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  • Articles  (30,039)
  • Elsevier  (29,625)
  • Emerald  (414)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • SpringerOpen
  • 1995-1999  (30,039)
  • Mathematics  (28,641)
  • Sociology  (1,398)
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  • Articles  (30,039)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Power, influence and intranet implementation: A safari of South African organizations (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 333-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Intranets hold great promise as "organizational Internets" to allow information sharing and collaboration across departments, functions and different information systems within an organization. Yet not much is known about how to implement intranets. We adapt a taxonomy based on institutional theory and distinguish six broad diffusion drivers that might be considered to sustain the implementation process. An exploratory field study of four intranet implementations was conducted to analyze which drivers were used and the results that were yielded. We draw several conclusions. First, all six drivers were deployed in the analyzed cases. Second, the choice of drivers varied with the level of the intranet (corporate or unit), the implementation stage, and existing organizational practices and contingencies. Third, it seems that the critical drivers are knowledge building, subsidy and mobilization in the early stages of implementation. In the later stages knowledge deployment, subsidy and innovation directives were most commonly used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910301630
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The office tyrant - social control through e-mail (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 27-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: The changing role of technology in the virtual workplace has been accompanied by a proliferation of research activity focusing initially on the technical aspects and, more recently, on the social and political aspects of the diffusion process, including power and politics. This paper builds on the work of Kling and Markus on power and politics in IT, extending it to e-mail and more specifically, to the use of e-mail for petty tyranny. Reviews the literature on petty tyranny and its implications to IT and e-mail. Presents a case study in which e-mail was used by a department chair to manipulate, control, and coerce employees. The discussion links the events in the case with the literature on petty tyranny. In conclusion, demonstrates that e-mail features make it amenable to political abuse and elaborates on the more general, theoretical, practical and ethical implications from this research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910250510
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toward a framework for action research in information systems studies (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 148-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Based on recent reviews regarding its use in information systems (IS) studies, this paper argues that action research is still not well recognized by IS researchers and mainstream IS journals especially in North America. To make the situation worse, existing criteria used to assess the quality of action research studies are found to be inadequate when applied to IS. In order to advance its understanding and use by IS researchers and practitioners, the IS action research framework proposed recently by Lau is refined and presented as a set of guidelines in this paper. The implications of this refined framework on IS research and practice are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910267206
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The moving staircase - Problems of appraisal and evaluation in a turbulent environment (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 238-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: This paper considers the problems of evaluating the benefits of an investment in information technology and systems against a background of institutional change. It is based on a case study in the National Health Service and follows the progress of a project to introduce benefits realisation in NHS Trusts. The case illustrates the importance of personal, hands-on attention to benefits management and calls attention to the different contingencies faced by managers in attempting to introduce evaluation or benefits realisation schemes. It concludes that, where managers face "certain" contingencies, formative evaluation will be beneficial, but where the contingencies are uncertain, structural changes in the organisation may be more effective in achieving benefits. The paper ends with a plea for evaluation activities to be re-integrated into their organisational context.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910278196
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of improvisation for evidence-based practice in clinical settings (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 287-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: This paper describes our experiences from a two-year research study to introduce evidence-based practice (EBP) through a set of electronic information tools into two Canadian health regions. The improvisational model of technological change by Orlikowski and Hofman (1997) is used to provide the conceptual foundations for understanding the pattern of evolution associated with the tools observed in these two settings over time. Key areas to consider when changing practice identified from this study are time availability, intended use, adequate training, clinical champions, work practice fit, system refinement, around-the-clock support and environment influence. Health organizations should also distinguish anticipated, emergent and opportunistic changes and improvise accordingly when introducing EBP information tools in a setting that is characteristically complex, dynamic and unpredictable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910278547
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EC of groceries for elderly and disabled: A comparison of alternative service models (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 389-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Increased demand for organized home help for elderly and disabled people and parallel budget cuts of social care require new efficient solutions to save home-helpers' time and ensure the current quality of provided services. A number of trials for renewing grocery purchasing process as a part of home help for the elderly and disabled have lately been initiated in Finland. In all but one of these trials electronic commerce (EC) services are included in the purchase process. In this article we compare these trials using the time efficiency of home-helpers as a primary criterion. Using electronic order delivery gives even additional benefits, releasing the home-helper from the need to visit the grocery store. The Full EC Model would be the best solution. However, it might not be feasible for most customers, who do not necessarily have the technology or ability to use it. Therefore, the intermediary based EC seems to be most suitable for this customer group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910301649
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Career attainment for women and minorities: the interactive effects of age, gender and race (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 4-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This study examined the career attainment of managerial women and minorities in an internal labor market. The interactive effects of age, gender, and race were examined on the career attainment levels of women, African-Americans, Asian-Americans and Hispanics. A sample of 7,084 US managers was studied; 3,456 women and minority managers were compared to 3,628 white male managers who entered the firm in the same year and in the same department. Consistent with previous research, women and minorities experienced lower career attainment than white males in this sample. Results suggest that minority women do not experience the "double jeopardy" associated with belonging to two classes of protected characteristics; nor the "triple jeopardy" of age, race and gender.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910255447
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Women senior managers and conditional power: the case in Social Services Departments (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 316-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article is drawn from a research project which explored the under-representation of women in the management of social services departments in the late 1980s. The theme explored here is a subset of that particular research. It focuses on the way in which women spoke about their roles, the power associated with them, and about their experiences in occupying them. The author considers the nature of women's experiences of occupying positions which in terms of their hierarchical location would be considered "powerful" and argues that women as senior managers present a challenge both to the occupational status of management and to the structures of power in a patriarchal society. It is argued that these challenges are minimised, not only by excluding women from management roles, but also by denying them the legitimate authority which would be expected to be associated with their role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910301689
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beef producers online: diffusion theory applied (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 71-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Members of an Australian beef producer group have become users of electronic communication as a precursor to fuller engagement in electronic commerce. The research team's immediate aim was to assist this group to become effective users of the Internet. In addition, using interpretive methods of enquiry, aims to provide a basis from which subsequent wider usage of the Internet in the red meat industry could be enabled. Presents data from the project using diffusion theory as a framework, with rich description to allow for further interpretation of the views of all parties. The apparent success of the project suggests it can be used or adapted for other members of the beef industry, having regard for their particular circumstances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910250556
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Issues in the multi-disciplinary assessment of healthcare information systems (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 253-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Considers the problems of a multi-disciplinary team working together to understand and evaluate a healthcare information system, which itself is situated in a complex organisational and political environment. Provides general discussion of problems faced by evaluators of such systems. Describes this specific evaluation project (Electronic Patient Records in the UK National Health Service), gives an account of the evaluation process as it occurred, highlights some of the problems encountered, and discusses attempts to overcome these. Suggests that social, organisational and political factors are inherent in all such research enterprises, and that in order to facilitate a rich understanding of complex systems, these factors must also be considered as part of the research data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910278277
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    "Go out there and go for broke": senior women and promotion in Education Queensland, Australia (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Women find it difficult to achieve promotion into senior administration positions in education systems throughout the Western world. This paper reports on interviews with 23 women who are employed by Education Queensland (Australia). These women, who were all participants in a Women in Management course offered by the Queensland University of Technology, have been successful in being promoted into administrative positions in schools and school support centres. The focus of the paper is on why these women have gone for promotion and the successful strategies that they employed to achieve promotion. These strategies included "putting runs on the board", being persistent, networking, managing in their own way and accessing appropriate professional development. The paper concludes with the warning that the culture of the central bureaucracy, however, is perceived as overwhelmingly male and this acts as a significant barrier to further career progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910261378
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gender on the agenda in management education? (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Business/management schools may be currently using an exclusive approach to the study and development of management; by ignoring gender in this arena they are reinforcing the notion that women in management are invisible. Previous research suggests that there is a masculine bias in management education, which disadvantages both female and male learners and which may discourage managers from capitalising on gender diversity in the workplace. Discusses experiences of women academics and students in a business/management school and is based on the premise that change in management education will facilitate change in organisations. Therefore, rather than reinforcing the premise that management knowledge contributes to the maginalisation of women in management, argues that business/management schools should move to an inclusive approach, where management incorporates the experience and abilities of both men and women. Concludes by suggesting a number of initiatives to place gender on the agenda in business/management schools.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910269901
