and characterizations of all studied adsorbent materials to find their paths of sorption. Finally, it highlights the importance of having a cost-estimation plan for the synthesis of sorbent materials as well as predictions for their reusability.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry::PNRX Surface chemistry and adsorption
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focuses on fish otoliths, as one of the most useful and important biological structures for fishery scientists and managers around the world. Collected papers cover several different research areas, from the otolith macro- to the microstructure and microchemistry, analyzing different types of otoliths and investigating various freshwater and marine species in their larval, juvenile and adult stages. Special attention is given to different approaches in otolith research and to many practical applications of such studies. The obtained data served to determine the age and growth of individual fish; to study habitat interactions, migration patterns, or habitats that the fish live in; to detect water temperatures or the presence of certain pollutants in the environment; and to reveal all other vital information about the life history of the fish.
    Keywords: sagittal otolith ; somatic growth ; long-lived fishes ; ontogeny ; teleost anatomy ; development ; fish morphology ; Fourier ; marking ; alizarin complexone ; hard tissue ; fin ray ; otolith ; scale ; silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) ; age ; growth ; otoliths ; morphometry ; Sphyraena sphyraena ; fish age determination ; Greenland halibut ; deep learning ; dataset shift ; domain adaptation ; red snapper ; wavelet ; genetic diversity ; population structure ; asteriscus ; side effect ; otolith shape ; geographical effect ; temperature effect ; pH ; brook trout ; fish kill ; anadromy ; otolith microchemistry ; crucian carp ; strontium ; marking efficiency ; restocking ; time delay ; fish otoliths ; CNN ; age determination ; web tool ; Kokanee ; homing ; stocking ; Anguilla anguilla ; fish biology ; ecosystem variability ; minho river ; stock assessment ; Coilia nasus ; river estuary ; Yellow Sea ; elemental signature ; stable isotopic signature ; stock spatial structure ; atherinids ; trade-off ; daily growth ; spawning ; European hake ; length–frequency distribution ; sex-ratio ; hydro-morpho-sedimentary characteristics ; marginal increment analysis ; band deposition ; Thunnus thynnus ; growth curves ; edge analysis ; growth performance index ; quartile of marginal growth band method ; k-fold cross-validation ; back-calculation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Halophytes are a fascinating group of wild plants adapted to highly saline natural habitats, where most plant species and all our conventional crops would not survive. In fact, some halophytes can withstand even seawater salinity. In the current climate change scenario, increasing average temperatures and drought episodes contribute to the accelerated salinisation of irrigated cropland, especially in arid and semiarid regions, by the progressive accumulation in the soil of salts dissolved in irrigation water. This ‘secondary salinisation’ is one of the major causes of reducing crop yields worldwide. In this context, halophytes represent ideal experimental systems to investigate the mechanisms plants use to respond to high-salinity conditions. This knowledge will be essential for the genetic improvement of crop salt tolerance, which represents the most sensible strategy to address the abovementioned problem. Furthermore, halophytes could be the basis of a sustainable, ‘saline’ agriculture, after domestication and some breeding to improve agronomic characteristics. Then, they could be commercially cultivated for food, feed, fibre, or the production of biomolecules of industrial interest. Since they could be grown in saline land and irrigated with brackish water, they will not compete with our conventional crops for these limited resources, fertile land and good-quality water for irrigation. The articles included in this Special Issue address these different aspects of halophytes’ research, although most focus on basic studies on salt-tolerance mechanisms.
    Keywords: halophytes ; Amaranthaceae ; salinity ; antioxidant enzymes ; phenolic compounds ; salt stress ; growth responses ; ion accumulation ; osmolytes ; oxidative stress biomarkers ; antioxidants ; climate change ; growth ; osmolyte accumulation ; phytohormones ; polyamines ; salicylic acid ; biosaline agriculture ; salt tolerance ; osmotic stress ; pre-conditioning ; intraspecific variability ; bioactive compounds ; flavonoids ; fatty acids ; Suaeda ; physiology ; oxidative stress ; potential toxic elements ; betacyanin ; carbon ; nitrogen ; phytoremediation ; rice ; halophyte ; root ; microelectrode ion flux ; MIFE ; transporters ; inflorescences ; ion localization ; forage legumes ; ions ; mineral nutrition ; salinity tolerance ; strawberry clover ; morphology ; anatomy ; catalase ; peroxidase ; hydrogen peroxide ; chlorophyll content ; Sarcocornia fruticosa ; Salicornia europaea ; Salicornia veneta ; drought stress ; stress recovery ; ion transport ; oxidative stress markers ; salt glands ; recretohalophytes ; endemism ; water deficit ; osmolytes accumulation ; drought tolerance ; conservation programmes ; climate emergency ; crops’ wild relatives ; glycophytes ; salt tolerance mechanisms ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The issues relating to the functioning of the tourism economy include both the activities of tourism enterprises and spatial units, i.e., tourism destinations, as well as tourism demand, including tourists' purchasing behavior. The aim of the Special Issue of Economies is to present the current results of research on the functioning of the tourism market and its individual elements. The presented studies refer to four groups of issues: the foundations of the tourism industry, including general rules and economic mechanisms related to the operation of this industry market; the functioning of tourism entrepreneurs, especially in the tourism industry, mainly in the area of accommodation offers; the operation of tourist destinations and the available offers in tourist areas; the trends in tourist demand, including the purchasing behavior of tourists in tourist destinations.
    Keywords: campsites ; demand for camping tourism ; time series data ; income elasticity ; currency elasticity ; tourism infrastructure ; attracting international visitors ; transport and communications infrastructure ; hotel and restaurant industry ; recreation facilities ; senior tourism ; senior travelers ; travel motivations ; daily rate pricing ; holiday rentals ; hedonic pricing method ; Booking.com ; sharing economy ; Gibrat’s Law ; tourism ; growth ; system GMM estimator ; dynamic panel data ; Norway ; brand equity ; customer-based brand equity ; Croatia ; destination ; destination awareness ; destination brand ; destination image ; destination loyalty ; destination management ; destination quality ; visitors’ loyalty ; local community ; community development ; sustainable community ; tourism and renewable energy ; two-stage decision model ; zero expenditure ; dependent double-hurdle model ; demand for accommodation ; community-based tourism ; industrial tourism ; islands ; economics ; panel data ; APC model ; tourism destination ; natural value areas ; rural areas ; mobility problems ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Carotenoids are natural and versatile secondary metabolites, most of them showing colours that vary from yellow to red. They are widespread among living beings where they are involved in many biological roles reporting beneficial actions. To date, more than 750 carotenoids have been described in nature. Humans cannot synthesize carotenoids de novo, thus they are mainly obtained through diet. In fact, carotenoids are consistently found in tissues or biological fluids where they play a beneficial decreasing the risk of developing some diseases.During the last half-century, significant advances in carotenoids research have been made. This book highlights new perspectives and applications of carotenoids including characterization and isolation of new compounds (including rare carotenoids), their production at a mid-large scale (involving new innovative approaches), and uses of carotenoids in different biotechnological fields like food science, biomedicine, and cosmetics.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
    Language: English
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Infrared Spectroscopy - Perspectives and Applications is a compendium of contributions from experts in the field of infrared (IR) spectroscopy. This assembly of investigations and reviews provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals as well as the groundbreaking applications in the field. Chapters discuss IR spectroscopy applications in the food and biomedicine sectors and for measuring transport through polymer membranes, characterizing lignocellulosic biomasses, detecting adulterants, and characterizing enamel surface advancements. This book is an invaluable resource and reference for students, researchers, and other interested readers.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry::PNFS Spectrum analysis, spectrochemistry, mass spectrometry
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: In recent decades, crop breeding has greatly benefited from the knowledge of plant genomics and genetics, as well as the development of modern biotechnologies. Exploring the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms underlying various plant developmental and growth processes is imperative, as they underpin crop yield, grain quality, and stress adaptations. The goal of this Special Issue in IJMS, “Research on Plant Genomics and Breeding”, is to present an overview of the latest fundamental discoveries in the field of plant genomics, as well as the potential utilization of biotechnologies in crop genetic improvement. We welcome all readers to this Reprint that covers several fields: the genetic and functional characterization of genes regulating important plant development processes or agronomic traits; the genetic improvement in crops using gene editing and other modern biotechnologies; and the discovery, characterization, and application of germplasm resources with elite traits.
    Keywords: lotus ; genome ; variant ; germplasm ; breeding ; omics ; rapeseed ; root and biomass traits ; nitrogen stress ; GWAS ; RNA sequencing ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; gibberellins ; abscisic acid ; NF-YCs ; upland cotton ; senescence ; genomic region ; candidate gene ; GhMKK9 ; Oryza sativa L. ; leaf shape ; salt stress ; bulliform cells ; aquaporin ; okra ; growth ; NAC transcription factor ; flavonoid ; photosynthesis ; Tartary buckwheat ; H2O2 ; NaCl ; physiology and biochemistry ; Brassicaceae ; Brassica oleracea ; DFR ; MYBL2 ; SNP ; RNA ; CRISPR ; soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) ; cytoplasmic male sterility ; pollen abortion ; gene expression ; histone methylation ; protein arginine methyltransferase ; Zea mays L. ; abiotic stress ; functional analysis ; rice ; domestication ; genomic variation ; synonymous codon usage bias ; DNA methylation ; Oryza longistaminata ; rhizome ; sucrose ; RNA-Seq ; transcriptome ; fresh corn ; stalk sugar content ; agronomic traits ; genome-wide association analysis ; selective sweep ; single nucleotide polymorphisms ; multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) ; analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ; herbaceous peony ; germplasm resources ; global warming ; low latitudes ; gene family ; cis-acting element ; gene duplication events ; evolutionary relationship ; Areca catechu ; NRAMP ; Fe and Zn deficiency ; stress response ; salinity ; OsLPR5 ; ferroxidase ; stress ; parental imprinting ; transgenerational epigenetics ; paternal inheritance ; wheat ; TaCKX expression ; cytokinin ; yield ; kompetitive allele-specific PCR ; genetic validation ; water deficit ; MAS ; grain length ; re-sequencing ; fine mapping ; P450 protein ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: “This book provides an excellent analysis of regional innovation policy issues and developments with a wealth of examples, notably from OECD countries. Key policy areas, such as clusters, support services, and higher education institutions, are well documented. The research methodology is founded on the experience accumulated by the authors over several decades in many different countries in the context of a world class international organisation. This allows a good selection of policy relevant examples and an experienced presentation of them.” – Jean-Eric Aubert, Former programme manager, World Bank and OECD
    Keywords: regional innovation ; innovation ; societies ; growth ; divergence ; soft parameters ; policy instruments ; Higher Education institutions ; innovation policy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher education, tertiary education
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: This Special Issue provides a collection of recent research and reviews that investigate many areas of welfare assessment, such as novel approaches and technologies used to evaluate the welfare of farmed, captive, or wild animals. Research in this Special Issue includes welfare assessment related to pilot whales, finishing pigs, commercial turkey flocks, and dairy goats; the use of sensors or wearable technologies, such as heart rate monitors to assess sleep in dairy cows, ear tag sensors, and machine learning to assess commercial pig behaviour; non-invasive measures, such as video monitoring of behaviour, computer vision to analyse video footage of red foxes, remote camera traps of free-roaming wild horses, infrared thermography of effort and sport recovery in sport horses; telomere length and regulatory genes as novel biomarkers of stress in broiler chickens; the effect of environment on growth physiology and behaviour of laboratory rare minnows and housing system on anxiety, stress, fear, and immune function of laying hens; and discussions of natural behaviour in farm animal welfare and maintaining health, welfare, and productivity of commercial pig herds.
