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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
  • 04.02. Exploration geophysics
  • JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
  • climate change
  • INGV  (32)
  • Elsevier  (29)
  • Wiley  (10)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Economic Association
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  • 1
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    Temperature compensation in high accuracy accelerometers using multi-sensor and machine learning methods (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-08
    Beschreibung: Experimental data are publicly available here: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/f78bmhr628/1
    Beschreibung: Temperature is a major source of inaccuracy in high-sensitivity accelerometers and gravimeters. Active thermal control systems require power and may not be ideal in some contexts such as airborne or spaceborne applications. We propose a solution that relies on multiple thermometers placed within the accelerometer to measure temperature and thermal gradient variations. Machine Learning algorithms are used to relate the temperatures to their effect on the accelerometer readings. However, obtaining labeled data for training these algorithms can be difficult. Therefore, we also developed a training platform capable of replicating temperature variations in a laboratory setting. Our experiments revealed that thermal gradients had a significant effect on accelerometer readings, emphasizing the importance of multiple thermometers. The proposed method was experimentally tested and revealed a great potential to be extended to other sources of inaccuracy, such as rotations, as well as to other types of measuring systems, such as magnetometers or gyroscopes.
    Beschreibung: This work was funded by “Regione Lazio” (Italy) with European Regional Development Fund (Italy, Lazio) through the call “Gruppi di Ricerca 2020 (POR FESR LAZIO 2014 – 2020), project number: A0375-2020-36674
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 114090
    Beschreibung: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): gravimeter ; gravimetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 2
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    Spatially heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology induced by climate change threaten the integrity of the avian migration network (2024)
    Wiley
    In:  Global Change Biology vol. 30 no. e17148
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-22
    Beschreibung: Phenological responses to climate change frequently vary among trophic levels, which can result in increasing asynchrony between the peak energy requirements of consumers and the availability of resources. Migratory birds use multiple habitats with seasonal food resources along migration flyways. Spatially heterogeneous climate change could cause the phenology of food availability along the migration flyway to become desynchronized. Such heterogeneous shifts in food phenology could pose a challenge to migratory birds by reducing their opportunity for food availability along the migration path and consequently influencing their survival and reproduction. We develop a novel graph-based approach to quantify this problem and deploy it to evaluate the condition of the heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology for 16 migratory herbivorous waterfowl species in Asia. We show that climate change-induced heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology could cause a 12% loss of migration network integrity on average across all study species. Species that winter at relatively lower latitudes are subjected to a higher loss of integrity in their migration network. These findings highlight the susceptibility of migratory species to climate change. Our proposed methodological framework could be applied to migratory species in general to yield an accurate assessment of the exposure under climate change and help to identify actions for biodiversity conservation in the face of climate-related risks.
    Schlagwort(e): bird migration ; climate change ; graph-based approach ; heterogeneous shifts ; network integrity ; phenological asynchrony ; vegetation phenology
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Timing and direction of faunal exchange between the Nearctic and the Palaearctic in Odonata (2024)
    Wiley
    In:  Journal of Biogeography vol. 2024 no. 14963
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-06-06
    Beschreibung: Aim Species have different distribution patterns across the globe and among biogeographical regions. The Nearctic and Palaearctic regions share lineages because of their parallel biogeographic histories and ecological conditions. As the number of phylogenetic studies increases, there are more insights into past exchange events between these two regions and their effects on the current distribution of diversity. However, several groups have not been tested and an overall generalization is still missing. Here, we analyse the biogeographic history across multiple genera of odonates to elucidate a general process of species exchange, vicariance and species divergence between these two regions. Location The Holarctic, including the entire Nearctic and the East and West Palaearctic. Taxon 14 genera of Odonata (Insecta). Methods We reconstructed a time-calibrated phylogenetic tree for each genus to determine species relationships and divergence time using 3614 COI sequences of 259 species. Biogeographic ancestral range estimation was inferred for each phylogeny using BioGeoBEARS. Preferred habitat (lotic versus lentic) was established for each species. Results Exchange events were not restricted in time, direction or either lentic habitat or lotic habitat. Most genera crossed between both regions only once, and it was mainly across the Beringia, while three diverse anisopteran genera revealed multiple exchanges. Recent exchanges during the Pleistocene were associated with cold-dwelling and lentic species. Main Conclusions Our finding reveals the absence of a generalizable pattern of species exchange and divergence between the Nearctic and Palaearctic regions; instead, we found lineage-specific biogeographic patterns. This finding highlights the complexity of drivers and functional traits that shaped current diversity patterns. Moreover, it emphasizes that general conclusions cannot be formulated based on one single clade.
    Schlagwort(e): biogeography ; climate change ; damselflies ; dragonflies ; Holarctic
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Basin modeling constrains source rock position and dimension in the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-14
    Beschreibung: A two-dimensional basin and petroleum system modeling approach was applied to the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) to constrain some factors (position, lateral extension and maturity of the source rock, the role of fractures and faults in hydrocarbon migration) which influenced its structural evolution and the related migration pathways. The petroleum system extends from the Majella Mountain to the northern Cigno, Vallecupa, Bonanno oil fields, intensively explored during the past century. Some features, such as the location and extension of the source rock and its maturity, and hydrocarbon pathways, are still undefined. Thus, we developed a 3D geological static model of the Cenozoic carbonate succession and then, we performed basin modeling along a 2D geological section, integrating the petrophysical properties of rocks measured in laboratory. Our results prove that the Burano source rock reached a low-middle maturity, and the best representation of the actual hydrocarbon occurrences is reached when the source rock is at north of the Majella Mountain with a minimum extension of 3 km. For the BBPS a strong lateral migration and a gradual oil biodegradation towards the Majella area must be considered. Moreover, modeling results highlight a minor control of the faults on the migration in this area. This basin modeling is relevance for investigations in similar settings since carbonate-ramp reservoir studies are usually very challenging to be correctly modeled due to their high heterogeneities.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 105436
    Beschreibung: 1TR. Georisorse
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Basin modeling ; Carbonate reservoir ; Geological modeling ; Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 5
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    The role of shale content and pore-water saturation on frictional properties of simulated carbonate faults (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-21
    Beschreibung: The presence of weak phyllosilicates in mature carbonate fault zones has been invoked to explain weak faults. However, the relation between frictional strength, fault stability, mineralogical composition, and fabric of fault gouge, composed of strong and weak minerals, is poorly constrained. We used a biaxial apparatus to systematically shear different mixtures of shale (68% clay, 23% quartz and 4% plagioclase) and calcite, as powdered gouge, at room temperature, under constant normal stresses of 30, 50, 100 MPa and under room-dry and pore fluid-saturated conditions, i.e. CaCO3-equilibrated water. We performed 30 friction experiments during which velocity-stepping and slide-hold-slide tests were employed to assess frictional stability and to measure frictional healing, respectively. Our frictional data indicate that the mineralogical composition of fault gouges significantly affects frictional strength, stability, and healing as well as the presence of CaCO3-equilibrated water. Under room-dry condition, the increasing shale content determines a reduction in frictional strength, from μ = 0.71 to μ = 0.43, a lowering of the healing rates and a transition from velocity-weakening to velocity-strengthening behavior. Under wet condition, with increasing shale content we observe a more significant reduction in frictional strength (μ = 0.65–0.37), a near-zero healing and a velocity strengthening behavior. Microstructural investigations evidence a transition from localized deformation promoted by grain size reduction, in calcite-rich samples, to a more distributed deformation with frictional sliding along clay-enriched shear planes in samples with shale content greater than 50%. For faults cutting across sedimentary sequences composed of carbonates and clay-rich sediments, our results suggest that clay concentration and its ability to form foliated and interconnected networks promotes important heterogeneities in fault strength and slip behavior.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 228811
    Beschreibung: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Carbonate faults ; Fault slip behavior ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 6
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    Aeromagnetism (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-10
    Beschreibung: The airborne magnetic method was established a few decades ago, as a strong tool in mining and petroleum exploration. Several economically relevant discoveries are often credited to aeromagnetism. Geological reconnaissance and mapping, deep crustal and upper mantle studies, environmental characterization, and national and international security issues can greatly benefit from the aeromagnetic method, as compared with other geophysical prospecting schemes. The rapid rate of coverage and the low cost per unit area explored represent just a few among the many advantages of the technique. Consequently, large-scale airborne magnetic surveys have been carried out in various parts of the globe. The amount of direct discoveries of ore bodies by means of aeromagnetism is impressive. Large magnetic iron deposits found in the early 1960s are in Southern California, Missouri, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Ontario, and elsewhere. In the field of petroleum exploration, the method has also been used, although with less direct application. Depth to magnetic basement estimation in sedimentary basins narrows down areas of interest where to conduct exploration surveys in detail by means of more costly methods. The most relevant use of airborne magnetic results is crustal imaging and characterization. Nowadays, geology is interpreted in three dimensions using a digital aeromagnetic map.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 675-688
    Beschreibung: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Beschreibung: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Beschreibung: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Beschreibung: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Beschreibung: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Beschreibung: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Beschreibung: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Beschreibung: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Beschreibung: 5A. Ricerche polari e paleoclima
    Beschreibung: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Beschreibung: 1TR. Georisorse
    Beschreibung: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Beschreibung: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Beschreibung: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Schlagwort(e): aeromagnetism ; potential fields ; magnetic anomaly ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.05. Geomagnetism ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book chapter
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  • 7
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    Revitalizing vintage seismic reflection profiles by converting into SEG-Y format: case studies from publicly available data on the Italian territory (2022)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-09
    Beschreibung: In recent decades, geological modeling has significantly evolved, relying on the growing potential of hardware and software to manage and integrate vast datasets of 2D-3D geophysical underground data. Therefore, digitization and integration with other forms of data can often improve understanding of geological systems, even when using so-called vintage or historical data. Seismic reflection data have been extensively acquired mainly for hydrocarbon exploration since the 60s generating large volumes of data. Typically, these data have been for private commercial use and are relatively unavailable for research. However, with time, large volumes of vintage seismic reflection data in many countries worldwide are now becoming publicly available through time-based de-classification schemes. Such data have a great potential for modern-day geo-research, unleashing opportunities to improve geological understanding through re-interpretation with modern methods. However, a downside of these vintage data is that they are often only available in analog (paper, raster) format. The vectorization of these data then constitutes an essential step for unlocking their research potential. In 2018 INGV established the SISMOLAB-3D infrastructure, which is mainly devoted to analyzing digital subsurface data, such as seismic reflection profiles and well-logs, to build 2D-3D geological models, principally for seismotectonics, seismic hazard assessment, and geo-resources applications. In this contribution, we discuss the robustness of the WIGGLE2SEGY code, firstly published by Sopher in 2018, focusing on examples from different tectonic and geodynamic contexts within Italian territory. We applied the SEG-Y conversion method to onshore and offshore raster seismic profiles related to ceased exploration permits, comparing the results with other published archives of SEG-Y data obtained from the conversion of vintage data. Such an approach results in digital SEG-Y files with unprecedented quality and detail. The systematic application of this method will allow the construction of a comprehensive dataset of digital SEG-Y seismic profiles across Italy, thereby expanding and sharing the INGV SISMOLAB-3D portfolio with the scientific community to foster innovative and advanced scientific analysis.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: DM538
    Beschreibung: 1TR. Georisorse
    Beschreibung: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Beschreibung: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Vectorization of vintage seismic profiles into SEG-Y ; WIGGLE2SEGY MATLAB-based code ; Seismic profiles digital database ; Italian territory ; 2D/3D geological models ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.06. Methods ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 8
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    Detecting climate signals in populations across life histories (2022)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-27
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Jenouvrier, S., Long, M. C., Coste, C. F. D., Holland, M., Gamelon, M., Yoccoz, N., & Saether, B.-E. Detecting climate signals in populations across life histories. Global Change Biology, 28, (2022): 2236– 2258, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16041.
    Beschreibung: Climate impacts are not always easily discerned in wild populations as detecting climate change signals in populations is challenged by stochastic noise associated with natural climate variability, variability in biotic and abiotic processes, and observation error in demographic rates. Detection of the impact of climate change on populations requires making a formal distinction between signals in the population associated with long-term climate trends from those generated by stochastic noise. The time of emergence (ToE) identifies when the signal of anthropogenic climate change can be quantitatively distinguished from natural climate variability. This concept has been applied extensively in the climate sciences, but has not been explored in the context of population dynamics. Here, we outline an approach to detecting climate-driven signals in populations based on an assessment of when climate change drives population dynamics beyond the envelope characteristic of stochastic variations in an unperturbed state. Specifically, we present a theoretical assessment of the time of emergence of climate-driven signals in population dynamics (ToEpop). We identify the dependence of (ToEpop)on the magnitude of both trends and variability in climate and also explore the effect of intrinsic demographic controls on (ToEpop). We demonstrate that different life histories (fast species vs. slow species), demographic processes (survival, reproduction), and the relationships between climate and demographic rates yield population dynamics that filter climate trends and variability differently. We illustrate empirically how to detect the point in time when anthropogenic signals in populations emerge from stochastic noise for a species threatened by climate change: the emperor penguin. Finally, we propose six testable hypotheses and a road map for future research.
