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  • Articles  (409)
  • bioavailability  (130)
  • seaweed  (110)
  • Triticum aestivum  (105)
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  • Springer  (409)
  • 1980-1984  (409)
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  • Articles  (409)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae division by 5-trifluoro-methyl-6-azauracil (1984)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 1159-1161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; 5-trifluoromethyl-6-àzauracil ; yeast cell cultures ; cell division ; inhibition of
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cell division, as studied in asynchronous cultures of yeast cells, is sensitive to 5-trifluoromethyl-6-azauracil (F3CAzU). Under defined conditions (10 mmoles l−1 F3CAzU) this compound blocks immediately and completely the process of cell division. Using synchronized cells, the time-point at which division process of yeast cell can be inhibited by F3CAzU has been determined. The inhibitor effect of this compound is completely reversed by thymine, thymidine and uracil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01971472
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of xipamide in patients with normal and impaired kidney function (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 513-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: xipamide ; electrolyte excretion ; bioavailability ; elimination ; extrarenal clearance ; chronic renal failure ; furosemide ; hydrochlorothiazide ; amiloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of a single oral dose of 40 mg xipamide on urinary excretion of Na+, K+, Cl−, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in healthy subjects and in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment was compared with various conventional diuretics. Xipamide caused marked excretion of Na+ and Cl−, whereas the diuretic produced only moderate kaliuresis; urinary excretion of Ca2+ was increased in proportion to Na+, like the loop diuretics. Xipamide affected electrolyte excretion even in patients with a creatinine clearance below 30 ml/min, as do the loop diuretics, too. Therefore, the pharmacodynamic characteristics of xipamide are more like those of a loop diuretic than of a thiazide. Xipamide was good bioavailable, its t1/2β was 7 h and urinary recovery of the undegraded drug was 40% of the given dose. In renal insufficiency, t1/2β increased from 7 to only 9 h, yielding a moderate increase in the AUC. Urinary recovery of the drug was reduced in proportion to the reduction in the creatinine clearance of the patient. Therefore, significant extrarenal elimination of the diuretic must be postulated, which suffices to prevent significant drug accumulation in renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542150
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of phenytoin during pregnancy (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: phenytoin ; epileptic women ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; pregnancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five epileptic women needing to commence phenytoin therapy during pregnancy received a single intravenous and a single oral dose of phenytoin several days apart before starting regular intake of the drug. Plasma phenytoin concentration — time data were analysed by three different pharmacokinetic techniques. However assessed, the mean oral bioavailability of the drug proved to be about 90% of the intravenous bioavailability. This finding makes it unlikely that impaired bioavailability accounts for the increase in oral phenytoin dosage necessary in pregnancy to maintain plasma phenytoin concentrations at pre-pregnancy values. Phenytoin clearance in the pregnant subjects was approximately double the published values for phenytoin clearance in nonpregnant persons. This suggests that increased (metabolic) clearance accounts for the increased phenytoin dosage requirement of pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395215
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implications of intraindividual variability in bioavailability studies of furosemide (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 595-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: furosemide ; bioavailability ; generic tablet formulations ; intrasubject variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intrasubject variation in bioavailability (rate and extent) and disposition of furosemide 40 mg was investigated using a repeated, randomized, double-blind cross-over study in 8 healthy subjects. Two generic tablet formulations (Lasix and Furix) and intravenous furosemide were compared on 6 separate days. Extensive intrasubject variability after oral administration was observed in AUC, mean absorption time (MAT) and urinary excretion. The variability (error variance) within the dosage forms was as large as that between the two generics. These variations most probably depended on the absorption process, since the repeated i.v. doses showed only marginal intrasubject variability. Absolute bioavailability was 56% for Lasix and 55% for Furix (AUC). The range was 20 to 84% between individuals and the maximal range within one individual was 20 to 61%. Confidence interval and Bayesian analysis showed a high probability of non-equivalence not only between but also within the generics when the separate cross-over experiments were analyzed (8 observations). When extending the analysis to 16 observations, bioequivalence was demonstrated for the two generic tablets. Rate of absorption, quantified as MAT, was 128 min for Lasix and 98 min for Furix (16 observations). Since MAT was significantly longer (p〈0.001) than the mean residence time after the i.v. dose (57 min), absorption was evidently the rate-limiting step in the overall kinetics of oral furosemide. Intraindividual variation in absorption is a confounding factor in bioavailability studies of furosemide using limited numbers of subjects. This is important to consider when designing and evaluating bioavailability studies for drugs showing these variations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00556898
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and integrative deletion of the RAD6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 559-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: DNA repair ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Cloning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Three overlapping plasmids were isolated from a YEp24 library, which restore Rad+ functions to rad6-1 and rad6-3 mutants. Different subclones were made and shown to integrate by homologous recombination at the RAD6 site on chromosome VII, thus verifying the cloned DNA segments to be the RAD6 gene and not a suppressor. The gene resides in a 1.15 kb fragment, which restores Rad+ levels of resistance to U.V., MMS and γ-rays to both rad6-1 and rad6-3 strains. It also restores sporulation ability to rad6-1 diploids. Integrative deletion of the RAD6 gene was shown not to be completely lethal to the yeast. Our results suggest that the RAD6 gene has some cell cycle-specific function(s), probably during late S phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395700
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and genetic control of α-pheromone-inactivating glycoproteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 9 (1984), S. 39-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: α-Pheromone-inactivating glycoproteins ; bar1-1 ; Barrier proteins ; Purification ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two kinds of a-mating-type-specific proteins inactivating α pheromone (α factor) were purified from heat shock extract of MATa cells. Their molecular weights were estimated to be 400,000 and 200,000 by gel filtration. Both proteins were detected in MATa SST1 cells but not in MATα SST1, MATa sst1-1 and MATa/MATα SST1/SST1 cells. In addition, the proteins were detected in matα2-1 SST1 cells but not in matα1-2 SST1 cells. From these results, it is concluded that these proteins are synthesized under the control of the SST1 gene and responsible for the Barrier action of MATa cells. The relationship of these proteins to the secreted Barrier protein having a higher molecular weight is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396202
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Food does not effect in bioavailability of theophylline from Theolin Retard® (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 405-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: theophylline ; drug absorption ; bioavailability ; food intake ; sustained-release preparations ; Theolin Retard
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The absorption of theophylline from a sustained release tablet preparation (Theolin® Retard 300 mg) was studied in 10 subjects both when fasting and immediately after a standardized breakfast. Intravenous aminophylline was used as the reference material. Food did not influence the absorption from Theolin Retard. The bioavailability was complete (93% after 30 h) both with and without food, and no difference was found in the time to peak of the plasma concentration curve (7 h), or the mean residence time (14 h). The absorption characteristics, with predominantly zero order kinetics, did not change with concomitant intake of breakfast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00548776
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of food on pharmacokinetics of chlorambucil and its main metabolite, phenylacetic acid mustard (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: chlorambucil ; chronic lymphocytic leukaemia ; phenylacetic acid mustard ; food intake ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of food intake on the pharmacokinetics of chlorambucil (C) and its cytotoxic metabolite, phenylacetic acid mustard (PAM), has been studied in man after oral doses of chlorambucil. The administration of chlorambucil with food resulted in slower absorption than when fasting. However, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was unaffected. The mean ratio AUCPAM/AUCC was 2.8 (range 1.4–7.1) under fasting and 3.3 (range 1.3–7.4) under nonfasting conditions. The metabolite very probably plays an important role in the cytotoxic effects observed after administration of C, since calculations show that a major fraction of the metabolite is eliminated by alkylation reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553164
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the bioavailability of nitroglycerin from a transdermal therapeutic system (Nitroderm TTS) (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitroglycerin ; plasma concentration ; transdermal administration ; bioavailability ; pharmacodynamics ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 6 healthy volunteers, intravenous infusions of nitroglycerin 4.8 and 10.6 µg/min yielded mean steady-state plasma concentrations of 0.5±0.02 and 0.82±0.04 ng/ml as determined by a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method. The plasma concentrations reached in the same subjects 17 h after application of Nitroderm TTS 5 and 10 with in vivo release rates of 3.7 and 5.7 µg/min were 0.28±0.01 and 0.37±0.01 ng/ml, respectively. Thus, 75% of the quantity of nitroglycerin released by the systems passed into the circulation. The inter-individual and intra-individual variations in plasma concentrations were similar for both modes of administration. The nitroglycerin-induced morphological changes in the fingerpulse wave were clearly dose-dependent, but it seems that this pharmacodynamic parameter is determined less by the plasma concentration than by the nitroglycerin content of the vascular wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395198
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and function of the TRP3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Analysis of 3′- and 5′-deletions in vivo and in vitro (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; TRP3 gene ; Deletion analysis ; Enzyme function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two sets of deletions, entering the TRP3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from the 3′- and the 5′-end were constructed. Complementation analysis with chromosomal trp3A, trp3B and trp3C mutations was done by introducing the 3′- and 5′-truncated gene on a multicopy 2 μm-vector. The N-terminal glutamine amido transferase function is encoded by a DNA fragment of 600–700 bp, and the C-terminal indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase function by a DNA fragment of about 900 bp, whereas both functions together are encoded by a contiguous DNA fragment of about 1,500 bp. The bi functional TRP3-peptide thus could be dissected into two catalytically independent peptides in vivo. For the indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase activity, independent catalytic activity was also demonstrated in vitro: deletions entering the TRP3 gene from the 5′-end, and lacking large parts of the sequence coding for the glutamine amidotransferase function, still are able to ex press a peptide exhibiting functional indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase activity in vitro. Deletion plasmids pME505·De1C102·2μm and DelC10·2μm exhibited shorter TRP3 transcripts according to the deleted DNA-fragments (150 and 426 by respectively) but yielded peptides of invariable Mr of 35,000 d. Transcription and translation of these peptides, which probably represent the independently folding indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase core are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417813
