ALBERT

Note: ÍNDICE PRESENTACIÓN INTRODUCCIÓN INTRODUCTION ESTUDIO GEOLÓGICO DEL ENTORNO DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA l. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1. Localización geográfica 1.2. Metodología de trabajo 1.3. Objetivos 2. ENCUADRE GEOLÓGICO GENERAL 3. ANTECEDENTES 4. ESTRATIGRAFÍA 4.1. Materiales alpujárrides 4.1.1. Manto de Almijara (Alpujárride Intermedio) 4.1.1.1. Esquistos oscuros 4.1.1.2. Esquistos claros 4.1.1.3. Calcosquistos 4.1.1.4. Mármoles de la base 4.1.1.5. Mármoles con intercalaciones de esquistos y calcosquistos 4.1.2. Manto de Guájares (Alpujárride Superior) 4.1.2.1. Esquistos oscuros 4.1.2.2. Esquistos claros 4.1.2.3. Mármoles 4.2. Materiales Neógeno-Cuaternarios 4.2.1. Unidad inferior pliocena 4.2.2. Unidad superior pliocena 4.2.3. Unidad pleistocena 4:2.3.1. Brechas y conglomerados 4.2.3.2. Gravas, arenas y limos 4.2.3.3. Travertinos 4.2.3.4. Depósitos litoquímicos 4.2.4. Unidad Holocena 5. ESTRUCTURA GEOLÓGICA 6. HISTORIA GEOLÓGICA BIBLIOGRAFÍA ANÁLISIS ESTRATIGRÁFICO DE LOS MATERIALES NEÓGENOCUATERNARIOS DE LA REGIÓN DE NERJA 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. ESTRATIGRAFÍA 2.1. Brechas rojas basales 2.2. Unidad inferior pliocena 2.2.1. Facies continentales de la Unidad inferior pliocena 2.2.2. Facies marinas de la Unidad inferior pliocena 2.2.3. Medio de depósito 2.3. Discordancia intrapliocena 2.4. Unidad superior pliocena 2.4.1. Facies marinas de la Unidad superior pliocena 2.4.2. Facies continentales de la Unidad superior pliocena 2.4.3. Medio de depósito 2.5. Unidad pleistocena 2.5.1. Descripción de los materiales 2.5.2. Medio de depósito y edad de los materiales 2.6. Otros materiales atribuibles al Pleistoceno 2.6.1. Travertinos 2.6.2. Facies detrítcias y cabonatadas del cruce de la carretera de la Cueva 2.7. Materiales del Holoceno 3. EVOLUCIÓN TECTOSEDIMENTARIA y PALEOGEOGRÁFICA 4. CONCLUSIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA LA FRACTURACIÓN EN EL ENTORNO DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1. Antecedentes 1.2 Estructura del entorno de la Cueva de Nerja 2. RASGOS GENERALES DE LA FRACTURACIÓN 3. ESTUDIO DE LAS FALLAS 3.1. Las fallas mesoscópicas 3.2. Las grandes fallas 4. ESTUDIO DE LAS DIACLASAS 4.1. Resultado del estudio de la diaclasación en el entorno de la Cueva de Nerja 4.2. Estudio de la diaclasación en el interior de la Cueva 5. COMPARACIÓN DE LOS RESULTADOS OBTENIDOS EN LAS DIACLASAS Y FALLAS 6. ALGUNOS DATOS ACERCA DE LA CRONOLOGÍA DE LA FRACTURACIÓN E IMPORTANCIA DE LA MISMA 7. CONTROLES GEOLÓGICOS DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA: INFLUENCIA DE LA FRACTURACIÓN 8. CONCLUSIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA ESTUDIO GEOMORFOLÓGICO DEL ENTORNO DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. SÍNTESIS GEOLÓGICA Y ÁMBITO BIOCLIMÁTICO 3. ANÁLISIS