    Beschreibung: We acknowledge the support of NASA 80NSSC20K1289 to SJ, ML, and MH; NSF OPP 1744794 to SJ and NSF OPP 2037561 to SJ and MH.
    Schlagwort(e): climate change ; emperor penguin ; life histories ; population trend ; population variability ; signal to noise ; time of emergence
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Article
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  • 9
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    Integrated use of unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning to support archaeological analysis: The Acropolis of Selinunte case (Sicily, Italy) (2021)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-14
    Beschreibung: Southwestern Sicily is an area of infrequent seismic activity; however, some studies carried out in the archaeological Selinunte site suggest that, between the fourth century BC and the early Middle Ages, probably at least two earthquakes strucked this area with enough energy to damage and cause the collapse and kinematics of much of the architecture of Selinunte. Take into account that, in 2008, a noninvasive archaeological prospection and traditional data gathering methods along the Acropolis north fortifications were carried out. Following these first studies, after about 10 years, a new geophysical campaign was carried out. This second campaign benefited from the application of modern technologies for the acquisition and processing of the point cloud data on the northern part of the Acropolis, like terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry. In this paper, we present the application of these techniques and a strategy for their integration for the 3D modelling of buildings and cultural heritages. We show how the integration of data acquired independently by these two techniques is an added value able to overcome the intrinsic limits of the individual techniques. The application to Selinunte's Acropolis allowed it to highlight and measure with high accuracy fractures, dislocation, inclinations of walls, depressions of some areas and other interesting observations, which may be important starting points for future investigations.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 153-165
    Beschreibung: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): 3D reconstruction ; archaeological survey ; digital elevation model ; Selinunte Archaeological Park ; terrestrial laser scanning ; unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.02. Data dissemination ; 05.06. Methods
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Multidisciplinary study of the “Salinelle" of Paternò mud volcanoes: characteristics of the fluids and possible correlations with Mt. Etna activity (2021)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-01-07
    Beschreibung: Monitoring of hydrothermal fluid emissions can provide detailed information about convective upwelling of geothermal fluids and their geochemical characteristics, as a function of tectonic stress or deeper gas input. In particular, at the Salinelle of Mt. Etna Geosite (Paternò and Belpasso, Eastern Sicily) natural emissions mainly consist of a fluid phase made of salty water, mud, gas and liquid hydrocarbons from an admixture of magmatic and hydrothermal gases. In this framework, our study mainly focused on the thermal and geochemical monitoring of hydrothermal fluids of the most active site, Salinelle dei Cappuccini. Nearby hydrothermal vents (Salinelle del Fiume; Salinelle di San Biagio), were also investigated. Analysis of the magnitude and frequency of seismic events all around Mt. Etna were conducted as well. Analysis of daily temperatures showed a constant trend: higher values (〉 35° C) within the first monitoring period, followed by a strong decrease (down to 9° C), and a new gradual increase over the following months. This trend seems to be linked to magmatic processes occurring at depth below Mt. Etna, and could lead to a modification of the geochemical and thermal characteristics of the fluids issuing at the mud-pools and gas vents of Salinelle. The higher the frequency of seismic events corresponding to higher daily energy released, the higher fluid temperatures observed. Understanding how these fluids blend and what is their relationship with Mt. Etna volcanism can be of great importance in forecasting new eruptive cycles in the case they precede changes in volcanic activity.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: GD670
    Beschreibung: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Salinelle ; Mud volcanoes ; Mt. Etna ; Geothermal fluids ; Hydrothermal fluid emissions ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
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    Assessment of a low-enthalpy geothermal resource and evaluation of the natural CO2 output in the Tor di Quinto area (Rome city, Italy) (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-12-09
    Beschreibung: Rome Capital City is located in a high heat flux area of central Italy, suitable for low-enthalpy geothermal exploitation. In the central-northern part of the city, near Tor di Quinto hippodrome close to Tiber River, a wide undeveloped area occurs, which is a possible future urban development site. We present the results of a geochemical and geophysical study aimed at assessing the presence in this zone of a low-enthalpy geothermal aquifer and at evaluating its depth, thickness and the physico-chemical characteristics of the geothermal water. Furthermore the natural CO2 output of this zone has been investigated. A soil CO2 flux survey with 551 measurements over a surface of 3.09 km2 revealed the presence of parallel NW-SE trending positive flux anomalies. The total CO2 output was estimated to 87.77 t*day-1, most of which (85 %) of endogenous or mixed origin. An Electrical Resistivity Tomography survey, consisting of five parallel 355 m long and 100 m spaced profiles, allowed the reconstruction of the stratigraphy of the underground sediments, which are fluvial deposits of the near Tiber River. The geothermal water is hosted in a low-resistivity layer, corresponding to the Tiber base gravels, which are here 20 m thick and whose top is 40 m below the surface. The water has a nearly constant temperature of 17.5 °C, a relatively high salinity and an appreciable content in dissolved gas. This low-enthalpy resource is suitable for direct uses, e.g. individual and district heating/cooling, sanitary hot water, spa facilities for swimming and bathing.
    Beschreibung: This work was partially supported by the INGV AMUSED research project (CUP D59C19000100005)
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 102298
    Beschreibung: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Low enthalpy geothermal aquifer Rome ; water chemistry ; diffuse soil CO2 output ; Electrical Resistivity Tomography ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 12
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    Investigation of the Norcia basin (Central Italy) through ambient vibration measurements and geological surveys (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-11-21
    Beschreibung: During the 2016–2017, a seismic sequence struck the Central Italy, involving four regions (Umbria, Marche, Abruzzo and Lazio) and causing important damages and victims in inhabited areas such as Norcia and Amatrice towns. The strongest event of the seismic sequence was a Mw 6.5 event with epicenter at about 5 km far from the Norcia area, which is an intermontane basin prone to ground motion amplification. The historical town of Norcia and the surrounding hamlets were recently investigated by the microzonation activity, but information on the geometry and velocity are still partial considering the entire basin. Indeed, past studies aimed at reconstructing the elastic and geometrical properties focusing mainly on the northern part of the basin. Specifically in this paper, we integrated seismic and geological data to get a better knowledge of the properties of the Quaternary Norcia basin. A geological survey was carried out to provide a geological map and three geological cross-sections. We analyzed new seismic ambient vibrations data, collected by single-seismic stations, to infer the distribution of resonant frequency (f0) for the entire basin. We used passive arrays of seismic stations to better define the velocity profiles of the area. In the northern part of the basin, two 2D arrays with elliptical-like shapes were deployed showing strong discrepancies of the elastic soil properties in proximity of Norcia town. We found shear-wave velocities of the near-surface profile of about 300–400 and 500–800 m/s in presence of palustrine and alluvial fan deposits, respectively. Further, the values of f0 are abruptly varying from 0.5 Hz in the SW sector of Norcia village up to 2 Hz in its NE sector. Ambient vibration data reveal less pronounced variation of f0 in the southern part of the basin, with resonant values that are almost in the range 1–1.3 Hz. In the southern sector, a 1D array was arranged along a 5-km line and was analyzed by means of seismic noise cross-correlation analysis suggesting the presence of a deeper seismic contrast. The integration of geophysical and geological results has allowed to infer insights on the subsurface geometry of the basin.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 105501
    Beschreibung: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 13
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    Geochemical and geoelectrical characterization of the Terre Calde di Medolla (Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy) and relations with 2012 seismic sequence (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-01-08
    Beschreibung: Soil gas and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys were performed in Medolla (Emilia-Romagna Region, northern Italy) within a farming area characterized by macroseeps, absence of vegetation and anomalous temperatures of soil to investigate the soil gas migration mechanism and verify the presence of a buried fault intersecting the macroseeps. Soil gas (222Rn, 220Rn, He and C2H6) concentrations and flux (φCO2 and φCH4) measurements were carried out from 2008 to 2015, comprising the 2012 Emilia seismic sequence. Moreover, in 2016 a ERT survey, combined with new flux measurements, was performed along four profiles (ranging from 180 to 630 m long) centered on the main macroseep. We found that the seismic sequence sensibly influenced the soil gas distribution in the area. All investigated species, but He, increased their values early after the mainshocks, likely due to crustal deformation which promoted the geogas uprising. In 2015, when the stress has vanished, these concentrations gradually decreased toward pre-seismic values. Helium concentrations showed an opposite behavior as they decreased in May 2012 and then gradually increased over time. This trend may be reasonably due to the enhancement of the strain field which promoted the He dissipation from soil to the atmosphere, due to its high volatility. In all the geochemical surveys conducted from 2008 to 2015, soil gas high values around the main macroseeps were identified, delighting the presence of an alignment in the E-W direction. This trend, identified for several gas species, ultimately supports the theory of a hidden fault which favors the intensification of fluids migration along zones characterized by greater permeability. ERT results highlighted a sub-horizontal layering characterized by different resistivity intervals, roughly matching local stratigraphy. In most profiles we observed a slightly increase of resistivity and a sharp inter-ruption of the electro-layering in correspondence of the main macroseep, both near the surface and at depth. This implies that a fracture zone due to the presence of a buried fault cannot be excluded. The combined use of geochemical and geophysical techniques in this study confirmed the usefulness of such multiparametric approach for mapping out hidden structures in tectonically active areas, allowing to better understanding the fluid migration processes through preferential leakage pathways.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 106678
    Beschreibung: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Beschreibung: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Soil gas survey ; Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey ; Migration pathways ; Medolla ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 03.04. Chemical and biological
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
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    Unbekannt
    Active Extension in a Foreland Trapped Between Two Contractional Chains: The South Apulia Fault System (SAFS) (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-07-08
    Beschreibung: The response of continental forelands to subduction and collision is a widely investigated topic in geodynamics. The deformation occurring within a foreland shared by two opposite‐verging chains, however, is uncommon and poorly understood. The Apulia Swell in the southern end of the Adria microplate (Africa‐Europe plate boundary, central Mediterranean Sea) represents one of these cases, as it is the common foreland of the SW verging Albanides‐Hellenides and the NE verging Southern Apennines merging into the SSE verging Calabrian Arc. We investigated the internal deformation of the Apulia Swell using multiscale geophysical data: multichannel seismic profiles recording up to 12‐s two‐way time (TWT) for a consistent image of the upper crust; high‐resolution multichannel seismic profiles, high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry, and CHIRP profiles acquired by R/V OGS Explora to constrain the Quaternary geological record. The results of our analyses characterize the geometry of the South Apulia Fault System (SAFS), a 100‐km‐long and 12‐km‐wide structure attesting an extensional (and possibly transtensional) response of the foreland to the two contractional fronts. The SAFS consists of two NW‐SE right‐stepping master faults and several secondary structures. The SAFS activity spans from the Early Pleistocene through the Holocene, as testified by the bathymetric and high‐resolution seismic data, with long‐term slip rates in the range of 0.2–0.4 mm/yr. Considering the position within an area with few or none other active faults in the surroundings, the dimension, and the activity rates, the SAFS can be a candidate causative fault of the 20 February 1743, M 6.7, earthquake.