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning of a DNA fragment from Cephalosporium acremonium which functions as an autonomous replication sequence in yeast (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 155-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Cephalosporium acremonium ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Autonomous replication sequence ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A fragment of DNA which functions as an autonomous replication sequence in yeast was cloned from Cephalosporium acremonium. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was isolated from an industrial strain of C. acremonium (08G-250-21) highly developed for the production of the antibiotic, cephalosporin C. Size, 27 kb, and restriction pattern indicated this DNA was identical to mtDNA previously isolated (Minuth et al. 1982) from an ancestral strain (ATTC 14553) which produces very low amounts of cephalosporin C. A 1.9 kb Pst1 fragment of the Cephalosporium mtDNA was inserted into a Pst1 site of the yeast integrative plasmid, Ylp5, to produce a 7.5 kb plasmid, designated pPS1. The structure of pPS1 was verified by restriction analysis and hybridization. PS1 transformed Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DBY-746) to uracil prototrophy at a frequency of 272 transformants/μg DNA. Transformation frequencies of 715 transformants/μg DNA and zero were obtained for the replicative plasmid, YRp7, and the integrative plasmid YIp5, respectively. Southern hybridization and transformation of E. coli by DNA from yeast transformed by pPS1 verified that pPS1 replicates autonomously in yeast. The uracil-independent pPS1-yeast transformants were mitotically unstable. The average retention of pPS1 after three days growth in selective and non-selective medium was 4.5% and 0.4%, respectively, compared to retentions of 4.6% and 0.5% for YRp7. The properties of pPS1 were compared to those of a related plasmid, pCP2. pCP2 was constructed (Tudzynski et al. 1982) by inserting the C. acremonium 1.9 kb Pst1 fragment into the yeast integrative plasmid, pDAM1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417811
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steady state bioavailability of a new oral formulation of Hydergine® in geriatric patients (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 133-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: co-dergocrine mesylate ; geriatric patients ; hydergine ; bioavailability ; steady state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relative bioavailability of the newly developed formulation of co-dergocrine mesylate (Hydergine spezial, 1×4 mg) was determined in elderly patients under steady state conditions, with conventional Hydergine forte tablets (2×2 mg) as a reference. Both formulations were given once a day for 8 days in a randomised cross-over design. The areas under the curve showed that the bioavailability of the new tablet was about 30% higher (28±6.3%) than that of Hydergine forte. The peak plasma concentration was reached 3±0.9 h after administration. Because of its greater relative bioavailability higher plasma levels were found 2–24 hours after the Hydergine spezial formulation than after Hydergine forte tablets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00546722
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioequivalence studies in humans of indomethacin capsules marketed in India (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 261-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: indomethacin capsules ; bioequivalence ; volunteers ; pharmacokinetics ; statistical significance ; bioavailability ; comparative bioequivalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two, separate 6×6 Latin square cross-over bioequivalence studies were performed in adult male volunteers using 10 different indomethacin capsule preparations marketed in India together with the pure drug powder as the standard. The products were evaluated with respect to plasma level at various times up to 8 h following administration of a 50 mg (2 × 25 mg) dose. Plasma samples were analysed by a fluorimetric method. Various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated according to a two compartment model. Statistical evaluation of the data employed analysis of variance for a cross-over design (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test to ascertain the significance of differences between the products. Of the 10 products studied, two were found to be bioinequivalent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00630296
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elucidation of the structure and receptor binding studies of the major primary, metabolite of dihydroergotamine in man (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 463-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dihydroergotamine ; 8′-hydroxy-dihydroergotamine ; plasma metabolites ; bioavailability ; receptor affinity ; healthy volunteers ; liver microsomal incubates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of dihydroergotamine and its metabolites have been measured after a single oral administration of 3 mg tritium-labelled drug to 6 male volunteers. The plasma level of non-volatile radioactivity declined biphasically with α- and β-phase half-lives of 2.1 h and 32.3 h, respectively. The peak plasma concentration was reached within 3.2h. Urinary excretion of total non-volatile radioactivity was low, amounting to 1.0% of the dose. The parent drug and four metabolites could be quantitated in urine and plasma samples. Metabolite 4 (8′-hydroxy-dihydroergotamine) was isolated from incubates of rat and monkey liver microsomal preparations. In human liver microsomal incubates, metabolite 4 was shown to be the primary metabolite of dihydroergotamine. In receptor binding studies performed with mammalian brain preparations, metabolite 4 had IC50-values at 6 monoaminergic binding sites similar to those of dihydroergotamine. Thus, it appears that the active principle consists at least of dihydroergotamine and its 8′-hydroxy derivative. As the concentration of metabolite 4 exceeded 5–7 times that of dihydroergotamine in urine and plasma, the bioavailability of dihydroergotamine should be reevaluated, taking into account the plasma concentrations of the parent drug and of its acitve metabolite, 8′-hydroxydihydroergotamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542142
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability of amiodarone (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 533-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: amiodarone ; bioavailability ; clearance estimation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542153
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of nadolol in healthy subjects (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 125-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nadolol ; pharmacokinetics ; plasma levels ; urinary excretion ; bioavailability ; circadian rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 7 healthy subjects (3 males and 4 females), the kinetics of nadolol was investigated after oral doses of 60 and 120 mg. The t1/2 was 14.0±1.8 h. The peak plasma level was doubled on doubling the dose (from 69±15 to 132±27 ng/ml, respectively) and the urinary excretion (13.5%) rose similarly. The half-life of elimination was longer at night than in the day, probably because of the slower nocturnal flow of urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00546720
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of cimetidine and its metabolites in juvenile cystic fibrosis patients: Age related differences as compared to adults (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 183-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; cystic fibrosis ; bioavailability ; renal clearance ; renal function differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of cimetidine were studied in five cystic fibrosis patients (mean age 12.6 years) after oral and intravenous administration. As compared to healthy adult volunteers, cystic fibrosis children had an elevated cimetidine total body clearance (474 vs 300 ml/min/m2) as well as renal clearance (293 vs 232 ml/min/m2) whether normalized for body weight or surface area differences. Cimetidine elimination was elevated in juvenile cystic fibrosis patients as compared to adult volunteers, however, it did not differ significantly from that previously seen in age matched children. There were no appreciable differences in cimetidine metabolism after either route of administration. Differences between adults and cystic fibrosis children were attributed to developmental and age related differences between the two groups. The recommended pediatric dose of 15 to 20 mg/kg, although four-fold greater than that used in adults, produces serum concentrations similar to those seen in adults, and is adequate for most juvenile cystic fibrosis patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00630284
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of furosemide in man after intravenous and oral administration. Application of moment analysis (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 197-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: furosemide ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; oral administration ; i.v. administration ; drug absorption ; moment analysis ; food effect ; dissolution effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Furosemide 40 mg was administered to 8 healthy subjects as an i.v. bolus dose, as 1 tablet in the fasting state, and as 1 tablet and a solution after food intake. The i.v. data gave a total body clearance of 162±10.8 ml/min and a renal clearance of 117±11.3 ml/min; the volume of distribution at steady state was 8.3±0.61. Oral administration gave a bioavailability of the tablet (fasting) of 51%. Food intake slightly reduced the bioavailability, but not to a significant extent. There was no significant difference in availability between the tablet and the solution. Moment analysis gave a mean residence time after the i.v. dose, MRTi.v., of 51±1.5 min. The mean absorption times (MAT) for all oral doses were significantly longer than the MRTi.v., indicating absorption rate-limited kinetics of furosemide. On average, food delayed the absorption by 60 min. The MAT for the tablet in the postprandial state was significantly longer than for the solution, indicating dissolution rate-limited absorption of the tablet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00630286
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of aluminium phosphate on the bioavailability of cimetidine and prednisolone (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 271-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; prednisolone ; aluminium phosphate ; antacids ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ten fasting subjects received 200 mg cimetidine orally either with water or 11 g aluminium phosphate mixture in a randomized, single dose, two-way cross-over study. Blood samples were taken for 12 h and urine was collected for 24 h. Cimetidine in plasma and urine was analysed by HPLC. There were no significant differences between the treatments with respect to peak plasma concentration, time to peak plasma concentration, area under the plasma concentration-time curve, and urinary excretion. In 12 healthy subjects the absorption of prednisolone was investigated when given alone and together with 11 g aluminium phosphate. Blood samples were taken over 16 h and prednisolone in plasma was analysed by HPLC. There were no significant differences in the values of area under curve (AUC), Cmax and tmax. The results indicate that aluminium phosphate does not reduce the bioavailability of cimetidine and prednisolone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00630299
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of cimetidine in advanced cirrhosis (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 347-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; cirrhosis ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; clearance reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of impaired liver function on the pharmacokinetics of cimetidine was studied in 8 patients with advanced cirrhosis given single doses of 100 mg i.v. and 400 mg p.o. on separate days. Compared to a control group of 10 healthy volunteers, the total renal and nonrenal clearance was significantly reduced in the cirrhotic patients; (total plasma clearance mean ± SD) 356±181 vs 789±262 ml/min (p〈0.01); renal clearance (Clr) 296±100 vs 588±181 ml/min (p〈0.01) and nonrenal clearance (Clnr) 97±111 vs 205±89 ml/min (p〈0.05). Compared to published results for age-matched ulcer patients, both total and nonrenal clearance were lower whereas renal clearance was within the reported normal range. A significant reduction in volume of distribution (Vdβ) was found, from 2.1±0.1 l/kg in controls to 1.0±0.4l/kg, and in the patient group there was a significant correlation between Vdβ and total plasma clearance (r=0.72, p〈0.05). Volume of distribution in steady state (Vdss) did not differ from published results in age-matched controls. No significant change in half-life was found. Bioavailability, estimated by AUC-measurement, showed considerable patient variability (21–143%), with a mean of 70±39%. This was lower than in the controls. In contrast, measurement of urinary excretion showed higher bioavailability in the patients (66±23 vs 51±8%). No correlation was found between any of the kinetic parameters and the clinical and laboratory data. It is suggested that patients with advanced cirrhosis should be closely observed when given cimetidine, and a reduction in dose should be concidered if side effects are to be avoided.