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ms representations: women, management and popular culture (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 14-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Popular representations of the workplace have tended to construct women as unsuited to management and leadership roles. In their reflective capacity these popular fictional texts illustrate the workplace. In their capacity to construct popular perceptions of "reality", the texts offer an important insight into women's and men's understandings and expectations of their workplace relationships. In this article we reflect on how popular films, plays and television shows can make visible some manifestations of the kinds of resistance women continue to experience in non-traditional domains such as management. While these kinds of texts have not been central to the analysis of workplace relations within the management literature, we argue that as social documents they have much to contribute to an understanding of the limited advancement of women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910255456
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Managerial motivation and gender roles: a study of females and males in Hong Kong (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 44-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Chinese women are often perceived as passive, submissive, lacking aggressiveness and a drive to be successful managers. Using a previously validated culturally modified Miner Sentence Completion Scale-H (for hierarchic), this study compares the motivation to manage a sample of 156 BBA and MBA students in Hong Kong. Results indicate no significant differences between the scores of males and females on the total MSCS-H or its components, including assertiveness and competitiveness. Gender role differences are not supported by differences in managerial motivation of Hong Kong business students.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910261387
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex, roles and justice: a study of gender as a predictor of fairness in decision making (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Previous research has hypothesized that males and females evaluate the level of fairness of a particular decision using different conceptual models of justice. Other research has proposed that one's sex-role orientation, i.e. whether a person has masculine or feminine traits, provides another perspective when judging a decision as being fair or unfair. In this paper we propose to test whether sex-role orientation does indeed tell a different story than simply using biological sex as a predictor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910269893
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Women as managers in family firms (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 76-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Compares the career experiences of women managers who are members of the family that owns the organization and women managers who are not. Results of a survey show "women family managers" enjoy increased status, job security and flexibility. Many are able to take advantage of this flexibility to combine child rearing and career roles. "Non-family women managers" perceive themselves as competitive and independent people, they have better academic qualifications and are less likely to be married and have children. However, both groups are unenthusiastic about their training, mentors and personal contacts and consider that career progress is easier for men. In general, all women managers feel they lack power and opportunities to make progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910269884
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Women in management: the case of MBA graduates (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 136-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The research for this paper focused on the impact which an MBA has on the careers of women in management and compared the career progression of male and female MBA graduates. The research was carried out among graduates who had obtained an MBA from the University of Ulster between 1992 and 1996. The study found that the management careers of men and women did differ significantly in a number of respects and that there were differences between male and female graduates in their perceptions of how the MBA has affected their careers. It also found that women, in particular, experienced barriers to their careers which mediated the effects of obtaining a higher level qualification. The paper discusses how a more "level playing field" might be created and pressures reduced for both men and women in management careers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910274815
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flexibility initiatives: current approaches and effective strategies (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 177-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article describes findings from a series of recent Catalyst studies. Several of these studies investigated the use of flexible work arrangements in business, exploring employee and employer attitudes towards, opinions about, and experiences with, these alternative arrangements. Together, findings from these studies help to delineate current approaches to flexibility initiatives in business, the increasing interest in these arrangements, the key benefits to business from the use of these alternatives, and the continuing barriers to the use of flexible arrangements. They also help to clarify effective strategies and practices for successful flexibility initiatives, along with critical skills needed by supervisors and employees using these arrangements. Detailed examples from two Catalyst Award-winning organizations - The Bank of Montreal and Deloitte & Touche LLP - are included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910371088
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Waiting for outcomes: anchoring a dual agenda for change to cultural assumptions (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 194-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article argues that strategies to promote gender equity in organizations need to focus on assumptions in the organizational culture that underpin work practices and behaviors. An analytic case is used to demonstrate the importance of bringing cultural assumptions to the surface during the organizational change process and examining their implications for both gender equity and organizational effectiveness. Initial efforts aimed at changing work practices were disappointing. However, the understanding that cultural assumptions had unintended consequences for both gender equity and organizational effectiveness provided a foundation for the organization to continue to experiment after the initial intervention. The article argues that linking changes in work practices and processes to underlying assumptions provides a basis for the organization to engage in an on-going and iterative process of inquiry, experimentation, reflection, and learning that can generate surprising and positive outcomes over time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910281989
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Globalization and information technology: vanishing social contracts, the "pink collar" workforce and public policy challenges (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 230-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper critically examines the influence of information technology (IT) on women's career structures. Globalization is forcing an increasing inter-dependence of radically re-engineered labour forces and the further "internal" exploitation of the internationalization of the dual labour market many women have endured. The global trend is towards further fragmenting a shrinking, gender-based set of career opportunities and creating an increasingly marginalized, part-time, "pink collar" labour force, associated with the putative revolution of the tertiary sector transforming out of industrial, manufacturing economies. The implications of the emergence of a "pink collar" labour force largely go unexamined. The much heralded argument that IT will transform "coercive" organizational structures and work practices needs, yet again, to be critically examined in the context of the further destruction of professional opportunities for women in radically re-engineered public sectors, aggressively "micro-economized" labour forces and rapidly dissipating organizational and social contracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910287253
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mary Parker Follett: visionary leadership and strategic management (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 292-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper proposes the use of the model of visionary leadership adapted by this researcher from Westley and Mintzberg's 1989 paper "Visionary leadership and strategic management" to view the work of Mary Parker Follet. The model augments Westley and Mintzberg's model with much earlier work by Mary Parker Follett. Follett's work on leadership, group membership, contribution, participation and co-operation are as relevant to the study of human relations today as they were 70 years ago. The model highlights the elements of visionary leadership and group membership. This model was developed to place a framework on the many writings of Follett. The framework is fully discussed and is based on some of the work of Westley and Mintzberg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910291131
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Making sense of group support systems facilitation: a reflective practice perspective (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 86-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Reports part of a grounded theory study in which 15 facilitators, already experienced in conventional meetings, were trained to become facilitators of face-to-face electronic meetings. Presents a model - "Active reflection" - of the reflective practice processes used by the trainee facilitators. Active reflection is a term which describes the trainees' accounts of the two complementary action reflection processes: reflection on action (thinking back on what was done) and reflection in action (thinking about the action while one is doing it). Identifies a number of implications for group support systems facilitation training and practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910250565
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  • 23
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    Electronic Resource
    More on myth, magic and metaphor: Cultural insights into the management of information technology in organizations (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 192-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Much research on information technology (IT) emphasizes the rational aspects of IT use. However, cultural analyses have considered IT as a symbolic artifact open to social interpretation. This article presents findings from ethnographic studies of two large insurance organizations to illustrate how cultural assumptions about IT are implicated in IT management. We employ the metaphor of magic as an interpretive lens to generate five archetypes of IT culture: the revered, controlled, demystified, integrated, and fearful IT cultures. Each of these archetypal cultural patterns reflects different assumptions about the "magic" of IT and the "wizards" who control its powers. These patterns are similar to social responses to the unknown that have been found in human cultures for hundreds of years. The metaphor itself was drawn from the language of the two organizations. All five archetypes were manifest in both of the companies studied, suggesting that organizations do not necessarily develop unified symbolic meanings of IT. Although separately each archetype invites novel insights into the management of IT in organizations, together they reveal even deeper interpretations consistent with contemporary theories of cultural differentiation and fragmentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910267251
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  • 24
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    Trying to improve communication and collaboration with information technology: An action research project which failed (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 317-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Discusses the use of information technology to facilitate communication and collaboration. In this action research project a groupware product called Lotus NotesTM was implemented to facilitate communication and collaboration amongst the senior management team. Although there was a real need for change, and the project received strong support from senior management on the basis that it would enable radical changes in coordination within the workgroup, these radical changes did not occur. The authors analyse the reasons for failure, and suggest that the project failed because of institutional forces which inhibited dramatic changes in work habits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910301621
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  • 25
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    Themes in early requirements gathering: The case of the analyst, the client and the student assistance scheme (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 44-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Discusses the qualitative analysis of a case study of analyst-client communications using grounded theory and themed analyses. Describes in detail the interaction that took place between an analyst and a client in a public sector agency in Tasmania, Australia. Uses a theatrical metaphor to give a representation that encompasses chronological and contextual aspects, providing an immediacy that enables the reader to appreciate how the interaction developed over time. Using concepts derived from the use of grounded theory techniques, demonstrates how these concepts and themes operated in this particular case. Concludes with a general discussion of themes and contextual influences as they occur in the case of the student assistance scheme and other cases studied by the author.