MORFOMÉTRICO Y DE LA RED DE DRENAJE 3.1. Consideraciones previas. Rasgos hidrográficos generales 3.2. Características de forma 3.3. Características de relieve 3.4. Análisis de la red de drenaje 4. RASGOS GENERALES DEL MODELADO EN EL CONJUNTO MONTAÑOSO 4.1. Erosión hídrica y formas estructurales 4.2. Periglaciarismo y glaciarismo 4.3. Morfologías kársticas 5. EL PIEDEMONTE LITORAL: FORMAS Y PROCESOS 5.1. Morfologías relacionadas con las brechas pleistocenas 5.2. Otras morfologías 6. BOSQUEJO DE EVOLUCIÓN GEOMORFOLÓGICA. PROCESOS ACTUALES BIBLIOGRAFÍA ESTUDIO HIDROGEOLÓGICO DEL ENTORNO DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. ANTECEDENTES 3. MARCO CLIMÁTICO 3.1. Precipitciones 3.2. Temperaturas 4. HIDROLOGÍA SUPERFICIAL 5. EL ACUÍFERO DE LAS ALBERQUILLAS 5.1. Descripción 5.2. Puntos de Agua 5.2.1. Pozos perforados 5.2.1.1. Piezometría 5.2.2. Manantiales 5.2.2.1. El manantial de Maro 5.3. Hidrogeoquímica 5.3.1. Aplicación de la hidroquímica a la investigación hidrogeológica 5.3.1.1. Distribución espacial 5.3.1.2. Evolución temporal 5.3.2. Aplicación de la hidroquímica a la karstogénesis 5.3.2.1. El sistema calcocarbónico 5.4. Funcionamiento del acuífero 6. LA CUEVA DE NERJA EN EL ACUÍFERO DE LAS ALBERQUILLAS BIBLIOGRAFÍA INTRODUCCIÓN A LA PETROLOGÍA DE LOS MÁRMOLES DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA Y MATERIALES ASOCIADOS 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. CONTEXTO GEOLÓGICO 3. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS ROCAS Y PETROGRAFÍA 3.1. Rocas Carbonáticas 3.1.1. Mármoles dolomíticos puros 3.1.2. Mármoles dolomíticos impuros 3.1.3. Mármoles calcíticos y rocas con silicatos cálcicos 4. COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA DE LOS MINERALES 5. EVOLUCIÓN METAMÓRFICA 5.1. Antecedentes 5.2. Metamorfismo de las rocas carbonáticas 5.3. Condiciones del metamorfismo 6. CONCLUSIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA DATACIONES GEOCRONOLÓGICAS ABSOLUTAS (Métodos E.S.R. y Series de Uranio) EN LA CUEVA DE NERJA Y SU ENTORNO. IMPLICACIONES EVOLUTIVAS, PALEOCLIMÁTICAS Y NEOSISMOTECTÓNICAS 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. METODOLOGÍA 2.1. Campaña de muestreo 2.2. Métodos geocronológicos empleados 3. LOCALIZACIÓN Y DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS MUESTRAS 3.1. Muestras del interior de la Cueva de Nerja 3.2. Muestras de depósitos sedimentarios del entorno exterior 4. RESULTADOS OBTENIDOS Y DISCUSIÓN 5. CONCLUSIONES: IMPLICACIONES EVOLUTIVAS, PALEOCLIMÁTICAS Y NEOSISMOTECTÓNICAS 5.1. Relativas a la evolución de la Cueva de Nerja 5.2. Relativas a la edad de algunos materiales del entorno 5.3. Relativas a los cambios paleoclimáticos de la región 5.4. Relativas a la neosismotectónica de la región BIBLIOGRAFÍA . ESTUDIO DE LA VENTILACIÓN DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA MEDIANTE LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE RADÓN 1 INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1. Radioactividad Natural 1.2. Cómo se puede medir la concentración en Rn 1.3. Exhalación en Rn del suelo 1.4. Método para evaluar la ventilación 2 DISPOSITIVO EXPERIMENTAL 2.1. Toma de muestras de aire 2.2. Medida del contenido en Rn de las células 2.3. Medida de la temperatura del aire de la Cueva 3 RESULTADOS 3.1. Concentración de Rn en la Cueva 3.2. Temperatura del aire en la Cueva 3.3. Evaluación del índice de ventilación BIBLIOGRAFIA CARACTERIZACIÓN ISOTÓPICA Y ANÁLISIS DE LOS PROCESOS DE DEGRADACIÓN DE LOS MATERIALES CARBONATADOS DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA. ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1. Antecedentes 1.2. Localización geológica y materiales estudiados 2. METODOLOGÍA 2.1. Muestreo 2.2. Estudio de laboratorio 2.2.1. Análisis mineralógico 2.2.2. Isótopos estables 2.2.3. Elementos traza 2.2.4. Microscopía electrónica de barrido 3 RESULTADOS OBTENIDOS 3.1. Espeleotemas 3.2. Roca encajante 3.3. Travertinos 3.4. Mustras de agua 4. INTERPRETACIÓN Y DISCUSIÓN DE LOS RESULTADOS 4.1. Isótopos estables 4.2. Estudio de las alteraciones 4.2.1. Procesos de alteración de carbonatos 4.2.2. Estudio de elementos traza 4.2.3. Estudio mineralógico 5 CONCLUSIONES AGRADECIMIENTOS BIBLIOGRAFÍA ESTUDIO GEOQUÍMICO DE LAS AGUAS DE INFILTRACIÓN DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. METODOLOGÍA DE TRABAJO 2.1. Trabajo de campo 2.2. Trabajo de laboratorio 2.3. Trabajo de gabinete 3. LOS CAUDALES DE GOTEO 4. LOS PARÁMETROS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS: (pH, TEMPERATURA y CONDUCTIVIDAD) 5. LA INFORMACIÓN HIDROGEOQUÍMICA 5.1. La química de los carbonatos 5.1.1. Los equilibrios calco-carbónicos, el pH de equilibrio y la presión parcial de CO2 5.1.2. La pC02 de las aguas de infiltración 5.1.3. El dpH de las aguas de infiltración 5.2. Las distintas clases de agua 5.3. Consideraciones sobre algunos componentes químicos de interés en las aguas de infiltración sensu stricto 5.3.1. Iones procedentes mayoritariamente del agua de lluvia 5.3.1.1. Cloruros (Cl-) 5.3:1.2. Sílice(SiO2) 5.3.1.3. Nitratos (NO3) 5.3.1.4. Sulfatos (SO4) 5.3.2. Iones procedentes fundamentalmente de los materiales acuíferos 5.3.2.1. Alcalinidad total (TAC) 5.3.2.2. Relación CA2+/Mg2+ 6. ALGUNOS ASPECTOS PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LA CUEVA 7. CONCLUSIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA MEDIDAS TOPOGRÁFICAS DE PRECISIÓN PARA CONTROL DE MICRODEFORMACIONES EN EL TECHO DE LA CUEVA DE NERJA 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL SISTEMA 3. MEDIDAS DE IMPLANTACIÓN 4. ALTIMETRÍA 5. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES AGRADECIMIENTOS BIBLIOGRAFÍA . , In spanischer Sprache , Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache

Note: CONTENTS Preface Introduction Experimental equipment and methods Gas gun Snow target assembly Data acquisition Experimental procedure Measured data Stress histories Snow characterization Data analysis Recommendations Experimental methods Experimental needs Summary Literature cited Appendix A : Stress-time data plots Appendix B: Tabulated stress-time data Abstract

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Chapter 1. The road and its environment Introduction General physiography Regional climate Surficial and bedrock geology Permafrost and ground ice General biota Vegetation Floristic survey Vegetation mapping Soils and mapping Chapter 2. Roadbed performance and associated investigations Roadbed investigations Roadbed performance Performance of drainage features Performance of sideslopes Conclusions from road, drainage and sideslope performance studies Fuel gas line construction Chapter 3. Distribution and properties of road dust along the northern portion of the Haul Road Introduction Methods Results of wind direction and velocity measurements Dust load and distribution Particle size analyses of dust Chemical composition properties of dust and related samples Soil cation composition Dust impacts on vegetation Discussion and conclusions Chapter 4. Revegetation and restoration investigations Introduction Revegetation approaches Alyeska erosion control and revegetation program Weeds and weedy plants Performance of revegetation Alyeska willow cutting program CRREL restoration experiments Conclusions Revegetation recommendations General report recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: General environmental guidelines applicable to subarctic and arctic road construction Appendix B: University-based studies along the Yukon River-Prudhoe Bay Haul Road Appendix C: CRREL maps of Haul Road showing locations of all study Sites Appendix D: Additional Haul Road cross-sectional profiles Appendix E: Clay mineralogy of road-related materials Appendix F: List of reports in the Joint State/Federal Fish and Wildlife Ad­visory Team series

Note: CONTENTS Introduction Literature review Objectives Materials and methods Results Observations Distribution and environmental tolerances Discussion Morphology Distribution Habitat Summary Conclusions Recommendations for future work Literature cited Appendix A Type descriptions of Acanthoecidae collected from the Weddell Sea

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Objectives Climate Site preparation and data collection Instrumentation, measurements and calibration Relocation of measurement site, Fall 1976 Visual observations, ice conditions, and pertinent photography Analysis Air temperature comparisons Degree days of freezing Prediction of ice growth Water and ice temperature Wind Solar radiation Grand Isle ferry operations 1976-77 Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A. General observations of ice conditions on Lake Champlain

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Zero superheat Constant phase change rate Zero sensible heat Finite sensible heat Finite superheat Quasi-steady solution Heat balance integral solution Approximate methods Conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Preface Conversion factors Introduction Estimates and field measurements of ice forces on structures General Indirect estimates Direct measurements Small-scale and laboratory studies Instrumentation plan for measuring ice loads on the Yukon River Bridge Load cell development The single reaction beam system Performance of a single reaction beam load cell The double reation beam load cell Reaction beam design Stress in the beam Deflection Axial tensile stress in the reaction beam Measurement techniques Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Finding load magnitude and location with a single reaction beam device Appendix B. Finding load magnitude and location on a double reaction beam device

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Introduction STARMET Test description Test results PLANEWAVE II Test description Test results DATEX II Test description Test results HANDEC II Test description Test results ROCKTEST II Test description Test results Summary and discussion Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface List of symbols Introduction Experimental apparatus Experimental procedures Analysis of forces Experimental results Analysis of data Conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Field program Results and discussion Conclusions Literature cited Appendix: Data analysis procedures

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Velocity problem Heat and mass transfer problem - A single drop Heat and mass transfer - A system of drops Literature cited Appendix A: FORTRAN IV program to calculate final drop temperature, air temperatureand humidity

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Introduction Description of school Roof problems Snow infiltration leaks Valley leaks Intersection leaks Condensation leaks Tests to verify the cause of condensation leaks Eliminating the condensation leaks Recommendations for eliminating condensation leaks Repairing existing roof An alternative roof cladding The "cold roof" alternative Repairs and modifications Summary and conclusions

Note: Contents Foreword Introduction Oil - Catalyst for change The Haul Road - Highway to the Arctic Origins: The geologic setting Glaciers shape the land Glaciation and wildlife distribution Permafrost and the periglacial environment The Dalton Highway road log Glossary Selected references

