ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

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Warming and parasitism impair the performance of Baltic native and invasive macroalgae and their associated fauna (2023)

Bommarito, Claudia ; Díaz‐Morales, Dakeishla M. ; Guy‐Haim, Tamar ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-12-12

Beschreibung: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉Global warming, bioinvasions, and parasitism affect single‐species performances and species interactions, substantially impacting the structure and stability of marine ecosystems. In light of accelerated global change, the information derived from studies focusing on single species and single drivers is insufficient, calling for a multi‐stressor approach under near‐natural conditions. We investigated the effects of warming (+3°C) on the performance of a benthic community composed of native and invasive macroalgae, consumers and a trematode parasite in a mesocosm setting. We also assessed the effects of warming and parasitism on the survival and growth of gastropods and mussels and the thermal dependency of trematode performance. Our findings show that warming and grazing by infected gastropods had a large detrimental effect on the invasive macroalga growth. Furthermore, the single and interactive effects of parasitism and warming were detrimental to intermediate host survival and growth, especially to large mussels. Finally, cercarial emergence positively correlated to the natural peaks of summer temperatures, while infection intensity in mussels was higher in larger individuals. Our findings suggest that grazing and warming will be detrimental to the invasive macroalga, favoring the native alga. Moreover, parasitism will enhance grazing, especially in summer, when higher temperatures trigger parasite development. However, parasite‐enhanced grazing may be buffered by higher mortality or a shift in the size of infected intermediate hosts under warming. Our findings demonstrate how complex effects of ocean warming can be on food webs and how they can be mediated by parasitism and, as a result, influence native and invasive macroalgae differently.〈/p〉

Beschreibung: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; Baltic community ; climate change ; bioinvasions ; parasitism ; interactive effects ; macroalgae growth

Sprache: Englisch

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Multiclonal study of Daphnia magna with respect to adaptation to toxic cyanobacteria (2023)

Lange, Jacqueline ; Berges, Amelie Cara ; von Elert, Eric ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-25

Beschreibung: Mass developments of toxic cyanobacteria have increased in frequency due to global warming and eutrophication. Such cyanobacterial blooms impact whole freshwater ecosystems, especially reducing the abundance of herbivory species of the genus Daphnia. These negative effects on Daphnia have frequently been attributed to cyanobacterial secondary metabolites, among them hepatotoxic microcystins and protease inhibitors. Protease inhibitors inhibit major digestive proteases in the gut of Daphnia which results in reduced fitness, that is, population growth. To date evidence for local adaptation of Daphnia to cyanobacteria is confined to microcystin‐producing cyanobacteria and based on comparison of individual clones from different populations but lacks evidence from multiclone microcosm experiments. In the present study, D. magna clones from a Swedish lake where they coexist with the microcystin‐free Microcystis sp. strain BM25 were compared to clones from a Polish population without cyanobacteria, first in single‐clone experiments and subsequently in a multiclonal experimental population. The Swedish clones were assumed to be locally adapted to this protease inhibitor‐producing cyanobacterium and indeed showed higher population growth rates, a proxy for fitness, and dominated the population in the presence of dietary Microcystis sp. BM25, but not in the absence of this cyanobacterium. The results indicate an adaptive tolerance of the Swedish population and point at local adaptation to locally co‐occurring protease inhibitor‐producing cyanobacteria.

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; Daphnia magna ; multiclonal study ; toxic cyanobacteria ; adaption ; experiments

Sprache: Englisch

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The physiological response of an Antarctic key phytoplankton species to low iron and manganese concentrations (2023)

Balaguer, Jenna ; Thoms, Silke ; Trimborn, Scarlett ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-03-12