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    Social control in information systems development (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 130-150 
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    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Examines sources of control over information system development decisions. Although past research has examined sources of internal organizational control that were solely determined by technical/rational goals, this article analyzes the symbolic role of social institutions in exerting control over system development decisions. Three regulatory mechanisms, developed by institutional theorists, are used to explain how specific social institutions exert their control. The mechanisms of coercive isomorphism, mimetic isomorphism and normative isomorphism help illustrate the types of social forces that enhance similarity of systems across organizations. Three conditions also are identified which moderate these effects: dependence on external institutions having control over an organization's resources; unclear performance standards for system development; and interaction patterns during development. These conditions imply that social control would differ greatly according to whether the major influences on the process of system development arise from within the organization or are imposed from external institutions. The examination of symbolic/institutional forces in system development is useful in both the evaluation of system effectiveness and the assessment of the "appropriateness" of managerial interventions in the process. Future research should empirically examine these manifestations of social control and their influence on system development decisions.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910267189
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    The move towards a different career pattern: are women better prepared than men for a modern career? (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 21-28 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper challenges the common understanding of the word "career" in relation to the differences in male and female employment and seeks to show that women normally follow a career pattern which has characteristics of flexibility, change, transferable skills, part-time and temporary working. Some career patterns and theories are challenged in the light of more recent understandings of psychological perspectives and these theories are tested against current thinking on employment needs in the 1990s. The paper concludes that typical female employment patterns are what is required in today's economic climate and so women are more adaptable to the changes required. However, the down side of typical female careers is recognised as being an issue for discussion on employment values and rewards within society.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910255465
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    Women in leisure management: a survey of gender equity (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 121-127 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Previous research has highlighted women's unequal status in relation to management within a range of service sector industries. Leisure services, however, has remained an under-researched sector in spite of its growing significance to the economy and its increasing importance as an employer of women. This paper reports selected results from recent research examining gender equity in leisure management. The research, examined gender equity in leisure management and within the professional institute itself. The results demonstrate that women experience both structural and cultural constraints in attempting to secure management careers in leisure but that they remain optimistic about the future. Analysis of the results indicates that this optimism may be misplaced in an industry where women are encouraged to accept large amounts of senior management responsibility for middle management salaries, where routes to promotion remain unclear, and where organisational culture is informed by the dominant "locker room culture" of male sport.
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    Incorporating feminist theories into sociological theories of entrepreneurship (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 54-62 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Feminist critiques can provide new insights into organizational theories by examining the historical context in which these theories emerged, the research methods in which the theories are grounded, and the assumptions underlying the theories themselves. This paper applies a feminist critique to sociological theories of entrepreneurship. First, the sociological theories are described, focusing on the effects of political factors, state policies, culture, spatial location, and professionalization on entrepreneurship. This is followed by an analysis of these sociological theories investigating the values embedded in these theories and demonstrating how they can take gender relations into consideration. Finally, several directions for future research are discussed along with the potential feminist theories which have to produce change at the societal level.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910261396
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    Negotiating in China: some issues for Western women (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 115-120 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article addresses some issues for Western women in negotiating with individuals and organisations in China. To be successful in a Chinese negotiation requires an awareness and understanding of cultural differences, and negotiation characteristics and behaviour to avoid any misunderstanding or tension. Research results show that there are no major hurdles for Western women negotiators in China. There are, in fact, advantages if they follow a few guidelines. These include having a professional and businesslike approach and understanding the cultural characteristics of a Chinese negotiation. The advantages include being easily noticed, remembered and receiving concessions more readily than Western men. As a result, the negotiation receives more attention and consideration, thus facilitating the achievement of the negotiation goals.
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    The women in blue (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 128-135 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This article reports a study conducted in Pakistan with the assistance of the police service there on the reasons why women police officers enter this profession, given that policing in Pakistan is traditionally hostile towards women, and the tactics they employ in order to gain promotion. It outlines the difficulties in attempting to conduct research on this topic as baseline data did not exist, prior to this study, on women in the police in Pakistan. In general, the reasons given by the interviewees who took part in the study for taking up a career in the police service, were to ensure personal security and to help other women. The article discusses the problems posed for policewomen's career progression, which includes glass walls and glass ceilings, the need for women's policing to be segregated from that for men, the lack of experiential training and numbers. It concludes by proposing some modest steps which could be taken to improve opportunities and progression for policewomen in Pakistan.
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    Designing organizational solutions to integrate work and life (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 164-177 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In September 1996, Fleet Financial Group and the Radcliffe Public Policy Institute undertook a one-year pilot project addressing a "dual agenda" - reexamining work processes to achieve positive business outcomes while also helping employees better integrate work responsibilities with life outside of work. The chosen sites for the experiments were a retail/small business banking unit and a portfolio management unit. Radcliffe-Fleet Project researchers employed two key methods: dual context and action research. Using this methodology, interventions and measures of success of the interventions were developed collaboratively with management and employees. Even in these competitive, deadline-driven work environments, quantitative measures and qualitative assessments at each site showed a positive relationship between business outcomes and quality of life outcomes. The researchers develop guidelines for companies interested in replication of this project. Several principles are also identified for sustaining the success of effective work-life integration interventions and institutionalizing the "dual agenda" in the workplace.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910281934
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    Organisational change mediated by e-mail and Intranet: An ethnographic study (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 9-26 
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    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Reports preliminary results from an ethnographic study of a consultative process in an Australian university during 1997. By providing a "virtual discussion forum" an organisational support system (OSS), based on e-mail and Intranet, was expected to enable equal participation in the consultative process, freedom of expression ("everybody will have their say and will be heard") and to contribute to more participative and consensus-based decision making. The analysis of data collected (messages, documents, interviews, notes) suggests that the OSS was not used uniformly across the institution by departments, groups and individuals. Different modes of use of the OSS identified related to contextual features, such as democratic versus authoritarian management traditions, the sharing of power versus authority of power, the culture of consultation versus obedience to superiors. It was found that these contextual features conditioned the modes of use and consequently the role OSS played in the process. On the other hand, it was observed how, in the course of the process, the OSS affected these contextual factors themselves.