Note: Bachelorarbeit, Wilfrid Laurier University, 1993 , TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Water Balance 2.3 Nutrient Inputs 2.4 Models Chapter 3 Study Site and Site Characteristics 3.1 Study Site Location 3.2 Geology 3.3 Surface Cover 3.4 Permafrost Depth 3.5 Lake Formation 3.6 Lake Characteristics 3.7 Lake Sub Basin Characteristics 3.8 Climate 3.9 Precipitation and Melt 3.10 Evaporation Chapter 4 Methods 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Physical Sampling 4.2.1 Water Level 4.2.2 Stream Discharge 4.2.3 Precipitation 4.2.4. Radiation 4.2.5 Evaporation 4.2.6 Groundwater 4.3 Chemical Sampling 4.3.1 Total Phosphorus 4.4 Biological Sampling 4.4.1 Chlorophyll a 4.5 Water Balance 4.6 Nutrient Inputs 4.7 Models 4.7.1 Predicting Total Phosphorus Concentrations 4.7.2 Chlorophyll a Chapter 5 Results 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Water Balance 5.2.1 Lake Storage 5.2.2 Stream Discharge 5.2.3 Precipitation 5.2.4 Radiation 5.2.5 Evaporation 5.2.6 Groundwater 5.3 Nutrient Inputs 5.4 Models 5.4.1 Predicting Total Phosphorus Concentrations 5.4.2 Chlorophyll a Chapter 6 Discussion 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Water Balance 6.3 Nutrient Inputs 6.4 Models Chapter 7 Further Study Appendices Appendix 1 Lake Storage Appendix 2 Discharge Data Appendix 3 Precipitation Appendix 4 Radiation Appendix 5 Evaporation Appendix 6 Nutrient Data Appendix 7 Chlorophyll a Bibliography , Englisch

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Metric conversion table Introduction Roughness and friction measurements Level plate ice performance Brash ice performance Ramming icebreaking performance Analysis of the data Propulsion efficiency in ice Regression analysis Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Metric conversion table Introduction Test sites Test procedures and materials Analysis of test data Mobility tests Conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface List of symbols Introduction Anisotropy and sea ice macrostructure Anisotropy and sea ice microstructure A theory of anisotropic radar return from sea ice Anisotropic electric flux penetration into brine layers Implications of normal exclusion, tangential penetration, and brine layer geometry for dielectric behavior of sea ice Modeling of electromagnetic reflection from a stratified, anisotropic, inhomogeneous lossy medium Calculation of mixture complex dielectric constants Calculation of interfacial power reflection coefficients Calculation of bulk power reflection coefficients Calculation of attenuated power reflection coefficients Beam spread Results Anisotropic bottom reflections Anisotropic complex dielectric constants Sensitivity of parameters Internal reflection: the bumps Discussion Conclusions Literature cited

Note: Contents Abstract Preface lntroduction Experimental Sample preparation Testing procedure Results General features Commercial Ice Notched commercial ice Sanded commercial ice Pure ice Single crystal ice Snow-ice Colloidal alumina-dispersed ice Colloidal silica.dispersed ice NH4F doped ice HF doped ice Discussion Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Introduction Field measurement and analysis of transient heat flow A closer look at handling the constraints Random change Step change Ramp change Application of theory Literature cited Appendix A. Percentage error from a step input Appendix B. Time constraints of sample walls Appendix C. Percentage error from a ramp input Appendix D. Percentage error from a sinusoidal input Appendix E. Percentage error programs for a Hewlett-Packard HP-25 calculator Appendix F. Experimental determination of time constants Appendix G. Derivation of time constant formula for multiple layers

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction History of snow and ice roads Classification of snow and ice roads Snow pads used by Alyeska during the winter of 1975-1976 The Globe Creek snow pad The Toolik snow pad The gasline snow pad Summary and conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface 1. Types of ice accretion a. Frost b. Rime c. Glaze d. Spray ice 2. Conditions governing type of accreted ice a. Meteorological b. Structural 3. Accretion rates a. Fundamentals b. Effect of height c. Geographical distribution 4. Spray icing 5. Structural design factors a. Dead loads b. Wind field in the boundary layer c. Windloads 6. Techniques for minimizing structural icing 7. Data collection needs 8. Literature cited