Beschreibung: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) availability and the divergent requirements of phytoplankton species were recently shown to be potential important drivers of Southern Ocean community composition. Knowledge about Antarctic phytoplankton species requirements for Fe and Mn remains, however, scarce. By performing laboratory experiments and additional calculations of the photosynthetic electron transport, we investigated the response of the ecologically important species 〈italic toggle="no"〉Phaeocystis antarctica〈/italic〉 under a combination of different Fe and Mn concentrations. Fe deprivation alone provoked typical physiological characteristics of Fe limitation in 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 (e.g., lowered growth and photosynthetic efficiency). In comparison, under Mn deprivation alone, the growth and carbon production of 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 were not impacted. Its tolerance to cope with low Mn concentrations resulted from an efficient photoacclimation strategy, including a higher number of active photosystems II through which fewer electrons were transported. This strategy allowed us to maintain similar high growth and carbon production rates as FeMn‐enriched cells. Due to its low Mn requirement, 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 performed physiologically as Fe‐deprived cells under the combined depletion of Fe and Mn. Hence, our study reveals that different from other Southern Ocean phytoplankton species, 〈italic toggle="no"〉P. antarctica〈/italic〉 possesses a high capacity to cope with natural low Mn concentrations, which can facilitate its dominance over others, potentially explaining its ecological success across the Southern Ocean.〈/p〉

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.944462

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; Southern Ocean ; Antarctic phytoplankton ; Trace metal ; photophysiology ; carbon fixation

Sprache: Englisch

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Zooplankton‐derived dissolved organic matter composition and its bioavailability to natural prokaryotic communities (2022)

De Corte, Daniele ; Varela, Marta M. ; Louro, Angeles M. ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-12-14

Beschreibung: Zooplankton grazing onphytoplankton promotes the release of particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the water column and therefore plays a key role in organic matter cycling in aquatic systems. Prokaryotes are the main DOM consumers in the ocean by actively remineralizing and transforming it, contributing to its molecular diversification. To explore the molecular composition of zooplankton‐derived DOM and its bioavailability to natural prokaryotic communities, the DOM generated by a mixed zooplankton community in the coastal Atlantic off Spain was used as substrate for a natural prokaryotic community and monitored over a ~ 5‐d incubation experiment. The molecular composition of solid‐phase extracted DOM was characterized via Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. After ~ 4 d in the zooplankton‐derived DOM amended incubation, the prokaryotic community demonstrated a 17‐fold exponential increase in cell number. The prokaryotic growth resulted in a reduction in bulk dissolved organic carbon concentration and the zooplankton‐derived DOM was considerably transformed at molecular and bulk elemental levels over the incubation period. The C : N ratio (calculated from the obtained molecular formulae) increased while the functional diversity decreased over the incubation time. In addition, molecular indices pointed to a reduced bioavailability of DOM at the end of the experiment. These findings show that zooplankton excreta are a source of labile organic matter that is quickly metabolized by the prokaryotic community. Therefore, a fraction of carbon is shunted from transfer to secondary consumers similarly to the viral shunt, suggesting that the zooplankton–prokaryotic interactions play an important role in the ocean's carbon cycle.

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Beschreibung: Xunta de Galicia http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010801

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; Spain ; coastal Atlantic ; zooplankton–prokaryotic interactions ; ocean’s carbon cycle

Sprache: Englisch

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Effects of Atlantification and changing sea‐ice dynamics on zooplankton community structure and carbon flux between 2000 and 2016 in the eastern Fram Strait (2022)

Ramondenc, Simon ; Nöthig, Eva‐Maria ; Hufnagel, Lili ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-12-14