    Keywords: bioethics ; domestication ; genetic selection ; animal behavior ; animal welfare ; eye caruncle temperature ; Spanish Sport Horse ; performance test ; genetic lines ; heritability ; infrared thermography ; pigs ; welfare ; health ; herd management ; monitoring technologies ; animal husbandry ; welfare assessment ; wellbeing ; goat ; caprine ; dairy ; dairy cows ; heart rate ; sleep ; heart rate variability ; polysomnography ; animal-based welfare indicators ; camera traps ; wild horses ; precision swine farming ; ear tag pig sensor ; behavioral monitoring ; machine intelligence ; technology adoption ; broiler ; corticosterone ; performance ; telomeres ; telomere regulators ; stress biomarkers ; horse ; equine ; lying ; time budget ; locomotion ; geriatric ; orthopedic ; recumbency ; mixed commercial turkey flocks ; on-farm assessment ; YOLOv4 ; computer vision ; animal monitoring ; animal activity ; body posture ; rare minnow ; environmental enrichment ; growth ; physiology ; anxiety-like behavior ; enrichment ; hospitalization requirement ; lameness ; lesions ; tail biting ; attention bias ; conventional cage ; environmental complexity ; feather corticosterone ; IgA ; laying hen ; animal welfare assessment ; behaviour ; human intervention ; marine mammal ; cetacean ; management ; stranding ; wildlife ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue, “Plant Oxidative Stress: Biology, Physiology, and Mitigation”, published 11 original research works and 1 review article that discussed the various aspects of ROS Biology, metabolism, and the physiological mechanisms and approaches to mitigating oxidative stress. These types of research studies show further directions for the development of crop plants that are tolerant to abiotic stress in the era of climate change.
    Keywords: heat stress ; grafting ; cucumber ; bitter-melon rootstock ; polyamines ; photosynthesis ; salicylic acid ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; excess boron ; lipid peroxidation ; enzymatic antioxidant ; glutathione ; proline ; stomatal conductance ; arsenic stress ; soybean ; growth ; antioxidant enzymes ; ascorbate–glutathione cycle ; glyoxalase system ; altitudinal variation ; antioxidant activity ; bioactive compounds ; endemic species ; oxidative damage ; sequential application of antioxidants ; salinity ; Cucumis sativus ; photosynthetic efficiency ; antioxidant defense systems ; antioxidants ; cadmium ; oxidative stress ; peptone ; spinach ; alpha-tocopherol ; foliar spray ; okra varieties ; salt ; drought ; plants ; ROS ; genomics ; approaches ; integration ; abiotic stress ; antioxidant defense ; phytohormones ; pulse crop ; water deficit ; AsA-GSH pathway ; methylglyoxal ; micronutrient ; osmoregulation ; reactive oxygen species ; trace elements ; Olea europaea L. ; selenium biofortification ; olive pollen ; cytosolic Ca2+ ; Cucurbita pepo (L.) ; mineral uptake ; nucleic acids ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: This book is a collection of a group of peer-reviewed scientific papers dealing with both the evaluation and the solution of the complex but pressing problem of water source pollution. In the case of both fresh and marine water, the environmental and health protection aspects are closely linked. Monitoring activities supply continuous information on the contamination levels in inland surface, ground, and coastal waters, providing an alert in case of increased or new contamination and monitoring the effectiveness of remediation strategies. On the other hand, new or improved remediation and bioremediation tools are urgently needed to tackle the scarcity of safe drinking water. The papers in this book represent interesting starting points for future researches.
    Keywords: acute toxicity ; Daphnia magna ; electrochemical oxidation ; emerging contaminants ; methiocarb ; glucocorticoids ; TiO2-solar light degradation ; freshwater pollution ; photoproducts ; matrix constituents ; human health analysis ; water contamination ; water quality model ; hydraulic model ; WDS ; water quality sensors ; agrochemicals ; photo-reactor ; advanced oxidation processes ; water pollution ; point sources ; antioxidant enzymes ; pharmaceutical residues ; pesticides ; detergents ; integrative indexes ; groundwater pollution ; pollution costs ; economic environmental protection instruments ; physico-chemical parameters ; heavy metals ; health risk index ; Pearson coefficients ; adsorption ; dye ; MWCNT ; kinetics ; isotherm models ; thermodynamic ; bioaccumulation ; Lake Chapala ; carp ; catfish ; PTWI ; bioremediation ; ecotoxicology ; Gibbula umbilicalis ; marine bacteria ; tributyltin ; TBT-tolerance ; microalgae ; Vibrio fisheri ; benzenesulfonamide ; benzothiazole ; benzotriazole ; biotoxicity tests ; ferrous lactate ; in situ chemical reduction ; trichloroethylene (TCE) ; green and sustainable remediation (GSR) ; 1,4-dioxane ; dynamic ; pollution ; dumping site ; transport phenomena ; superfund ; enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) ; dense nonaqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) ; chlorinated hydrocarbons ; tetrachloroethene (PCE) ; trichloroethene (TCE) ; dichloroethene (DCE) ; anaerobic reduction ; metagenomics ; microplastics ; largemouth bass ; growth ; intestinal morphology ; intestinal microbiota ; PCBs ; monitoring ; biomonitoring ; statistical analysis ; Lake Baikal ; passive sampling ; trace contaminants ; seawater ; chromatography–mass spectrometry ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 64
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Mixed cropping, also known as inter-cropping or co-cultivation, is a plant production system that involves planting two or more species (or cultivars) in the same field in a variable order—row or rowless—simultaneously. Mixed cropping plays an important role in sustainable agriculture by adding value to crop rotations and agroecosystems. Scientific investigations on environmentally friendly mixed cropping should be supported by studies on the direct costs and long-term benefits that are the most relevant to farmers. Meeting the need to strengthen the scientific basis for mixed crops, the papers in this Special Issue enhance our understanding of the following: The selection of species and cultivars for a mixed crop system as well as the choice of agricultural treatments that will secure a stable yield of mixtures; Inter- and intra- species competition of plants in a canopy; Ecological intensification approaches and opportunities for maximizing crop performance and yield in mixtures; The effects of mixed crops on crop rotations; The short- and long-term ecosystem benefits of mixtures; The effects on pests and the biodiversity of agroecosystems provided by mixtures; The economic aspects of adopting the mixtures in farms; The nutritive value of mixtures for livestock; Other topics related to the mixed cropping.
    Keywords: barley ; oats ; triticale ; yield ; leaf area index ; land equivalent ratio ; standard gross margin ; brachiaria ; cereal-livestock production ; perception ; push-pull technology ; smallholder farmers ; proximity effect ; border effect ; neighbor effect ; strip intercropping ; legume ; cereals ; Hordeum vulgare ; Lolium multiflorum ; phosphorus ; water stress ; competition indices ; plant development stages ; spring cereal mixtures ; grain yield ; protein yield ; metabolic energy yield ; differentiations of cereal mixture ; sustainable agriculture ; maize ; Zea mays L. ; biodiversity ; intercropping ; silage ; growth ; quality ; non-legume ; mixed crop ; herbivores ; pest population ; natural enemy ; cereal–legume mixture ; common vetch ; cultivar ; soil quality ; cereal-legume mixture ; organic farming ; conventional farming ; leaf greenness index ; seed yield ; yield components ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Nowadays, we are witnessing highly dynamic research activities related to the intriguing field of biodegradable materials with plastic-like properties. These activities are currently intensified by a strengthened public awareness of prevailing ecological issues connected to growing piles of plastic waste, microplastic formation, and increasing greenhouse gas emissions; this goes hand-in-hand with the ongoing depletion of fossil feedstocks, which are traditionally used to produce full carbon backbone polymers. To a steadily increasing extend, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters, a family of plastic-like materials with versatile material properties, are considered a future-oriented solution for diminishing these concerns. PHA production is based on renewable resources, and occurs in a bio-mediated fashion by the action of living organisms. If accomplished in an optimized way, PHA production and the entire PHA lifecycle are embedded into nature´s closed cycles of carbon. Holistic improvement of PHA production, applicable on an industrially relevant scale, calls for inter alia: consolidated knowledge about the enzymatic and genetic particularities of PHA accumulating organisms, in-depth understanding of the kinetics of the bioprocess, the selection of appropriate inexpensive fermentation feedstocks, tailoring the composition of PHA on the level of the monomeric constituents, optimized biotechnological engineering, and novel strategies for PHA recovery from biomass characterized by minor energy and chemical requirement.
    Keywords: polyhydroxyalkanoate ; PHOU ; water soluble PHA ; network ; tannic acid ; polyhydroxyalkanoates ; PHB ; PAT ; Synechocystis sp. PCC 6714 ; process monitoring ; ultrasound particle manipulation ; Tepidimonas taiwanensis ; grape pomace ; thermophiles ; cheese whey ; acetic acid ; Acetobacter pasteurianus C1 ; Bacillus sp. CYR-1 ; PHA ; biodegradable plastic ; PHBHHx ; CO2 ; Cupriavidus necator ; hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium ; biopolymers ; commercialization ; copolyester ; homopolyester ; polyhydroxybutyrate ; biopolymer ; plasticizer ; ferulic acid ; poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) ; cell retention ; volatile fatty acids ; Bacillus megaterium ; polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) ; polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) ; mixed microbial cultures ; activated sludge ; respiration kinetics ; Monod kinetics ; oxygen mass balance ; hysteresis ; process modelling ; sugar beet molasses ; hydrolysis ; synthesis ; properties of PHA ; cyanobacteria ; habitat conditions ; sampling ; wild types ; single species selection ; purification ; axenic cultures ; growth ; non-phototrophic CO2 assimilation ; Knallgas cultivation ; Chemolithotrophs ; ATEX compliant bioreactor ; dissolved oxygen control ; mcl-PHAs ; scl-PHAs ; polythioester ; 3-hydroxybutyrate ; bioplastic ; alpha-methylated ; rubber-like elasticity ; polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) ; poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(HB-co-HV)) ; mixed microbial culture (MMC) ; hypochlorite digestion ; subcritical water (SBW) ; autotrophs ; biopolyesters ; industrialization ; mcl-PHA ; polymer processing ; polymer recovery ; process design ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Asset pricing, investment, and trading strategies are very important in finance. They are useful in various situations, for example, supporting the decision-making process of choosing investments; determining the asset-specific required rate of return on the investment; pricing derivatives for trading or hedging; getting portfolios from fixed incomes or bonds, stocks, and other assets; evaluating diverse portfolios; determining macroeconomic variables affecting market prices; calculating option prices; and incorporating features such as mean reversion and volatility, etc. They can also be applied in financial forecast for assets, portfolios, business projects.Understanding, modeling, and using various asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies is paramount in many different areas of finance and investment, including banking, stocks, bonds, currencies, and related financial derivatives. Different asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies also allow us to compare the performances of different variables through the analysis of empirical real-world data.This Special Issue on "Asset Pricing, Investment, and Trading Strategies” will be devoted to advancements in the theoretical development of various asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies as well as to their applications.The Special Issue will encompass innovative theoretical developments, challenging and exciting practical applications, and interesting case studies in the development and analysis of various asset pricing models, investment models, and models for different trading strategies in finance and cognate disciplines.