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS: List of figures. - List of plates. - List of tables. - Acknowledgements. - Preface. - Itinerary for Canadian portion of tour. - GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA. - Physiography and geology. - Quaternary geology. - Northern Yukon Territory and Mackenzie Delta. - Cordilleran Ice Sheet. - Montane glaciers of the southern Ogilvie Ranges. - Correlation and chronology. - Laurentide Glaciation. - Climate. - The Mackenzie Basin. - Northern Yukon. - Soils. - Distribution in the permafrost regions of Canada. - Distribution in Northwestern Canada. - Spil properties. - Patterned Ground Morphology. - Soil Texture and Rate of Decomposition. - Moisture and Ice Ccontent. - Soil Temperatures. - Micromorphology. - Cryoturbation. - Permafrost. - Distribution. - Thickness. - Active layer. - Ground ice. - Permafrost and climate change. - Vegetation. - Agriculture. - Overview. - Yukon. - Northwest Territories. - Forest resources. - Mining and exploration. - Overview. - Yukon. - Northwest Territories. - DESCRIPTION OF SOIL STOPS AND POINTS OF INTEREST. - Site 1, KM 4: Permafrost soil developed on organic terrain. - Organic soils in the Mackenzie Valley. - Mesic organic cryosol (Polygonal peat plateau). - Micromorphology. - Soil Temperature and Moisture. - Snow Depth, Active Layer Depth and Subsidence. - Site 2, KM 36: Permafrost soil developed on earth hummocks. - Orthic turbic cryosol, Peaty phase. - Micromorphology. - Soil Temperature and Moisture. - Snow Depth, Active Layer Thickness and Subsidence. - Site 3: Soil and permafrost development on recent alluvium. - Ecology of the Mackenzie Delta. - Mackenzie Delta ecosystems, Bonbardier Channel. - Site 4: Mackenzie River. - Site 5, KM 30: Richardson Mountains and glacial limit. - Site 6, KM 14: AUFEIS, or icing on James Creek. - Site 7, KM 5: Solifluction Site. - Site 8, KM 0: Continental divide, NWT/Yukon border. - Site 9, KM 425: Pediments and foothills, Richardson Transect. - Micromorphology. - Site 10, KM 403: Arctic circle. - Site 11, KM 400.5: Nonsorted circles (mudboils). - Origin of mudboils. - Orthic turbic cryosol associated with strongly cryoturbated materials. - Micromorphology. - Site 12, KM 366: Eagle plain monitoring site, Dempster Highway. - Soil Temperature and Moisture. - Micromorphology. - Site 13, KM 322: Forest fire site. - Site 14, KM 259: Peel River and Ogilvie Mountains Overview. - Site 15, KM 174: Sulphur Springs. - Site 16, KM 160-180: Tors on limestone ridges. - Site 17, KM 155: Calcareous soil on mid-pleistocene drift. - Brunisolic turbic cryosol. - Micromorphology. - Site 18, KM 115.5: Open-system Pingo. - Site 19, KM 96.5: Ice-wedge Polygons. - Site 20, KM 80: Frost mounds. - Site 21, KM 80: McConnell glacial limit. - Site 22, KM 77: Nonsorted circle site. - Micromorphology. - Site 23, KM 74: Tombstone Mountain Lookout. - Site 24: Midnight Dome Lookout. - Site 25: Agriculture on permafrost-affected soil. - Site 25a: The cleared soil. - Micromorphology. - Site 25b: The forested soil. - Micromorphology. - The impact of disturbance on soil physical properties. - Site 26: Placer gold mining in the Klondike District. - Site 27: Paleosols as indicators of past climate. - Wounded moose paleosol developed on Pre-Reid gravel. - Micromorphology. - Site 28: The effect of aspect on soil development. - Site 28a: Orthic dystric Brunisol (Southeast Aspect). - Micromorphology. - Site 28b: Regosolic Turbic cryosol (Northwest Aspect). - Site 29, KM 4: Sunnydale View. - Site 30, KM 53: Unglaciated Terrain - Tors and cryoplanation terraces. - Site 31, KM 102: Solifluction lobes and soil stripes. - Site 32, KM 107: Soils associated with sorted nets. - Orthic turbic cryosol. - References. - Appendices. - Appendix 1: The Canadian sysetm of soil classification. - Appendix 2: Methods. - Appendix 3: Glossary of micromorphological terms. - Appendix 4: Scientific and common names of plant species.