    Beschreibung: Italian Ministry for Education, University, and Research (MIUR), Premiale 2014 D. M. 291 03/05/2016.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: e2020TC006116
    Beschreibung: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Beschreibung: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): active tectonics ; apulia ; south apulia fault system ; 1743 earthquake ; marine geology ; stable continental region ; ionian sea ; active faults ; subsurface geology ; seismic interpretation ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 15
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    Unbekannt
    Multi-temporal tectonic evolution of Capo Granitola and Sciacca foreland transcurrent faults (Sicily channel) (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-09
    Beschreibung: Joint analysis of high-penetration multi-channel and high-resolution single-channel seismic reflection profiles, calibrated by deep well boreholes, allowed a detailed reconstruction of the Late Miocene to Recent tectonic history of the Capo Granitola and Sciacca fault systems offshore southwestern Sicily. These two fault arrays are part of a regional system of transcurrent faults that dissect the foreland block in front of the Neogene Sicilian fold and thrust belt. The Capo Granitola and Sciacca faults are thought to reactivate inherited Mesozoic to Miocene normal faults developed on the northern continental margin of Africa. During Latest Miocene-Pliocene, the two ~NNE-SSW striking faults were active in left transpression, which inverted Late Miocene extensional half-grabens and created push-up ridges along both systems. Tectonic activity decreased during the Pleistocene, but transpressional folds deform Middle-Late Pleistocene sediments as well, suggesting that the two fault systems are active. The ~40 km long longitudinal amplitude profile of 1st order folds (Capo Granitola and Sciacca anticlines) shows ~15–20 km bell-shaped undulations that represents 2nd order folds. The length of these undulations together with the map pattern of faults allowed to divide the CGFS and SFS into two segments, northern and southern, respectively. Total uplift of the Sciacca Anticline is twice than the uplift of the Capo Granitola Anticline. Incremental fold growth rates decreased during time from 0.22 mm/yr (Capo Granitola Anticline) and 0.44 mm/yr (Sciacca Anticline) in the Pliocene, to 0.07 and 0.22 mm/yr, respectively, during the last ~1.8 Ma.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 187-204
    Beschreibung: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Beschreibung: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Multiscale analysis ; Basin inversion ; Strike-slip faults ; Fold growth rates ; Pelagian foreland ; SW Sicily offshore ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 16
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    Unbekannt
    Short-term impending eruptive activity at Mt Etna revealed from a multistation system based on volcanic tremor analysis (2015)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Over fifty eruptive episodes with Strombolian activity, lava fountains, and lava flows occurred at Mt Etna volcano between 2006 and 2013. Namely, there were seven paroxysmal lava fountains at the South-East Crater in 2007-2008 and 46 at the New South-East Crater between 2011 and 2013. Lava emissions lasting months affected the upper eastern flank of the volcano in 2006 and 2008-2009. Effective monitoring and forecast of such volcanic phenomena are particularly relevant for their potential socio-economic impact in densely populated regions like Catania and its surroundings. For example, explosive activity has often formed thick ash clouds with widespread tephra fall able to disrupt the air traffic, as well as to cause severe problems at infrastructures, such as highways and roads. Timely information about changes in the state of the volcano and possible onset of dangerous eruptive phenomena requires efficacious surveillance methods. The analysis of the continuous background seismic signal, the so-called volcanic tremor, turned out of paramount importance to follow the evolution of volcanic activity [e.g., Alparone et al., 2003; Falsaperla et al., 2005]. Changes in the state of the volcano as well as in its eruptive style are usually concurrent with variations of the spectral characteristics (amplitude and frequency) of tremor. The huge amount of digital data continuously acquired by INGV’s broadband seismic stations every day makes a manual analysis difficult. In order to tackle this problem, techniques of automatic classification of the tremor signal are applied. In a comparative study, the robustness of different methods for the identification of regimes in volcanic activity were examined [Langer et al., 2009]. In particular, Langer et al. [2011] applied unsupervised classification techniques to the tremor data recorded at one station during seven paroxysmal episodes in 2007-2008. Their results revealed significant changes in the pattern classification well before the onset of the eruptive episodes. This evidence led to the development of specific software packages, such as the program KKAnalysis [Messina and Langer, 2011], a software that combines an unsupervised classification method (Kohonen Maps) with fuzzy cluster analysis. The operational characteristics of these tools - fail-safe, robustness with respect to noise and data outages, as well as computational efficiency - allowed on-line processing at the operative centre of the INGV-Osservatorio Etneo in 2010 and the identification of criteria for automatic alarm flagging. The system is hitherto one of the main automatic alerting tools to identify impending eruptive events at Etna. The software carries out the on-line processing of the new data stream coming from two seismic stations, merged with reference datasets of past eruptive episodes. In doing so, results obtained for new data are immediately compared to previous eruptive scenarios. Given the rich material collected in recent years, we are able to apply the alert system to eleven stations at different elevations (1200-3050 m) and distances (1-8 km) from the summit craters. Critical alert parameters were empirically defined to obtain an optimal tuning of the alert system for each station. To verify the robustness of this new, multistation alert system, a dataset encompassing about eight years of continuous seismic records (since 2006) was processed automatically using KKAnalysis and collateral software off-line. Then, we analyzed the performance of the classifier in terms of timing and spatial distribution of the stations. We also investigated the performance of the new alert system based on KKAnalysis in case of activation of whatever eruptive centre. Intriguing results were obtained in 2010 throughout periods characterized by the renewal of volcanic activity at Bocca Nuova-Voragine and North-East Crater, and in the absence of paroxysmal phenomena at South-East Crater and New South-East Crater. Despite the low-energy phenomena reported by volcanologists (i.e., degassing, low-to moderate explosions), the triggered alarms demonstrate the robustness of the classifier and its potential: i) to identify even subtle changes within the volcanic system using tremor, and ii) to highlight the activation of a single eruptive centre, even though different from the one for which the classifier was initially tested. It is worth noting that in case of activation of weak sources, the successful performance of the classifier depends upon the general level of signals originating from other sources in that specific time span.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Nicolosi (Catania, Italy)
    Beschreibung: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Etna, Volcanic tremor ; Volcano monitoring, Pattern recognition ; Self Organizing Map, Fuzzy clustering ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Oral presentation
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  • 17
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    Unbekannt
    The Mt. Etna data mining software (2015)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Mt. Etna is permanently active requiring a continuous data acquisition a multidisciplinary monitoring system where huge data masses accumulate and pose severe difficulties of interpretation. Therefore the INGV staff has developed a number of software tools for data mining, aiming at identifying structures in the data which can be related to the volcanic activity and furnish criteria for the definition of alert systems. We tackle the problem by applying methods of clustering and classification. We identify data groups by defining a measure of similarity or distance. Data groups may assume various shapes, once forming convex clouds once complex concave bodies. The tool “KKAanalysis” is a basket of clustering methods and forms the backbone of the tremor-based automatic alarm system of INGV-OE. It exploits both SOM and Fuzzy Clustering. Besides seismic data the concept has been applied to petrochemic data as well as in a combined analysis of gas-emission data and seismic data. The software “DBSCAN” focuses on density-based clustering that allows discovering clusters with arbitrary shape. Here, clusters are defined as dense regions of objects in the data space separated by regions of low density. In DBSCAN a cluster grows guaranteeing that the density within a group of objects exceeds some threshold. In the context of volcano monitoring the method is particularly promising in the recognition of ash particles as they have a rather irregular shape. The “MOTIF” software allows identifying typical wave forms in time series. It overcomes shortages of methods like cross- correlation, which entail a high computational effort. MOTIF on the other hand can recognize non-similarity of two patterns on a small number of data points without going through the whole length of the data vectors. The development includes modules for feature extraction and post-processing verifying the validity of the results obtained by the classifiers.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Nicolosi (Catania, Italy)
    Beschreibung: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Etna, Data mining ; Self Organizing Map, Clustering methods ; Pattern classification ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.02. Cellular automata, fuzzy logic, genetic alghoritms, neural networks ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Poster session
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  • 18
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    Ongoing development of pattern classification techniques applied to volcanic tremor data at Mt. Etna (2015)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Timely identification of changes in the state of volcanoes and onset of potentially dangerous eruptive phenomena requires efficacious surveillance methods. In the case of an active volcano like Mt Etna, the continuous background seismic signal called volcanic tremor is of paramount importance. The huge amount of continuously acquired digital data entails the necessity of data reduction and parameter extraction. For this purpose, techniques of automatic analysis of volcanic tremor were applied by INGV for the real time monitoring of this signal. We checked the possibility to identify regimes of volcanic activity based on pattern classification of volcanic tremor. A specific software named “KKAnalysis” was developed. It combines various unsupervised classification methods (Kohonen Maps and fuzzy cluster analysis) and forms the backbone of an automatic alert system at INGV-OE. Besides its near real time application, it can be operated off-line, allowing an efficient a-posteriori processing of data and tuning of the alarm criteria to match specific needs of sensitivity and robustness. An ongoing development of this tool will allow us to include a large number of seismic stations in a multistation-alarm system. The new system will be more robust in case of failure of single sensors, and will achieve a better coverage of the various eruptive craters. In an off-line test, we exploited a dataset covering eight years of seismic records, and analysed the performance of the new system in terms of “trigger timing” and spatial distribution of the stations. Intriguing results were obtained throughout periods of renewal of volcanic activity at Bocca Nuova-Voragine and North East Crater, and in the absence of paroxysmal phenomena at South East Crater and New South East Crater.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Nicolosi (Catania, Italy)
    Beschreibung: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Etna, Volcanic tremor ; Self Organizing Map, Fuzzy clustering ; Volcano monitoring, Pattern recognition ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Poster session
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  • 19
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    Contributo delle reti sismiche mobili durante i periodi di crisi: l’esempio della sequenza dei Monti Nebrodi del 2011 (2014)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-07-07
    Beschreibung: In questo lavoro viene descritta l’installazione di una rete mobile nell’area dei Monti Nebrodi in seguito all’evento del 23-06-2011 di Ml = 4.6 e come tale intervento ha contribuito al miglioramento della localizzazione delle sorgenti sismiche soprattutto nella determinazione della profondità degli eventi. Verranno anche presentati i risultati delle localizzazioni ottenute attraverso l’integrazione dei dati acquisiti durante questa campagna, con quelli della rete sismica permanente dell’INGV-Osservatorio Etneo ( INGV -OE).