    Keywords: quantile ; correlogram ; dependence ; predictability ; market efficiency ; state ownership ; risk-taking behavior ; investment ; Vietnam ; GMM ; nonlinearity ; trading strategy ; trade-offs ; transport operations ; competitiveness ; sustainability ; growth ; ARDL ; stock exchange ; capitalization ; turnover ; value traded ; agricultural commodity future prices ; extreme value ; NON-stationary Extreme Value Analysis (NEVA) ; Newton-optimal method ; high-frequency data ; market liquidity ; sovereign bonds ; spillover ; backwardation ; economic regimes ; momentum strategy ; systematic trading ; jumps identification ; swap variance ; integrated volatility ; realized volatility ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The production of industrial and bioenergy crops has been the subject of scientific research for many years; however, the implementation of previously proposed solutions for commercial production is still at an early stage. It should be emphasized that when developing the production of industrial and bioenergy crops on agricultural lands, it is important to avoid land-use competition with the production of food and feed. It is well justified, for initiating the sustainable production of industrial and bioenergy crops, to promote efficient species for growing on marginal lands, which are unsuitable or less suitable for food or feed production. Another important point is that industrial and bioenergy crops should include nonfood and nonfeed crops and generate agricultural products categorized as commodities and/or raw materials for industrial goods and bioenergy. These industrial and bioenergy crops can become an important source of biomass. Of course, the concept of their cultivation for nonfood (and/or nonfeed) uses is not new but, despite considerable investment in research and development, little progress has been made with regard to the introduction of such crops and their products into the market. Therefore, the papers focus on innovations and perspectives regarding sustainable industrial and bioenergy crops production, logistic chains, biomass quality, utilization and cascade biomass use for bioeconomy, socio-economic and energy analyses, etc.
    Keywords: harvesting ; work productivity ; supply chain ; harvesting efficiency ; Salix ; genoype × site interaction ; survivability ; biometric features ; plant height ; fresh biomass yield ; dry biomass yield ; Miscanthus ; nitrogen fertilization ; rhizomes ; stem ; leaves ; consumer choices ; eucalyptus ; firewood ; Italy ; multilevel logistic regression model ; willingness to consume ; tobacco biomass ; energy yield ; higher heating value ; biogas potential ; Nicotiana tabacum ; energy crops ; planting density ; calorific value ; SRC ; hulled wheat species ; energy ; life cycle assessment ; Tenebrio molitor ; edible insects ; larval development ; feed conversion ratio ; agricultural and industrial residues ; lignocellulosic biomass ; bioconversion ; agroforestry ; biodiversity ; bioeconomy ; biomass supply ; circular economy ; organic farming ; perennial crops ; quarry ; syntropy ; vegetation restoration ; willow ; varieties ; yield ; marginal soil ; biological diversity ; marginal land ; cup plant ; perennial energy crop ; energy expenses ; biogas ; biomass yield ; willow SRC ; energy plants ; ground beetles ; Carabidae ; ecosystem services ; invertebrate biodiversity ; willow-leaf sunflower ; Jerusalem artichoke ; supercritical extraction ; water as co-solvent ; antimicrobial activity ; biocidal effect ; bioenergy crop ; groundwater ; growth ; invasive potential ; reproductive potential ; Silphium perfoliatum ; soil moisture ; water table distance ; energy biomass ; yields ; invasive behavior ; economics ; common osier ; fertilization ; dry matter yield ; soil chemical parameters ; soil bulk density ; water-stable aggregates ; soil microbial carbon ; willow browse ; soluble carbohydrates ; browsing damage ; cervids ; gas chromatography ; aboveground ; belowground part of Miscanthus × giganteus ; ash ; potassium ; calcium ; sulphur content ; uptake ; bioproduction ; CAP payments ; sustainable agriculture ; Poland ; unutilized agricultural areas (uUAA) ; abandoned areas ; land use and land-use change ; carbon sequestration ; soil properties (physical and chemical) ; polyphenols ; supercritical CO2 extraction ; perennial industrial crops ; antioxidant activity ; silvergrass ; willowleaf sunflower ; prairie cordgrass ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This book compiles the cutting-edge research published in the Special Issue “Emerging Issues in Occupational Health Psychology” (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health). The articles included in this book use strong and innovative theoretical approaches to provide evidence regarding the importance of working characteristics and resources to promote healthier and more sustainable environments in which employees can be happy and productive.
    Keywords: coronary artery disease ; mental exertion ; physical performance ; psychometric properties ; multidimensional fatigue inventory ; fatigue ; reliability and validity ; rehabilitation ; kindergarten teacher ; mindfulness ; emotional intelligence (EI) ; psychological distress ; anxiety ; depression ; emergency ; healthcare workers ; infectious disease ; insomnia ; logistic regression ; organizational justice ; SARS-CoV-2 ; sleep ; biological sex ; gender diversity ; masculinity traits ; femininity traits ; work and family demands ; work and family conflict ; Chinese culture ; systematic review ; occupational trauma ; posttraumatic stress disorder ; occupational accident ; occupational disease ; job crafting ; work engagement ; perceived work group member status diversity ; creativity ; diary study ; work ability ; gender ; age ; occupational risk ; mediation ; entrepreneurial team ; environmental dynamism ; individual innovation ; uncertainty reduction theory ; information exchange behavior ; psychological wellbeing ; proactive performance ; leader-member exchange ; team-member exchange ; job characteristics ; paradoxical leadership ; career resilience ; task performance ; self-regulation theory ; perceived green HRM ; green psychological climate ; harmonious environmental passion ; voluntary workplace green behavior ; green creativity ; employee well-being ; work stress ; latent profiles ; biomarkers ; hormones ; cortisol ; glycemia ; presenteeism ; productivity ; mental health ; technostress ; education ; dark side ; information overload ; skepticism ; inefficacy ; confirmatory factor analysis ; affective events ; sensitization-satiation effects ; job demands-resources model ; experience sampling ; growth curve modeling ; work adjustment ; remote work ; structural factors ; relational factors ; contextual factors ; COVID-19 pandemic ; COVID-19 ; PTSD ; pattern ; intrusion ; hyperarousal ; avoidance ; interpersonal conflict ; burnout ; job satisfaction ; service quality ; work-unit performance ; tourism and hospitality ; occupational health and well-being ; emotional demands ; workload ; role ambiguity ; multilevel modeling ; psychosocial workplace factors ; organizational health ; healthy leadership ; workplace health promotion ; qualitative study ; trauma ; growth ; psychological health ; workers’ wellbeing ; occupational health and safety ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-24
    Description: This addresses current advances and challenges in fisheries and aquaculture science. Exposure of larval fish to elevated temperatures during embryological development may induce craniofacial and morphological alterations, which are suggested possible impacts of global warming. Molecular markers shed new light on the ontogenetic migration of stream fishes. Fast growth rates, early age at maturity, moderate fecundity, and diverse diet explain the potential for introduced fishes to dominate fish communities in their native and introduced range. Taking videos of marine benthic habitats supports low-impact, real-time monitoring of species occurrence. Among heavily fished species, almost half had outdated demographic assessments that would benefit from the integration of data from fisheries sources and improved collaboration among fishery stakeholders and managers. The continued growth of aquaculture will depend upon developing feeds that improve the growth, oxidative status, and immune response of fed cultured organisms. New aquaculture feedstuffs might be derived from plants or microbes, and new additives would include ghrelins and dietary symbiotics. The effects of these constituents on survival, growth, gut histomorphology, immune response were assessed for cultured freshwater and marine species. The results provide suggestions for advances in aquafeeds for the species studied and for cultured fishes more generally. The scientific advances realized with the use of new tools provide the basis for addressing global challenges to fisheries, aquaculture and for ongoing scientific research.
    Keywords: Aurantiochytrium sp. ; docosahexaenoic acid ; histology ; Oreochromis niloticus ; physiology ; temperature ; underwater video ; ichthyofauna ; seagrass bed ; macroalgae soft substrate ; perireefal ; synbiotic ; acidifier ; organic salt ; humoral immune response ; antioxidant enzymes ; digestive enzymes ; disease resistance ; fishing importance ; FAO ; IUCN Red List ; RAM Legacy ; overfishing ; sustainability ; aquaculture feeds ; plant byproducts ; enzymatic pretreatment ; skeletal development ; ossification ; morphological alterations ; bullhead ; black bullhead ; ameiurus ; Ameiurus melas ; life history ; growth ; reproductive potential ; fecundity ; maturity ; sex ratio ; conservation planning ; dispersal ; genetic markers ; mating system ; parentage analysis ; visual tags ; aquaculture ; ghrelin ; gilthead sea bream ; growth hormone secretagogue ; feed intake ; metabolism ; welfare ; alternative ingredients ; gut digesta ; gut histomorphology ; gut mucosa ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAF Fisheries & related industries
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chemiebezogene Kompetenzen werden bereits im Sachunterricht der Grundschule entwickelt und sollen im Chemieunterricht der Sekundarstufe I aufgegriffen und weiterentwickelt werden. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die chemiebezogenen Kompetenzen der Schülerinnen und Schüler in der Übergangsphase zwischen Sachunterricht und Chemieunterricht zu analysieren. In einer Ergänzungsstudie wurden zusätzlich sowohl die Auswirkungen der Schulschließungen aufgrund der SARS-CoV-II Pandemie auf die Kompetenzen der Schülerinnen und Schüler als auch der Einfluss einer veränderten Testadministration untersucht. Insgesamt wurden die Kompetenzen von 2262 Lernenden der Jahrgangsstufen 5 bis 9 zu drei Messzeitpunkten analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die chemiebezogenen Kompetenzen sowohl zum Ende der Grundschulzeit als auch zu Beginn des Chemieunterrichts über alle Kompetenzbereiche hinweg sehr heterogen ausfallen. Dennoch sind sie zu Beginn des Chemieunterrichts in einigen Kompetenzbereichen höher ausgeprägt als zum Ende der Grundschulzeit. Nach den pandemiebedingten Schulschließungen waren die Kompetenzen ähnlich ausgeprägt wie in den gleichen Jahrgangsstufen vor den Schulschließungen. Eine während der Schulschließungen notwendige Bearbeitung der Testhefte von zu Hause aus führte vor allem bei den jüngeren Schülerinnen und Schülern zu besseren Testergebnissen als die Bearbeitung in der Schule. Um die Entwicklung chemiebezogener Kompetenzen in der Übergangsphase zu optimieren, sollte der Erwerb dieser Kompetenzen bereits im Sachunterricht einheitlicher gestaltet werden.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: German
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In 2005, the hybrid model was published by Prof. H.-D. Alber and Prof. P. Zhu as an alternative to the Allen-Cahn model for the description of phase field transformations. With low interfacial energy, it is more efficient, since the resolution of the diffuse interface is numerically broader for the same solution accuracy and allows coarser meshing. The solutions of both models are associated with energy minimisation and in this work the error terms introduced in the earlier publications are discussed and documented using one and two dimensional numerical simulations. In the last part of this book, phase field problems, initially not coupled with material equations, are combined with linear elasticity and, after simple introductory examples, a growing martensitic inclusion is simulated and compared with literature data. In addition to the confirmed numerical advantage, another phenomenon not previously described in the literature is found: with the hybrid model, in contrast to the examples calculated with the Allen-Cahn model, an inclusion driven mainly by curvature energy does not disappear completely. The opposite problem prevents inclusions from growing from very small initial configurations, but this fact can be remedied by a very finely chosen diffuse interface width and by analysing and adjusting the terms that generate the modelling errors. The last example shows that the hybrid model can be used with numerical advantages despite the above mentioned peculiarities.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Being the largest animal protein producer, the poultry industry is in the focus of mixed-diet consumers (from a welfare point of view, as a medium of functional foods, environmental issues, the use of antibiotics, etc.), as well as the livestock industry in general. The poultry industry is also extremely quick to uptake new technologies (such as biotechnology, mechanization, robotics, and climate and nutrient control) in order to be economically efficient and sustainable. There is constant pressure from pathogens and new threats, such as avian flu, that requires new treatments and biosecurity measures. There are many novel approaches and answers to these challenges. In breeding, molecular genetic tools (genomic selection and genome editing) can be used to increase production efficiency and fitness, especially immunity traits, or to characterize local genetic pools. The One Health approach, which requires a holistic approach, where genetics, nutrition, health treatment, and management need to be considered together, has gained ground in the poultry industry. The gut microbiome seems to be a good indicator of the balanced health of an animal. Artificial intelligence, built into robotic supervision and handling, helps to increase animal comfort and save costs in the workforce. Organic farming takes a different approach and faces different challenges. What could the possible answers be? We are facing a new era in poultry science. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the importance of new findings.