Note: CONTENTS: Preface / G. C. S. Clarke and W. Punt. - 8. Solanaceae / W. Punt and M. Monna-Brands. - 9. Saxifragaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 10. Boraginaceae / G. C. S. Clarke. - 11. Escalloniaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 12. Grossulariaceae / A.A.M.L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 13. Hydrangeaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 14. Parnassiaceae / A. A. M. L. Verbeek-Reuvers. - 15. Plantaginaceae / G. C. S. Clarke and M. R.Jones. - 16. Valerianaceae / G. C. S. Clarke and M. R. Jones. - 17. Aceraceae / G. C. S. Clarke and M. R. Jones. - 18. Hippuridaceae / M. S. Engel. - 19. Haloragaceae / M. S. Engel. - 20. Papaveraceae / A. J. Kalis. - Index. - Errata.

Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research of the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Station. - Antarctic Research Activities 1979-1980. - Planned Research Activities 1980-1981. - References.

Note: CONTENTS Preface Introduction Traction test methods Saab friction tester Uniroyal-Goodrich traction tester CRREL Instrumented Vehicle Surfaces tested Reporting results and terminology Factors influencing traction Results Traction curves for each surface Traction coefficients Conclusion Literature cited Appendix A: Vehicle instrumentation and samples of graphic output Appendix B: Comparison of measured traction coefficients with published andpredicted values Abstract

Note: CONTENTS Preface Nomenclature Introduction Background Scope of the study Control of river ice formation Control methods Controlled ice-cover formation for the upper Ohio River Numerical simulation of ice-cover formation Flow profile Water temperature variation Frazil ice growth Ice-cover progression Thermal growth of ice cover Numerical results Illustration of simulated ice-:over formation Ice-cover formation in the Hannibal and Montgomery pools Generalized results Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: Expression for coefficients Appendix B: Listing of computer program

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction One-dimensional equations of simultaneous heat and moisture flux Moisture transport Heat transport Phase change Coupling effects Frost heave algorithm Development of computer model Finite difference vs finite element method Finite element formulation Time domain solution Evaluation of the mathematical model Heat flux Moisture flux Numerical dispersion Frost heave of homogeneous laboratory samples Conclusions Recommended studies to refine the model Literature cited Appendix A. Work plan, staffing and instrumentation requirements for correlating results oflaboratory frost susceptibility tests with field performance Appendix B. Proposed investigation of thaw weakening of subgrade soil and granular unboundbase course Appendix C. Derivation of finite element system matrices

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Research setting Objectives Materials, mixture designs, and tests Materials Mixture design tests Brazil test Resilient modulus test Data analysis Marshall tests Asphalt grade Compactive effort Aggregate type Data analysis Brazil tests Indirect tensile strength Tensile strain Vertical deformation Summary of Brazil test results Data analysis-resilIient modulus. Comparison of mixture susceptibility to temperature cracking General asphalt concrete stiffness Thermal cracking. Influence of asphalt cement properties Summary Comparison of mixture susceptibility to traftic-load-associated distress Stress/strain analysis Fatigue damage analysis Rutting analysis Strength correlations Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength Indirect tensile strength and resilient modulus Summary Summary and conclusions Recapitulation of investigations Summary of results Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Asphalt adggregate mixture properties by Marshall method Appendix B: Equations for calculating specimen properties from Brazil tests Appendix C: Calculated displacements, strains and stresses