    Beschreibung: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-24
    Beschreibung: 4IT. Banche dati
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Rete Sismica Mobile ; Nebrodi ; Sciame ; Localizzazione ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 20
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    Tremor-based real time monitoring and early warning on Etna Volcano (Italy): technical aspects and methods (2013)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-04-18
    Beschreibung: Twenty-five lava fountains occurred on Mt. Etna from January 2011 to April 2012. In summer 2012 volcanic activity resumed in a milder form within the Bocca Nuova crater, before it came to an essential halt in August 2012. All these unrests offer rich material for testing automatic procedures of data processing and alert systems, running 24/7, in the context of volcano surveillance. We focus on the seismic background radiation – volcanic tremor – which plays a key role in the monitoring of Mt. Etna. Since 2006 a multistation alert system has been established in the INGV operative centre of Catania exploiting STA/LTA ratios. Besides, also the spectral characteristics of the signal, which change correspondingly to the type of volcanic activity, can be exploited for warning purposes. Here we apply Self Organizing Maps and Fuzzy Clustering which offer an efficient way to visualize signal characteristics and its development with time. All these techniques allow to identify early stages of eruptive events, and automatically flag a critical status before this becomes evident in conventional monitoring techniques. Changes of tremor characteristics are related to the position of the source of the signal. The location of the sources exploits the distribution of the amplitudes across the seismic network. The locations were extremely useful for warning, throughout both the flank eruption in 2008 as well as the 2011 lava fountains, during which a clear migration of tremor sources towards the eruptive centres could be noticed in advance. The location of the sources completes the picture of an imminent volcanic unrest, and corroborates early warnings flagged by the changes of signal characteristics. Real time data processing requires computational efficiency, robustness of the methods and stability of data acquisition. The amplitude based multi-station approach is not sensitive to the failure of single stations and therefore offers a good stability. The single station approach, exploiting unsupervised classification techniques, limits logistic efforts, as only one or few key stations are necessary. Both strategies have proven to be insensitive to disturbances (undesired transients like earthquakes, noise, short gaps in the continuous data flow). False alarms were not encountered so far. Stable data acquisition and processing come with a properly designed data storage solution. The reliability of data storage and its access is a critical issue. A cluster architecture has been realized for failover protection, including a Storage Area Network system, which allow easy data access following predefined user policies. We present concepts of the software architectures deployed at INGV Osservatorio Etneo in order to implement this tremor-based multi approach system. We envisage the integration of seismic data and those originating from other scientific fields (e. g., volcano imagery, geochemistry, deformation, gravity, magneto-telluric). This will facilitate cross-checking of evidences encountered from the single data streams, in particular allow their immediate verification with respect to ground truth.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Nicolosi (Catania, Italy)
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: 5.6. TTC - Attività di Sala Operativa
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Etna, Volcanic tremor ; Volcano monitoring, Pattern recognition ; Self Organizing Map, Fuzzy clustering ; Data acquisition ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Oral presentation
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  • 21
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    Unbekannt
    Caratteristiche del Rumore Sismico nei pressi del Rilevatore di Onde Gravitazionali VIRGO (Cascina, Pisa) (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-12
    Beschreibung: In questo lavoro si presentano i risultati di uno studio sulle caratteristiche del rumore sismico in prossimità del rilevatore di onde gravitazionali VIRGO (Cascina, Pisa), con particolare riferimento alle vibrazioni associate all’azione di un vicino parco eolico. La valutazione delle componenti spettrali del rumore verosimilmente indotte dagli aerogeneratori è stata effettuata mediante (i) Misure dirette alla base di una turbina, (ii) Correlazione fra le ampiezze spettrali del rumore e la velocità del vento; (iii) Determinazione delle proprietà direzionali da misure multicanale, (iv) Misura dell’attenuazione del segnale con la distanza dal parco eolico. Il disturbo provocato dagli aerogeneratori è particolarmente energetico alla frequenza di 1.7 Hz e, in particolari condizioni, è stato osservato fino a distanze di 11 km dal Parco Eolico. Il decadimento spaziale delle ampiezze ha un andamento complesso, che può essere interpretato in termini di una combinazione fra onde superficiali e onde di volume rifratte ad un’interfaccia profonda (~800 m) fra i sedimenti plio-pleistocenici ed i calcari Miocenici. La risposta locale nei dintorni dell’interferometro è stata investigata utilizzando la tecnica dei rapporti spettrali H/V. Si sono così evidenziate due bande di amplificazione imputabili ad effetti di risonanza legati alla geologia a scala locale: il primo intorno alla frequenza di 0.35 Hz, il secondo fra 0.7 e 2.0 Hz. Entrambi i picchi risultano essere essenzialmente omogenei in tutta l’area di studio, a conferma della sostanziale uniformità della struttura geologica.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-30
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Seismic Noise ; Array Seismology ; Gravity Waves ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 22
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    Acquisizione presso la sede di Ancona (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In questo lavoro viene descritto il complesso sistema di acquisizione dati della RSM [vedi D’Alema et al., 2011 - in questo volume], costituita da 58 stazioni collegate in tempo reale e 13 stazioni dial-up. I dati delle stazioni in tempo reale sono acquisiti con il programma Seiscomp31; la detezione degli eventi sismici viene eseguita con il programma Earthworm ed infine l’analisi e l’interpretazione degli eventi viene effettuata attraverso il programma SacPicker di Daniele Spallarossa [vedi Spallarossa, 2011 - in questo volume]. La parte di rete dial-up è basata sul sistema Lennartz Mars882 ed è configurata in modo autonomo dalla rete in tempo reale. I dati delle due reti vengono successivamente uniti in un unico dataset ai fini di una interpretazione interattiva congiunta.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 124-127
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): rete sismica ; ancona ; acquisizione dati ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 23
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    Unbekannt
    Sistemi di controllo in uso al centro di acquisizione della sede di Ancona (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Da alcuni anni l’INGV e la Regione Marche collaborano nell’azione di monitoraggio sismico del territorio regionale. Nella sede di Ancona del CNT sono acquisiti in tempo reale i segnali sismici di circa 80 stazioni dell’Italia centro-orientale. Si è reso pertanto necessario sviluppare applicativi utili al controllo degli apparati che compongono il sistema di monitoraggio. In particolare, vengono controllati: 1) lo stato di funzionamento delle trasmissioni radio ed ethernet; 2) lo stato dell’alimentazione delle stazioni e il numero di satelliti ricevuti dagli apparati GPS; 3) la quantità di segnale sismico archiviato e i gaps del segnale continuo; 4) i livelli di rumore di fondo e la qualità del segnale sismico.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 104-107
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): rete sismica ; ancona ; centro acquisizione ; telecomunicazioni ; qualità segnali ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 24
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Micro-Seismicity Monitoring for a Cushion Gas Storage Project in Italy (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: A Pilot Project for CO2 injection and storage was proposed for a gas storage area located at Cortemaggiore (Piacenza), in northern Italy. This project is conducted both to verify the injection techniques and to analyze the potentiality of CO2 as a cushion gas. Starting from 2004, a series of analysis has been conducted to verify suitability and feasibility of this operation. The injection phase will be preceded by a passive seismic monitoring in order to measure the background seismicity of the area. Seismic monitoring will be carried out during the 3 years of the injection phase and will continue also for a control period of 2 years, following the working phase. The Milano - Pavia Department of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia is in charge of the surface seismic monitoring. To study the background seismicity a microseismic network composed by 7 seismic stations has been realized. On February 2010, a first test phase has been conducted for 3 sites. The network was completed with 4 more stations on May 2010. All stations are composed by a 24-bit digital recorder (Lennartz M24/NET) with GPS time signal. The study area is characterized by a very high anthropic and industrial noise. In order to improve the quality of the seismic signals, 4 stations have been installed in a 100 m deep borehole. The seismic sensors (Lennartz LE-3D/BH for the borehole and LE-3Dlite MKI for the installation at the surface) have similar technical characteristics with 1 Hz free period, cutoff frequency at 80 Hz and dynamic range of 136 dB. In this first stage we analyzed the microseismic noise level and evaluated the detection capability of the network. Using the RMS measurements the borehole stations indicate a reduction on the noise by a factor of 2.5. A more detailed analysis, performed using the density function distribution of the power spectra, evidences a 10 dB gain for the borehole stations in the frequency band 1 - 10 Hz. Noise measurements have been used also to determine the minimum magnitude for the events detection. Using a point source model to simulate seismic events, we verified the expected detection levels by comparing the estimates obtained with the simulation and the local events recorded by the seismic network.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 12
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic monitoring ; gas storage ; micro-seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 25
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    Unbekannt
    Sistemi di alimentazione della rete Alta Val Tiberina (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Nell’ambito del progetto FIRB-Airplane [“Piattaforma di ricerca multidisciplinare su terremoti e vulcani”, fondi MIUR 2007-2011 responsabili: Cocco, Amato e Stucchi1] dalla seconda metà del 2009 è stata installata una rete densa di stazioni sismiche nell’area dell’Alta Val Tiberina (AVT, Figura 1), i cui dati in continuo vengono trasmessi alla sede di Ancona del CNT attraverso una dorsale Wi-Fi HYPERLAN [Monachesi e Cattaneo, 2010]. La rete è stata progettata cercando di rispettare alcuni criteri, tra cui: controllo continuo della funzionalità delle singole stazioni, flessibilità nella scelta dei siti, riduzione del rischio di fulminazioni, possibilità di abbinare stazioni sismiche e stazioni geodetiche. A tal fine sono stati adottati strumenti a basso consumo per quel che riguarda acquisitori e sistemi di trasmissione, accompagnati dall’utilizzo di sistemi di alimentazione autonomi e sistemi di telecontrollo
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 91-93
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): rete sismica ; alta val tiberina ; sistemi alimentazione ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 26
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    Unbekannt
    Rete Sismometrica Marchigiana e sua integrazione con la RSN e Rete AVT (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Attualmente presso la sede di Ancona del CNT sono acquisiti i dati relativi a 58 stazioni in realtime ed a 13 stazioni dial-up. In particolare la sede di Ancona ha la funzione di server nei confronti della sala sismica nazionale per 28 stazioni in realtime e client per le rimanenti 30. Le stazioni dial-up hanno una connessione con radio modem (8) o con modem GSM (5). Gli acquisitori gestiti sono: GAIA1 e GAIA2, Trident/Cygnus, HDR24 e Lennartz Mars88/MC/RC. I sensori sono: Trillium 40-120-240s; Lennartz LE3D- 5s/1s/lite/BH, Mark L4-3D, Episensor ES-T. Il sistema di acquisizione dati è basato su Seiscomp31, mentre la detezione degli eventi avviene tramite Earthworm
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 19-21
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): rete sismica ; monitoraggio ; marche ; alta val tiberina ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
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    Unbekannt
    Narrow-band, transient signals in Central Apennines, Italy: hints for underground fluid migration? (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this paper we investigate nature and properties of narrow-band, transient seismic signals observed by a temporary array deployed in the Val Tiberina area (central Apennines, Italy). These signals are characterized by spindle-shaped, harmonic waveforms with no clear S-wave arrivals. The first portion of the seismograms exhibits a main frequency peak centred at 4.5 Hz, while the spectrum of the slowly decaying coda is peaked at about 2 Hz. Events discrimination is performed using a matched-filtering technique, resulting in a set of 2466 detections spanning the 2010 January–March time interval. From a plane-wave-fitting procedure, we estimate the kinematic properties of signals pertaining to a cluster of similar events. The repetition of measurements over a large number of precisely aligned seismograms allows for obtaining a robust statistics of horizontal slownesses and propagation azimuths associated with the early portion of the waveforms. The P-wave arrival exhibits horizontal slownesses around 0.1 s km−1, thus suggesting waves impinging at the array almost vertically. Separately, we use traveltimes measured at a sparse network to derive independent constraints on epicentral location. Ray parameters and azimuths are calibrated using slowness measurements from a local, well-located earthquake. After this correction, the joint solution from traveltime inversion and array analysis indicates a source region spanning the 1–3 km depth interval. Considerations related to the source depth and energy, and the occurrence rate which is not related to the daily and weekly working cycles, play against a surface, artificial source. Instead, the close resemblance of these signals to those commonly observed in volcanic environments suggest a source mechanism related to the resonance of a fluid–filled fracture, likely associated with instabilities in the flux of pressurized CO2.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 918-928
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Fracture and flow ; Earthquake source observations ; Interface waves ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 28
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    Unbekannt
    Sensori in pozzo della RSN dell'INGV (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: L’utilizzo di sensori in pozzo ha l’obiettivo di migliorare il rapporto segnale-disturbo per poter registrare segnali di eventi sismici in zone dove le registrazioni in superficie sono corrotte dai disturbi. Infatti, le registrazioni superficiali sono affette dal noise sismico ambientale il quale è particolarmente elevato in zone industrializzate a frequenze generalmente superiori ad 1 Hz [McNamara and Buland, 2004]. La RSN dell’INGV, gestita dal CNT [vedi Delladio, 2011 - in questo volume], è dotata attualmente di 6 sensori in pozzo, ubicati nelle seguenti località: Castelleone (CR), Imola (BO), Bellaria (RN), Senigallia (AN), Sansepolcro (AR), Città di Castello (PG). Le prime 4 località si trovano in pianura padana (Castelleone e Imola) e sulla costa adriatica (Bellaria e Senigallia): in questi siti l’utilizzo di un sensore in pozzo ha lo scopo di ottenere registrazioni in cui i disturbi antropici possano essere significativamente abbattuti, in quanto le aree citate sono tra le più industrializzate e urbanizzate del territorio nazionale [Marzorati and Bindi, 2006]. I pozzi di Sansepolcro e Città di Castello rientrano nell’area di interesse della Faglia Alto Tiberina, in cui terremoti di piccolissima magnitudo vengono registrati solo in siti particolarmente silenziosi dal punto di vista del noise sismico ambientale; perciò i due sensori in pozzo hanno lo scopo di avere un punto di osservazione più vicino alla sorgente dei segnali che si vogliono registrare. Nei prossimi paragrafi sono mostrati alcuni esempi utili per poter valutare l’efficienza dei sensori in pozzo.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 72-75