    Keywords: skin microbiota ; poultry ; welfare ; diet ; 16S rRNA gene ; amplicon sequencing ; ducks ; probiotic ; gut microbiome ; zinc ; imunity ; Ascaridia galli ; chicken ; microbiology ; poultry farming waste ; organic waste ; low protein diet ; broiler chickens ; N excretion ; Citrullus colocynthis ; lipid profile ; stress indicators ; physiological status ; productive performance ; laying hens ; ostrich ; meat production ; meat nutritive composition ; amino acids ; fatty acids ; minerals ; technological and organoleptic characteristics ; fattening turkey ; protein ; methionine ; growth ; hepatic lipidosis ; oxidative stress ; chicken breeds ; evolutionary lineages ; phenotypic traits ; NCAPG-LCORL ; synthetic genetic structure ; admixture ; laying hen ; non-caged ; non-trimmed ; beak abrasion ; behavior ; aggressiveness ; mortality ; lameness ; broiler chicken ; hypophosphatemic rickets ; Ca:P ratio ; phosphorus deficiency ; phosphorus requirement ; duration of onset ; animal nutrition ; animal husbandry ; composted pelletized poultry litter ; life cycle assessment ; Hosoya composting ; chemical fertilizers ; EU Green Deal ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Herbaceous field crops include several hundred plant species worldly widespread for different end-uses, from food to no-food applications. Among them are included cereals, grain legumes, sugar beet, potato, cotton, tobacco, sunflower, safflower, rape, flax, soybean, alfalfa, clover spp. and other fodder crops, but only 15–20 species play a relevant role for the worldly global economy. Nowadays, to meet the food demand of the ever-increasing world population in a scenario of decreased arable lands, the development of holistic agricultural management approaches to boost contemporaneously yield and quality of herbaceous field crops is essential. Accordingly, this book represents an up-to-date collection of the current understanding of the impact of several agricultural management factors (i.e., genetic selection, planting density and arrangement, fertilization, irrigation, weed control and harvest time) on the yield and qualitative performances of 11 field crops (wheat, cardoon, potato, clary sage, basil, sugarcane, canola, cotton, tomato, lettuce and hemp). On the whole, the topics covered in this book will ensure students and academic readers, such as plant physiologists, environmental scientists, biotechnologists, botanists, soil chemists and agronomists, to get the information about the recent research advances on the eco-sustainable management cultivation of herbaceous field crops, with a particular focus on varietal development, soil nutrient and water management, weed control, etc.
    Keywords: planting density ; fertilization ; the central composite design ; fiber yield ; analog optimization ; potato ; nitrogen fertilization ; environmental sustainability ; cost-effective ; nitrogen use efficiency ; tuber yield ; EONFR ; growth ; specific leaf nitrogen ; critical nitrogen uptake ; cotton ; dry matter yield ; root growth ; root physiology ; water productivity ; nitrogen productivity ; drip irrigation quota ; lint yield ; biomass ; leaf chlorophyll fluorescence ; leaf gas exchange ; leaf structure ; drought tolerance ; dry weight yield ; essential oil content ; leaf area index ; Ocimum basilicum ; potassium ; fertilizer ; biomass accumulation ; fiber quality ; organic farming system ; yield ; pH ; soluble solid content ; Bostwick viscosity ; phosphorus sensitivity ; phosphorus ; reproductive organ biomass ; nutrients accumulation ; plant density ; nitrogen fertilization rate ; photosynthesis rate ; SPAD readings ; nitrogen efficiency indices ; tuber nutritional composition ; cereal crops ; plant water extracts ; bioherbicides ; weed management ; allelopathy ; dual purpose canola ; nitrogen fertilizer ; oil content ; grazing ; sustainable agriculture ; integrated weed management ; yield losses ; preventive weed control ; mechanical weed control ; physical weed control ; biological weed control ; herbicides ; hybrids ; wheat ; weeds ; competition ; genetic gain ; genomic selection ; quantitative genetics ; sugarcane breeding ; pit plantation ; planting patterns ; ratoon crop ; sowing techniques ; sugarcane yield ; quality ; seasonal variation ; fatty acids ; free sugars ; chemical composition ; Cynara cardunculus L. ; cardoon ; organic acids ; clary sage ; essential oil ; aromatic plant species ; biometric and agronomic characteristics ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; organic farming ; calcareous soils ; crop physiology ; sustainability ; diatomaceous earth ; monosilicic acid ; Si application method ; soil water conditions ; wheat cultivar ; tocopherols ; lipidic fraction ; companion plants ; N-fertilization ; partial land equivalent ratio (PLER) ; weed control ; grain quality ; productivity ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Das selbstgesteuerte Experimentieren ist laut den nationalen Bildungsstandards sowie den Lehrplänen im Fach Chemie ein wichtiger Bestandteil der naturwissenschaftlichen Schulbildung. Offene Experimentierformen sind jedoch wenig etabliert. Um das selbstgesteuerte Experimentieren in die Unterrichtspraxis zu implementieren, wurde im Rahmen dieses Forschungsprojekts eine eintägige Lehrkräftefortbildung zur Konzeption von selbstgesteuerten Experimenten im Chemieunterricht durchgeführt. Dazu wurde ein literaturbasiertes Strukturierungskonzept entwickelt, mit dem die Lehrkräfte kochbuchartige Schulversuche zu selbstgesteuerten und kompetenzorientierten Experimenten mit beliebigen Öffnungsgraden modifizieren können. Begleitend zur Fortbildung wurde im Prä-Post-Follow-Up-Design das fachdidaktische Wissen der Teilnehmenden hinsichtlich der Planung von selbstgesteuerten Experimenten empirisch überprüft. Zur Erfassung dieses Konstrukts wurde ein neues Messinstrument literaturbasiert entwickelt und die Güte des Messinstruments evaluiert. Die Auswertungen zeigen, dass die Fortbildung hinsichtlich des fachdidaktischen Wissens der Lehrkräfte kurz- sowie langfristig lernförderlich ist und die Fortbildung von den Teilnehmenden positiv bewertet wird. Die Reliabilitätsanalyse sowie die Validierungsstudie zeigen, dass der Test sowohl reliabel als auch valide ist. In Folgestudien könnte die langfristige Verhaltensänderung der Lehrkräfte bezüglich der Implementierung des selbstgesteuerten Experimentierens in den Unterricht untersucht werden.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Science ; Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Aquaculture is an important economic activity for food production all around the world that has experienced an exponential growth during the last few decades. However, several weaknesses and bottlenecks still need to be addressed in order to improve the aquaculture productive system. The recent fast development of the omics technologies has provided scientists with meaningful tools to elucidate the molecular basis of their research interests. This reprint compiles different works about the use of transcriptomics and genomics technologies in different aspects of the aquaculture research, such as immunity, stress response, development, sexual dimorphism, among others, in a variety of fish and shellfish, and even in turtles. Different transcriptome (mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)), genome (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)), and metatranscriptome analyses were conducted to unravel those different aspects of interest.
    Keywords: RNA-Seq ; lncRNAs ; Dicentrarchus labrax ; viral infection ; nodavirus ; immune response ; fish ; T lymphocytes ; infection ; malnutrition ; inflammation ; aquaculture ; histopathology ; immunohistochemistry ; enteromyxosis ; Philasterides dicentrarchi ; turbot ; transcriptomics ; Chinese mitten crab ; Eriocheir sinensis ; transportome ; transporters ; salinity ; osmoregulation ; transcriptome ; meta-analysis ; gills ; short pentraxins ; c-reactive protein ; zebrafish ; transcript expression ; antiviral ; SVCV ; rag1 mutants ; skin ; mucosal immunity ; hypoxia ; hypo-metabolic state ; growth ; swimming performance ; metabolic landmarks ; muscle transcriptome ; glycolysis ; lipid metabolism ; protein turnover ; gilthead sea bream ; hepatopancreas necrosis disease ; metatranscriptomics sequencing ; hepatopancreatic flora ; teleost ; B cells ; single cell transcriptomics ; immunoglobulins ; immune markers ; transcription factors ; long non-coding RNAs ; hepatic transcript expression ; salmon ; microarray ; omega-6/omega-3 ratio ; nutrigenomics ; fatty acids ; liver ; muscle ; Misgurnus anguillicaudatus ; sexual size dimorphism ; polyploid size dimorphism ; comparative transcriptome ; gene expression ; edible red sea urchin ; Loxechinus albus ; RNA-seq ; reference transcriptome ; Chinese soft-shelled turtle ; Aeromonas hydrophila ; hemorrhagic sepsis ; molecular immunopathogenesis ; tripartite motif proteins ; B30.2 domain ; antiviral immunity ; Ctenopharyngodon idella ; grass carp reovirus ; metamorphosis ; brain ; RNA ; sequencing ; intermuscular bone ; development ; Megalobrama amblycephala ; Oreochromis niloticus ; histological structure ; Atlantic salmon ; smoltification ; genome ; mRNAs ; miRNAs ; sox family genes ; Pelodiscus sinensis ; estradiol ; pseudo-female ; sex-related ; heterosis ; heterobeltiosis ; environment ; transgressive genes ; conserved miRNA ; high-throughput sequencing ; lumpfish ; novel miRNA ; RT-qPCR ; heat shock protein ; co-chaperon network ; salinity-alkalinity adaptation ; molecular evolution ; Lateolabrax maculatus ; genomics ; stress response ; HPI-axis ; neuroendocrine-immune interaction ; common carp ; poly-unsaturated fatty acid ; fatty acid elongase ; association study ; genomic selection ; bulked segregant analysis ; SNP ; association analysis ; joint effect ; seawater adaptation ; microRNAs ; small-RNA sequencing ; microarray transcriptome ; European seabass ; chronic inflammation ; opioid receptors ; immune status ; whole-transcriptome sequencing ; sex differentiation ; non-coding RNAs ; ceRNA ; red cusk-eel ; thermal stress ; liver transcriptome ; oxidative damage ; protein folding ; hepatic enzymes ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAF Fisheries & related industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The purpose of this book was not to provide a comprehensive overview of the vast arena of how fungi and fungal metabolites are able to improve human and animal nutrition and health; rather, we, as Guest Editors, wished to encourage authors working in this field to publish their most recent work in this rapidly growing journal in order for the large readership to appreciate the full potential of wonderful and beneficial fungi. Thus, this Special Issue welcomed scientific contributions on applications of fungi and fungal metabolites, such as bioactive fatty acids, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc., with great potential in human and animal nutrition and health.