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    The fiction of methodological development: a field study of information systems development (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 176-191 
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    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: This paper describes the findings of a field study that explores the process of information systems (IS) development in a large organization. The paper argues that traditional IS development methodologies are treated primarily as a necessary fiction to present an image of control or to provide a symbolic status, and are too mechanistic to be of much use in the detailed, day-to-day organization of systems developers' activities. By drawing on the insights gained from this study, the paper outlines some implications for IS development methodologies. A secondary purpose of the paper is to illustrate the use of an "ecological" research approach to IS development as advocated by Shneiderman and Carroll.
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    Need to know; allowed to know - The health care professional and electronic confidentiality (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 276-286 
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    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: This paper deals with a problem relevant to the development and use of the Electronic Patient Record, and in particular looks forward to the time when such records are shared between large numbers of health carers. It asks questions concerning decision-making about how much of the health care record an individual Health Care Practitioner of any stated specialism (notionally in the British National Health Service, but generally applicable) should be able to see of the record, in relation to his or her perceived need. The authors conclude that a Health Care Practitioner meeting the criteria for a Health Care Professional should largely determine the information he or she needs to allow the practice of good health care ("need-to-know"). On the other hand those whose work does not accord them Health Care Professional status should, where appropriate, be granted access to data by the Health Care Professionals for whom they work ("allowed-to-know"). Finally, it presents and briefly describes an object-oriented model to illustrate the authors' conclusions.
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    On the social implications of organizational reengineering: A phenomenological study of individual experiences of BPR processes (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 12 (1999), S. 359-389 
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    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: This work employs a phenomenological approach to investigate how people experience the radical transformation of their work lives caused by reengineering (BPR) processes. The common essences of the experiences of three co-researchers are synthesized into a composite textural-structural description of the reengineering phenomenon. The analysis of the rich, multidimensional information offered by participants reveals that reengineering projects elicit complex experiences involving a multitude of horizons. In particular, the analysis suggests that, by taking the discourse of efficiency to extremes, reeengineering ends up by unveiling the conflicts inherent in the arrangements that generally characterize workplace. This proposition goes beyond the traditional belief that the basic reason for resistance in BPR projects is the fear of layoffs or the modification of power arrangements. Indeed, such factors seem to be part of the problem. It is also necessary to understand the important role of the crisis that reeengineering may generate in individuals' ongoing process of sense making.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593849910301612
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    Are families a career liability? (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 159-163 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This study examined the effects of marital and parental status on a number of work and psychological well-being measures. Data were collected from 792 women graduates of a single Canadian school of business. Respondents tended to be in the early career stage. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated more effects of parental than marital status on these outcomes. In addition, the pattern of findings almost always showed that being married or having children had negative career consequences for these professional and managerial women.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910281925
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    Equal opportunities policies - making a difference (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 212-219 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: To what degree an organization both embraces the ethos of equal opportunities and backs it up with an investment in sound policies may be expected to have an impact on both the progress of women in management and their experience in the workplace in that organization. This paper compares how women managers fare in two organizations, one with a developed equal opportunities policy and one that has none. It also considers the limits of applying the business case concept of equal opportunities and the problems of a diversity approach and it explores the ways women themselves articulate gender issues according to the discourses they have available to them. It concludes that, while restrictive in its implementation, women managers are more able to articulate their needs and fare better in an organization with an equal opportunities policy than in one without.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910287235
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    Senior female international managers: breaking the glass border (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 264-272 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: The experience of women in international management - especially within a European context - has received little attention in the international human resource management literature. In particular, there is a dearth of empirical research which details the role and career moves of the senior female international manager. The particular focus of this paper is on the senior female international managerial career move in Europe. A total of 50 senior female expatriate managers were interviewed, representing a wide range of industry and service sectors. The article highlights a number of covert and overt barriers which the interviewees believed limit women's international career opportunities. The findings indicate that it is timely for organisations to face and address the difficulties female managers encounter in their progression to senior managerial positions in order to ensure that future opportunities for progression to senior management is equal to that of their male counterparts.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910291113
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    The work/family interface at Royal Bank Financial Group: successful solutions - a retrospective look at lessons learned (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 186-194 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This retrospective analysis of the development of work-family-life and flexibility initiatives at Royal Bank Financial Group (RBFG) examines the factors that lead to success. Using internal and external research, quantitative and qualitative measures and benchmarking, RBFG has continued to build upon its original business case, dispelled myths and obtained buy-in from stakeholders. Employees and managers have consistently reported positive results from work-family-life initiatives such as dependent care programs, flexible work arrangements and manager tools, training and supports. A chronological profile of the initiatives and highlights from several studies, including RBFG's two Impact Assessments on Flexible Work Arrangements, are presented within a historical context.
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    Occupational stress in women general practitioners and practice managers (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 220-230 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Examines the sources of stress associated with high levels of job dissatisfaction and mental health among practice managers and women general practitioners, and compares the job satisfaction, mental health and job stress among practice managers and women general practitioners. Women general practitioners (n = 75) and practice managers (n = 51) completed anonymous questionnaires. Lack of communication and co-operation between colleagues and staff were the main sources of dissatisfaction and lack of mental wellbeing for both groups. In addition, wishful thinking coping factor was predictive of job dissatisfaction and mental ill-health. There was no significant difference between practice managers and women general practitioners on the mental health scale. Women general practitioners experienced less job satisfaction with regard to the amount of work, and hours of work than the practice managers. There may be substantial benefit in initiating a support network system for these professionals.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649429910287244
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    Workplace diversity management in a multicultural society (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 307-315 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: This paper reports on an exploratory study into the extent of diversity management initiatives in organizations in one Canadian city. Diversity management originated in the USA where it is reportedly being embraced by many organizations and where it has become the basis of a large consulting business. Although a diverse workforce and workplace diversity management are often argued to be critical to organizational competitiveness, little is known about how Canadian organizations are reacting.
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    Women in construction: a comparative investigation into the expectations and experiences of female and male construction undergraduates and employees (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 273-292 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: nvestigates whether career expectations of women in construction change once they begin working in the industry, in comparison to men. Focus group interviews and a literature review formed the basis for developing a survey questionnaire. The results revealed that professional women had higher expectations and were more committed to remaining in the construction industry than female students. Female students had significantly higher financial expectations than male students, while male students had significantly higher expectations in relation to the number of people they expect to supervise. Professional men were responsible for supervising significantly more people than professional women. The findings also suggest that there are fewer women in the construction industry over the age of 36 years, in comparison to men. It is recommended that this area of research should be developed further.
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    Sex equality in the financial services sector in Turkey and the UK (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Women in management review 14 (1999), S. 325-333 
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    ISSN: 0964-9425
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: In the UK and other western countries the financial services sector is seen as offering women better career prospects than most other sectors. Unprecedented numbers of well-qualified young women are now achieving promotion to first-line and middle management positions. Companies are represented as progressive employers, committed to promoting equal opportunities. However, a cross-cultural study of three Turkish and six UK banks and high street financial organisations explores how organisational ideologies and cultures operate to perpetuate inequality, based on managers' gendered conceptions of "the ideal worker". Favoured staff were identified, sponsored, promoted and rewarded, often based on their personal affinity with senior managers rather than objective criteria. This distinction between favour and exclusion operates not only along the traditional lines of gender, class, age, sexual orientation, religion and physical ability, but also along the new dimensions of marriage, networking, safety, mobility and space. Despite local and cross-cultural differences in the significance of these factors, the cumulative disadvantage suffered by women managers and supervisors in both countries was remarkably similar.
