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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 4 (1984), S. 312-326 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Anelasticity ; internal friction ; mechanical resonances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto La rappresentazione approssimata, ottenuta in un precedente lavoro, della dipendenza dalla frequenza della dissipazione di energia che ha luogo in un solido vibrante dotato di uno spettro di rilassamento del tipo di Gauss è stata estesa, per lo stesso tipo di spettro, alla dipendenza dalla frequenza del modulo elastico, nonché alla dipendenza dal tempo del ≪creep≫ e dell’≪after-effect≫. Il procedimento seguito per ottenere queste rappresentazioni approssimate è suscettibile di applicazione ad altri tipi di spettri.
    Abstract: Резюме Приближенное представление, полученное в предыдущей статье для частотной зависимости диссипации энергии, имеющей место для колеблущегося твердого тела с гауссовым релаксационным спектром, обобщается для того же типа спектра на частотную зависимость модуля упругости, а также на временную зависимость последействия и ползучести. Процедура получения зтих представлений оказывается ппименимой для друтих типов спектров.
    Notes: Summary The approximate representation obtained in a previous paper for the frequency dependence of the energy dissipation taking place in a vibrating solid with a Gaussian relaxation spectrum has been extended, for the same spectrum, to the frequency dependence of elastic modulus as well as to the time dependence of after-effect and creep. The procedure followed in order to obtain these representations appears susceptible of application to other types of spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 1 (1982), S. 208-214 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto La tabulazione del coefficiente normalizzato (Q −1)G, che caratterizza la dissipazione di energia elastica dovuta ad un effetto di rilassamento con uon spettro di tempi del tipo di Gauss, è stata estesa ad un campo di valori della variabile indipendentex e del parametro di distribuzione β considerevolmente piú ampio di quello considerato sinora. Per tutti i valori di (Q −1)G attualmente noti, la dipendenza dax è stata rappresentata mediante una semplice combinatione di funzioni elementari, con una precisione sufficiente all'analisi dei dati sperimentali. Inoltre, per β≥1.25, la dipendenza di (Q −1)G dax e da β è stata rappresentata in forma completamente chiusa, con la stessa precisione.
    Abstract: Резюме Табулирование нормированного козффишцента (Q −1)G, которйы характеризует диссипацию энергии вследствие эффекта релаксации в случае гауссова временного спектра, обобшае qtся на область значений независимой переменнойx и параметра распределения β, которая значительно шире, чем ⌕ассматрибалась ранее. Для всеш имеюшихся значений (Q −1)G их зависимость отx может быть представлена простой комбинацией элементаых фукций с точностъю, Достатопчной для анализа экспериментальых данных.B случае β≥1.25, в замкнутой форме приводится эависимость (Q −1)G отx и β с той же точностью.
    Notes: Summary The tabulation of the normalized coefficient (Q −1)G which characterizes the dissipation of elastic energy due to a relaxation effect with a Gaussian time spectrum has been extended to a range of values of the independent variablex and of the distribution parameter β considerably wider than that considered before. For all values of (Q −1)G presently available, their dependence uponx has been represented by a simple combination of elementary functions with an accuracy sufficient for the analysis of experimental data. Moreover, for β≥1.25, the dependence of (Q −1)G upon bothx and β has been represented completely in closed form with the same accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 4 (1984), S. 263-279 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Anelasticity ; internal friction ; mechanical resonances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si propongono dei metodi iterativi per estrarre dalle misure del coefficiente di dissipazione elastica l’informazione che esso contiene nei riguardi dello spettro dei tempi caratteristici del rilassamento anelastico.
    Abstract: Резюме Раэвиваются итерационные методы для иэвлечения из измерений козффициента диссипации знергии информации, касающейся спектра характерных времен неулругой релаксацин.
    Notes: Summary Iterative methods are developed in order to extract from measurements of energy dissipation the information they contain concerning the spectrum of characteristic times of anelastic relaxation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 4 (1984), S. 55-67 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Diffusion in solids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Nella catodizzazione del palladio, anche quando la concentrazione atomica finalen f non supera il massimo valoren αmax che la stessa concentrazione può assumere nella fase α, può aver luogo una formazione temporanea di fase β, purché la densità di corrente superi un certo valore limiteJ M. Si è ottenuta un'espressione diJ M la quale contiene i parametri che caratterizzano la catodizzazione, l'assorbimento, la diffusione e la soluzione dell'idrogeno nel palladio; la stessa espressione contiene anche una funzione adimensionale del rapportor=n f /n αmax che è stata calcolata numericamente per un vasto campo di processi di catodizzazione, ed è stata inoltre approssimata, in tutto il suo campo di definizione, per mezzo di due funzioni elementari dir.
    Abstract: Резюме При катодизации палладия, когда конечная равновесная концентрацияn f водорода не превышает максимальной величиныn α max; принятой для α-Фазы, может иметь место упругое образование β-фазы, если плотность тока превышает предельную величинуJ M: Получается выражение дляJ M; которое содержит все параметры, которые характеризуют катодизацию, а также поглощение, диффузию и растворение водорода в палладии. Это выражение содержит также безразмерную функцию отношенияr=n f /n α max ; которая табулируется в широкой области для процесса катодизации и аппроксимируется во всей области определения двуя элементарными функциямиr.