    Keywords: fungal pigment ; natural dye ; spalting ; Scytalidium cuboideum ; dramada ; sustainable clothing ; selenium ; biofortification ; transporters ; mycorrhizal fungi ; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) ; fungal pigments ; textile dyeing ; toxicity testing ; biotechnological approaches ; challenges ; limits ; Saccharomyces boulardii ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; probiotics ; gastrointestinal tract ; Alginate ; β-glucan ; oligosaccharides ; elicitation ; Sargassum species ; Sparassis latifolia ; polyphenol ; antioxidant ; agave mezcalero bagasse ; apple bagasse ; solid-state fermentation ; secondary metabolites ; Pleurotus ostreatus ; Endophytic fungi ; Hyptis dilatata ; Pestalotiopsis mangiferae ; Pestalotiopsis microspora ; chemical elicitors ; antibacterial activity ; LC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS ; yeast ; biological control ; postharvest decay ; fruit ; mycorrhizae ; elevated CO2 ; Thymus vulgare ; growth ; photosynthesis ; metabolites ; biological activity ; Candida albicans ; non-albicans Candida species ; Candida auris ; aromatic alcohols ; fungi ; metabolomics ; NTCD ; additives ; functional foods ; nutraceuticals ; sustainability ; healthy aging ; Mortierella alpina ; animal fat by-product ; arachidonic acid ; ATR-FTIR spectroscopy ; Mucor circinelloides ; high-throughput screening ; metal ions ; phosphorus ; lipids ; biofuel ; FTIR spectroscopy ; bioremediation ; co-production ; natural colorants ; filamentous fungi ; stirred-tank bioreactor ; biodegradable films ; food package ; bioactive compounds ; FIP ; human health ; immunomodulation ; induced apoptosis ; lectin ; medicinal mushrooms ; polysaccharide ; terpenes and terpenoids ; melanin ; carotenoids ; polyketides ; azaphilones ; antitumor ; medical roles ; sphinganine-analog mycotoxins ; fumonisins ; AAL-toxin ; chemical structure ; toxicity ; genetics and evolution ; biosynthesis ; livestock ; ewes ; energy ; cytokines ; yeasts ; liquid swine diets ; MALDI-TOF ; biochemical identification ; growth temperature Ancom Gas Production System ; Candida krusei ; Candida lambica ; M. purpureus ; red yeast rice ; cholesterol reduction ; probiotic potential ; natural colorant ; extraction ability ; marine fungi ; Talaromyces albobiverticillius ; aqueous two-phases system extraction ; ionic liquids ; feed additive ; probiotic ; Sporidiobolus ruineniae ; tannase ; micro-fungi ; macro-fungi ; Ganoderma ; kombucha ; anticancer ; carotenoid ; medicinal mushroom ; mycobiome ; antimicrobial ; antifungal ; bioconversion ; cheese ; dairy ; Sclerotinia ; secondary metabolite ; endophytic fungi ; uncommon secondary metabolites ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Creatine plays a critical role in cellular metabolism, primarily by binding with phosphate to form phosphocreatine (PCr) as well as shuttling high-energy phosphate compounds in and out of the mitochondria for metabolism. Increasing the dietary availability of creatine increases the tissue and cellular availability of PCr, and thereby enhances the ability to maintain high-energy states during intense exercise. For this reason, creatine monohydrate has been extensively studied as an ergogenic aid for exercise, training, and sport. Limitations in the ability to synthesize creatine and transport and/or store dietary creatine can impair metabolism and is a contributor to several disease states. Additionally, creatine provides an important source of energy during metabolically stressed states, particularly when oxygen availability is limited. Thus, researchers have assessed the role of creatine supplementation on health throughout the lifespan, as well as whether creatine availability may improve disease management and/or therapeutic outcomes. This book provides a comprehensive overview of scientific and medical evidence related to creatine's role in metabolism, health throughout the lifespan, and our current understanding of how creatine can promote brain, heart, vascular and immune health; reduce the severity of musculoskeletal and brain injury; and may provide therapeutic benefits in glucose management and diabetes, cancer therapy, inflammatory bowel disease, and post-viral fatigue.
    Keywords: ergogenic aids ; cellular metabolism ; phosphagens ; sarcopenia ; cognition ; diabetes ; creatine synthesis deficiencies ; concussion ; traumatic brain injury ; spinal cord injury ; muscle atrophy ; rehabilitation ; pregnancy ; immunity ; anti-inflammatory ; antioxidant ; anticancer ; creatine ; nutritional supplements ; fertility ; newborn ; development ; brain injury ; post-viral fatigue syndrome ; chronic fatigue syndrome ; GAA ; creatine kinase ; dietary supplements ; exercise ; skeletal muscle ; glycemic control ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; phosphorylcreatine ; dietary supplement ; ergogenic aid ; youth ; athletes ; osteoporosis ; osteosarcopenia ; frailty ; cachexia ; innate immunity ; adaptive immunity ; inflammation ; macrophage polarization ; cytotoxic T cells ; toll-like receptors ; vascular pathology ; cardiovascular disease ; oxidative stress ; vascular health ; female ; menstrual cycle ; hormones ; exercise performance ; menopause ; mood ; children ; height ; BMI-for-age ; stature-for-age ; growth ; phosphocreatine ; creatine transporter ; supplementation ; treatment ; heart ; heart failure ; ischemia ; myocardial infarction ; anthracycline ; cardiac toxicity ; energy metabolism ; cell survival ; bioinformatics ; systems biology ; cellular allostasis ; dynamic biosensor ; pleiotropic effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation ; inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) ; ulcerative colitis ; Crohn’s disease ; creatine kinase (CK) ; phosphocreatine (PCr) ; creatine transporter (CrT) ; intestinal epithelial cell protection ; intestinal tissue protection ; creatine perfusion ; organ transplantation ; Adenosine mono-phosphate (AMP) ; activated protein kinase (AMPK) ; liver kinase B1 (LKB1) ; mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; glucose transporter (GLUT) ; T cell antitumor immunity ; metabolic regulator ; cancer immunotherapy ; supplements ; muscle damage ; recovery ; immobilization ; atrophy ; muscular dystrophy ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Parkinson’s Disease ; cardiopulmonary disease ; mitochondrial cytopathy ; hypertrophy ; athletic performance ; weightlifting ; resistance exercise ; training ; muscular power ; muscular adaptation ; muscle fatigue ; adipose tissue ; muscle strength ; physiological adaptation ; mitochondria ; thermogenesis ; MAP kinase signaling system ; sodium-chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters ; signal transduction ; intradialytic creatine supplementation ; hemodialysis ; muscle ; protein energy wasting ; clinical trial ; muscle weakness ; chronic fatigue ; cognitive impairment ; depression ; anemia ; resistance training ; sports nutrition ; strength ; toxicity ; methylation ; hyperhomocysteinemia ; neuromodulation ; MCDA ; mitochondriopathia ; cardiac infarction ; long COVID ; hypoxia ; stroke ; neurodegenerative diseases ; noncommunicable disease ; adenosine 5′-monopnophosphate-activated protein kinase ; anthracyclines ; creatine supplementation ; cardiac signaling ; cardiotoxicity ; doxorubicin ; soy ; vegetarian/vegan diet ; amino acids ; dietary ingredients ; performance ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Konsumgüter werden beispielsweise mit Slogans wie "Gut in Bio. Schlecht in Chemie." beworben. Dabei wird intendiert, sich gezielt von "Chemie" abzugrenzen und sich das positive Bild von "Natur" zu Nutze zu machen. Dies prägt die öffentliche Meinung und trägt zu einer antagonistisch-wertenden Sicht von "Chemie" und "Natur" bei. Dass Chemie als Naturwissenschaft der Beschreibung der Natur dient, um deren Stoffe und Stoffumwandlungen zu erklären, ist dem Laien selten bewusst. Chemie findet überall statt, insbesondere in der Natur! Genau an diesem Punkt setzt das Unterrichtskonzept "Chemie Pur - Unterrichten in der Naturglqq an. Ziel ist es, im Freiland, mit direkt vor Ort gewonnenen Naturstoffen, Umweltprozesse experimentell zu erarbeiten. Die projektbegleitende Evaluationsstudie stellte sich der Forschungsfrage, wie sich das Unterrichtskonzept auf das Fach- und Sachinteresse, auf die Naturverbundenheit sowie auf die Einstellung zu Chemie und Natur von Schülerinnen und Schülern der Sekundarstufe II auswirkt. Die Auswertung der Fragebogenergebnisse mit latenten Veränderungsmodellen haben gezeigt, dass die Intervention im Freiland das inhaltsbezogene Sachinteresse steigert und die Einstellung zu Chemie und Natur positiv beeinflusst sowie ein erhöhten Fachwissenszuwachs ermöglicht. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse können die Grundlage für die Entwicklung und Evaluation von good-practice-Ansätzen naturwissenschaftlicher Lernsituationen bilden. Das Unterrichtskonzept Chemie Pur leistet zudem einen Beitrag im Bereich Outdoor Education, um den Antagonismus von Chemie und Natur zu verringern.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Science ; Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: German
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2023-05-10
    Description: The rising shortage of water resources in crop-producing regions worldwide and the need for irrigation optimisation call for sustainable water savings. The allocation of irrigation water will be an ever-increasing source of pressure because of vast agricultural demands under changing climatic conditions. Consequently, irrigation has to be closely linked with water-use efficiency with the aim of boosting productivity and improving food quality, singularly in those regions where problems of water shortages or collection and delivery are widespread. The present Special Issue (SI) showcases 19 original contributions, addressing water-use efficiency in the context of sustainable irrigation management to meet water scarcity conditions. These papers cover a wide range of subjects including (i) interaction mineral nutrition and irrigation in horticultural crops, (ii) sustainable irrigation in woody fruit crops, (iii) medicinal plants, (iv) industrial crops, and (v) other topics devoted to remote sensing techniques and crop water requirements, genotypes for drought tolerance, and agricultural management. The studies were carried out in both field and laboratory surveys, with modelling studies also being conducted, and a wide range of geographic regions are also covered. The collection of these manuscripts presented in this SI updates on and provides a relevant contribution for efficient saving water resources.