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): sensori ; pozzo ; borehole ; noise sismico ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 29
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    Unbekannt
    Lo studio dei vulcani attivi e delle strutture crostali con reti sismiche temporanee: storia, evoluzione e prospettive della Rete Sismica Mobile dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano (INGV) (2012)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: In this paper the history of the Mobile Seismic Network of the Osservatorio Vesuviano (at present Department of Napoli of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – INGV) is described. The instrumental development and the main research and monitoring activities since the early 1980’ are reported. Starting from the analog stations with magnetic tape recording to the first digital stations with trigger recording, until the modern multichannel 24bit devices, the technological development of the last 30 years has given a strong contribution to increase the knowledge in the seismology and seismotectonics fields. The Mobile Seismic Network has been engaged in active and passive seismic studies both on volcanic and tectonic areas. Particularly, the contribution of the Mobile Seismic Network for the monitoring of Neapolitan active volcanoes has been very important to improve the Permanent Network. During seismic crises high quality data have been gathered allowing detailed analyses of the seismic activity. Moreover, the time synchronization by means of GPS time code allowed the deployment of the Mobile Network abroad and the collaboration with the main international research institutes. At present, the Mobile Seismic Network of the Osservatorio Vesuviano is developing on multichannel acquisition systems, also in array configuration, to gathered simultaneously seismic signals with a large frequency band.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-51
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): mobile network ; Vesuvius ; Campi Flegrei ; data acquisition ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 30
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    Unbekannt
    Societal need for improved understanding of climate change, anthropogenic impacts, and geo-hazard warning drive development of ocean observatories in European Seas (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Society’s needs for a network of in situ ocean observing systems cross many areas of earth and marine science. Here we review the science themes that benefit from data supplied from ocean observatories. Understanding from existing studies is fragmented to the extent that it lacks the coherent long-term monitoring needed to address questions at the scales essential to understand climate change and improve geo-hazard early warning. Data sets from the deep sea are particularly rare with long-term data available from only a few locations worldwide. These science areas have impacts on societal health and well-being and our awareness of ocean function in a shifting climate. Substantial efforts are underway to realise a network of open-ocean observatories around European Seas that will operate over multiple decades. Some systems are already collecting high-resolution data from surface, water column, seafloor, and sub-seafloor sensors linked to shore by satellite or cable connection in real or near-real time, along with samples and other data collected in a delayed mode. We expect that such observatories will contribute to answering major ocean science questions including: How can monitoring of factors such as seismic activity, pore fluid chemistry and pressure, and gas hydrate stability improve seismic, slope failure, and tsunami warning? What aspects of physical oceanography, biogeochemical cycling, and ecosystems will be most sensitive to climatic and anthropogenic change? What are natural versus anthropogenic changes? Most fundamentally, how are marine processes that occur at differing scales related? The development of ocean observatories provides a substantial opportunity for ocean science to evolve in Europe. Here we also describe some basic attributes of network design. Observatory networks provide the means to coordinate and integrate the collection of standardised data capable of bridging measurement scales across a dispersed area in European Seas adding needed certainty to estimates of future oceanic conditions. Observatory data can be analysed along with other data such as those from satellites, drifting floats, autonomous underwater vehicles, model analysis, and the known distribution and abundances of marine fauna in order to address some of the questions posed above. Standardised methods for information management are also becoming established to ensure better accessibility and traceability of these data sets and ultimately to increase their use for societal benefit. The connection of ocean observatory effort into larger frameworks including the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) and the Global Monitoring of Environment and Security (GMES) is integral to its success. It is in a greater integrated framework that the full potential of the component systems will be realised.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-33
    Beschreibung: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Seafloor and water columnobservatories ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.04. Processes and Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.07. Physical and biogeochemical interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.02. General circulation ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.01. Biogeochemical cycles ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.04. Ecosystems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.05. Main geomagnetic field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.03. Heat generation and transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.02. Hydrogeological risk
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 31
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    Geochemical evidence for and characterization of CO2 rich gas sources in the epicentral area of the Abruzzo 2009 earthquakes (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We describe the results of a detailed hydrogeochemical campaign on the groundwater circulating in two regional aquifers located in the area of the Abruzzo 2009 earthquakes. The influx of deeply derived CO2 rich gases into the two aquifers is highlighted by the 13C isotopic composition of dissolved carbon species. The source of the gas is roughly localised beneath the epicentral area of the earthquakes where the presence of sources of fluids under high pressure is suggested by seismological investigations. The carbon isotopic-mass balance of the aquifers indicates that the amount of the deep CO2 dissolved and transported by the groundwaters is ~530 t/day. The chemical and isotopic composition of the gas entering the aquifers, named Abruzzo gas, has been derived by comparing the data measured in the springs with the results of a gas–water– rock reaction model, that simulates the evolution of the chemical and isotopic composition of groundwater affected by the input of a deeply-derived CO2 rich gas phase. The composition of Abruzzo gas is compared to that of 40 large gas emissions located in central Italy. The gas becomes progressively richer in radiogenic elements (4He and 40Ar) and in N2, from the volcanic complexes in the west to the Apennines in the east. The Abruzzo gas, in agreement with its location, well matches the composition of the gases emitted in the pre- Apennine region. These geochemical features, consistent with the structural setting of the region, indicate increasing residence times of the gas in the crust moving from west to east. In particular we suggest that the strong increase in radiogenic crustal gases reflects the occurrence of deep traps where the gas is stored at high pressures for a long time and that such high pressure gas pockets play a major role in the generation of Apennine earthquakes.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 389–398
    Beschreibung: 2.4. TTC - Laboratori di geochimica dei fluidi
    Beschreibung: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): carbon dioxide ; Abruzzo earthquakes ; carbon isotopes ; helium isotopes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 32
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    Seismotectonic of Southern Apennines from recent passive seismic experiments (2011)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We used data of local earthquakes collected during two recent passive seismic experiments carried out in southern Italy in order to study the seismotectonic setting of the Lucanian Apennine and the surrounding areas. Based on continuous recordings of the temporary stations we extracted over 15,600 waveforms, which were hand-picked along with those recorded by the permanent stations of the Italian national seismic network obtaining a dense, high-quality dataset of P- and S-arrival times. We examined the seismicity occurring in the period 2001–2008 by relocating 566 out of 1047 recorded events with magnitudes ML ≥1.5 and computing 162 fault-plane solutions. Earthquakes were relocated using a minimum one-dimensional velocity model previously obtained for the region and a Vp/Vs ratio of 1.83. Background seismicity is concentrated within the upper crust (between 5 and 20km of depth) and it is mostly clustered along the Lucanian Apennine chain axis. A significant feature extracted from this study relates to the two E–W trending clusters located in the Potentino and in the Abriola–Pietrapertosa sector (central Lucania region). Hypocentral depths in both clusters are slightly deeper than those observed beneath the Lucanian Apennine. We suggest that these two seismic features are representative of the transition from the inner portion of the chain to the external margin characterized by dextral strike-slip kinematics. In the easternmost part of the study area, below the Bradano foredeep and the Apulia foreland, seismicity is generally deeper and more scattered. The sparse seismicity localized in the Sibari Plain, in the offshore area along the northeastern Calabrian coast and in the Taranto Gulf is also investigated thanks to the new recordings. This seismicity shows hypocenters between 12 and 20km of depth below the Sibari Plain and is deeper (foci between 10 and 35km of depth) in the offshore area of the Taranto Gulf. 102 well-constrained fault-plane solutions, showing predominantly normal and strike-slip character with tensional axes (T-axes) generally NE oriented, were selected for the stress tensor analysis. We investigated stress field orientation inverting focal mechanism belonging to the Lucanian Apennine and the Pollino Range, both areas characterized by a more concentrated background seismicity.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 110-124
    Beschreibung: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Beschreibung: 5.7. Consulenze in favore di istituzioni nazionali e attività nell'ambito di trattati internazionali
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Background seismicity ; Passive seismic experiments ; Southern Apennines ; Apulia foreland ; Stress field ; Seismotectonic ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 33
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    Unbekannt
    Acquisizione dati al Centro di Ricerche Sismologiche dell’Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - OGS (2011)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Il Centro di Ricerche Sismologiche (CRS) dell’Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - OGS è stato istituito con la legge n. 399 del 30 novembre 1989 col fine istituzionale di: “...svolgere, in autonomia scientifica e secondo specifici progetti: ricerche sulla sismicità e sulla sismogenesi dell’Italia nordorientale, gestendo e sviluppando inoltre la connessa rete di rilevamento sismico anche per fini di protezione civile. Nei campi di sua competenza il dipartimento svolge inoltre: attività applicativa; studi e ricerche sulle tecnologie di acquisizione, trasmissione e trattamento del segnale sismico; studi e ricerche per l’affinamento del modello sismotettonico dell’Italia nord-orientale.” Dal 2003, in seguito alla conferenza “Integrating the Seismic Monitoring in Central Europe” tenutasi a Udine e al Workshop “Beyond Frontiers: Seismic Networks in the Southern Alps” organizzato a Trieste, l’OGS ha partecipato al progetto europeo Interreg IIIa Italia/Austria “Reti sismologiche senza frontiere nelle Alpi sudorientali” 1. Il progetto nasce dalla stretta collaborazione esistente tra: • il CRS dell’OGS a Udine; • la Protezione Civile della Regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia (FVG); • l’allora Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra (DST) dell’Università di Trieste (adesso Dipartimento di Geoscienze); • lo Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hauptabteilung Geophysik di Vienna in Austria (ZAMG); • l’Urad za seizmologijo, geologijo, Agencija Republike Slovenije za okolje, di Lubiana in Slovenia (ARSO). Il terremoto di Bovec, avvenuto in prossimità dei confini tra FVG, Carinzia e Slovenia nel 1998, ha evidenziato l’importanza di un’integrazione e potenziamento delle reti delle diverse nazioni. In particolare, in tale occasione si è evidenziato: l’eterogeneità della strumentazione esistente nelle diverse reti, la mancanza di connessione dedicata tra i centri sismologici anche all’interno della stessa nazione e la mancanza di un sistema di elaborazione ed archiviazione dei dati omogeneo. Lo scopo del progetto è stato quindi l’integrazione transfrontaliera delle reti sismologiche presenti nelle tre nazioni per far fronte alle necessità di protezione civile e per scopi di ricerca scientifica. La disponibilità in tempo reale di forme d’onda dei terremoti permette, infatti, l’analisi immediata dei dati in maniera automatica che fornisce informazioni rapide ed affidabili alle autorità di protezione civile. Gli obiettivi principali raggiunti durante il progetto sono: 1. la creazione di un centro di raccolta dati in tempo reale presso la Sala Operativa Regionale (SOR) di Palmanova della Protezione Civile del Friuli-Venezia Giulia e l’adattamento dei centri raccolta dati del DST, dell’OGS e di Vienna a questi scopi. La duplicazione dei centri di raccolta dati e delle connessioni tra questi garantisce il funzionamento del sistema anche nel caso che uno o più centri siano fuori uso per i danni subiti da un sisma distruttivo; 2. l’individuazione e la realizzazione di uno o più sistemi di connessione dati efficienti e sicuri tra le stazioni ed i centri di raccolta; 3. la ridefinizione della geometria attuale delle reti, in funzione della migliore copertura possibile delle aree potenzialmente pericolose a ridosso dei confini di stato; 4. la programmazione dei protocolli comuni d’intervento in caso di forti terremoti.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 38-41
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic monitoring ; OGS ; Northeast Italy ; real time ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 34
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    Unbekannt
    Tsunami early warning using earthquake rupture duration and P-wave dominant-period: the importance of length and depth of faulting (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-03
    Beschreibung: After an earthquake, rapid, real-time assessment of hazards such as ground shaking and tsunami potential is important for early warning and emergency response. Tsunami potential depends on sea floor displacement, which is related to the length, L, width, W, mean slip, D, and depth, z, of earthquake rupture. Currently, the primary discriminant for tsunami potential is the centroid-moment tensor magnitude, MwCMT, representing the seismic potency LWD, and estimated through an indirect, inversion procedure. The obtained MwCMT and the implied LWD value vary with the depth of faulting, assumed earth model and other factors, and is only available 30 min or more after an earthquake. The use of more direct procedures for hazard assessment, when available, could avoid these problems and aid in effective early warning. Here we present a direct procedure for rapid assessment of earthquake tsunami potential using two, simple measures on P-wave seismograms – the dominant period on the velocity records, Td, and the likelihood that the high-frequency, apparent rupture-duration, T0, exceeds 50-55 sec. T0 can be related to the critical parameters L and z, while Td may be related to W, D or z. For a set of recent, large earthquakes, we show that the period-duration product TdT0 gives more information on tsunami impact and size than MwCMT and other currently used discriminants. All discriminants have difficulty in assessing the tsunami potential for oceanic strike-slip and back-arc or upper-plate, intraplate earthquake types. Our analysis and results suggest that tsunami potential is not directly related to the potency LWD from the “seismic” faulting model, as is assumed with the use of the MwCMT discriminant. Instead, knowledge of rupture length, L, and depth, z, alone can constrain well the tsunami potential of an earthquake, with explicit determination of fault width, W, and slip, D, being of secondary importance. With available real-time seismogram data, rapid calculation of the direct, period- duration discriminant can be completed within 6-10 min after an earthquake occurs and thus can aid in effective and reliable tsunami early warning.