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Data sources and literature review Canada Alaska Data tabulation Station selection Description of tabulated data Station location and ice measurement site descriptions Review of previous studies on maximum ice in North America Maximum ice thickness maps Date of maximum ice Plotting of the ice decay curves General procedures Categories of water bodies Ice decay at sea ice locations Envelope curves Average curves Snow-ice formation Ice decay at lake ice locations Average curves Regional variations and similarities Ice decay at river ice locations Variations in ice thickness Rapid ice clearance Comparison between Alaskan and Canadian river ice decay curves Incremental extraction of ice decay data for analysis purposes Selection of ice decay intervals Preliminary evaluation of the methodology Further considerations of the methodology Relationships between ice decay and thawing air temperatures Average daily vs maximum daily air temperature 10-day increments vs accumulated values Total years vs year-to-year analysis Evaluation of use of 0°C as a base Final format of the relationship between ice decay and ATDD Evaluation of the final form Possible causes for variations in slope values Decreasing sea ice thickness and thawing air temperatures Factors affecting sea ice decay Relationship between ATDD and sea ice decay Influence of solar radiation and wind on sea ice decay Literature cited Selected bibliography Appendix A. Ice thickness measurements and other related (or associated) observations for stations in Canada and Alaska Appendix B. Maps of least and greatest ice thickness observed at the time of maximum growth, and average date of occurrence Appendix C. Annual ice decay curves for stations in Canada and Alaska

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Objectives Conclusions Introduction Background Previous cooperative investigations Project rationale and coordination Approach Landsat imagery Interpretation techniques Part I. Use of Landsat imagery in mapping the drainage network, lakes, glaciers and snowfields (Lawrence W. Gatto) Objective Methods Results Conclusions Part II. Use of Landsat imagery in mapping and evaluating geologiclineaments and possible faults (Carolyn J. Merry) Objective Geologic structure Methods Results Conclusions Part Ill. Use of Landsat imagery in mapping surficial materials Section A. Landsat mapping (Harlan L. McKim) Objective Methods Results Section B. Field evaluation (Daniel E. Lawson) Objectives Methods Results Discussion Section C. Conclusions (Daniel E. Lawson and Harlan L. McKim) Literature cited Glossary

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Literature review Experimental design Climate Results and discussion Nutrient sources Mulches Soil fertility Cost analysis Summary and conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Methods Site description Oil application Physical characterization Thermal characterization Oil and oily soil characterization Soil microbiological methodology Vegetation Results and discussion Oil movement Effects on permafrost Compositional changes Microbiological responses Oil effects on vegetation Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A Physical and thermal information Appendix B Chemical information Appendix C Microbiological information

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction The Environment Ice Growth and Accumulation Natural Ice Transport Accumulation Sites 1. Under-ice accumulation 2. Accumulation on top of the ice Evaluation of Ice Disposal Techniques 1. General 2. Disposal by displacement under the remaining ice sheet 3. Disposal by ejection on top of adjacent ice cover 4. Disposal by slurrying 5. Disposal by rafting Conclusions and Recommendations Literature Cited

Note: Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Physiographic map and field trip localities of the Upper Cook Inlet area, Alaska / compiled by R. D. Reger and R. G. Updike (1982) , CONTENTS Introduction General statement Organization and acknowledgments Selected references Middle Tanana River valley R&sum& of the permafrost and Quaternary geology Road log and locality descriptions Selected references Delta River area. Alaska Range R&sum& of the permafrost and Quaternary geology Road log and locality description Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Thawing problems Construction modes Conventional burial Special burial Conventional elevated and anchor support Selected references Copper River basin Rèsumè of Quaternary geology Road log and locality description Gakona section Richardson Highway Simpson Hill roadcut Copper River Bluff section Glenn Highway Selected references Overview of the Matanuska Glacier Selected references Upper Cook Inlet region and the Matanuska Valley Introduction Physiography and geology Upper Cook Inlet region Matanuska Valley Climate Vegetation. Soils Rèsumè of Quaternary geology General statement Late Pliocene-early Pleistocene glaciations and interglaciations Mt. Susitna Glaciation Mt. Susitna-Caribou Hills interglaciation Caribou Hills Glaciation Late Pleistocene glaciations and interglaciations Caribou Hills-Eklutna interglaciation Eklutna Glaciation Eklutna-Knik interglaciation Knik Glaciation Knik-Naptowne nonglacial interval Naptowne Glaciation Early Holocene Glaciations Middle to Late Holocene events Alaskan Glaciation Tustumena advances Tunnel advances Other events Road log and locality descriptions Selected references Appendix A - Radiocarbon dates related to late Quaternary events in the Upper Cook Inlet region, Alaska

Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.