    Keywords: fruit size ; Manzanilla ; olive ; regulated deficit irrigation ; water potential ; water relation ; leaf area ; Manihot esculenta ; photosynthesis ; tuber ; water status ; antioxidant capacity ; bioactive compounds ; growth ; hydroxycinnamic acids ; hydroponics ; preformed plastic mulch film ; crop water productivity ; biodegradation ; crop productivity ; spray-on mulch ; water use efficiency ; almond cultivars ; crop physiological response ; irrigation water productivity ; nut yield ; drip irrigation ; silicon ; mineral nutrients ; oxidative stress ; osmolytes ; yield ; Zea mays ; ERP ; GIS ; internet of things ; precision agriculture ; quality ; environment ; water ; software ; platform ; web application ; crop coefficient ; drought stress ; evapotranspiration ; maize ; water productivity ; Prunus dulcis ; Vairo ; water stress ; sustained deficit irrigation ; quality markers ; leaf greenness index ; root morphology ; almond quality ; sustainability ; marketability ; semiarid Mediterranean environment ; root components ; yield components ; fruit quality ; deficit irrigation ; leaf area index ; harvest index ; photosynthetic rate ; transpiration rate ; greenhouse ; in vitro culture ; apple ; cherries ; midday stem water potential ; sap flow ; stomatal conductance ; FDR probes and daily fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation ; abiotic stress ; Linum album Ky. ex Boiss. ; morphological properties ; phenology ; pigments ; diversity ; root length density ; root weight density ; root-shoot relationships ; benefit-cost ratio ; nitrogen ; root growth ; tomato ; water saving ; Jerusalem artichoke ; mineral fertilization ; irrigation ; diseases ; fungi ; crop suitability ; remote sensing ; ALES-Arid ; SEBAL ; landsat ; crop-water requirements ; smart farming ; crop-production functions ; food quality ; crop physiological response to drought scenarios ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The practice of regular physical activity has been proposed as a determinant in many disciplines, from wellness to physiotherapy; in fact, it reduces the risks of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Moreover, physical exercise decreases the incidence of some types of cancer, such as breast and colon cancer. Finally, rehabilitation protocols need correct exercise training to reach the complete “return to play” of patients. Unfortunately, the mechanisms associated with the beneficial effects of physical activity are still under study. Therefore, advances in all aspects of sport and exercise medicine will be relevant for physicians, recreational sport practitioners and elite athletes. This was the aim of this Special Issue, “New trends in sport and exercise medicine”, which achieved great success. Sixteen papers have been published, which are briefly described below. They range from mobile applications in physiotherapy to changes in bioactive lipids in half-marathoners. However, sport and exercise medicine are broad subjects and require more papers to clarify their different aspects. Therefore, we proposed a new Special Issue to continue on this path and gain new insights into sport and exercise medicine.
    Keywords: rehabilitation ; compliance ; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) ; range of motion (ROM) ; self-efficacy ; behavioral design ; gamification ; microparticles ; microvesicles ; extracellular vesicles ; molecular markers ; cell–cell communication ; physical exercise ; physical activity ; angiogenesis ; secretome ; paracrine signaling ; cellular crosstalk ; ginseng ; performance ; recovery ; eccentric exercise ; inflammation ; allometry ; standing broad jump ; children ; growth ; maturity offset ; bench pull ; vertical jump ; power ; talent detection ; training ; insertional Achilles tendinopathy ; Achilles tendon moment arm ; suture bridge method ; cool-down strategy ; heart rate ; fatigue perception ; muscle strain ; quadriceps ; football ; invasive physiotherapy ; post-injury performance ; reinjury ; return to play ; autonomic nervous system ; cardiac autonomic regulation ; cardiorespiratory fitness ; daily training ; endurance ; secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (Sparc) ; exercise ; muscle performance ; metabolic phenotype ; lactate ; ageing ; high-impact weight-bearing exercise ; bone mineral density ; bone metabolic markers ; serum 25-(OH) D ; middle-aged premenopausal women ; ROS ; signal transduction ; aging ; air pollution ; lungs ; skeletal muscle mass ; muscular strength ; anaerobic power ; arterial stiffness ; cholinesterases ; heart rate variability ; autonomic recovery mechanisms ; sympathetic–parasympathetic modulation ; postexercise recovery ; ceramides ; cytokines ; diacylglycerol ; biomarkers ; n/a
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The papers included in this issue vary from research on pregnancy outcomes to screening and diagnosis of GDM, the use of new biomarkers, and the evaluation of long-term metabolic risk and intervention strategies postpartum in mothers and offspring.
    Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus ; treatment ; education ; group education ; long-term metabolic outcome ; offspring ; overweight ; obesity ; adiposity ; glucose intolerance ; abnormal glucose tolerance ; insulin resistance ; glucose tolerance ; Mediterranean diet ; nutritional intervention ; pregnancy nutrition ; biomarker ; insulin secretion ; pregnancy ; secretagogin ; gestational diabetes ; fetal ultrasound ; fetal anthropometry ; pregnancy outcomes ; neonatal complications ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; postpartum ; lifestyle intervention ; mobile-based ; bariatric surgery ; pregnancy outcome ; glucose homeostasis ; gastric bypass ; sleeve gastrectomy ; small-for-gestational age ; self-monitoring of blood glucose ; continuous glucose monitoring ; Institute of Medicine ; weight gain ; length of follow-up ; oral glucose tolerance test ; reproducibility ; diabetes ; hyperglycemia in pregnancy ; early gestational diabetes ; fetal malformations ; Australian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society (ADIPS) ; Australian Diabetes Society (ADS) ; COVID-19 ; pandemic ; Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZOG) ; GDM ; recurrence ; insulin sensitivity ; (early) pregnancy ; growth ; glucose ; LGA ; maternal health ; child health ; OGTT ; meal tolerance test ; postprandial ; early screening ; protein biomarker ; epidemiology ; twins ; pre-existing diabetes ; prevalence ; trends ; perinatal outcomes ; n/a
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Food allergy, a specific immune response that occurs reproducibly upon exposure to a food allergen, is an increasing public health problem, causing a significant burden for affected patients, resulting in dietary restrictions, fear of accidental ingestions and related risk of severe reactions, and reduced quality of life. Clinical presentation ranges from mild to life-threatening symptoms. Component-resolved diagnosis with recombinant allergens has improved the diagnosis and, consequently, clinical management. Currently, there is no specific treatment for food allergy, so the only available management is limited to strict dietary avoidance, education on prompt recognition of symptoms, and emergency treatment of adverse reaction. In parallel, novel knowledge on the pathogenesis of food allergy is opening the way to new trials investigating several allergen-specific and allergen non-specific therapies, aiming to prevent the development of food allergy and acquire a persistent food tolerance.
    Keywords: children ; adolescents ; eosinophilic esophagitis ; eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders ; growth ; failure to thrive ; malnutrition ; undernutrition ; obesity ; vitamin ; non-IgE gastrointestinal food allergy ; fecal biomarkers ; IgG and IgG4 ; allergen-specific lymphocyte stimulation test ; oral food challenge ; atopy patch test ; clinical score ; endoscopy ; reflux ; GER ; GERD ; cow’s milk allergy ; CMA ; infants ; hydrolyzed formula ; alginate ; thickened formula ; cross-reaction ; flour ; food allergy ; individualized diagnostics ; legumes ; lupine ; lipid transfer protein ; peanut ; profilin ; hazelnut ; hypersensitivity ; component-resolved diagnostics ; Cor a 1 ; Cor a 14 ; Cor a 9 ; IgE ; allergy ; environmental factors ; primary prevention ; functional abdominal pain disorders ; functional dyspepsia ; irritable bowel syndrome ; allergen ; sensitization ; Gly m 4 ; Caco-2/Immune cells co-culture ; cytokine ; nsLTP ; plant-food allergy ; Pru p 3 ; peach ; nut ; Rosaceae fruit ; ISAC ; monoclonal antibodies ; biologics ; adults ; almond ; almond allergens ; nutrition ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Environmental conditions and nutritional stress may greatly affect crop performance. Abiotic stresses such as temperature (cold, heat), water (drought, flooding), irradiance, salinity, nutrients, and heavy metals can strongly affect plant growth dynamics and the yield and quality of horticultural products. Such effects have become of greater importance during the course of global climate change. Different strategies and techniques can be used to detect, investigate, and mitigate the effects of environmental and nutritional stress. Horticultural crop management is moving towards digitized, precision management through wireless remote-control solutions, but data analysis, although a traditional approach, remains the basis of stress detection and crop management. This Special Issue summarizes the recent progress in agronomic management strategies to detect and reduce environmental and nutritional stress effects on the yield and quality of horticultural crops.
    Keywords: Capsicum annuum ; heat units ; plant population density ; hail damage ; baby corn ; non-leguminous cover crops ; chopping ; baby corn yield ; baby corn quality ; kharif season ; Thuja standishii × plicata ; container production ; nursery production ; volumetric water content ; vegetables ; water deficit ; climate change ; polyols ; minerals ; flavonoids ; carotenoids ; salinity ; evapotranspiration ; leaching fraction ; calcium ; cactus pear ; GA3 ; injection application ; spraying application ; lignification ; photosynthesis ; chlorophyll ; proline ; ion leakage ; susceptibility ; electrical conductivity ; greenhouse ; image processing ; nutrient stress ; remote sensing ; Bradyrhizobium ; temperature-dependent distribution ; nodule composition ; proliferation in soil ; infection ; French bean ; mangetout ; peas ; antioxidant ; ascorbic acid ; total phenolic content ; mineral composition ; Bradyrhizobium japonicum ; Bradyrhizobium elkanii ; temperature effects ; growth ; competitive infection ; biochemical constituents ; β-carotene ; vitamins ; micro-nutrients ; growing environments ; Brix ; TAcy ; nitrogen ; potassium ; compositional data ; cranberry yield parameters ; firmness ; local diagnosis ; redundancy analysis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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    The MIT Press | The MIT Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The original 1818 text of Mary Shelley's classic novel, with annotations and essays highlighting its scientific, ethical, and cautionary aspects. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein has endured in the popular imagination for two hundred years. Begun as a ghost story by an intellectually and socially precocious eighteen-year-old author during a cold and rainy summer on the shores of Lake Geneva, the dramatic tale of Victor Frankenstein and his stitched-together creature can be read as the ultimate parable of scientific hubris. Victor, “the modern Prometheus,” tried to do what he perhaps should have left to Nature: create life. Although the novel is most often discussed in literary-historical terms—as a seminal example of romanticism or as a groundbreaking early work of science fiction—Mary Shelley was keenly aware of contemporary scientific developments and incorporated them into her story. In our era of synthetic biology, artificial intelligence, robotics, and climate engineering, this edition of Frankenstein will resonate forcefully for readers with a background or interest in science and engineering, and anyone intrigued by the fundamental questions of creativity and responsibility. This edition of Frankenstein pairs the original 1818 version of the manuscript—meticulously line-edited and amended by Charles E. Robinson, one of the world's preeminent authorities on the text—with annotations and essays by leading scholars exploring the social and ethical aspects of scientific creativity raised by this remarkable story. The result is a unique and accessible edition of one of the most thought-provoking and influential novels ever written. Essays by Elizabeth Bear, Cory Doctorow, Heather E. Douglas, Josephine Johnston, Kate MacCord, Jane Maienschein, Anne K. Mellor, Alfred Nordmann
    Keywords: science fiction ; gothic ; horror ; European ; British ; literature ; fiction ; cautionary tale ; STEM ; science ; bioethics ; classic ; bicentennial ; Josephine Johnston ; Cory Doctorow ; Jane Maienschein ; Kate MacCord ; Alfred Nordmann ; Elizabeth Bear ; Anne K. Mellor ; Heather E. Douglas ; Frankenstein ; Creature ; Monster ; Mary Shelley ; Makers ; women in science ; science and anti-science ; values in science ; responsible innovation ; Industrial Revolution ; Mary Wollstonecraft ; William Godwin ; Percy Bysshe Shelley ; Galvanism ; Mount Tambora ; Myths ; Two Cultures ; epistolary novel ; Victor Frankenstein ; Geneva ; Prometheus ; Arctic ; Lord Byron ; John Polidori ; ghost stories ; Revisions ; Electricity ; Lightning ; Vitalism ; Chemistry ; Extinction ; Magnetism ; Moral responsibility ; Legal responsibility ; Social responsibility ; Consequences ; Obligations ; Ethics ; Maker Culture ; DIY ; Technology Adjacent Possible ; Facebook ; Surveillance ; Aristotle ; Fetal development ; Epigenesis ; Embryo ; Person ; Technoscience ; Alchemy ; uncanny valley ; animation ; complexity ; Morality ; Monstrosity ; Christianity ; Otherness ; Gender ; Nature ; Domestic Affections ; Women ; Sexuality ; Technical Sweetness ; Los Alamos ; Trinity Test ; Scientific Responsibility ; Nuclear Weapons ; adjacent possible ; synthetic biology ; robotics ; thema EDItEUR::F Fiction and Related items::FB Fiction: general and literary::FBC Classic fiction: general and literary ; thema EDItEUR::F Fiction and Related items::FL Science fiction::FLC Classic science fiction
    Language: English
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  • 85
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book is a collection of 12 peer-reviewed articles on freshwater invasive fish and is the first on this topic. It focuses on real-world lessons learned from managing common carp, bigheaded carp, sea lamprey, northern pike, and lake trout in different parts of the world. Articles also discuss damage caused by invasive fish, environmental DNA as means to measure spawning carp, and CO2 as a fish deterrent. Detailed critical evaluations of the possibility of using koi herpes virus to control common carp, market-driven fishing (invasivorism), as well as changes in lock and dam operating protocols to control bigheaded carps are also presented. Several important commonalities are noted between successful management efforts, including the simultaneous use of multiple integrated strategies, a focus on suppressing reproduction, and a deep local knowledge in an introductory article that provides context for the discipline.