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Earthquake dynamics ; Earthquake source observations ; Seismic monitoring ; Body waves ; Early warning ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    The 6th April 2009, Mw 6.3, L'Aquila sequence: weak and strong motion data recorded by RAIS temporary stations (2011)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The aim of this study is the sharing of waveforms recorded by several Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) temporary stations (managed by the Milan-Pavia section; INGV MI-PV). These stations were installed after the April 6, 2009, Mw 6.3, L'Aquila earthquake (central Italy). The work synthesizes the activities conducted in the field by the INGV MI-PV working group over the three months following the mainshock. The field activities were developed in four different phases that were defined according to their time periods. Starting from April 7, 2009, for the first phase, the temporary stations were installed in correspondence with the more damaged areas. The scope was to record the strongest aftershocks in the days that followed the mainshock. In this phase, the stations were composed of a sixcomponent acquisition system that was coupled with both a weak-motion and a strong-motion sensor. After the first month, the last three phases of installation investigated the seismic responses of sites located in the epicentral area, involving villages within a radius of about 20 km from the epicenter of the April 6 mainshock. In this way, over four specific time-period phases, the stations were installed in sites with different lithological and geomorphological conditions. The instruments worked from April 7 to July 14, 2009; in this period, 9,155 aftershocks (134,262 accelerometric waveforms and 133,242 velocimetric waveforms), with ML ≤5.3 were recorded. This study describes the dataset of these earthquake waveforms recorded with both velocity and acceleration transducers. Selected waveforms are available through ftp://ftp.mi.ingv.it/download/RAIS-TS_rel01/, with their corresponding information concerning instrumental characteristics, installation sites, and earthquakes recorded.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 101-113
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Seismological data ; L'Aquila earthquake ; Aftershocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 36
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    Unbekannt
    Clues of Post-seismic Relaxation for the 1915 Fucino Earthquake (Central Italy) from Modeling of Leveling Data (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The 1915 Fucino earthquake (Ms=6.9) was one of the largest and most destructive events in Italy during the last century. The epicentral area is centered in the Abruzzi region (Central Italy), where a long historical record of large earthquakes is available. Seismotectonic studies on this region, based on instrumental seismicity (focal mechanism solutions of major events and stress analysis of background seismicity), borehole break-out studies and several geological and paleoseismological investigations, suggest NE-SW oriented active extension. The 1915 earthquake fault produced detectable surface ruptures for about 20 km along NW-SE striking SW-dipping structures. Coseismic geodetic data recorded in the epicentral area have been inverted in the past (Amoruso et al. 1998 and references therein), indicating a source fault dipping at moderate angle toward SW and a normal focal mechanism, with a non-negligible left-lateral component. Three high precision leveling lines located in a wide sector north and east of the Fucino plain were measured in 1950 and 1997-2000 by the IGM (Istituto Geografico Militare). Two consecutive lines run in a NW-SE direction along the chain, and form a "T-shape" net together with a third line SW-NE striking, towards the Adriatic sea. The total length is about 360 km with a mean benchmark density higher than 0.5 bm/km. The relative elevation changes recorded during this time interval show maximum values between 7 and 12 cm with a signal wavelength of 40-70 km. The observed elevation changes stand significantly above the calculated total error of 1.13 mm sqrt(L) km. A sharp gradient has been observed east of the earthquake epicenter, where we observe peculiar elevation changes along a 40 km long section of the leveling line. The observed elevation changes in Fucino earthquake area seem to comprise both regional tectonic deformation and post-seismic relaxation. The former and the latter effects are expected to dominate along sections of the leveling lines which are respectively about perpendicular and parallel to the Apennines. Since we compare measurements performed in 1950 and 1997-2000, relaxation effects refer to a late stage of the process. We have used Pollitz (1997) code for computing gravitational-viscoelastic postseismic relaxation on a layered spherical Earth. Different Earth models, characterized by different thicknesses and viscosities of crustal layers and of the upper mantle, have been considered. Even if S/N ratio of expected post-seismic effects is not high, comparison between predictions and observations allows to constrain regional crustal structure. Best-fit seismic moment is in good agreement with Amoruso et al. (1998) and residuals are fully consistent with expected regional tectonic deformation in central Apennines.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: San Francisco, USA
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): postseismic ; 1915 Fucino earthquake ; levelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Poster session
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  • 37
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    A model for seismicity rates observed during the 1982-1984 unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: We consider the space-time distribution of seismicity during the 1982-1984 unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) where a correlation between seismicity and rate of ground uplift was suggested. In order to investigate this effect, we present a model based on stress transfer from the deformation source responsible for the unrest to potential faults. We compute static stress changes caused by an inflating source in a layered half-space. Stress changes are evaluated on optimally oriented planes for shear failure, assuming a regional stress with horizontal extensional axis trending NNE-SSW. The inflating source is modeled as inferred by previous studies from inversion of geodetic data with the same crustal model here assumed. The magnitude of the regional stress is constrained by imposing an initial condition of "close to failure" to potential faults. The resulting spatial distribution of stress changes is in agreement with observations. We assume that the temporal evolution of ground displacement, observed by a tide-gauge at Pozzuoli, was due mainly to time dependent processes occurring at the inflating source. We approximate this time dependence in piecewise-linear way and we attribute it to each component of average stress-change in the region interested by the observed seismicity. Then we evaluate the effect of a time dependent stressing rate on seismicity, by following the approach indicated by Dieterich (1994) on the basis of the rate- and state-dependent rheology of faults. The seismicity rate history resulting from our model is in general agreement with data during the period 1982-1984 for reasonable values of unconstrained model-parameters, the initial value of the direct effect of friction and the reference shear stressing rate. In particular, this application shows that a decreasing stressing-rate is effective in damping the seismicity rate.
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Stress triggering ; Bradyseism ; Rate- and state-dependent friction ; Variable stressing rates ; Coulomb stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Caratterizzazione del noise sismico nell'area vulcanica dei Campi Flegrei: l'esperimento "UNREST" (2010)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: A seismic noise recording experiment has been carried out in the Campi Flegrei volcanic area from March 9 to 26, 2009 in the framework of the INGV-DPC 2007-2009 agreement (Project V1 – UNREST). The project aimed at the realization of an integrated method for the definition of the unrest phases at Campi Flegrei. 21 digital three-component seismic stations equipped with broad band seismometers have been added to the existing 11 digital stations already deployed in the area. The preliminary results show a correlation between the seismic noise level and the anthropic activity, whereas the meteorological conditions seem affecting the low frequency seismic noise. These results are important to define the detection thresholds of the seismic signals generated during a possible renewal phase of the volcanic activity.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-21
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Campi Flegrei ; seismic noise ; spectral analysis ; wave polarization ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Rilievo macrosismico del terremoto emiliano del 23 dicembre 2008 (2009)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Questa nota presenta una sintesi delle attività svolte durante il rilievomacrosismico del terremoto avvenuto tra le province di Parma e Reggio Emilia il 23 dicembre 2008. La scossa di Ml 5.2 è stata localizzata a sud di Parma ed è stata avvertita in tutta l’Italia settentrionale e in gran parte della Liguria e della Toscana. Il presente rapporto illustra lemodalità di intervento del teamQUEST, relative al rilievo degli effetti e alla valutazione in intensità MCS in particolare per le località della zona epicentrale. L’ampia documentazione fotografica illustra alcuni dettagli delle tipologie di danneggiamento rilevate e consente di comprendere meglio le valutazioni dell’intensità macrosismica. This paper presents an overview of the activities performed during the macroseismic field survey of the earthquake that occurred in the Parma and Reggio Emilia region on December 23, 2008. The mainshock (Ml=5.2), was located south of the city of Parma and was resolutely felt through Northern Italy. The report here presented shows the procedures carried out by QUEST (Quick Earthquake Survey Team), concerning the survey. QUEST has been engaged in gathering the damage information and in assessing the macroseismic intensity, in particular about the epicentral area. A copious photo collection shows details of the observed damage nature and allows to better illustrate the intensity
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-41
    Beschreibung: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): rilievo macrosismico ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Performance of the INGV National Seismic Network from 1997 to 2007 (2009)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: Seismic monitoring in Italy has strongly improved since the 1997 Umbria-Marche earthquake sequence. This has made the National Seismic Network (RSN) a powerful tool both to rapidly locate and quantify thousands of earthquakes occurring in Italy every year, and to study the seismic activity in detail, accumulating an impressive high quality data set that will be exploited in the coming years to understand earthquake processes and to investigate the deep structure. This paper summarizes and compares the basic features of the seismicity recorded in 2000 and 2006, before and after the implementation of the new RSN, showing that the number of well located earthquakes has more than doubled and that the completeness magnitude has dropped from ~2.3 to ~1.7. In addition, we concentrate on the evaluation of the current automatic location and magnitudes versus the revised ones, published routinely in the INGV bulletins. We show that the rapid estimates of locations and magnitudes are robust and reliable for most regions in Italy: more than 75% of the earthquakes are located in real time within 10km from the «true» locations, whereas the rapid magnitudes ML are within ±0.4 from the revised values in 90% of cases. The comparison between real-time and revised locations shows that there are a few regions in Italy where a further network improvement is still desirable. These include all the off-shore regions, Calabria, western Sicily, the Alpine and Po Plain region, and some small areas along the peninsula.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 417-431
    Beschreibung: 5.2. TTC - Banche dati di sismologia strumentale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic networks ; seismicity ; real-time seismology ; Italy ; Italian Seismic Bulletin ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 41
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    Unbekannt
    Monitoring ash emission episodes at Mt. Etna: the 16 November 2006 case study (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-11-17
    Beschreibung: Mt. Etna in Sicily (Italy) is one of the best monitored basaltic volcanoes in the world due to the frequent eruptions from its summit and flanks. Routine monitoring carried out by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania, for surveillance purposes permits following the evolution of volcanic events. In this paper, a description of the ash monitoring system as occurred during the August-December 2006 summit eruption at the Southeast Crater (SEC) is shown. This eruption was characterized by lava flow effusions and vigorous Strombolian activity. Eighteen paroxysmal episodes occurred up to the end of November, forming weak ash plumes accompanied by moderate tephra fallout over Etna’s slopes. During these events, we applied a multidisciplinary approach to promptly monitor the paroxysmal activity and the associated tephra fallout, through analysis from seismic tremor and observation from live-cameras, sampling operations, mapping and analysis of the deposit. During the most significant episodes, we carried out textural and grain-size analysis on tephra samples and evaluated the whole grain-size deposit and the erupted volume, while numerical simulations of tephra dispersal allowed better understanding eruptive dynamics. An example of this methodology is applied to the 16 November episode, during which seismic tremor furnished important constraints on the chronology. This paroxysmal eruption produced light fallout on the north-east sector of the volcano for about ten hours and a number of debris-avalanches over the slopes of the SEC cone. The erupted deposit was composed for the most part of lithic components and characterized by a whole grain-size distribution centered on 2.2 , while its total mass was evaluated 7 x 106 kg. On the whole, such integrated studies help to obtain information on magma fragmentation and eruptive mechanisms, to characterize the explosive styles shown by Etna and finally, to better approach the monitoring of imminent eruptions.
    Beschreibung: FIRB Italian project “Sviluppo Nuove Tecnologie per la Protezione e Difesa del Territorio dai Rischi Naturali” funded by Italian Minister of University and Research
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 123-134
    Beschreibung: 5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Mt. Etna ; volcanic ash monitoring ; tephra deposit ; 2006 eruption ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    MACROMAP: Una Utility per MAPINFO™ per la georeferenziazione di dati macrosismici e la loro rappresentazione cartografica (2008)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-01
    Beschreibung: Questo lavoro presenta una utility per il GIS MapInfo™ sviluppata per l'archiviazione ed elaborazione dei dati macrosismici dalla fase di georeferenziazione fino al plottaggio finale su mappa. L'identificazione della località associata con un'osservazione macrosismica è un'operazione che talvolta può causare errori ed in seguito problemi nell'analisi ed interpretazione dei dati. La routine MacroMap fornisce uno strumento che in modo semplice e veloce aiuti nell'identificazione della corretta località a cui attribuire l'informazione macrosismica durante lo studio di un terremoto. L'utility è strutturata per utilizzare il formato della directory geografica DIR04 e le procedure adottate nella compilazione del DataBase Macrosismico Italiano DBMI04. MacroMap è stata sperimentata "sul campo" durante alcune indagini macrosismiche e tiene conto dell'esperienza e dei suggerimenti degli operatori del Gruppo QUEST (QUick Earthquake Survey Team). I campi di utilizzo di MacroMap vanno dalla realizzazione speditiva di mappe e tabelle per la produzione di report macrosismici per la Protezione Civile, alla revisione di terremoti storici, grazie all'avanzato sistema di query disponibile per la selezione dei toponimi del database geografico.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-21
    Beschreibung: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Osservazioni macrosismiche ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 43
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    Unbekannt
    Integrated geophysical surveys at the archaeological site of Tindari (Sicily, Italy) (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The results of geophysical survey carried out at the archaeological site of Tindari, located 70 km west-north-west of Messina (Sicily, Italy), are presented and discussed. The site is one of the most important archaeological sites, about 90 ha large, on the north-eastern side of Sicily and it was one of the last Greek settlements in Sicily. Keeping in mind the vastness of the site, according to the archaeologists an area, of about 1200 m2 was selected, for a geophysical survey. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), including induced polarization (IP) measurements, and seismic refraction tomography were applied in the course of geophysical exploration in the area. The objective of this preliminary geophysical investigation was to verify the effectiveness of the technique for a spatial definition of the buried archaeological structures (mostly walls, columns, etc.) to determine their characteristics and to study the presence of collapsed columns within the zone of archaeological interest, in view of their application in the rest of the site, that, for obvious reasons, could not be entirely excavated in brief times. The geophysical data, visualized in 3D space, revealed a distribution of low-contrast shallow anomalies that indicate the presence of different types of buried structures in the surveyed area. Also, the probable accumulations of collapsed columns could be determined. These results confirm the hypothesis of a large northern extension of the archaeological site and provide useful information to design a more efficient excavation plan.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 961-970
    Beschreibung: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Greek settlements ; Seismic refraction tomography ; 3D electrical resistivity ; Induced polarization tomography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 44
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Empirical site-specific response-spectra correction factors for the Gubbio basin (central Italy) (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Providing quantitative microzonation results that can be taken into account in urban land-use plans is a challenging task that requires collaborative efforts between the seismological and engineering communities. In this study, starting from the results obtained by extensive geophysical and seismological investigations, we propose and apply an approach to the Gubbio basin (Italy) that can be easily implemented for cases of moderate-to-low ground motion and that takes into account not only simple 1D, but also more complicated 3D effects. With this method, the sites inside the basin are classified by their fundamental resonance frequencies, estimated from the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio applied to noise recordings (HVNSR). The correspondence between estimates of the fundamental frequency from this method and those derived from earthquake recordings was verified at several calibration sites. The amplification factors used to correct the response spectra are computed by the ratio between the response spectra at sites within the basin and the response spectra at a hard-rock site using data from two seismic transects. Empirical amplification functions are then assigned to the fundamental frequencies after applying an interpolation technique. The suitability of the estimated site-specific correction factors for response spectra was verified by computing synthetic response spectra for stations within the basin, starting from the synthetic recording at a nearby rock station, and comparing them with observed ones.