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    Finite element analysis of the dynamics of a high bandwidth actuator for a hard disk drive (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 120-131 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper a prototype actuator designed for a high bandwidth servo system is modeled and analyzed using finite elements. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of frequencies below 10kHz are extracted using frequency analysis and compared with the results from an experimental model analysis. The effects of key parameters used in the analysis on the natural frequencies are investigated. The frequency response is calculated using the natural frequencies and mode shapes. The calculated frequency response is compared with experimental results. The comparison of results shows that the numerical results are accurate. From the analysis the mechanical dynamics of the actuator can be understood and characterized. The analysis of the actuator shows that dynamic analysis using finite element modeling is accurate and effective and can be applied to other mechatronic systems.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910264172
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    A quasi-variational inequality for the simulation of a MODFET transistor (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 175-186 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: We introduce the drift-diffusion model with appropriate jump conditions at the junction of the MODFET transistor (AlGaAs/GaAs). We propose a quasi-variational inequality (QVI) model for this device. We assume that the electron density is bounded and piecewise constant. These hypotheses imply that the Poisson's equation becomes linear with respect to the electrostatic potential. The QVI model keeps a coupling with the continuity equation. Free boundaries arise in the medium AlGaAs near the Schottky-gate contact and in the high mobility medium (GaAs) under the effect of the electron affinity discontinuity at the junction. Numerical results of the QVI model show their location versus the applied gate voltage V/up〉 and the molar fraction X of the AlXGa(1-X)As medium. The inequality seems to be a reasonable simplification of the non-linear Poisson's equation.
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    Noninvasive cardiac source imaging from potential and magnetic field data (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 236-249 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Ventricular surface activation time maps are estimated from simulated and measured body surface potential (BSP) maps and extra-corporal magnetic field maps. In a first step the transfer matrix, relating the primary cardiac sources to the measured potential and/or magnetic field data, is calculated applying the boundary element method. Activation times are determined by minimizing a cost function which is based on this transfer matrix. This optimization method is solved by a quasi Newton method. The critical point theorem is used in order to estimate the starting column matrix.
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    STEP standard's evaluation for modeling in electromagnetism (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 311-323 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The new set of standards ISO 10303 "STEP" makes it possible to give a complete representation of a product, using the description language EXPRESS. A part of STEP is devoted to the finite element analysis. This paper presents a brief overview of the architecture and the methodology of STEP and EXPRESS, with special attention to the part concerning the finite element analysis. The possibility to use it in modelling electromagnetic phenomena will be discussed. An example showing the description of a typical problem in electromagnetism will be implemented using EXPRESS.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274883
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    B-H characteristic extraction using devices with non-uniform field (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 469-482 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The paper describes an efficient method to extract the B-H nonlinear characteristic from the experimental flux-current F-I data obtained using a non-uniform magnetic field device. Both functions are monotonically piecewise linear approximated with the same number of breakpoints. The method was successfully applied to characterize the ribbon core material of a fluxset magnetic field sector. In this case the hysteresis loop and the lumped magnetic circuit were extracted. Comparison with experimental results validates the proposed method.
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    Implementation of a hybrid method for eddy current problems (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 398-409 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper, a hybrid formulation for solving time harmonic eddy current problems in terms of magnetic field h is considered. In particular, we discuss some properties of the implicit boundary condition on the discrete level and the computation of the integral operator exploited in this context. An iterative technique is confirmed to be efficient in solving the arising, partly dense, complex linear system of equations. Furthermore, some test results, including timings for linear solvers are presented.
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    Numerical calibration of fluxset probe for quantitative eddy current testing (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 436-444 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Fluxset type eddy current probes are used for detecting discontinuities in conducting materials. The measurements obtained by such probes can be used for the reconstruction of the parameters of the detected discontinuity if the output signal of the measurement is uniquely related to the measured field. In this paper a calibration method is presented for the establishment of the relation between the measured magnetic field and the output signal of the probe. The relation is obtained by the optimisation of the parameters of the mapping between the calculated magnetic field distribution and the measured output signal. The magnetic field distribution due to the interaction of the probe and an infinitesimally thin crack located in a conducting plate is calculated numerically by the solution of a boundary integral equation.
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    Anisotropic vector Preisach model and magnetic field solutions (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 458-468 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The implementation of a vector Preisach model for the modelling of anisotropic hysteretic soft magnetic materials is outlined. Some comparisons with measurements on alternate and rotational magnetic field excitations are shown. The hysteresis model is inserted inside a two-dimensional finite element solver formulated in terms of magnetic vector potential and nonlinear solution is handled by means of the fixed point method with H-scheme. Results obtained on a two-dimensional geometry are described and discussed.
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    Estimation of 3-D eddy currents in conducting laminations by an anisotropic conductivity and a 1-D analytical model (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 494-503 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: To circumvent the high computational costs of modelling each lamination to compute the eddy current distribution in three dimensions in conducting laminations, a simple method has been developed. The laminar nature of the eddy currents due to the magnetic leakage field has been considered by applying an anisotropic conductivity with zero or very low value in the direction normal to the laminations. This yields an overall field distribution serving as basis. In a second step, the much smaller eddy current loops caused by the main magnetic flux parallel to the laminations have been taken into consideration by a one-dimensional analytical model. Nonlinearity is neglected.
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    Numerical modelling of electrodynamic loudspeakers (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 504-514 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: A new method for the numerical computation of the dynamic behaviour of electro-dynamic loudspeakers is presented. The numerical scheme, based on the finite element method (FEM), allows the simulation of coupled magnetic, mechanical and acoustic fields. The obtained simulation results are in good agreement with measured data.
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    Identification of 1-D magnetic field profiles in high current plasmas (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 275-284 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The identification of magnetic field profiles is crucial in many applications where a direct measurement is difficult. We discuss here a technique, based on the injection of charged particles in the region under examination, which promises to be an innovative and effective tool in the analysis of 1-D field profiles in high current plasma discharges. After the decription of the inverse problem related to the field construction, we consider a suitable discrete identification scheme, and analyze some properties of the latter. The field map in the interest region is reconstructed via a minimization procedure, which identifies the coefficient of a well-suited expansion for the field. In particular, we discuss the precision and robustness of the identification procedure, with respect to the chosen optimization scheme, the amount of data, the order in the field expansion, and the influence of noise on the data.
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    Comparison of quasi minimal residual and bi-conjugate gradient iterative methods to solve complex symmetric systems arising from time-harmonic magnetic simulations (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 298-310 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Finite element discretizations of low-frequency, time-harmonic magnetic problems lead to sparse, complex symmetric systems of linear equations. The question arises which Krylov subspace methods are appropriate to solve such systems. The quasi minimal residual method combines a constant amount of work and storage per iteration step with a smooth convergence history. These advantages are obtained by building a quasi minimal residual approach on top of a Lanczos process to construct the search space. Solving the complex systems by transforming them to equivalent real ones of double dimension has to be avoided as such real systems have spectra that are less favourable for the convergence of Krylov-based methods. Numerical experiments are performed on electromagnetic engineering problems to compare the quasi minimal residual method to the bi-conjugate gradient method and the generalized minimal residual method.