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    Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of phenytoin during pregnancy (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: phenytoin ; epileptic women ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; pregnancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five epileptic women needing to commence phenytoin therapy during pregnancy received a single intravenous and a single oral dose of phenytoin several days apart before starting regular intake of the drug. Plasma phenytoin concentration — time data were analysed by three different pharmacokinetic techniques. However assessed, the mean oral bioavailability of the drug proved to be about 90% of the intravenous bioavailability. This finding makes it unlikely that impaired bioavailability accounts for the increase in oral phenytoin dosage necessary in pregnancy to maintain plasma phenytoin concentrations at pre-pregnancy values. Phenytoin clearance in the pregnant subjects was approximately double the published values for phenytoin clearance in nonpregnant persons. This suggests that increased (metabolic) clearance accounts for the increased phenytoin dosage requirement of pregnancy.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553163
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  • 22
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    Effect of food on pharmacokinetics of chlorambucil and its main metabolite, phenylacetic acid mustard (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 111-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: chlorambucil ; chronic lymphocytic leukaemia ; phenylacetic acid mustard ; food intake ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of food intake on the pharmacokinetics of chlorambucil (C) and its cytotoxic metabolite, phenylacetic acid mustard (PAM), has been studied in man after oral doses of chlorambucil. The administration of chlorambucil with food resulted in slower absorption than when fasting. However, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was unaffected. The mean ratio AUCPAM/AUCC was 2.8 (range 1.4–7.1) under fasting and 3.3 (range 1.3–7.4) under nonfasting conditions. The metabolite very probably plays an important role in the cytotoxic effects observed after administration of C, since calculations show that a major fraction of the metabolite is eliminated by alkylation reactions.
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    Studies of the bioavailability of nitroglycerin from a transdermal therapeutic system (Nitroderm TTS) (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 7-12 
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    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitroglycerin ; plasma concentration ; transdermal administration ; bioavailability ; pharmacodynamics ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 6 healthy volunteers, intravenous infusions of nitroglycerin 4.8 and 10.6 µg/min yielded mean steady-state plasma concentrations of 0.5±0.02 and 0.82±0.04 ng/ml as determined by a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method. The plasma concentrations reached in the same subjects 17 h after application of Nitroderm TTS 5 and 10 with in vivo release rates of 3.7 and 5.7 µg/min were 0.28±0.01 and 0.37±0.01 ng/ml, respectively. Thus, 75% of the quantity of nitroglycerin released by the systems passed into the circulation. The inter-individual and intra-individual variations in plasma concentrations were similar for both modes of administration. The nitroglycerin-induced morphological changes in the fingerpulse wave were clearly dose-dependent, but it seems that this pharmacodynamic parameter is determined less by the plasma concentration than by the nitroglycerin content of the vascular wall.
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    Pharmacokinetics of oral and rectal flurbiprofen in children (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 367-369 
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    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: flurbiprofen ; syrup ; suppository ; kinetics ; children ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eight subjects, aged 6–12 years and weighing 18.8–36.7 kg, received single doses of flurbiprofen 50 or 75 mg (corresponding to 1.4–2.7 mg/kg) as syrup and suppository in a Latin square design. Half-life (2.7–3.2 h), elimination constant (0.22–0.26 h−1), area under the plasma level curve (72.4–77.3 µg·h·ml−1) and time to reach the concentration peak (1–0.75 h) were similar after the syrup and suppository. Flurbiprofen showed equivalent bioavailability after oral and rectal administration and the same pharmacokinetic profile was confirmed in children as observed in adults.
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    Cimetidine bioavailability and variable renal clearance (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 623-624 
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    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; bioavailability ; renal clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00556904
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  • 26
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    Cloning by genetic complementation and restriction mapping of the yeast HEM1 gene coding for 5-aminolevulinate synthase (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 327-331 
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    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; 5-aminolevulinate synthase ; Cloned gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have cloned the structural gene HEM1 for 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) synthase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by transformation and complementation of a yeast hem1–5 mutant which was previously shown to lack ALA synthase activity (Urban-Grimal and Labbe Bois 1981) and had no immunodetectable ALA synthase protein when tested with yeast ALA synthase antiserum. The gene was selected from a recombinant cosmid pool which contained wild-type yeast genomic DNA fragments of an average size of 40 kb. The cloned gene was identified by the restauration.of growth on a non fermentable carbon source without addition of exogenous ALA. Sub cloning of partial Sau3A digests and functional analysis by transformation allowed us to isolate three independent plasmids, each carrying a 6 kb yeast DNA fragment inserted in either orientation into the single BamHI site of the vector pHCG3 and able to complement hem1–5 mutation. Analysis of the three plasmids by restriction endonucleases showed that HEM1 is contained within a 2.9 kb fragment. The three corresponding yeast trans formants present a 1, 2.5 and 16 fold increase in ALA synthase activity as compared to the wild-type strain. The gene product immunodetected in the transformant yeast cells has identical size as the wild-type yeast ALA synthase and its amount correlates well with the increase in ALA synthase activity.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00419820
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    An improved isolation procedure for yeast two-micrometer minichromosomes (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 9 (1984), S. 107-111 
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    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; 2 μm minichromosomes ; Metrizamide gradients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two micrometer minichromosomes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated without detergent using metrizamide gradients. 2 μm minichromosomes showed a lower density in metrizamide gradients relative to genomic chromatin. Our results suggest a lower ratio of proteins to DNA in 2-μm minichromosomes as compared with genomic chromatin. The procedure described herein yields minichromosomes free of cellular chromatin and ribosomal protein contamination. This method may be useful for the isolation and characterization of other yeast minichromosomes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396211
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    Homoplasmic yeast cells contain no selectable “hidden” mitochondrial alleles (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 81-84 
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    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Mitochondrial genes ; Vegetative segregation ; Uniparental inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Zygotes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are heteroplasmic for mitochondrial alleles produce diploid progeny that are homoplasmic for one allele or the other, judged by the criterion that upon further subcloning they produce daughter cells of only one phenotype or the other. Here we show that when such cells are subjected to strong selection for the missing allele, it cannot be detected, so that it is probably not present in even a single copy.