    Beschreibung: In press
    Beschreibung: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): sedimentary basin ; response spectra ; site effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 45
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    Unbekannt
    Did geologic emissions of methane play any role in Quaternary climate change? (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-16
    Beschreibung: The “methane-led hypotheses” assume that gas hydrates and marine seeps are the sole geologic factors controlling Quaternary atmospheric and climate changes. Nevertheless, a wider class of geologic sources of methane exist which could have played a role in past climate changes. Beyond offshore seepage, relevant geologic emissions of methane (GEM) are from onshore seepage, including mud volcanism, microseepage and geothermal flux; altogether GEM are the second most important natural source of atmospheric methane at present. The amount of methane entering the atmosphere from onshore GEM seems to prevail on that from offshore seepage. Onshore sources inject a predominantly isotopically heavy (13C-enriched) methane into the atmosphere. They are controlled mainly by endogenic (geodynamic) processes, which induce large-scale gas flow variations over geologic and millennial time scales, and only partially by exogenic (surface) conditions, so that they are not affected by negative feedbacks. The eventual influence on atmospheric methane concentration does not necessarily require catastrophic or abrupt releases, as proposed for the “clathrate gun hypothesis”. Enhanced degassing from these sources could have contributed to the methane trends observed in the ice core records, and could explain the late Quaternary peaks of increased methane concentrations accompanied by the enrichment of isotopically heavy methane, as recently observed. This hypothesis shall be tested by means of robust multidisciplinary studies, mainly based on a series of atmospheric, biologic and geologic proxies.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 79-88
    Beschreibung: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): climate change ; methane ; greenhouse gas emissions ; Quaternary ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 46
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    Unbekannt
    Stazioni sismiche obsolete: il recupero del Sistema Lennartz PCM 5800 (2007)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The modern digital seismic stations are provided with 24 bit A/D converters, high capacity recording systems and broad-band seismometers. Nevertheless, few tens year old seismic stations can be still able to give an useful contribution to seismic monitoring. Some out-of-date seismic stations, such as the Lennartz PCM 5800, are characterized by the data acquisition in trigger mode on magnetic tape, allowing a continuous recording time of about 90 minutes. We have checked the possibility to substitute the Uher tape recorder of the Lennartz PCM 5800 stations with modern digital recorder, in order to give a new life to these stations. Several type of digital recorders have been tried. According to the results of our trials, the Hi-MiniDisc (Hi-MD) recorder is resulted the most useful one. This apparatus records on 1GB magneto-optical disks with a continuous recording time up to about 8 hours. This time allows to record about 500 trigger windows of about 50-60 seconds on one disk, about 5 time the old magnetic tape. According with these results, the Lennartz PCM 5800 digital seismic stations can be useful during seismic experiments or as a support of the Permanent Seismic Networks at local and regional scale.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-17
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic station ; temporary network ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Did geologic emissions of methane play any role in Quaternary climate change? (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The “methane-led hypotheses” assume that gas hydrates and marine seeps are the sole geologic factors controlling Quaternary atmospheric and climate changes. Nevertheless, a wider class of geologic sources of methane exist which could have played a role in past climate changes. Beyond offshore seepage, relevant geologic emissions of methane (GEM) are from onshore seepage, including mud volcanism, microseepage and geothermal flux; altogether GEM are the second most important natural source of atmospheric methane at present. The amount of methane entering the atmosphere from onshore GEM seems to prevail on that from offshore seepage. Onshore sources inject a predominantly isotopically heavy (13C-enriched) methane into the atmosphere. They are controlled mainly by endogenic (geodynamic) processes, which induce large-scale gas flow variations over geologic and millennial time scales, and only partially by exogenic (surface) conditions, so that they are not affected by negative feedbacks. The eventual influence on atmospheric methane concentration does not necessarily require catastrophic or abrupt releases, as proposed for the “clathrate gun hypothesis”. Enhanced degassing from these sources could have contributed to the methane trends observed in the ice core records, and could explain the late Quaternary peaks of increased methane concentrations accompanied by the enrichment of isotopically heavy methane, as recently observed. This hypothesis shall be tested by means of robust multidisciplinary studies, mainly based on a series of atmospheric, biologic and geologic proxies.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: On line First
    Beschreibung: 4.5. Degassamento naturale
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Methane ; climate change ; seepage ; Quaternary ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 48
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    Co-seismic displacements associated to the Molise (Southern Italy)earthquake sequence of October–November 2002 inferred from GPS measurements (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The 2002 earthquake sequence of October 31 and November 1 (main shocks Mw=5.7) struck an area of the Molise region in Southern Italy. In this paper we analyzed the co-seismic deformation related to the Molise seismic sequence, inferred from GPS data collected before and after the earthquake, that ruptured a rather deep portion of crust releasing a moderate amount of seismic energy with no surface rupture. The GPS data have been reduced using two different processing strategies and softwares (Bernese and GIPSY) to have an increased control over the result accuracy, since the expected surface displacements induced by the Molise earthquake are in the order of the GPS reliability. The surface deformations obtained from the two approaches are statistically equivalent and show a displacement field consistent with the expected deformation mechanism and with no rupture at the surface. In order to relate this observation with the seismic source, an elastic modeling of fault dislocation rupture has been performed using seismological parameters as constraints to the model input and comparing calculated surface displacements with the observed ones. The sum of the seismic moments (8.9×1017 Nm) of the two main events have been used as a constraint for the size and amount of slip on the model fault while its geometry has been constrained using the focal mechanisms and aftershocks locations. Since the two main shocks exhibit the same fault parameters (strike of the plane, dip and co-seismic slip), we modelled a single square fault, size of 15 km×15 km, assumed to accommodate the whole rupture of both events of the seismic sequence. A vertical E–W trending fault (strike=266°) has been modeled, with a horizontal slip of 120 mm. Sensitivity tests have been performed to infer the slip distribution at depth. The comparison between GPS observations and displacement vectors predicted by the dislocation model is consistent with a source fault placed between 5 and 20 km of depth with a constant pure right-lateral strike-slip in agreement with fault slip distribution analyses using seismological information. The GPS strain field obtained doesn't require a geodetic moment release larger than the one inferred from the seismological information ruling out significant post-seismic deformation or geodetic deformation released at frequencies not detectable by seismic instruments. The Molise sequence has a critical seismotectonic significance because it occurred in an area where no historical seismicity or seismogenic faults are reported. The focal location of the sequence and the strike-slip kinematics of main shocks allow to distinguish it from the shallower and extensional seismicity of the southern Adriatic block from the northern one.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 21-35
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): GPS ; molise earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 49
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    A new standard for seismic station installation of the Osservatorio Vesuviano Surveillance Network (INGV, Napoli) (2007)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Seismic networks are worldwide diffuse to monitor both volcanic and tectonic seismogenetic areas. Some differences, such the basement on which the seismometer is located and the environmental conditions, characterize the installation of seismic stations in volcanic and tectonic areas. Nevertheless, some basic principles are common. To obtain good quality seismic data is very important to realize a high grade installation of all the instruments equipping a seismic station. Several procedure must be taken into account to optimize the instrument setting up. Electronic noise may be minimize using proper connecting line and adequate grounding. Effective lightning protections are essential to save instruments from both surges and strikes. Good seismometer ground coupling improves the signal quality and the signal-to-noise ratio. These procedures have been carried out at the Osservatorio Vesuviano to improve the existing seismic network as well as the installation of the new stations. As a result of this action an improvement of both the signal-to-noise ratio and the network reliability has been obtained.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-20
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic network ; siting ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 50
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    Seismic source study of the 1989, October 29, Chenoua (Algeria) earthquake from aftershocks, broad-band and strong ground motion records (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: The broad-band teleseismics records of the earthquake of October 29,1989 in Algeria (MW = 6.0) allow a detailed study of the rupture process of this earthquake. The focal mechanism obtained by P and SH modeling corresponds to reverse faulting with a small amount of left-lateral movement along a fault striking 246° and dipping 56°. The rupture is found to be complex with two sub-events separated in time but occurring on the same plane. The lowfrequency records of an accelerometer located some 25 km to the west of the main shock are also better fi tted when the rupture is composed of a double pulse. In the two cases, there is strong evidence for the rupture to propagate from south-west towards north-east.The relocalisation of the main shock by using a master-event technique and the data from Italian and Spanish stations led to the same conclusions. Soon after the main event, a temporary seimic network was installed in the epicentral area. The aftershock clouds defi ne a SW-NE fault dipping to the NW compatible with the results of the modelisations of the teleseismic body-waves and the accelerogram. The focal mechanisms correspond mainly to reverse faulting. The maximum principal direction of the stress tensor obtained from the inversion is about N-S and the minimum is vertical, typical of a compressive regime. The Chenoua earthquake took place on a fault which was not recognized as active. Repeated comparable seismic events on this fault and on the fault that borders the massif to the south explain this intriguing topographic feature.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): North Africa ; seismicity ; earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
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  • 51
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    Paleoseismological data from a new trench across the El Camp Fault(Catalan Coastal Ranges, NE Iberian Peninsula) (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: The El Camp Fault (Catalan Coastal Ranges, NE Iberian Peninsula) is a slow slipping normal fault whose seismic potential has only recently been recognised. New geomorphic and trench investigations were carried out during a training course across the El Camp Fault at the La Porquerola alluvial fan site. A new trench (trench 8) was dug close to a trench made previously at this site (trench 4). With the aid of two long topographic profiles across the fault scarp we obtained a vertical slip rate ranging between 0.05 and 0.08 mm/yr. At the trench site, two main faults, which can be correlated between trenches 8 and 4, make up the fault zone. Using trench analysis three paleoseismic events were identified, two between 34.000 and 125.000 years BP (events 3 and 2) and another event younger than 13 500 years BP (event 1), which can be correlated, respectively, with events X (50.000- 125.000 years BP), Y (35.000-50.000 years BP) and Z (3000-25.000 years BP). The last seismic event at the La Porquerola alluvial fan site is described for the first time, but with some uncertainties.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): paleoseismicity ; trenching ; normal fault ; Catalan Coastal Ranges ; El Camp Fault ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
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  • 52
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    A microseismic study in a low seismicity area of Italy: the Città di Castello 2000-2001 experiment (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: Recent seismological studies contribute to better understand the first order characteristics of earthquake occurrence in Italy, identifying the potential sites for moderate to large size earthquakes. Ad hoc passive seismic experiments performed in these areas provide information to focus on the location and geometry of the active faults more closely. This information is relevant for assessing seismic hazard and for accurately constraining possible ground shaking scenarios. The area around the Città di Castello Basin, in the Northern Apennines (Central Italy), is characterized by the absence of instrumental seismicity (M 〉 2.5), it is adjacent to faults ruptured by recent and historical earthquakes. To better understand the tectonics of the area, we installed a dense network of seismic stations equipped with broadband and short period seismometers collecting data continuously for 8 months (October 2000-May 2001). The processing of ~ 900 Gbyte of data revealed a consistent background seismicity consisting of very low magnitude earthquakes (ML 〈 3.2). Preliminary locations of about 2200 local earthquakes show that the area can be divided into two regions with different seismic behaviour: an area to the NW, in between Sansepolcro and Città di Castello, where seismicity is not present. An area toward the SE, in between Città di Castello, Umbertide and Gubbio, where we detected a high microseismicity activity. These findings suggest a probable different mechanical behaviour of the two regions. In the latter area, the seismicity is confined between 0 and 8 km of depth revealing a rather well defined east-dipping, low angle fault 35 km wide that cuts through the entire upper crust down to 12-15 km depth. Beside an apparent structural complexity, fault plane solutions of background seismicity reveal a homogeneous pattern of deformation with a clear NE-SW extension.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): microseismicity ; low-angle normalfault ; seismic gap ; seismic hazard ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
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  • 53
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    A microseismic study in a low seismicityarea: the 2001 site-response experimentin the Città di Castello Basin (Italy) (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: A site response experiment was performed in the basin of Città di Castello (a small town in Central Italy) in May 2001. This study is part of a project on the evaluation of seismic hazard in seismogenic areas funded by the Gruppo Nazionale Difesa dai Terremoti (GNDT). The experiment consisted of a dense fixed transect configuration with most of the stations recording in continuous mode, and several ambient noise measurements both in single station and in array configuration spread over the investigated area. The dense transect was composed of 26 seismic stations in a crosswise configuration with a maximum inter-station distance of 250 m. The stations were deployed in the southern part of the basin, from the eastern bedrock outcrop to the western edge, across the town. About 70 earthquakes were recorded during 10 days of deployment, generally low magnitude or regional events. We located 23 earthquakes and 17 of them were located using the waveform similarity approach at 4 stations outside the target area. These 4 stations were part of a dense temporary seismic network involved in a previous experiment of the same project, aimed at performing a high-resolution picture of the local seismicity. Delay analysis on the recorded waveforms allowed us to infer the basin geometry at depth and estimate the S-wave velocity of sediments. Moreover, we evaluated relative site response along the E-W transect by performing a standard spectral ratio. Amplification factors up to 9 are found inside the basin; at frequencies above 5 Hz stations closer to the edges show higher amplification, whereas stations located in the middle of the basin, where the alluvial sediments are thicker (CD11-CD14), show higher amplification below 5 Hz. We considered the average amplification in two frequency bands (1-5 Hz and 5-10 Hz), representative of the resonance frequency for 2-3 storey buildings and 1 storey houses,respectively. Our results suggest that the potential hazard for 2-3 storey buildings is higher in the center of the basin (amplification factor up to 6), and for 1 storey houses is higher at the edges (amplification factor up to 5).