    Notes: Summary In the cathodization of palladium, when the final equilibrium concentrationn f of hydrogen does not exceed the maximum valuen αmax taken in the α-phase, a temporary formation of β-phase may take place, provided the current density is larger than a limiting valueJ m. An expression has been obtained forJ M which contains all the parameters characterizing the cathodization, as well as the absorption, diffusion and solution of hydrogen; the same expression contains also an adimensional function of the ratior=n f/n αmax, which has been tabulated for a wide range of cathodization processes, and has been approximated, in the whole definition range, by two elementary functions ofr.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 8 (1986), S. 123-147 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto È stata determinata l’influenza dell’idrogeno, introdotto mediante catodizzazione, sulla dissipazione di energia elastica che ha luogo durante le vibrazioni flessionali di sbarre di palladio deformate plasticamente. Le misure sono state effettuate a temperature comprese tra 80 e 300 K, per frequenze dell’ordine dei kHz. Si è trovato che le dislocazioni prodotte dalla deformazione danno luogo a due effetti di rilassamento con proprietà diverse. Uno di questi effetti è di tipo intrinseco, ed ha luogo quando il materiale è deformato ma non catodizzato; esso è probabilmente dovuto ai segmenti rettilinei di dislocazione che giacciono nelle vallate di Peierls. L’altro effetto sembra dovuto all’interazione dell’idrogeno con segmenti di dislocazione i cui estremi sono fissati in vallate di Peierls diverse, e contengono perciò dei «gomiti» geometrici. I risultati sono confrontati con quelli ottenuti in altri metalli f.c.c (nickel, rame) e con le previsioni delle attuali teorie sull’interazione idrogeno-dislocazioni.
    Abstract: Резюме При температурах в интервале (80÷300) К и при частотах порядка кгц исследуется влияние водорода, образованното при катодизации, на диссипацию упругой энергии в стержнях пластически деформированного палладия при изгибных колебаниях. Обнаружено, что дислокации, образованные в результате пластической деформации, приводят к двум эффектам релаксации, которые обладают различными свойствами. Один из этих эффектов является внутренним, возникает тогда, когда материал деформируется, но не катодизируется, и, вероятно, обусловлен прямолинейными сегментами дислокаций, располозенными вдоль долин Пайерлса. Другой эффект возникает, вследствие взаимодействия водорода с сегментами дислокаций, крайние точки которых закреплены в различных долинах Пайерлса, и которые, следовательно, содержат геометрические «перегибы». Полученные результаты сравниваются с результатами для других гранецентрированных кубических металлов (никель, медь) и с предсказаниями имеющихся теорий для взаимодействий водорода с дислокациями.
    Notes: Summary The influence of hydrogen, introduced by cathodization, on the dissipation of elastic energy in bars of plasticaly deformed palladium, vibrating flexurally, has been investigated in the temperature interval (80÷300) K, for frequencies in the kilocycle range. It has been found that the dislocations produced by plastic deformation give rise to two relaxation effects, having different properties. One of these effects is of intrinsic type, takes place when the material is deformed but not cathodized and is probably due to straight dislocation segments lying along Peierls valleys. The other effect appears to be due to the interaction of hydrogen with dislocation segments having their extremes anchored in different Peierls valleys and containing, therefore, geometrical kinks. The results are compared with those obtained in other f.c.c. metals (nickel, copper) and with the predictions of the available theories on hydrogen-dislocation interaction.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1959-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2012-08-01
    Description: The 6 April 2009 M w  6.3 earthquake ( I max =9–10, Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg [MCS]) struck the Abruzzi region of central Italy, producing severe damage in the city of L’Aquila. There was heavy damage in the city, especially in the central city area where unusual features of the damage pattern were immediately evident. The aim of this study is to correlate the distribution and the severity of the damage with the geological setting of the area, taking into account the characteristics of the building stock through time. Strong-motion recordings and ambient noise measurements taken soon after the mainshock and during the entire aftershock sequence showed variability in ground-motion amplification throughout the city. Factor of amplification (Fa) results are very high in the southern sector of the city, where the Limi Rossi del Colle dell’Aquila (LRCA) red silts outcrop, and quickly decrease northward, where LRCA is absent. This result correlates with the damage distribution to reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. In the southern sector the rate of collapse of RC buildings was 10%, versus 2% in the rest of the city. General conclusions highlight that the building stock of the city suffered different levels of damage that can be partially explained by the combination of building vulnerability and surface geology.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-06-12
    Description: The city of L’Aquila is built on a deep intramontane basin filled by silty clay of lacustrine origin with average S -wave velocity of about 725 m/s, topped by a calcareous breccias unit with a higher speed of about 900 m/s. New geologic and geophysical investigations following the 6 April 2009 M w  6.3 L’Aquila, Italy, earthquake have allowed us to develop a new velocity model for the basin deposits that, coupled with the inversion of velocity, includes lateral velocity variations in the top breccia layer and a newly found red silts unit, the Limi Rossi del Colle dell’Aquila (LRCA). The city area where the LRCA unit outcrops is correlated with clusters of reinforced concrete buildings that collapsed in the normal faulting earthquake. We simulate the 2D seismic response of this new velocity model along two orthogonal cross sections and compare the synthetic spectral ratios to the experimental ones evaluated using aftershock recordings. As a result, taking into account the full scatter about the mean of the observed spectral ratios, we are able to predict not only the main features of the primary observed low-frequency resonance peak, but also the level of amplification at high frequency at most of the sites investigated.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1961-08-15
    Print ISSN: 0031-899X
    Electronic ISSN: 1536-6065
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1981-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0305-4608
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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