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    Fast analytical model of induction motor for approaching rotor eccentricity (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 570-586 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Deals with the problem of the electromagnetic torque calculation in the case of either nonuniformity of the air-gap or eccentricity of the rotor. The electromagnetic field distributions have been evaluated for drag-cup motors. An analytical model has been introduced for linear motor based on the variation method for magnetic flux density magnitudes. The total torque and its components have been evaluated for the motors chosen. The decrease of the electromagnetic torque and increase of eddy-current losses have been discussed due to either rotor circular asymmetry or its eccentricity.
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    Bispectrum estimation using AR-modelling (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 43-60 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we present a new autoregressive (AR) method for bispectrum estimation defined in terms of its third-moment sequence. The method is based on the segmentation of data into coupled records, and can be considered to be a modification of the "third order recursion method"(TOR). Its foundation resides in considering the data of the process at the left and the right of each record (needed for the calculation of third moment sequence) as not null and taking them as the data corresponding to the preceding and succeeding record respectively. Several simulated examples show that this method allows model parameters to be obtained with greater precision, most of all when only few data are available per record. The influence of factors such as number of data and records, model order, and added white and coloured Gaussian noise on the parameters' estimation is also considered.
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    The role of the potentials in electromagnetism (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 103-119 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: There are two conflicting views about electromagnetic phenomena. The first is based on the action between stationary and moving particles of electric charge and the second on energy distributions in electric and magnetic fields. The difference between these approaches is seen most clearly in the roles assigned to the potentials. According to the particle view the potentials convey the force from one particle to another, whereas in the field approach the potentials are system parameters related to the field energy. The article compares the two views and concludes that the particle view faces impossible difficulties because it ascribes local significance to quantities which are unobservable and conflicts with the quantum-mechanical understanding of charge as a statistical distribution.
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    Application of modified FBT algorithm in induction motor series optimal design (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 165-174 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Some improvements are made for Fast Boundary Tracking algorithm according to the practice of the electric machine design in the paper. As discrete variables play a dominant role in determining the values of the objective function and the constraint functions in the motor optimal design, the algorithm is improved in the paper. From the algorithm, a software is developed and used for the optimal design of the induction motors of Y series. The results show that the algorithm is reliable and efficient.
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    Selected ideas of the theory of non-linear electrical circuits (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 204-214 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper an outline of the development of methods for the analysis of non-linear circuits is presented. Non-inert and inert elements have been discerned and an inertia measure has been proposed. For this purpose, an exponential function with time constant T equal to TR, TL, or TC is formulated for an element of type R, L, or C, respectively. In circuits with the imposed cause, which varies sinusoidally in time with period Te, the following situations are distinguished and considered: Te » T; Te « T; and Te ˜ T. In the first case, the effect changes in time according to the non-linear characteristic of the element. In the second case, the respective circuit is referred to as the "quasi-linear", because for the sinusoidal cause the effect is also sinusoidal. In the third case, the hysteresis occurs and the effect is a two-valued function. The hysteresis effect occurs also in resistive elements.
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    An energy-transport model for semiconductor heterostructure devices: application to AlGaAs/GaAs MODFETs (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 61-76 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: A stationary 3D energy-transport model valid for semiconductor heterostructure devices is derived from a semiclassical Boltznmann equation by the moment method. In addition to the well-known conservation equations, we obtain original interface conditions, which are essential to have a mathematically well-posed problem. An appropriate modelling of the physical parameters appearing in the system of equations is proposed for gallium arsenide. The model being written and its particularities mentioned, we present a novel numerical algorithm to solve it. The discretization of the equations is achieved by means of standard and mixed finite element methods. We apply the model and numerical algorithm to simulate a 2D AlGaAs/GaAs MODFET. Comparisons between expenrimental measurements and calculations are carried out. The influence of the modelling of the physical parameters, especially the electron mobility and the energy relaxation time, is noted. The results show the satisfactory behaviour of our model and numerical algorithm when applied to GaAs heterostructure devices.
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    Numerical investigation of a gas dynamic model for charge transport in semiconductors (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 6-37 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: A mathematical gas dynamic model for semiconductor devices is numerically analysed. The well-known ballistic diode problem is taken as an example.
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    Remark on Maxwell's divergence equations (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 77-83 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The divergence equations in Maxwell's theory are Gauss law and the statement that magnetic monopoles do not exist; from this point of view these two equations are fundamental. However, from a practical point of view, it is generally believed that Maxwell's divergence equations are redundant and may be ignored provided that they are satisfied at some time t-0. It has been proved recently that this idea is not correct for boundary-initial value problems. To make mathematical arguments more accessible, we analyse here the role of the divergence equations in the framework of 2D-electromagnetism.
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    Estimating unique solutions of DC transistor circuits (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 132-142 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: For each natural n let Fn denote the collection of mappings of Rn onto itself defined by: F ?Fn if and only if there exist n strictly monotone increasing functions fk mapping R onto itself such that for each x =[x1, ..., xn]T ? Rn, F(x) = [f1(x1), ..., fn(xn)]T. The following new property of the class P0 of matices is proved: a real n × n matrix A belongs to P0 if and only if for every G, H ? Fn the set S0 = { x ? Rn : - G(x) =Ax = - H(x) } is bounded. As an illustration of this property a method of estimating the unique solution of the nonlinear equation F(x) + A(x) =b describing the large class of DC transistor circuits is developed. This can improve the efficiency of known computation algorithms. Numerical examples of transistor circuits illustrate in detail how the method works in practice.
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    Modelling and computer simulation study of laser-plasma interaction in semiconductor (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 187-203 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Computer simulations were done extensively in order to study non-linear dynamics of laser-plasma interaction in InSb semiconductor. We constructed the modified Duffing kind of non-linear semiconductor plasma oscillator equation. Collision frequency is found to be dominant parameter to influence the bifurcation, chaos, hysteresis and bistable effects of plasma wave. Small windows of higher period cascade above the critical value of laser parameter (a1a2) in the chaos region are observed. Laser-plasma exhibits too much chaotic regime at lower value of laser driving frequency (d). Hysteresis and bistable regions of plasma wave are presented and the conditions for their occurence are identified. The unstable regions completely merge at higher value of effective collision frequency (?).
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    BEM-computation of antenna near field reactions on conducting materials using curvilinear edge elements (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 348-360 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: A boundary element method in terms of the field variables is applied to three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems. Especially, the influence of a dipole excited field on low conducting materials situated very close to the antenna will be discussed. We use higher order edge elements of quadilateral shape for the field approximation on curved surfaces. The tangential components of the unknown field variables are interpolated by vector element functions. The Galerkin method is implemented to obtain a set of linear equations. The applicability of the proposed edge element is investigated by the comparison of different BEM-formulations and FEM-results.
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    Capacitive effect models for a magnetic field sensor (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 515-527 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The paper presents an efficient modeling technique for the fluxset magnetic field sensor. Using separate numerical solutions for the electric and magnetic fields, an equivalent SPICE circuit is extracted in the postprocessing phase. The main contribution of the paper is the technique used to model the distributed capacitive effects in insulation between coils, by concentrating them in an "Extended II scheme", an infinite circuit which is optimally reduced to a finite one. The results are in qualitative agreement with the experimental ones.