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): dense seismic array ; weak motion ; ambient noise ; basin geometry ; urban area ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
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  • 54
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    Importance of damage data from destructive earthquakes forseismic microzoning Damage distribution during the 1923 Kanto, Japan, earthquake (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: To verify the results of seismic microzoning and to improve techniques, the damage data of past destructive earthquakes is an important key reference. The damage data of the 1923 Kanto, Japan, earthquake in the epicentral region are collected and compiled to produce the most reliable and detailed damage map. The damage map is compared with the results from the existing damage assessment and is used to discuss revision of the site amplification evaluation.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic microzoning ; damage data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
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  • 55
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    Ambient vibration measurements in the Southern Rhine Graben close to Basle (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: This study presents results of ambient noise measurements from temporary single station and small-scale array deployments in the northeast of Basle. H/V spectral ratios were determined along various profiles crossing the eastern masterfault of the Rhine Rift Valley and the adjacent sedimentary rift fills. The fundamental H/V peak frequencies are decreasing along the profile towards the eastern direction being consistent with the dip of the tertiary sediments within the rift. Using existing empirical relationships between H/V frequency peaks and the depth of the dominant seismic contrast, derived on basis of the ?/4-resonance hypothesis and a power law depth dependence of the S-wave velocity, we obtain thicknesses of the rift fill from about 155 m in the west to 280 m in the east. This is in agreement with previous studies. The array analysis of the ambient noise wavefield yielded a stable dispersion relation consistent with Rayleigh wave propagation velocities. We conclude that a significant amount of surface waves is contained in the observed wavefield. The computed ellipticity for fundamental mode Rayleigh waves for the velocity depth models used for the estimation of the sediment thicknesses is in agreement with the observed H/V spectra over a large frequency band.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): H/V ratio ; ambient vibration ; array analysis ; fundamental frequency ; Rhine Rift Valley ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
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  • 56
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    Recent seismicity of the «Acque Albule» travertine basin (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: The seismic period which occurred in a portion of Guidonia Montecelio and Tivoli territory, two towns situated about twenty kilometres NE of Rome, affected four areas with a high density of population: Guidonia, Collefiorito, Villalba and Bagni di Tivoli. Even though the events had a very low magnitude (less than 3.0), local phenomena, like rumbles and strong vibrations of the ground, frightened inhabitants also because some months before (January 26, 2001) in a village named Marcellina situated a few kilometres away from Guidonia, a large sinkhole (600 m) had appeared without fore signals. The «Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia» (INGV) installed some digital stations that monitored the seismic phenomena. This paper has the aim to process all the information acquired during the period, both from the micro and macro seismic point of view, in order to explain the phenomenology that involved the area. The synergy of the two methodologies lead us to the conclusion that two different seismotectonic structures originated the events, one in an anti-apenninic direction, the other in a N-S direction.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismicity ; neotectonic ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 57
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    Results from the temporary installation of a small aperture seismic arrayin the Central Apenninesand its merits for local event detectionand location capabilities (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-11-04
    Beschreibung: In order to evaluate the detection and localisation improvement of a small aperture array in the Northern Apennines, we installed an irregularly spaced test configuration in the vicinity of Città di Castello (CDC) for a period of two weeks. The experimental array consisted of nine 3-component stations with inter-station distances between 150 m and 2200 m. Seismic data were digitised at 125 Hz and telemetered to a mobile acquisition, processing and storage centre. The data could only be recorded in trigger mode. The peculiarity of the test array installation was the exclusive use of 3-component sensors at all array sites, which also allowed beamforming for S-phases on the horizontal components. Since the altitudes of the single array sites differed considerably among each other, for f-k analysis and beamforming an elevation correction was included. During the two weeks of operation about 20 local earthquakes with magnitudes ML〈2.6, 1 regional, and several teleseismic events were recorded. In addition to these events, the array occasionally triggered on coherent noise-signals generated by local industrial activity. The data analysis was performed by means of f-k analysis and beamforming, providing wavenumber characteristics of the incident plane wave. Typical apparent velocities were determined to be 4.8 km/s and 6 km/s for Pg-phases and ~10 km/s for Pn-phases. We observed local seismic events, which occurred just beneath the array. In these cases wavefronts with unusual high apparent velocities, similar to those found for the Pn-phase, were observed. Since no continuously recorded array data were available, we extrapolated the lower detection magnitude threshold as a result of the SNR improvement due to array beamforming. Compared to the actual detection threshold of MT ~1.6 reached by the national seismic network in this area, a nine element array would improve this value up to MT ~ 0.8.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): seismic array ; beamforming ; f-kanalysis ; Central Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
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  • 58
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    Robust satellite techniques for volcanicand seismic hazards monitoring (2006)
    INGV
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-09-17
    Beschreibung: Several satellite techniques have been proposed to monitor events related to seismic and volcanic activity. A selfadaptive approach (RAT, Robust AVHRR Techniques) has recently been proposed which seems able to recognise space-time anomalies, differently related to such events, also in the presence of highly variable contributions from atmospheric (transmittance), surface (emissivity and morphology) and observational (time/season, but also solar and satellite zenithal angles) conditions. On the basis of NOAA-AVHRR data, the RAT aprroach has already been applied to Mount Etna volcanic ash cloud monitoring in daytime, and to seismic area monitoring in Southern Italy. This paper presents the theoretical basis for the extension of RAT approach also to nighttime volcanic ash cloud detection, together with its possible implementation to lava flow monitoring. One example of successful forecasting (few days before) of a new lava vent opening during the Mount Etna eruption of July 2001 will be discussed in some detail. Progress on the use of the same approach on seismically active area monitoring will be discussed by comparison with previous results achieved on the Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake (MS = 6.9), which occurred on November 23rd 1980 in Southern Italy.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): lava flows ; volcanic ash clouds ; Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake ; Robust AVHRR Techniques ; TIR anomaly ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 59
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    Probabilistic source location of explosion quakes at Stromboli volcano estimated with double array data (2005)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Data from two dense arrays of short-period seismometers are used to retrieve source locations of the explosion quakes at Stromboli volcano. Slowness vectors stimated at both arrays with the zero-lag cross-correlation technique constitute the experimental data set. A probabilistic approach based on a grid search spanning the volcano interior is used to calculate the probability of the source location. Results depict a shallow source, located beneath the crater area, at depths not greater than 500 m below the surface. Results are slightly different from, but comparable to, those obtained in a companion experiment carried out in the same time period using a broad-band seismometer network, which show a source shifted some hundreds of meters northwest of the crater area. The method is revealed to be effective and useful for future studies having the purpose of real-time tracking of the explosion quakes and tremor.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 123-142
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Stromboli ; Array ; Explosion quake ; Source location ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Methane emissions from typical manure management systems
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Bioresource Technology 50 (1994), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0960-8524
    Schlagwort(e): Methane emissions ; climate change ; greenhouse gas
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(94)90064-7
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Global climate change in the instrumental period
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 23-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Schlagwort(e): climate change ; global precipitation ; global temperature ; global warming ; instrumental data
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90019-1
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Agriculture's share in the emission of trace gases affecting the climate and some cause-oriented proposals for sufficiently reducing this share
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 95-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Schlagwort(e): acidification ; agriculture ; climate change ; eutrophication ; greenhouse gases
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90027-2
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An approach for treating the uncertainties in the impact of climate change
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 87-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Schlagwort(e): artificial intelligence ; climate change ; modelling ; potato ; uncertainty
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90026-4
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Climatic sensitivity of temperate forests
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 237-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Schlagwort(e): climate change ; drought ; forest distribution ; forest production ; temperate forests
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90038-8
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The carbon budget of Canadian forests: A sensitivity analysis of changes in disturbance regimes, growth rates, and decomposition rates
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 55-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Schlagwort(e): Canada ; biospheric feedback ; carbon cycle ; climate change ; fire
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90022-1
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Climate change and human history. Some indications from Europe, ad 400-1400
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Schlagwort(e): Europe ; climate change ; impact ; medieval
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90020-5
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The impact of climate change on the soil/moisture regime of Scottish mineral soils
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Environmental Pollution 83 (1994), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-7491
    Schlagwort(e): GIS ; climate change ; moisture ; soil
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90039-6
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Climate change: some likely multiple impacts in Southern Africa
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Food Policy 19 (1994), S. 165-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-9192
    Schlagwort(e): Southern Africa ; climate change ; drought
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0306-9192(94)90068-X
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    Financial Management (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    Wiley | Financial Management Association International | JSTOR
    Online: 1(1).1972 – (older than 4 years)
    Details
    Verlag: Wiley , Financial Management Association International , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 0046-3892
    Digitale ISSN: 1755-053X
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Schlagwort(e): JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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    Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy
    Wiley | JSTOR | formerly Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Online: 10(1).1988 –
    Details
    Vormals: Illinois Agricultural Economics; North Central Journal of Agricultural Economics; Review of Agricultural Economics  (1961–2009)
    Verlag: Wiley , JSTOR , formerly Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Print ISSN: 0191-9016 , 1058-7195 , 2040-5790
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-9353 , 2040-5804
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Schlagwort(e): JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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    American Economic Journal: Applied Economics (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    American Economic Association | JSTOR
    Online: 1.2009 – (older than 3 years)
    Details
    Verlag: American Economic Association , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 1945-7782
    Digitale ISSN: 1945-7790
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Schlagwort(e): JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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  • 72
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    American Economic Journal: Economic Policy (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    American Economic Association | JSTOR
    Online: 1.2009 – (older than 3 years)
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    Verlag: American Economic Association , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 1945-7731
    Digitale ISSN: 1945-774X
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Schlagwort(e): JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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    American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    American Economic Association | JSTOR
    Online: 1.2009 – (older than 3 years)
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    Verlag: American Economic Association , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 1945-7707
    Digitale ISSN: 1945-7715
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Schlagwort(e): JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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    American Economic Journal: Microeconomics (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    American Economic Association | JSTOR
    Online: 1.2009 – (older than 3 years)
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    Verlag: American Economic Association , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 1945-7669
    Digitale ISSN: 1945-7685
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Schlagwort(e): JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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    Scandinavian Journal of Economics, The (ältere Jahrgänge via JSTOR)
    Wiley | JSTOR
    Online: 78.1976 – (older than 6 years)
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    Verlag: Wiley , JSTOR
    Print ISSN: 0347-0520
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-9442
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Schlagwort(e): JSTOR Archive Collection Business II
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