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  • 29
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    Regulation of transcription of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYC1 gene: Identification of a DNA region involved in heme control (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 45-48 
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    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Iso-1-cytochrome c ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Heme ; Transcription
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant (hem1 cycl-1) was transformed with plasmids bearing a chromosomal centromer (CEN3) and a 2 μm DNA replication origin. In one of the plasmids a functional CYC1 gene was present, in a second plasmid an XhoI fragment located between bases -245 and -678 upstream from the translation initiation codon had been deleted, in a third plasmid this region had been inverted. Results of hybridization experiments carried out with mRNA isolated from heme-deficient and heme-containing transformants indicated that heme controls transcription of the CYC1 gene and that DNA sequences located within the upstream XhoI fragment are involved in activation of the gene by heme.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405431
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    Structure and function of the TRP3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Analysis of transcription, promoter sequence, and sequence coding for a glutamine amidotransferase (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 165-172 
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    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; TRP3 gene ; Sequence analysis ; Enzyme function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The structure and function of the TRP3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were analyzed. Subcloning of an original 4.8 kb BamHI DNA fragment, carrying the yeast TRP3 gene, allowed for a localization of the gene on a 2.5 kb ClaI/BamHI fragment. Transcription was found to proceed from the ClaI site towards the BamHI site. Three major transcription start sites were determined at positions −92, −87, and −81 by S1-mapping. The synthesis of the TRP3 gene is regulated by the general control, and was found to take place- at the transcriptional level. The sequence of the 5′-noncoding region up to position −400 and part of the coding region to position 840 were determined. The 5′-noncoding region contains sequences common to most amino acid biosynthetic genes known so far, namely a presumptive ribosome binding site, “Goldberg-Hogness boxes”, and a consensus sequence, possibly involved in the general control. For the coding region a single open reading frame was found. The deduced amino acid sequence was aligned with homologous amino acid sequences of Neurospora crassa, Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli. The exceptionally high homology (40–60%) between these sequences led us to postulate that the TRP3 gene product is of the structure NH2-glutamine amidotransferase-indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase-COOH.
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    Cloning and identification of a DNA fragment coding for the sup1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 467-470 
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    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Cloning ; Suppressor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A plasmid, pYsup1-1, containing a DNA fragment able to suppress the recessive mutant phenotype of the suppressor locus sup1 (allele sup1-ts36) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was isolated from a bank of yeast chromosomal DNA cloned in cosmid p3030. The complementing gene was localized on a 2.6 kb DNA fragment by further subcloning. Evidence is presented that the cloned DNA segment codes for the sup1 structural gene (chromosome IIR).
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    Hybridization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Candida utilis through protoplast fusion (1984)
    Springer
    Current genetics 8 (1984), S. 575-580 
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    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Candida utilis ; Protoplast fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Auxotrophic mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis were hybridized through protoplast fusion. Spontaneous, UV- and FPA-induced mitotic segregation indicated that after cell fusion, exclusion of the S. cerevisiae nucleus or nuclear fusion followed by preferential loss of S. cerevisiae chromosomes can take place. Some of the hybrids were stable. One of them, expressed mating and sporulation functions of the S. cerevisiae parent. Thus, markers from both parents could be recovered as mitotic and meiotic segregants.
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    Bioavailability of cyclophosphamide from oral formulations (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 269-270 
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    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cyclophosphamide ; cytostatic drug ; cancer therapy ; female breast cancer ; bioavailability ; rapid release formulations ; gastric juice resistant formulation ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an alkylating cytostatic compound, which is activated to its cytotoxic form in the liver [1]. Since the therapeutic range of CP in the treatment of human tumours, is small like other cytostatics, a constant high bioavailability is essential for its oral administration. Although CP has become one of the most widely used cytostatics [2], there do not appear to have been any bioavailability investigations providing the necessary information. The development of a very sensitive gas chromatographic analytical method has now permited investigation of the pharmacokinetics of oral CP in conventional clinical doses [3, 4, 5, 6].
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    Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of digitoxin by a specific assay (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 85-89 
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    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: digitoxin ; radioimmunoassay ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; digitoxin metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of digitoxin were examined in six normal human subjects using an assay that separates digitoxin from its metabolites. After intravenous administration, the mean systemic clearance was 2.44 ml/min; the volume of distribution was 0.47 l/kg; and the elimination half-life was 6.5 days. After oral administration, the elimination half-life was 5.8 days. The bioavailability was 81.5% using the specific assay. Using a non-specific, direct serum digitoxin radioimmunoassay the bioavailability was 98.0%. Assay of aqueous fractions from extracted serum samples indicated higher levels of water-soluble metabolites following oral compared to intravenous digitoxin administration. These findings suggest that previously reported values for digitoxin bioavailability using non-specific methods may be falsely elevated due to the presence of digitoxin metabolites in serum.
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    Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of digitoxin by a specific assay (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 85-89 
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    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: digitoxin ; radioimmunoassay ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; digitoxin metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of digitoxin were examined in six normal human subjects using an assay that separates digitoxin from its metabolites. After intravenous administration, the mean systemic clearance was 2.44 ml/min; the volume of distribution was 0.47 l/kg; and the elimination half-life was 6.5 days. After oral administration, the elimination half-life was 5.8 days. The bioavailability was 81.5% using the specific assay. Using a non-specific, direct serum digitoxin radioimmunoassay the bioavailability was 98.0%. Assay of aqueous fractions from extracted serum samples indicated higher levels of water-soluble metabolites following oral compared to intravenous digitoxin administration. These findings suggest that previously reported values for digitoxin bioavailability using non-specific methods may be falsely elevated due to the presence of digitoxin metabolites in serum.
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    Selective inhibition of transition from sexual agglutination to zygote formation by ethyl N-phenylcarbamate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 188-193 
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    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Agglutination substance ; α Pheromone ; Cell cycle ; Ethyl N-phenylcarbamate ; Mating reaction ; Microtubules ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of ethyl N-phenylcarbamate (EPC) on the mating reaction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied, with special attention on the effect on the α pheromone action. EPC inhibited zygote formation at a concentration which promoted induction of sexual agglutinability. EPC enhanced agglutinability induction by α pheromone, but inhibited α-pheromone-induced formation of large pearshaped cells in a mating type. The enhancement of agglutinability induction was accompanied with increased production of a agglutination substance and inhibition of α pheromone inactivation. EPC arrested the cell cycle of a cells probably in the step controlled by CDC19, CDC35, cAMP etc., just before the step controlled by CDC28, α pheromone etc.
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    An examination of factors affecting the instability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae glucan synthetase in cell free extracts (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 209-214 
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    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Glucan synthetase ; EDTA ; Magnesium ; Sucrose ; Fluoride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Yeast β(1–3) glucan synthetase is stimulated and stabilized by EDTA. Sucrose protects the enzyme from selfinactivaton. Preincubation of cell free extracts at low sucrose concentrations indicates a slow transition of the enzyme towards dissociation. Transition kinetics at 30° C and 0° C in the presence and in the absence of sucrose are interpreted assuming that a subunit is thermolabile in the free state and that sucrose increases its stability. Magnesium is deletereous for glucan synthetase in cell-free extracts. Chaotropic agents inactivate glucan synthetase according to their capacity to solubilize and depolymerize biological compounds. Fluoride plays a special role in the activation of glucan synthetase. Its action appears to be dependent on the presence of GTP (or other nucleotides). The role of all these agents on the activity and stability of the enzyme is interpreted in a unified scheme.
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    Comparison of the killer toxin of several yeasts and the purification of a toxin of type K2 (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 357-361 
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    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Yeast ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Killer toxin ; Extracellular glycoprotein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A total of 13 killer toxin producing strains belonging to the genera Saccharomyces, Candida and Pichia were tested against each other and against a sensitive yeast strain. Based on the activity of the toxins 4 different toxins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 different toxins of Pichia and one toxin of Candida were recognized. The culture filtrate of Pichia and Candida showed a much smaller activity than the strains of Saccharomyces. Extracellular killer toxins of 3 types of Saccharomyces were concentrated and partially purified. The pH optimum and the isoelectric point were determined. The killer toxins of S. cerevisiae strain NCYC 738, strain 399 and strain 28 were glycoproteins and had a molecular weight of Mr=16,000. The amino acid composition of the toxin type K2 of S. cerevisiae strain 399 was determined and compared with the composition of two other toxins.
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    Isolation, and biochemical and biological characterization of an a-mating-type-specific glycoprotein responsible for sexual agglutination from the cytoplasm of a-cells, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 140 (1984), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Agglutination substance ; Cell-cell recognition ; Glycoprotein ; Mating ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Sexual agglutinability ; Yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An a-mating-type-specific substance responsible for sexual agglutination was purified to 397-times in specific activity (units/mg protein) from the cytoplasm of a-mating type cells. The purified substance gave a single band stained with PAS reagent but not with both Coomassie brilliant blue and silver staining reagent by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of 8 M urea. However, incorporation of [35S]methionine and Lowry reaction clearly indicate that the substance is a glycoprotein. The substance specifically masked sexual agglutinability of cells of the opposite mating type α, indicating univalent action. The substance is a glycoprotein with a carbohydrate content of 90%, a pI of 4.5, and a molecular weight of 130,000. The substance was inactivated by 2-mercaptoethanol and proteolytic enzymes but not by glycolytic enzymes. The substance formed a complementary complex having no biological activity when mixed with α-agglutination substance from the wall or cytoplasm of α-cells in vitro.