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    Dynamic operation of an electromagnetic actuator taking nonlinearity and eddy currents into account (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 611-622 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The paper deals with a coupled field-circuit simulation of transient and dynamic states in a non-linear axisymmetrical electromagnetic device. The mathematical model of the dynamic phenomena includes: an equation of transient electromagnetic field in a non-linear conducting and moving medium, equations of the converter electric circuits and the equation of mechanical motion. The numerical implementation of the algorithm is based on the finite element method. The Crank-Nicholson scheme for time discretization has been applied. In order to include nonlinearity, the Newton-Raphson process has been adopted. The influence of the saturation effect on the dynamic characteristics of the device has been investigated.
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    An approach via the central limit theorem to randomization of Fourier's transform (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 38-42 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: By using the central limit theorem, it is possible to consider the Fourier's transform of a stochastic process with independent increments as a Gaussian random variable of which the mathematical expectation and the variance are respectively integrals of the mean and the variance of this process. One can then use this result to analyze the statistical properties of linear feedback systems in the frequency domain, that is to say in terms of transfer functions. The advantage of this approach is that one can deal with linear systems subject to squared white noises, in a very simple manner.
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    Reduced-order method for dielectric resonators using FEM and CFH (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 84-94 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: This paper describes an efficient reduced-order method for the analysis of cylindrical dielectric resonators with an inhomogeneous dielectric medium. The field equations are formulated using the Laplace-domain finite element method and are reduced to lower-order models using the complex frequency hopping (CFH) technique. CFH is a moment matching technique which has been used successfully in the circuit simulation area for the solution of a large set of ordinary differential equations. The proposed technique is faster than the conventional approach by one to three orders of magnitude. The results are compared with those of other numerical methods available in the literature.
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    Quasi-variational inequality and shape optimization for solution of a free boundary problem (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 143-164 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Electrical potentials in a junction field transistor can be calculated using a simplified model based on a complete depletion assumption. This gives rise to a free boundary problem. We show here how we can approximate this problem with a quasi-variational inequality technique and the shape optimization method. A detailed analysis of these methods is presented. Using some numerical experiments we compare our results with the solution of the discrete drift-diffusion system, accomplished with a Gummel-like algorithm. The numerical results suggest that the methods proposed here work successfully and that the shape optimization technique provides a reasonably free boundary without excessive iterations.
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    Highly non-linear field diffusion in HTC superconducting tapes (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 215-224 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The paper presents an extension to previous work on modelling AC losses in high-temperature superconducting tapes as a highly non-linear diffusion process. Following successful formulation for a bulk superconductor the presence of silver in a tape has now been included, using a "sandwich" model, to represent more realistically the practical arrangement. The results of the extended 1-D model are included and a new 2-D scheme is described using finite difference formulation. Effects of non-linearity are emphasised.
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    Computation of magnetostatic field using second order edge elements in 3D (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 361-371 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Several second order edge elements have been applied to solving magnetostatic problems. The performances of these elements are compared through an example of magnetic circuit. In order to ensure the compatibility of the system equations and hence the convergence, the current density is represented by the curl of a source field. This avoids an explicit gauge condition which is cumbersome in the case of high order elements.
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    Non destructive evaluation in the time domain (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 422-435 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper a method is presented for an efficient solution of the direct problem (find the scattered field for a given thin crack and driving field) in the time domain. This is a fundamental step in any non destructive evaluation problem. Two different approaches, one in the time domain and the other based on Fourier analysis, are used and compared with reference to a configuration for which some experimental results are available. The advantages and drawbacks of the two approaches are briefly discussed.
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    The optimisation of electromagnetic devices using niching genetic algorithms (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 285-297 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The use of niching genetic algorithms can provide a method of a more widespread search of the design space for a device than more conventional methods. It provides, in effect, a breadth first rather than a depth first search. Thus several alternative designs may be evaluated in parallel.
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    Some considerations about the perfectly matched layer for static fields (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 337-347 
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    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: This paper discusses the perfectly matched layer method recently proposed for the computation of static or quasistatic fields in open boundaries. In particular it is shown how the method can be derived by means of a particular co-ordinate transformation applied to a finite-size isotropic domain surrounding the system of interest. The method is therefore equivalent to a trivial truncation from the point of view of both accuracy and computing time.
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    Contribution to the finite element analysis of eddy-currents in multi-conductor windings surrounded by magnetically non-linear media (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 668-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In the finite element analysis of electrical machines the multi-conductor winding in a stator slot is usually modeled simply by a single conductor with constant current density. The size of a finite element problem due to the precise modeling of eddy currents in the multi-conductor windings can be much larger compared to the single conductor model. The paper investigates a new FEM approach for the consideration of eddy-currents in multi-conductor windings surrounded by nonlinear media, a case typical in electrical machinery. The method, called elimination of inner nodes, is evaluated in the paper as a possible solution for multi conductor eddy current problems. The paper presents examples and concludes in what circumstances the method of elimination is efficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296771
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  • 79
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    Voltage ranking using artificial neural network (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 587-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Voltage ranking attempts to rank busbar voltage deviations from their normally accepted security margins based on a set of performance indices (PI), without performing a full load flow. Existing methods suffer from either masking effects or long computation time. In this paper, an artificial neural network method is proposed for voltage ranking. Counterpropagation network (CPN) has been employed to overcome the problems listed above. A variety of input features are used with the aim of lowering the dimension of the proposed ANN to make it applicable for large power systems. The method is tested on two example systems, a five-bus system and a 71-bus system with very encouraging results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296618
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  • 80
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    Optimizing ferromagnetic characteristics to reduce Newton iterations (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 629-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The standard Newton iteration scheme to solve a non-linear system of equations obtained from the finite element methods is based on the updating of the field dependent element reluctivity. Usually, the manufacturer of the ferromagnetic material provides a BH-characteristic as diagram or in the form of a table of data samples. The influence of the material properties, in particular their accurate numerical representation, is significant for the rate of convergence during the Newton iterations. Here, a numerical optimization aiming at a technically smooth non-linear characteristic is performed to obtain a higher rate of convergence of the Newton iteration scheme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296672
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  • 81
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    Image reconstruction from real scattering data (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 372-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: This paper deals with the inverse scattering problem of reconstructing the material properties of perfectly conducting or dielectric cylindrical objects. The material properties are reconstructed from measured far-field scattering data provided by the Electromagnetics Technology Division, AFRL/SNH, 31 Grenier Street, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-3010. The measured data have to be calibrated for use in our reconstruction algorithm. The inverse scattering problem formulated as unconstrained nonlinear optimization problem is numerically solved using an iterative scheme with a variable calibration factor which will be determined during the optimization process. Numerical examples show the successful application of the method to the measured data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274937
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  • 82
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    Approximation of the objective function: multiquadrics versus neural networks (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 250-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Global optimization in electrical engineering using stochastic methods requires usually a large amount of CPU time to locate the optimum, if the objective function is calculated either with the finite element method (FEM) or the boundary element method (BEM). One approach to reduce the number of FEM or BEM calls using neural networks and another one using multiquadric functions have been introduced recently. This paper compares the efficiency of both methods, which are applied to a couple of test problems and the results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274766
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  • 83
    Electronic Resource
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    The optimisation of electromagnetic devices using a combined finite element/neural network approach with on-line training (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 266-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The paper presents a novel method of utilising neural networks for optimisation systems. First, a conventional magnetic circuit model of the device is developed to create a set of sensitivity rules which guide the optimisation. The rules are coded in a knowledge-based neural network. Second, an error network is developed to correct the approximations inherent in the magnetic circuit approach and this combines with the first network to generate realistic outputs. Finally, the error network can be trained on-line with a finite element system. Over time, the network replaces the finite element analysis, thus speeding up the optimisation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274801
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  • 84