    Keywords: suppression ; eradication ; rotenone ; fishery restoration ; northern pike ; salmon ; biocontrol ; Australia ; common carp ; Cyprinus carpio ; cyprinid herpesvirus 3 ; safety ; efficacy ; modelling ; risks ; adaptive management ; cutthroat trout ; ecosystem restoration ; nonnative fish suppression ; national park ; lake trout ; native species recovery ; Oncorhynchus ; predatory fish invasion ; Salvelinus ; trophic cascade ; wilderness preserve ; invasive species ; bigheaded carp ; biodiversity ; behavior ; physiology ; toxicity ; avoidance ; aquatic invasive species ; reservoir ecosystems ; ichthyoplankton ; Asian carp ; invasivorism ; commercial fishing ; Hypophthalmichthys ; Illinois River ; interference competition ; exploitative competition ; ruffe ; yellow perch ; growth ; diet ; integrated pest control ; source-sink ; sustainable ; micro-predators ; water quality ; population suppression ; lampricide ; sea lamprey ; Lake Champlain ; invasive ; incursion ; alien fish ; fyke net ; pest fish ; Lake Sorell ; Lake Crescent ; biotelemetry ; integrated pest management ; model ; hydraulic ; acoustic deterrent ; invasive fish ; conservation ; eDNA ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
    Language: English
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: When auralizing moving sound sources in Virtual Reality (VR) environments, the two main input parameters are the location and radiated signal of the source. An array measurement-based model is developed to characterize moving sound sources regarding the two parameters in this thesis. This model utilizes beamforming, i.e. delay and sum beamforming (DSB) and compressive beamforming (CB) to obtain the locations and signals of moving sound sources. A spiral and a pseudorandom microphone array are designed for DSB and CB, respectively, to yield good localization ability and meet the requirement of CB. The de-Dopplerization technique is incorporated in the time-domain DSB to address moving source problems. Time-domain transfer functions (TDTFs) are calculated in terms of the spatial locations within the steering window of the moving source. TDTFs then form the sensing matrix of CB, thus allowing CB to solve moving source problem. DSB and CB are further extended to localize moving sound sources, and the reconstructed signals from the beamforming outputs are investigated to obtain the source signals. Moreover, localization and signal reconstruction are evaluated through varying parameters in the beamforming procedures, i.e. steering position, steering window length and source speed for a moving periodic signal using DSB, and regularization parameter, signal to noise ratio (SNR), steering window length, source speed, array to source motion trajectory and mismatch for a moving engine signal using CB. The parameter studies show guidelines of parameter selection based on the given situations in this thesis for modeling moving source using beamforming. Both algorithms are able to reconstruct the moving signals in the given scenarios. Although CB outperforms DSB in terms of signal reconstruction under particular conditions, the localization abilities of the two algorithms are quite similar. The practicability of the model has been applied on pass-by measurements of a moving loudspeaker using the designed arrays, and the results can match the conclusions drawn above from simulations. Finally, a framework on how to apply the model for moving source auralization is proposed.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Technology & Engineering ; Construction ; Technology & Engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Neuere Erkenntnisse zum Umsatzverhalten an Dieseloxidationskatalysatoren (DOCs) zeigen, dass das Umsatzverhalten von Schadstoffen vom Oxidationsgrad der verwendeten Edelmetallkatalysatoren abhängen kann. Dabei wird deutlich, dass sich der Oxidationsgrad bei typischen Abgaszusammensetzungen langsam und reversibel mit der Katalysatortemperatur ändert. Das kann bei periodischen Katalysatortemperaturänderungen zu einem ausgeprägten Hystereseverhalten führen. Bisherige Ergebnisse liegen insbesondere zum Verhalten der NO-Oxidation an Platin-Katalysatoren vor. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es daher, die Untersuchungen auf seriennahe Pd- und PtPd-Mischkatalysatoren sowie auf andere abgastypische Schadstoffe, wie CO und Kohlenwasserstoffe, zu erweitern und dabei auch den Einfluss der Katalysatoralterung zu erfassen. Es wurde ein globalkinetisches Modell entwickelt und an die experimentellen Befunde angepasst. Dabei zeigte sich, dass es in der Regel möglich ist, das Umsatzverhalten bei reinen Pt- und Pd-Katalysatoren mit diesem örtlich eindimensionalen, makrokinetischen Zweiphasenmodell zutreffend zu beschreiben, wohingegen das Verhalten auf Pt/Pd-Mischkatalysatoren weniger gut simuliert werden kann. Dies ist vermutlich auf die heterogene Struktur der Pt/Pd-legierten Partikel zurückzuführen.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Technology & Engineering ; Chemical & Biochemical ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering
    Language: German
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  • 88
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Block copolymers with crystallizable blocks have moved into the focus of current research, owing to their unique self-assembly behaviour and properties. New synthetic concepts give, for example, even access to tetrablock copolymers with four crystalline blocks, bio-based thermoplastic elastomers (e.g., based on ABA triblock copolymers with poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) hard segments), and allow new, exciting insights into the interplay of microphase separation and crystallization in controlling self-assembly in bulk (confined vs. break-out crystalliza­tion).Concerning self-assembly in solution, crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) paved the way to a myriad of crystalline-core micellar structures and hierarchical super­structures that were not accessible before via self-assembly of fully amorphous block copolymers. This allows for the production of cylindrical micelles with defined lengths, length distribution, and corona chemistries (block type or patchy corona), as well as branched micelles and fascinating micellar superstructures (e.g., 2D lenticular platelets, scarf-shaped micelles, multidimensional micellar assemblies, and cross and “windmill”-like supermicelles).This Special Issue brings together new developments in the synthesis and self-assembly of block copolymers with crystallizable blocks and also addresses emerging applications for these exciting materials. It includes two reviews on CDSA and eight contributions spanning from membranes for gas separation to self-assembly in bulk and solution.
    Keywords: crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) ; crystalline-core micelles ; patchy micelles ; block copolymers ; crystal morphologies ; polymer crystallization ; nucleation mechanism ; scaling relations ; crystallization-driven self-assembly ; calcium alginate hydrogel ; cylindrical micelles ; poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polymethylene ; blends ; diblock copolymers ; ferroelectric phase ; semicrystalline block copolymers ; phase separation and crystallization ; epitaxial crystallization ; nanostructures ; kinetics ; fragmentation ; growth ; polypeptoids ; crystallization ; solution self-assembly ; triblock terpolymers ; polyethylene (PE) ; poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) ; poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) ; tricrystalline spherulites ; copolymer ; membrane ; hydrocarbon ; cohesive energy density ; gas separation ; semicrystalline polymer ; 3D confinement ; ABC triblock terpolymers ; degradation ; emulsification ; microparticles ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 89
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    In:  J.Oehlenschlaeger@gmx.net | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11132 | 1240 | 2013-04-08 18:42:57 | 11132 | Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: KurzfassungZahlreiche Fischereierzeugnisse aus dem Deutschen Handel wurden auf ihren Gehalt an Cholesterol hin analysiert. ZurAnalyse gelangten 38 verschiedene Dauerkonserven von acht Fischarten, 4 Produkte kalt geräucherter AtlantischerZuchtlachs in Scheiben, 10 Garnelenarten und 25 Fischstäbchenerzeugnisse von 5 Tierarten in Verbraucherpackungen. Bei den Dauerkonserven lagen die Gehalte zwischen 24 und 40 mg/100 g. Zwei Ausnahmen bildeten Sprottenkonserven mit durchschnittlich 107 mg/100 g und Oktopuskonserven mit 196 mg/100 g. Die Garnelenarten variierten zwischen 84 und 161 mg/100g. Die kalt geräucherten Lachsscheiben wiesen nur eine kleine Bandbreite im Cholesterolgehalt zwischen 38 und 43mg/100 g auf. Alle Fischstäbchen aus Magerfischen enthielten niedrige Gehalte an Cholesterol (Pangasius hypophthalmus 25, Seehecht 19, Seelachs 31 und Alaska Seehecht 28 mg/100 g), während die zwei Proben aus Tintenfischen über 100 mg/100 g lagen.AbstractNumerous fishery products from the German market have been analysed for their content of cholesterol. In total 38 different canned fishery products produced from 8 species, 4 products of sliced cold smoked Atlantic salmon, 10 species of crustacean shellfish and 25 different brands of consumer packages of fish fingers (produced from 5 species) were investigated. Canned fishery products contained amounts of cholesterol ranging from 24 to 40 mg/100 g. However, canned sprats exhibit cholesterol content as high as 107 mg/100g and canned octopus 196 mg/100 g. Crustacean shellfish was found to contain cholesterol content between 84 and 161 mg/100 g depending of species. Sliced cold smoked salmon in 200 g consumer packages showed only a little variation in cholesterol content (38-43 mg/100 g). In all fish fingers produced from lean fish species lowcholesterol content (pangasius or sutchi catfish 25, hake 19, saithe 31, and Alaska Pollack 28 mg/100 g, respectively) was found, whereas two products produced from squid exceeded 100 mg/100 g.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung - Information on Fishery Research in 2010
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Information Management ; fish products ; consumer protection ; chemical analysis ; nutrition advice ; healthy nutrition
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article
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    In:  hartmut.rehbein@mri.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11167 | 1240 | 2013-05-17 07:56:42 | 11167 | Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: To ensure the authentication of fishery products lacking biological characters, rapid species identification methods are required. Two DNA- and protein-based methods, PCR-SSCP (polymerase chain reaction - single strand conformation polymorphism) of a 464 bp segment of the cytochrome b – gene and isoelectric focusing (IEF) of water-soluble proteins from fish fillets, were applied to identify fillets of (sub-) tropical fish species available on the European market. Among the samples analysed weretwo taxonomically identified species from the family Sciaenidae and one from Sphyraenidae. By comparison of DNA- and protein patterns of different samples, information about intra-species variability of patterns,and homogeneity of batches (e.g. fillet blocks or bags) can be obtained. PCR-SSCP and IEF may be useful for pre-checking of a large number of samples by food control laboratories.ZusammenfassungZur Sicherstellung der Authentizität von Fischerei-Erzeugnissen ohne biologische Merkmale sind schnelle Verfahren zur Speziesidentifizierung hilfreich. Zwei Methoden der DNA- bzw. Protein-Analyse wurden eingesetzt, um Filets (sub-) tropischer Fischarten, die auf dem europäischen Markt angeboten werden, zu identifizieren. Bei diesen Methoden handelt es sich um die PCR-SSCP (Polymerase-Kettenreaktion – Einzelstrang-Konformationspolymorphismus) – Analyse der PCR-Produkte und die IEF (isoelektrische Fokussierung) der wasserlöslichen Fischmuskelproteine. Unter den untersuchten Proben waren zwei taxonomisch bestimmte Arten aus der Familie Sciaenidae und eine Spezies aus der Familie Sphyraenidae. Durch Vergleich der DNA- bzw. Proteinmuster lassen sich Informationen über die intra-spezifische Variabilität solcher Muster und die Einheitlichkeit von Partien (beispielsweise Filetblöcke oder Filetbeutel) gewinnen. PCR-SSCP und IEF könnenin Laboratorien der Lebensmittelüberwachung als Vortest gerade bei hohen Probenzahlen sinnvoll eingesetzt werden.