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    α-mating-type-specific suppression and a-mating-type-specific enhancement by tunicamycin of sexual agglutinability in the yeast Saccharomyces cervisiae (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 138 (1984), S. 310-314 
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    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Glycoprotein ; Inducible strains ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Sexual agglutinability ; Tunicamycin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of tunicamycin (TM) on the sexual agglutinability and zygote formation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied using the two kinds of haploid strains, inducible and constitutive for sexual agglutinability. Induction of sexual agglutinability by opposite mating type sex pheromone of inducible strains was inhibited by TM in α mating type but not in a mating type. The recovery by temperature-shift-down from the temperature-suppressed sexual agglutinability of constitutive strains was enhanced by TM in a mating type but rather inhibited in α mating type. Pretreatment with TM of constitutive strains enhanced sexual agglutinability in a mating type but not in α mating type. The above-mentioned a-mating-type-specific agglutinability-enhancing actions of TM were discussed in relation to the action mechanism of α pheromone which induces or enhances the sexual agglutinability of a cells. Zygote formation was inhibited by TM in both constitutive and inducible strains at concentrations which showed only partially inhibitory effect on sexual agglutinability.
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    Chemical stimuli in host-habitat location byLeptopilina heterotoma (Thomson) (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae), a parasite ofDrosophila (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 695-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Leptopilinaheterotoma ; Hymenoptera ; Eucoilidae ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; host-habitat searching ; chemoreception ; fermentation products ; ethanol ; ethyl acetate ; acetaldehyde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Chemical stimuli play an important role in the process of searching for a host habitat by parasitic wasps. Volatile compounds originating from host habitats and/or hosts are the cues that enable such a location.Leptopilina heterotoma, a larval parasite ofDrosophila, is attracted to the food of its host, baker's yeast. Analysis of the fermentation products of baker's yeast, using a mass spectrometer, and olfactometer studies indicate that three fermentation products of this yeast, the main component of the host habitat in our laboratory, attractL. heterotoma: ethanol (5%), ethyl acetate (10−2, 10−3%), and acetaldehyde (1%). A combination of these three compounds, however, cannot compete with baker's yeast in attracting the parasites. Thus other factors, such as different compounds, concentrations, and/or combinations, also, play a role and remain to be tested.Leptopilina heterotoma does not use host-related olfactory cues in long-distance habitat location as it cannot distinguish between host habitat and host habitat with hosts.
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    Study on nuclear and cytoplasmic genome expression in wheat by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 335-345 
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    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; 2D electrophoresis ; Developmental genetics ; Cytoplasmic inheritance ; Genetic regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of denaturated proteins were performed at five developmental stages or organs (hereafter referred to as stage-organs) on two wheat lines with four different cytoplasms. Five hundred and fifty to 712 reproducible spots were scored depending on the stage-organ. Each stage-organ is unambiguously characterized and several types of control of protein quantity are recorded. Post-translational modifications are hypothetized and may sometimes be stagespecific. Two cytoplasmic patterns are found: one for the euplasmic lines with Triticum aestivum cytoplasm and one for the alloplasmic lines with Aegilops juvenalis, Ae. ventricosa and Ae. kotschyi cytoplasms. Cytoplasmic variation is observed for 28 spots showing position difference, all of which are probably products of the LS gene, and for four spots showing differences for regulation of protein quantity. Nuclear variation between ‘Chinese Spring’ and ‘Selkirk’ is found for 20 allelic differences and for 20 regulatory systems, the latter number being probably underestimated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267887
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    Blocks of gliadin components in winter wheat detected by one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1984), S. 559-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Gliadins ; Electrophoresis ; Hybridological analysis ; Genetic nomenclature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Inheritance of gliadin components in winter wheat has been studied by one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Single F2 grains from 36 intervarietal hybrid combinations have been analysed. The genetic analysis has revealed blocks, including 1–6 gliadin components, which are inherited as individual mendelian traits. About 80 variants of blocks have been detected. On the basis of the allelism test they are grouped into 6 series in accordance with the number of known gliadin-coding loci located on chromosomes of the homoeologous groups 1 and 6. Each series includes 8–18 blocks controlled by different alleles of one gliadin-coding locus. Blocks of components have been confirmed to be inherited codominantly in accordance to the gene dose in the triploid endosperm. The highest similarity between members of one series is observed in groups of blocks controlled by chromosomes ID and 6D. On the contrary, many blocks controlled by chromosomes 1A and 1B have no bands in common. The presented catalogue of blocks of components may be used to make up gliadin genetic formulae and to compare electrophoregrams obtained by different authors. Blocks of gliadin components are suitable genetic markers for use in revealing and studying heterogeneity of wheat varieties, in tracing their origin, in identifying recombinations, translocations and substitutions of the genetic material and in solving many other problems of the origin, evolution and selection of hexaploid wheat.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264904
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    Analysis of nucleolar activity in Agropyron elongatum, its amphiploid with Triticum aestivum and the chromosome addition lines (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 75-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Amphiplasty ; Ag-NOR ; Addition lines ; Nucleolar organizer ; Agropyron elongatum ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleolar organizer activity of the Agropyron elongatum, its amphiploid with hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) and the chromosome addition lines is analyzed by the silver-staining procedure. Four Ag-NORs are observed in A. elongatum corresponding to the chromosomes 6E and 7E. In the amphiploid T. aestivum — A. elongatum, eight Ag-NORs are observed which corresponds the wheat chromosomes 1B and 6B and to the elongatum chromosomes 6E and 7E. Thus, there is codominance in the nucleolar organizer activity of the chromosomes of the two species. However, a partial amphiplasty is detected since less than 8 Ag-NORs (7 up to 4) are observed in some metaphase cells; the chromosomes 6E and 7E are occasionally suppressed by wheat chromosomes. This conclusion is confirmed by the behaviour of the addition lines since only in those corresponding to the chromosomes 6E and 7E are the elongatum chromosomes nucleolar active although occasionally they can be suppressed by wheat chromosomes.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252316
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    The meiotic pairing of nine wheat chromosomes (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 69 (1984), S. 193-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: C-banding ; Heterochromatin ; Meiosis ; Common wheat ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The meiotic identification of nine pairs of chromosomes at metaphase I of meiosis of Triticum aestivum (B genome, 4A and 7A) has been achieved using a Giemsa C-banding technique. As a result, the analysis of the pairing of each chromosome arm in disomic and monosomic intervarietal hybrids between ‘Chinese Spring’ and the Spanish cultivar ‘Pané 247’ could be carried out. Differences in the chiasmata frequencies per chromosome arm cannot be explained on the basis of relative arm lengths only. Possible effects of arm-to-arm heterochromatic differences on meiotic pairing are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272894
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    Genetic analysis of gliadin components in winter wheat using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 69 (1984), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Gliadins ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Hybridological analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Blocks of gliadin components found both in a number of varieties and in single F2 grains of winter wheat intervarietal hybrids have been studied by two-dimensional electrophoresis combining electrophoresis in acidic aluminium-lactate buffer (pH3.1) and SDS-electrophoresis. Gliadin components (spots) have been shown to be inherited as linked groups (blocks), codominantly and in accordance with a gene dosage in triploid endosperm. Blocks include components differing in their electrophoretic mobility and molecular weight. Some allelic variants of blocks differ only in presence of few additional components or in the electrophoretic mobility of components with similar molecular weights; other variants may contain no similar components. Apparently, in the course of evolution, mutations in individual genes of gliadin-coding loci and processes changing the number of expressing genes and the sizes of their structural part occurred.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262533
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    Cytogenetic relationship ofAegilops longissima chromosomes with common wheat chromosomes (1984)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 145 (1984), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Triticum aestivum ; Aegilops longissima ; Cytogenetics ; homoeologous relationships ; chromosome substitutions ; translocations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationships of three wheat-Aegilops longissima chromosome addition lines A, C, and D with homoeologous wheat chromosomes were studied in PMC meiosis. Substitutions of alien chromosome A for wheat chromosome 6 B, chromosome C for 1 B and chromosome D for 4 B were obtained. The production of 4 BS/C and 7 BS/D chromosome translocations indicated cytogenetic relationships of C partially to homoeologous wheat chromosomes of group 1 and 4, and D partially to homoeologous wheat chromosomes of group 4 and 7.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984027
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    Absence of a significant pharmacokinetic interaction between hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene when coadministered (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 12 (1984), S. 575-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: hydrochlorothiazide ; triamterene ; hydroxytriamterene sulfate ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; renal clearance ; interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Hydrochlorothiazide, triamterene, and hydroxytriamterene sulfate were monitored in the plasma and urine of 24 healthy young men taking single doses of a liquid preparation containing both hydrochlorothiazide and triameterene, liquid preparations containing either of these drugs alone, and a combination tablet recently formulated with a dose ratio of hydrochlorothiazide: triamterene (1∶1,5) found to give optimal potassium-sparing effect. In contradiction to a recent publication, no interaction between the drugs affecting the bioavailability or renal clearance of either could be demonstrated. The previous report of drug-drug interaction probably arose from formulationrelated problems with bioavailability from the two capsule and two tablet products which had been studied. A well-formulated hydrochlorothiazide-triamterene combination tablet promotes plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of hydrochlorothiazide, triamterene, and hydroxytriamterene sulfate which are virtually identical to those seen after either a combination liquid dosage form or simple liquid forms containing only one of the two drugs.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01059553