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    Dual formulations for the modeling of thin conducting magnetic shells (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 385-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Two sets of dual magnetodynamic and magnetostatic finite element formulations taking thin conducting magnetic shells into account are proposed. The abstraction of the thin region from the computational domain is performed by an appropriate treatment of the surface integral terms arising in the weak formulations. Results are presented for two three-dimensional test-problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274946
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  • 85
    Electronic Resource
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    Computationally efficient rate dependent hysteresis model (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 445-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: A fast dynamic hysteresis model is constructed based on the classical Preisach model and a differential equation which delays its input with respect to the actual value to encompass dynamic effects such as eddy currents and domain wall displacement. It is applied to describe the magnetic behaviour of both grain oriented and nonoriented electrical steel sheets. The results of numerical simulations are compared to experiment and power loss prediction is performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275080
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  • 86
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    Complementary finite element magnetodynamic formulations with enforced magnetic fluxes (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 656-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Two complementary 3D finite element formulations, with either the magnetic field or the magnetic vector potential as unknowns, are developed to deal with the modeling of eddy currents in electrical steel laminations. The magnetic flux through the flux gates of the conducting region is imposed via the boundary terms of the weak formulations, in a natural way thanks to the use of edge finite elements. The two formulations are applied to a simple 1D eddy current problem with analytical solution. As a practical 3D application example, a T-joint region of an electrical steel lamination is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296753
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  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations of the audible noise of inductors with respect to different ferromagnetic materials (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 647-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Fluorescent lamps are one of the most modern light sources. They can be connected to the 230Vac supply without a transformer. To operate them, an inductor and starter are required only. The main disadvantage of this type of light source is the emitted audible noise of a frequency of 100Hz. For this phenomenon the inductor is responsible. Electromagnetic forces and magnetostriction are acting on the body of the device causing the sound emission. Here, the audible noise problem is investigated with respect to different ferromagnetic materials and the range of applied flux densities inside the iron core.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296708
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  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum interface conditions for quasi-Fermi levels in an abrupt heterojunction (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 556-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: We present a semi-quantum model including tunneling effects across an abrupt heterojunction. The discontinuity of the effective masses and the energy bands are considered. The quantum transmission conditions for the quasi-Fermi levels are obtained using WKB approximation. We use mixed finite element approach and a two dimensional mesh which is double-valued for quasi-Fermi levels at a heterojunction. A GaAs/GaAIAs heterojunction diode is then simulated using both drift-diffusion and semi-quantum model by varying doping density at low temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296555
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  • 89
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    Numerical simulation of induction hardening of steel (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 482-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: We discuss a model that is capable of describing the process of induction hardening of steel: induction heating - heat transfer - solid-solid phase transitions in steel. It consists of a reduced system of Maxwell's equations, the heat transfer eqaution and a system of ordinary differential equations for the volume fractions of the occuring phases. The model is applied to simulate surface heat treatments, which play an important role in the manufacturing of steel. The numerical methods are implemented with tools from pdelib, a collection of modular algorithms. We present numerical simulations of surface hardening applied to the steel 42 CrMo 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275161
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  • 90
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    Magnetic modelling and magneto-hydro-dynamic simulations of an aluminium production electrolytic cell (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 528-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: A simulation of the motion of molten aluminium inside an electrolytic cell is presented. Since the driving term of the aluminium motion is the Lorentz (j × B) body force acting within the fluid,this problem involves the solution of the magneto-hydro-dynamic equations. Different solver modules for the magnetic field computation and for the fluid motion simulation are coupled together. The interactions of all these are presented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275224
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  • 91
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    On the Lorenz gauge (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 323-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Although edge elements satisfactorily solve the eddy current problem, formulations allowing the use of standard, node-based elements, are still looked for. But "well-posed" formulations have been elusive up to now. We propose one, based on a particular gauge, div(s a)=-s 2µ v, close to the "Lorenz gauge" of several recent publications, but not identical if one does not assume a piecewise uniform conductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274892
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  • 92
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    The charge-tube method for space-charge simulations (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 548-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The charge-tube method is an accurate way of assigning the space-charge of a beam in computational simulations of charged particle systems. The method is described and is compared with the traditional charge-cell method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296528
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  • 93
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    Fuzzy control of current in thyristor DC drive (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 675-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: In the paper an application of fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for control of thyristor DC drive is presented. During synthesis of the FLC a robustness against variation of structure of the current control plant was taken into account. Comparison between the fuzzy control system and an ordinary digital control system, carried out by simulation method, proved that FLC as a robust controller gives better performance in the range where non-linearity and parameter variation is observed. The simulation results were confirmed by the laboratory experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296861
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  • 94
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    Models of magnetic circuits and their equivalent electrical diagrams (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 600-610 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The paper presents a method of creating electrical equivalent diagrams of magnetic circuits. The method is based on bond-graph techniques, using flux derivative as flow variable. Couplings between magnetic and electric part of the system are represented by gyrators. Simple models of magnetic branches, including non-linear effects due to saturation, hysteresis and eddy currents, are presented. These models can be easily combined into magnetic circuit models, which can be transformed into dual electric equivalent circuit. Various equivalent circuits of transformers are discussed. The proposed models are simple and particularly useful for system-level simulation of power electronic and motion control systems with magnetic elements. These models can be easily developed if needed. Theoretical considerations are illustrated by examples of digital simulation and experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296636
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  • 95
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    Selected projection methods to improve the convergence of non-linear problems (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 638-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Short computation times required for the design and numerical optimisation of electromagnetic devices with the finite element method are obtained using an adaptive mesh refinement algorithm. Less time is spent on the initial mesh generation, while the time needed for refinement is negligible when special data structures are used. But an even more significant reduction in total computation time is achieved with the initialisation of the solution on the generated mesh. Fewer Newton steps are required to solve non-linear problems compared to a zero initial solution, while the time needed for the projection of the solution is far less than the time needed for a Newton step.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296681
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  • 96
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    Effective reluctivity calculation versus time step calculation of magnetic shielding with ferromagnetic material (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 410-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The calculation of magnetic shielding with ferromagnetic material by an effective reluctivity method and a time step method based on the finite element calculation is investigated. The calculation results of both methods are compared with measurement results and with each other in order to check their reliability and accuracy. It turns out that both methods give similar results for the field inside the shielding material, whereas in the surrounding air the effective reluctivity method gives more accurate results than the present time step method.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910274973
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  • 97
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    Finite element analysis of electromagnetic torque saturation harmonics in a squirrel cage machine (1999)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Compel 18 (1999), S. 619-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 0332-1649
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: The electromagnetic torque oscillations caused by saturation harmonics in a squirrel cage machine are analysed. Special attention is paid to the most important saturation harmonic of alternating field that has three times as many poles as fundamental harmonic and three times its frequency. The operations of the machine as a motor and as a self-excited generator have been investigated. The 2D finite element time-stepping method has been applied to the analysis of a particular machine performance. The finite element equations are coupled with circuits equations which describe the winding connections. The skew of the rotor slots is taken into account.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910296654
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  • 98
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    Measuring the Pace of Technological Progress (1999)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-1625
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-5509
    Topics: Geography , Sociology , Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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    Technology Spillovers between Sectors (1999)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-1625
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-5509
    Topics: Geography , Sociology , Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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    Technology Foresight for Wiring Up the National Innovation System (1999)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-1625
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-5509
    Topics: Geography , Sociology , Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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