    Description: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung - Information on Fishery Research in 2010
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; fish species identification ; PCR ; SSCP ; IEF ; Sciaenidae ; Sphyraenidae ; Fischarten-Identifizierung
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    Type: article
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    In:  SF@ti.bund.de | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/12411 | 1240 | 2014-03-03 19:49:17 | 12411 | Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
    Publication Date: 2021-06-30
    Description: “Institut für Küsten- und Binnenfischerei” was an independent Institute. Later, it was transferred to the „Institut für Seefischerei“.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; feeding experiments ; Aquaculture ; Salmo gairdnerii ; Rainbow Trout ; penicillin residues ; fish feeding ; Vitamin T ; growth
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    Type: article
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  • 92
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    Texas Game and Fish Commission Marine Laboratory | Rockport, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14201 | 9596 | 2020-08-31 20:32:13 | 14201 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: Galveston Bay, Matagorda Bay, San Antonio Bay, Aransas Bay and South Bay areas were sampled at a total of nineteen stations to determine the population characteristics and fluctuations of oysters on the Texas coast. Population samples taken at monthly intervals from these stations showed heavy spat setting occurred in June 1962 and continued in moderation through December 1962. Survival of spat and seed class oysters ranged from moderate in Galveston Bay to excellent in the lower coastal bays. No extensive natural moralities were noted in any of the bay areas and the number of market-sized oysters increased in nearly all the bays. Dermocystidium marinum incidence maintained a high level, but no moralities were associated with the fungus. Oyster populations in Aransas Bay have recovered from the 1959 die-off and are once again approaching an overcrowded conditions for lack of harvesting. Artificial reefs, built in Aransas and Matagorda Bays, have been extremely successful and have attained the characteristics of natural oyster reefs.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; oysters ; marine molluscs ; population dynamics ; oyster reefs ; artificial reefs ; growth ; mortality
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    Type: book_section
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    Texas Game and Fish Commission Marine Laboratory | Rockport, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14207 | 9596 | 2020-08-23 22:50:08 | 14207 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: In order to obtain information on the characteristics of water and climate that prevail in Galveston Bay, East Bay, and West Bay, established stations were sampled regularly. Information derived from samples included water temperature and salinity. Additional information of this nature was derived from other bay studies. Information on river flow, air temperature and wind were derived from publications. Water temperatures were found to follow air temperatures closely. The prevailing winds in all but two months were on-shore winds. Salinities were found to vary inversely with the volume of fresh water entering the bays from the Trinity River. West Bay, due to its locations, is affected less than the other bays by fresh water from the Trinity River. Vertical and horizontal salinity gradients were found to be the normal pattern in East Bay and Galveston Bay. West Bay, with two major passes to the Gulf of Mexico and with no major source of fresh water, normally maintained higher salinities than the other bays.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Oceanography ; GBIC ; hydrography ; meteorology ; salinity gradients ; temperature ; salinity ; water sampling
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section
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    South Central Environmental Center, NUS Corporation | Houston, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14172 | 9596 | 2020-08-31 20:26:12 | 14172 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: In May 1979, Contract No. DACW64-79-C-0037, for performance of bioassays and bioaccumulation studies, chemical analyses of sediments, seawater and elutriate materials, and appropriate statistical analyses of samples obtained from the Galveston Harbor and Sabine-Neches Waterway Channels, was awarded to NUS Corporation by the Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District. These studies are part of a continuing evaluation of the potential environmental effects of proposed ocean disposal of dredged materials and are required for compliance with provisions of Section 103 of the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (PL 92-532). This final report presents the results of dredged material evaluations for the Galveston Harbor Channel project area.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; bioassay ; chemical analyses ; statistical analyses ; water quality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Format: application/pdf
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  • 95
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    Texas Parks and Wildlife Department | Austin, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14185 | 9596 | 2020-08-31 20:28:08 | 14185 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: Postlarvae were found entering Aransas Bay in appreciable numbers in the spring of 1963. Late post-larval and early juvenile stages of brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus, were found in tertiary bays in April. White shrimp, P. setiferus were found in May and June. Brown shrimp grew about 0.8 mm per day, while white shrimp grew about 1.1 mm per day. The first wave appeared to be smaller than latter waves. Small brown shrimp were found moving through the inshore Gulf in large numbers in June and July. White shrimp reached a larger size in the bays in June and July. White shrimp reached a larger size in the bays and supported a large commercial bay fishery. Late fall waves of white shrimp left the bays at a smaller size (probably to escape low water temperatures). Preliminary data indicate the 1963 shrimp landings increased 25% over 1962 landings.
    Keywords: Ecology ; penaeid shrimp ; juveniles ; landing statistics ; white shrimp ; Penaeus setiferus ; brown shrimp ; Penaeus aztecus ; Penaeus duorarum ; growth
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    Texas Parks and Wildlife Department | Austin, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14243 | 9596 | 2020-08-23 21:20:15 | 14243 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: In spring, the growth of brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus, in Texas bays, including Galveston Bay, was delayed by cold water. Low salinity patterns of upper coastal bays confined the young to more saline lower regions of estuaries. The gulfward migration began in late May. By July most had left the bays. Heavy rainfall and runoff may have been beneficial to white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus. They were abundant in samples and over 12 million pounds were landed commercially.
    Keywords: Ecology ; penaeid shrimp ; temperature effects ; Penaeus aztecus ; salinity effects ; Penaeus setiferus ; growth ; estuaries ; population dynamics ; GBIC
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    Texas Game and Fish Commission | Rockport, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14213 | 9596 | 2020-08-23 22:33:19 | 14213 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: Observations and analysis of the various features of the water of upper Galveston and Trinity Bays (Area M-2) were made using dye, thermometers, chemical tests, and other appropriate methods. Information and data were also collected from numerous publications and other sources. The distribution of marine organisms relative to pollution in the Houston Ship Channel was investigated.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Pollution ; chemical analysis ; physical properties ; water analysis ; pollution ; marine organisms ; ecological distribution ; GBIC
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    Type: book_section
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    Texas Parks and Wildlife Department | Austin, TX
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14274 | 9596 | 2020-10-17 16:17:25 | 14274 | Galveston Bay Information Collection
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: Sand seatrout (Cynoscion arenarius Ginsberg) were studied in the Galveston Bay area to provide information on seasonality, population composition, food items, growth, and spawning. Tagging efforts resulted in 518 tagged fish and a return of 16 tags during the 1968-70 period. Tag recovery data suggest a migration from the upper bay to the lower bay and Gulf waters in December and return in March. Electrophoretic analysis of multiple hemoglobin protein types were studied from 96 sand seatrout blood samples. Five protein types were observed without discernible differences that could be attributed to population heterogeneity. Analysis of stomach content revealed crustacea and fish as primary food items. Gonad development stages indicate a spawning period from March through August.
    Keywords: Ecology ; marine fish ; sand seatrout ; Cynoscion arenarius ; growth ; seasonality ; community composition ; food preferences ; spawning ; tagging ; stomach content ; migrations ; electrophoresis ; GBIC
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    In:  bill.sunda@noaa.gov | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14910 | 403 | 2014-03-11 19:18:24 | 14910 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: Time series measurements of dimethylsulfide (DMS), particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPp), chlorophyll a (chl a), algal pigments, major nutrients, and the potential activity of DMSP lyase enzymes were made over a 2 yr period (6 March 2003 to 28 March 2005) near the mouth of the shallow, tidally mixed Newport River estuary, North Carolina, USA. DMSPp had a mean of 43 ± 20 nM (range = 10.5 to 141 nM, n = 85) and DMS a mean of 2.7 ± 1.2 nM (range = 0.9 to 7.0 nM). The mean DMS in Gallants Channel was not significantly different from that measured in the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda during a previous 3 yr time series study (2.4 ± 1.5 nM), despite there being a 43-fold higher mean chl a concentration (4.9 ± 2.4 µg l–1) at the coastal site. In winter, DMS was low and chl a was high in the surface waters of the Sargasso Sea, while the opposite was true at the coastal site. Consequently, DMS concentrations per unit algal chl a were on average 170 times higher in the Sargasso Sea than at the coastal site during the summer, but only 7 times higher during the winter. The much higher chl a-specific DMS concentrations at the oceanic site during the summer were linked to higher ratios of intracellular DMSP substrate and DMSP lyase enzyme per unit chl a. These differences in turn appear to be linked to large differences in nutrient concentrations and solar UV stress at the 2 sites and to associated differences in the composition of algal assemblages and physiological acclimation of algal cells.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 281-294
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    In:  milton.levin@uconn.edu | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14911 | 403 | 2014-03-10 20:01:03 | 14911 | United States National Ocean Service
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: The immunotoxic potential of domoic acid (DA), a well-characterized neurotoxin, has not been fully investigated. Phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation were evaluated following in vitro and in vivo exposure to assay direct vs indirect effects. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of DA (2.5 µg/g b.w.) and sampled after 12, 24, or 48 hr. In a separate experiment, leukocytes and splenocytes were exposed in vitro to 0, 1, 10, or 100 µM DA. In vivo exposure resulted in a significant increase in monocyte phagocytosis (12-hr), a significant decrease in neutrophil phagocytosis (24-hr), a significant decrease in monocyte phagocytosis (48-hr), and a significant reduction in T-cell mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation (24-hr). In vitro exposure significantly reduced neutrophil and monocyte phagocytosis at 1 µM. B- and T-cell mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation were both significantly increased at 1 and 10 µM, and significantly decreased at 100 µM. Differences between in vitro and in vivo results suggest that DA may exert its immunotoxic effects both directly and indirectly. Modulation of cytosolic calcium suggests that DA exerts its effects through ionotropic glutamate subtype surface receptors at least on monocytes. This study is the first to identify DA as an immunotoxic chemical in a mammalian species.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Health
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 636-659
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