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    Disopyramide pharmacokinetics and bioavailability following the simultaneous administration of disopyramide and14C-disopyramide (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 12 (1984), S. 289-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: protein binding ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; disopyramide ; heart failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of total (bound plus unbound) and unbound disopyramide were compared following the simultaneous administration of an oral dose of disopyramide and an intravenous dose of14C-disopyramide in five normal volunteers and in 11 patients with congestive heart failure. The binding of disopyramide varied between 60 and 92% in patients and between 81 and 88% in normal subjects at postequilibrium drug concentrations of 10−7M. The binding of disopyramide to serum protein was concentration-dependent in all study subjects at serum concentrations achieved following drug administration. The association constant for the first binding site in serum from normal subjects and patients averaged 8.7X105 M−1 and 4.4X10 5 M−1, respectively (p 〈 0.05). The unbound clearance of disopyramide averaged 277ml/min and 209 ml/min in normal subjects and in patients (p 〈 0.05). When normalized for body weight, the unbound clearance between patients and normal subjects was not significantly different. The elimination half-life of unbound concentrations in normal subjects and in patients averaged 4.9 and 6.1 h, respectively (p 〈 0.05). The clearance and elimination half-life of total disopyramide was the same in both groups. Although the bioavailability of disopyramide averaged 0.85 in both groups, it was more variable in patients owing to the variability in the fraction of the dose absorbed. The unbound renal clearance and volume of distribution at steady state of disopyramide was related to cardiac index. The ratio of elimination half-lives of total and unbound disopyramide was related to the extent of serum protein binding.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061722
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    Lack of influence of an intensive antacid regimen on theophylline bioavailability (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 12 (1984), S. 315-331 
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    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: theophylline ; antacids ; interaction ; bioavailability ; steady state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We examined the influence of a large-volume, therapeutic antacid regimen, administered for three full days, on the steady-state bioavailability of a conventional-release and sustained-release theophylline product, Aminophyllin and Theodur, respectively. Nine stable asthmatics voluntarily completed a four-phase investigation requiring a total stay of 12 days in the Clinical Research Unit. The treatments consisted of administration of the formulations mentioned with and without antacids to each patient in a randomized sequence. Four patients participated in an additional phase where antacids were administered q2h around the clock for three days. After coadministration of theophylline plus antacids for two days, theophylline therapy was discontinued while numerous blood samples were obtained over 22 hr and analyzed for theophylline content via radioimmunoassay. Antacids had no predictable, consistent influence on theophylline absorption rate as determined by the absorption rate constant, the time to maximal theophylline concentration, or the lag time for theophylline absorption. Antacids had no detectable influence on theophylline elimination half-life and had no consistent, statistically significant effect on the extent of theophylline bioavailability, according to measurements of maximal concentration, AUCmeasured over the appropriate steady-state dosing interval, or elimination-rate adjusted AUC.The substantial intraindividual changes for all parameters of theophylline bioavailability that occurred for control and treatment phases likely represent spontaneous, random between-day variability in theophylline disposition independent of antacid administration, as evidenced by the comparability of the percent coefficient of variation for parameters of biovailability across all phases. Our data demonstrate that therapeutic antacid administration has no effect on steady-state theophylline bioavailability and does not alter the intrinsic variability in theophylline absorption. Based on the results of our data, it is unlikely that a clinically significant (〉20%) decrease in theophylline absorption would occur in any patient treated intensively with antacids concurrently.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061723
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    A new statistical procedure for testing equivalence in two-group comparative bioavailability trials (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 12 (1984), S. 83-91 
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    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: bioavailability ; bioequivalence ; hypothesis tests ; sample size determination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The clinical problem of testing for equivalence in comparative bioavailability trials is restated in terms of the proper statistical hypotheses. A simple t-test procedure for these hypotheses has been devloped that is more powerful than the methods based on usual (shortest) and symmetric confidence intervals. In this note, this new procedure is explained and an example is given, including the method for sample size determination.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01063612
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    Theoretical considerations in the calculation of bioavailability of drugs exhibiting Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 12 (1984), S. 437-450 
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    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: first-pass ; bioavailability ; Michaelis-Menten ; volume of distribution ; absorption rate constant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two approaches used for bioavailability determination of drugs with Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics were examined by computer simulation. The first method involved treating the drug as though its clearance remained constant during elimination, and the conventional method of taking the ratio of areas under the curve resulting from the oral and intravenous doses was used to calculate bioavailability. The second approach involved using the Michaelis parameters, Vmax and Km,to determine concentration dependent clearance values, but based these calculations on peripheral drug concentrations rather than on concentrations entering or in the liver. We have developed a simulation method that was used to test the accuracy of the above two methods. In the simulations described, Vmax, Km,and hepatic blood flow were chosen to represent a drug with an extraction ratio of 0.9 under linear conditions, but with Michaelis-Menten kinetics occurring at the doses given. Absorption was assumed to be first-order, and metabolism was assumed to occur only in the liver. These simulations showed that the most accurate determination of bioavailability requires knowledge of the direct contribution of oral absorption to the concentration of drug entering the liver. Unexpectedly, the results also showed that if a drug has a large volume of distribution or a large absorption rate constant, or both, use of the much simpler conventional method of bioavailability determination may be appropriate even in cases where the degree of saturation is substantial.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01062667
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    Yield responses by modern wheat genotypes to phosphate fertilizer and their implications for breeding (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 81-89 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; grain yield ; phosphate response ; height ; harvest index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The response to phosphate fertilizer by modern wheat genotypes was examined in the field under natural rainfall in three seasons. Models were developed which show that grain yield was positively correlated with biological yield and harvest index. In one of the seasons, which was relatively dry, shorter statured wheats gave higher yields at each level of applied phosphate. Higher levels of phosphate tended to offset the reduction in yield associated with late heading and the importance of biological yield on grain yield. The genotypes which produced the largest number of grains m-2 produced the highest yields. Implications for plant breeding programs are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022753
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    Genetic and cytogenetic studies with a male sterile mutant of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; male sterility ; meiotic analyses ; gene mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Genetic and cytogenetic studies were done on a male sterile mutant of the wheat variety ‘Probus’. Association of the 4A chromosome carrying the ms gene was studied in the F1 of the male sterile ‘Probus’ with ‘Chinese Spring’ ditelo 4AS, with ‘Transec’ and with line ‘T4AS-DRS’ respectively. The presumption that the genetic male sterility of the mutant was due to a terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4A could be confirmed. Linkage studies showed that the ms gene was at 17 map units from the dwarfing gene (Rht3) of ‘Minister dwarf’. This allows selection of short male sterile plants at the seedling stage.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022756
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    SDS-PAGE of the high-molecular-weight subunits of wheat glutenin and the characterization of 1R (1B) substitution and 1BL/1RS translocation lines (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; glutenin ; high molecular-weight subunits of glutenin ; SDS-PAGE ; 1R(1B) substitution identification ; 1BL/1RS translocation identification ; bread-making quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin from wheat 1R(1B) substitution and 1BL/1RS translocation lines were fractionated by SDS-PAGE. Two new subunits denoted R1 and R2 were characterized in 1R(1B) substitution, but not in 1BL/1RS translocation lines. R1 and R2 were proved to be rye proteins by 2d electrophoresis (NEPHGE x SDS-PAGE). In contrast to literature citations it was demonstrated that the cultivar Winnetou is a 1R(1B) substitution line and the cultivars Clement and Mildress both are 1BL/1RS translocation lines.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022742
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    A recessive resistance gene for yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis West.) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 561-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; common wheat ; Puccinia striiformis ; yellow rust ; stripe rust ; resistance ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three lines derived from the old ‘dirty’ Dutch land variety Gelderse Ris were resistant against race 66(70)EO(16) of yellow rust. It was found that this resistance was conditioned by one recessive gene provisionally coded yrGR.
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    Physiological responses of six bread wheat and durum wheat genotypes to water stress (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 757-767 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Triticum durum ; durum wheat ; water stress ; photosynthesis ; stomatal resistance ; leaf water potential ; water efficiency ; breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The responses of six wheat genotypes to water stress were analysed. Soil moisture (H), leaf water potential (Ψw), photosynthesis (PN), stomatal resistance (rs) and transpiration (T) were measured during a water stress. The genotypes investigated differed in their stress avoidance (Ψw-H relationship) and their stress tolerance (PN-Ψw and rs-Ψw relationships). The most important differences observed concern the mechanisms of tolerance at low leaf water potential: two varieties, Haurani 27 and Baalback, can then maintain a high photosynthetic activity. These observations are in agreement with the drought resistance characteristics already known for these genotypes. Possible applications to wheat breeding are considered
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    Plant nitrogen distribution in wild tetraploid (Triticum turgidum dicoccoides) and hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 641-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum dicoccoides ; wild emmer ; Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; nitrogen uptake ; plant nitrogen distribution ; translocation efficiency ; harvest index ; domestication ; evolution ; yield components ; grain protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Differences were found in total nitrogen uptake and its pattern of distribution in the main tiller amongst five lines of wild tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum dicoccoides) and between it and two hexaploid wheats (Triticum aestivum) under low (48 ppm) and higher (240 ppm) levels of soil nitrogen. Under the low soil nitrogen level the hexaploids had higher amounts of total nitrogen in the main tiller than the dicoccoides lines, but under the higher soil nitrogen level, three of the dicoccoides lines had significantly (P〈0.01) higher, and the other two lines, similar amounts as the hexaploids. The total amount of grain nitrogen in the hexaploids was significantly (P〈0.01) higher than the five dicoccoides under the low nitrogen soil level but under the higher level, two of the dicoccoides lines had similar amounts as one of the hexaploids (cv. Bencubbin) but significantly (P〈0.01) lower than the other (cv. Argentine IX). The efficiency of nitrogen translocation to the grain was significantly (P〈0.01) lower in a primitive, compared with four cereal forms of dicoccoides under both low and high levels of soil nitrogen. The cereal forms of dicoccoides, while similar in nitrogen translocation efficiency under low soil nitrogen as the lower translocation efficiency hexaploid (cv. Bencubbin), were significantly (P〈0.01) and substantially lower than it under the higher soil nitrogen level.
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    A role for managanese in the resistance of wheat plants to take-all (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 78 (1984), S. 441-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Gaeumannomyces graminis vartritici ; Hay-die ; Manganese deficiency ; Take-all ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The hypothesis that wheat plants deficient in managenese are predisposed to infection byGaeumannomyces graminis is outlined, and a test of the hypothesis in a soil system is reported. The results supported the hypothesis: wheat plants growing in managanese-deficient soil, although not showing foliar symptoms, were markedly more susceptible to infection; plant analysis confirmed the nutrient status of the plants. A review of the literature on take-all in wheat coupled with the results of our experiments suggests a reinterpretation of the etiology of this disease, since those edaphic factors which promote infection by this organism are those which also render managese unavailable to the host. Managenese nutrition is proposed as a common factor in many of the environmental conditions which influence the host-pathogen balance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02450379
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    Temperature as a component of the expression of developmental responses in wheat (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 91-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; near-isogenic lines ; chromosome substitution lines ; vernalization ; photoperiod, ear emergence ; basic development rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Studies were made of days to ear emergence under the constant temperatures of 9, 14, 19 and 25°C and 16 h photoperiod in three sets of wheat lines each possessing genotypes differing for developmental responses. Days to ear emergence in three near-isogenic lines of the wheat cultivar Triple Dirk, which differed for vernalization response, increased as the strength of the response increased. At the four temperatures Triple Dirk D (Vrn 1 vrn 2) was not significantly different from normal Triple Dirk (Vrn 1 Vrn 2) but Triple Dirk B (vrn 1 Vrn 2) was significantly (P=0.01) later than normal Triple Dirk at each temperature. This indicates that the vrn 1 allele confers stronger vernalization response than vrn 2 over the range of temperatures (9–24°C). However, Triple Dirk C (vrn 1 vrn 2) failed to head after 120 days at each temperature indicating strong interaction between vrn 1 and vrn 2 with each other (and possibly the Triple Dirk back-ground) to give a much stronger vernalization response than predictions from additivity of their individual effects. The second set comprised the four Chinese Spring/Thatcher chromosome substitution lines CS/T 3B, 6B, 7B and 5D, plus Chinese Spring and Thatcher, and were grown in the unvernalized condition. CS/T 5D was similar in days to ear emergence as Chinese Spring at all four temperatures but the other three lines were earlier to ear emergence, particularly as the temperature increased. Days to ear emergence was fastest at 14°C in all lines, except CS/T 3B, in which it decreased progressively from 9 to 24°C. The third set of Chinese Spring and Thatcher and the homoeologous group 2 chromosomes of Thatcher substituted in Chinese Spring, the group which is considered to be involved in the control of photoperiod sensitivity. The three substitution lines responded differently to temperature compared with Chinese Spring and with each other, with chromosome 2D being the least, and chromosome 2B the most, responsive to temperature.
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    Transgressive segregation for resistance to yellow rust in wheat (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 123-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; durable resistance ; Puccinia striiformis ; yellow rust of wheat ; race-specific resistance ; race-non-specific resistance ; trangressive segregation ; stripe rust
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Crosses were made between wheat varieties Joss Cambier, Nord Desprez and Maris Bilbo, all classified as susceptible to yellow rust in field tests, and between Cappelle Desprez and Maris Huntsman, both classified as moderately and durably resistant. Selection for resistance to yellow rust among the progeny was carried out using races of Puccinia striiformis able to overcome all the known race-specific components of resistance in both parents of each cross. Lines with greater resistance than in both parents were obtained from each cross, those with greatest resistance being obtained from the cross between the moderately resistant parents. Three lines selected for resistance from the cross of Joss Cambier with Nord Desprez and one from the cross of Cappelle Desprez with Maris Huntsman, together with the parents, were tested in the field with 12 races of P. striiformis. Nord Desprez possessed a previously undetected race-specific component. The selected lines also displayed race-specific resistance, some of which was clearly related to race-specificity of the parents, and a component of resistance, greater than in both parents, that was effective against all 12 races. The possible origin and potential durability of this transgressive level of resistance is discussed. It is suggested that such transgressive resistance is more likely to be durable if it is derived from parents that have shown durable resistance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022758
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    Selection for white kernel color in the progeny of red/white wheat crosses (1984)
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    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 227-232 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; selection ; inbreeding ; maternal inheritance ; kernel color
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Data are presented which support early generation selection for white kernel color in the progeny of red/white kernel wheat crosses which are segregating at 12 or more loci for yield (or any other trait of interest). The optimum generation for selecting white kernels is determined by the frequency of seeds produced with the potential to produce plants having desired quantitative alleles from both parents, and by the frequency of white kernels produced. The F2-produced seed (F3 embryo) is shown to be the optimum generation for selecting white kernels, given that 12 or more loci are segregating for a quantitative character such as yield. When the red parent is a 2 or 3 loci red genotype, selection among F4-produced seed for white kernel color may be desirable when 5 or fewer genes are segregating for the second trait. The results have direct application for all highly heritable, recessive, sporophytic traits.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022770
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    Parental effects on crossability, embryo differentiation and plantlet recovery in wheat x rye hybrids (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 233-239 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; read wheat ; Triticum durum ; durum wheat ; Secale cereale ; rye ; inbred lines ; intergeneric crossability ; embryo differentiation ; plantlet recovery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary One hexaploid wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivem) and two tetraploid wheat lines (T. durum) were crossed with seventeen inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale). Seed set, degree of hybrid embryo differentiation at the time of excision for in vitro culture and recovery of amphihaploid plantlets from various embryo categories were studied. Degree of embryo differentiation was predominantly determined by maternal wheats, paternal rye genotypes appearing to be of minor importance. T. aestivum x rye hybrid embryos were superior to those produced from T. durum for degree of differentiation. The proportion of plantlets developing from differentiated embryos was high for all wheat parents, whereas undifferentiated embryos were mostly unsuitable for plantlet production. The results revealed that cross-incompatibility in hexaploid wheat x rye crosses was due to failure of fertilization, while in tetraploid wheat x rye crosses it was caused by lack of embryo differentiation. Correlation analyses showed that seed set provided a criterion to predict the amphihaploid plantlets to be expected from a particular wheat x rye combination.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022771
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    Transfer of high kernel weight and high protein from wild tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum dicoccoides) to bread wheat (T. aestivum) using homologous and homoeologous recombination (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 249-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Triticum turgidum dicoccoides ; wild emmer ; homologous recombination ; homoeologous recombination ; Ph-mutants ; high protein ; kernel weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Wheat pentaploids were produced by hybridizing a high kernel weight (1000 grain wt=56 g), high protein (25.4%) line of wild tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum dicoccoides) as male parent, with the three hexaploids (T. aestivum) — normal Chinese Spring and its two homoeologous pairing mutants, ph 1b and ph 2. The pentaploids were crossed as female parents to the two commercial hexaploid cultivars Warigal and Barkaee and 42-chromosome stable plants selected from the F1 of the pentaploid x hexaploid crosses. Mean protein content of certain F3 lines from all six pentaploid x hexaploid crosses was significantly higher than Chinese Spring and the respective commercial hexaploid parent (p〈0.005) indicating high protein had been transferred from the tetraploid to the hexaploid level. Kernel weight amongst certain F3 lines of the three pentaploids x Barkaee was significantly (p〈0.0005) higher than either Chinese Spring or Barkaee, indicating the transfer also of high kernel weight from the tetraploid to the hexaploid level. However kernel weight was not significantly increased over Warigal in any F3 lines of its crosses with the three pentaploids. High levels of homoeologous chromosome pairing in the ph-mutant pentaploids, plus evidence for significant modification of the composition of high-molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits of grain protein in certain F3 derivatives of the ph-mutant pentaploid x hexaploid, crosses indicates that the ph-mutant-derived lines may possess novel (intergenome) genetic recombination, at least for high protein, and possibly kernel weight.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022773
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    Stability analysis over seasons and locations of multilines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 489-495 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; multilines ; recurrent parents ; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Three multilines each of Kalyansona and PV 18 varieties of wheat were compared for their stability of yield and agronomic characters and disease resistance against the respective recurrent parents. The experiments were conducted for four years at nine locations. The multilines had more tillers and bolder seeds than the recurrent parents. There were, however, no differences for plant height, ear length and number of spikelets per spike. The genotypes x years x locations interaction was much more important than genotypes x years or genotypes x locations interaction as well as the main effects for genotypes. It is suggested that the number of test locations should be increased while decreasing the number of years. The stability parameters indicated that the multilines had a higher mean yield in the case of Kalyansona multilines whereas the yield of multilines of PV 18 was not significantly inferior to that of the recurrent parent. The regression coefficients were very close to unity except for KSML 3 (b=1.132). The deviations from regression were much larger for the multilines than for the recurrent parents. For rust resistance the multilines were superior over the varieties Kalyansona and PV 18.
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    Development of hard white winter wheats for a hard red winter wheat region (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 865-874 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; breeding ; grain yield ; grain quality ; preharvest sprouting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Hard white winter wheat (HWWW) occupies a very limited area of the USA, but its purported advantages suggest that its production in the major hard red winter wheat (HRWW) region may be feasible. Objectives of our investigations were to develop experimental HWWW lines that combined desirable attributes-grain yield, functional grain quality, and resistance to preharvest sprouting-in single genotypes for comparison with popular cultivars in the major US RHWW region. Forty-four lines from seven parental combinations were tested in randomized complete block designs at three Kansas locations during the 1981–82 and 1982–83 seasons. Agronomic traits, grain yield, grain quality, and preharvest sprouting were measured. Plant characteristics and grain yield were similar in the HWWW experimental lines and the HRWW check cultivar, Newton. Mean grain SDS-sedimentation value and grain protein content of most experimental lines equaled or exceeded that of the check. Dough mixing times frequently were shorter for the experimental lines than for the check cultivar, whereas loaf volumes were greater. Falling number usually was similar in all geneotypes, but α-amylase was higher in field-harvested grain of white lines than the check; both measures were more favorable than grain trade standards. We concluded that production of high yielding, high quality hard white winter wheat genotypes is feasible in the US ‘breakbasket’.
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    Enzymatic analysis of carrageenans: Structure of carrageenan from Eucheuma nudum (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 563-567 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Carrageenan ; Eucheuma ; structure ; enzymatic analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027747
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    Porphyran primary structure (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 572-575 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; porphyran ; agarases ; 13C-NMR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027749
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    Studies on the polysaccharide of Eucheuma III. Effects of alkali metal ions on the solution properties and gel structures of the polysaccharide from Eucheuma gelatinae (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 568-571 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Eucheuma gelatinae ; carrageenan ; viscosity ; electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027748
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    β-Agarases from Pseudomonas atlantica (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 576-579 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; agarases ; Pseudomonas atlantica
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    Topics: Biology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027750
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    Studies on urease extracted from Ulva lactuca (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 580-583 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Ulva ; urease ; inhibition ; hydroxyurea ; hydroxamic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Glutamate dehydrogenase of Porphyra yezoensis (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 584-587 
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    Keywords: seaweed ; algae ; Porphyra ; glutamate dehydrogenase ; NADP-dependent ; enzyme properties
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    Spectroscopic behavior of biliprotein from Porphyra tenera upon denaturation with urea and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 588-593 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; biliprotein ; phycocyanin ; phycoerythrin ; spectroscopy ; denaturation
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    Isolation and characterization of R-phycocyanin from Polysiphonia urceolata (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 594-596 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; R-phycocyanin ; molecular weight ; isoelectric point ; absorption spectra ; fluorescence spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027754
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    High-molecular-weight phloroglucinol-based tannins from brown algae: Structural variants (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 597-602 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Phaeophyceae ; polyphloroglucinols ; physodes ; tannins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Isolation and characterization of the chloroplast DNA of Macrocystis integrifolia (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 603-605 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; chloroplast DNA ; kelp ; restriction endonucleases ; gel electrophoresis ; autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027756
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    Taxonomic criteria in the genus Gracilaria Grev. (Rhodophyta): An experience with the western Atlantic species (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 55-58 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Gracilaria ; geographical distribution ; western Atlantic ; red algae
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027639
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    Some problems in the taxonomy of Chinese species of Gracilaria (Rhodophyta) (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 59-62 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Gracilaria ; taxonomy ; systematics ; marine algae ; morphology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027640
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    Seasonal reproduction and abundance of six sympatric species of Gracilaria Grev. (Gracilariaceae; Rhodophyta) on a Caribbean subtidal sand plain (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 63-71 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Gracilaria ; reproduction ; abundance ; seasonality ; Caribbean marine algae
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027641
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    Cultivation of Gracilaria by means of low rafts (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 72-76 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Gracilaria ; raft cultivation ; growth rate ; planting time ; algal weeds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Managing wild crops of Gracilaria in central Chile (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 77-89 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Gracilaria ; marine plants ; production ecology ; resource management ; marine algae
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027643
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    Strain selection and physiology in the development of Gracilaria mariculture (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 89-94 
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    Keywords: seaweed ; Gracilaria ; photosynthesis ; mariculture ; agar ; carbon limitation
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027644
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    Technical aspects of nori (Porphyra) cultivation and quality preservation of nori products in Japan today (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 95-101 
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    Keywords: seaweed ; Porphyra ; cultivation ; preservation ; pigments ; vitamin C
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027645
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    Antimicrobial and cytotoxic terpenoids from tropical green algae of the family Udoteaceae (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 135-140 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; green algae ; antibiotics ; cytotoxic compounds ; bioactive terpenoids ; Udoteaceae ; Chlorophyta
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027651
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    Hypocholesterolemic effect of seaweeds on rats (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 149-152 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; hypocholesterolemic effect ; Monostroma nitidum ; feeding experiment ; plasma cholesterol ; fractionation ; β-homobetaine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027654
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    Chinese seaweeds in herbal medicine (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 152-154 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; economic marine algae ; herbal medicine
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    GABA-mimetic molecules from Porphyra (Rhodophyta) induce metamorphosis of Hafotis (Gastropods) larvae (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 155-158 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; GABA-mimetic molecules ; red algae ; Porphyra ; metamorphic inducers ; molluscan larvae
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    Antimicrobial activity from marine algae: Results of a large-scale screening programme (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 158-168 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; algae ; antibiotics ; biologically active compounds
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027657
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    Studies on the biologically active compounds of the algae from the Yellow Sea (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 168-171 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; bromophenol ; diterpenes ; Dictyota indica ; dictyotriol A ; dictyotriol B
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    Properties of Gracilaria agars (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 171-174 
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    Keywords: seaweed ; agar ; agarose ; Gracilaria ; porphyran
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027659
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    Biochemical and immunochemical analysis of carrageenans of the Gigartinaceae and Phyllophoraceae (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 175-178 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; carrageenans ; life history phase ; antibodies ; 13C-NMR spectroscopy ; IR spectroscopy ; Gigartinaceae ; Phyllophoraceae
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027660
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    Conformations of κ-carrageenan in solution (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 178-186 
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    Keywords: seaweed ; carrageenan ; optical rotation ; viscosity ; light scattering ; chain conformation ; polysaccharide
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027661
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    Behavior of tritium in the marine environment: Uptake and distribution of tritiated water and of tritiated organic compounds in unicellular and multicellular algae (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 187-189 
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    Keywords: seaweed ; Acetabularia ; Boergesenia ; Laurencia ; Cystoseira ; radioecology ; tritium
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    The apicobasal differentiation of the chloroplast population in Acetabularia: In vivo gradient of DNA synthesis (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 189-193 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Acetabularia ; marine alga ; apicobasal gradient ; chloroplast differentiation ; DNA synthesis
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    The effects of blue and red light on the transcellular electric potential, cytoplasmic streaming and rRNA transport in Acetabularia acetabulum (1984)
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    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 193-197 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Acetabularia ; red and blue light ; rRNA synthesis ; rRNA migration ; transcellular potential
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027664
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  • 96
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    Electronic Resource
    Culture of Acetabularia calyculus from the South China Sea (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 197-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; Acetabularia calyculus ; culture ; cysts ; Dasycladaceae ; gametes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027665
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  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental studies on cultured endolithic conchocelis (Rhodophyta) (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 201-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; conchocelis ; endolith ; Rhodophyta ; culture ; development ; taxonomy ; morphology ; influence of substrate mineralogy ; morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027666
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the morphology of conchocelis of Porphyra katadai var. hemiphylla and related species (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 209-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; conchocelis ; Porphyra ; comparative morphology ; cell types ; chromatophores
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027667
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural studies on the reproductive organs of Porphyra haitanensis T. J. Chang et B. F. Zheng (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; carpospore ; carposporangia ; fertilization canal ; Porphyra ; prototrichogyne ; spermatium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027668
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell wall thickenings in the taxonomy of Chondria and Husseyella (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from southern Australia (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 116-117 (1984), S. 224-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: seaweed ; cell wall thickenings ; Chondria ; Husseyella ; algal taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027670
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