Beschreibung: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉The collection of zooplankton swimmers and sinkers in time‐series sediment traps provides unique insight into year‐round and interannual trends in zooplankton population dynamics. These samples are particularly valuable in remote and difficult to access areas such as the Arctic Ocean, where samples from the ice‐covered season are rare. In the present study, we investigated zooplankton composition based on swimmers and sinkers collected by sediment traps at water depths of 180–280, 800–1320, and 2320–2550 m, over a period of 16 yr (2000–2016) at the Long‐Term Ecological Research observatory HAUSGARTEN located in the eastern Fram Strait (79°N, 4°E). The time‐series data showed seasonal and interannual trends within the dominant zooplankton groups including copepoda, foraminifera, ostracoda, amphipoda, pteropoda, and chaetognatha. Amphipoda and copepoda dominated the abundance of swimmers while pteropoda and foraminifera were the most important sinkers. Although the seasonal occurrence of these groups was relatively consistent between years, there were notable interannual variations in abundance, suggesting the influence of various environmental conditions such as sea‐ice dynamic and lateral advection of water masses, for example, meltwater and Atlantic water. Statistical analyses revealed a correlation between the Arctic dipole climatic index and sea‐ice dynamics (i.e., ice coverage and concentration), as well as the importance of the distance from the ice edge on swimmer composition patterns and carbon export.〈/p〉

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Beschreibung: Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)

Beschreibung: Helmholtz‐Gemeinschaft

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; eastern Fram Strait ; sea ice dynamics ; zooplankton population dynamics

Sprache: Englisch

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Cold‐water coral ecosystems under future ocean change: Live coral performance vs. framework dissolution and bioerosion (2022)

Büscher, Janina Vanessa ; Form, Armin Uwe ; Wisshak, Max ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-15

Beschreibung: Physiological sensitivity of cold‐water corals to ocean change is far less understood than of tropical corals and very little is known about the impacts of ocean acidification and warming on degradative processes of dead coral framework. In a 13‐month laboratory experiment, we examined the interactive effects of gradually increasing temperature and pCO2 levels on survival, growth, and respiration of two prominent color morphotypes (colormorphs) of the framework‐forming cold‐water coral Lophelia pertusa, as well as bioerosion and dissolution of dead framework. Calcification rates tended to increase with warming, showing temperature optima at ~ 14°C (white colormorph) and 10–12°C (orange colormorph) and decreased with increasing pCO2. Net dissolution occurred at aragonite undersaturation (ΩAr 〈 1) at ~ 1000 μatm pCO2. Under combined warming and acidification, the negative effects of acidification on growth were initially mitigated, but at ~ 1600 μatm dissolution prevailed. Respiration rates increased with warming, more strongly in orange corals, while acidification slightly suppressed respiration. Calcification and respiration rates as well as polyp mortality were consistently higher in orange corals. Mortality increased considerably at 14–15°C in both colormorphs. Bioerosion/dissolution of dead framework was not affected by warming alone but was significantly enhanced by acidification. While live corals may cope with intermediate levels of elevated pCO2 and temperature, long‐term impacts beyond levels projected for the end of this century will likely lead to skeletal dissolution and increased mortality. Our findings further suggest that acidification causes accelerated degradation of dead framework even at aragonite saturated conditions, which will eventually compromise the structural integrity of cold‐water coral reefs.

Beschreibung: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347

Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659

Beschreibung: Marine Research in Ireland

Beschreibung: French National Research Agency http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; cold-water corals ; ocean change ; laboratory experiments ; framwork dissolution ; bioerosion

Sprache: Englisch

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Testing the usefulness of optical data for zooplankton long‐term monitoring: Taxonomic composition, abundance, biomass, and size spectra from ZooScan image analysis (2022)

Cornils, Astrid ; Thomisch, Karolin ; Hase, Joanna ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-01

Beschreibung: The pelagic ecosystem of the Arctic Ocean is threatened by severe changes such as the reduction in sea‐ice coverage and increased inflow of warmer Atlantic water. The latter is already altering the zooplankton community, highlighting the need for monitoring studies. It is therefore essential to accelerate the taxonomic identification to speed up sample analysis, and to expand the analysis to biomass and size assessments, providing data for modeling efforts. Our case study in Fram Strait illustrates that image‐based analyses with the ZooScan provide abundance data and taxonomic resolutions that are comparable to microscopic analyses and are suitable for zooplankton monitoring purposes in the Arctic. We also show that image analysis allows to differentiate developmental stages of the key species Calanus spp. and Metridia longa and, thus, to study their population dynamics. Our results emphasize that older preserved samples can be successfully reanalyzed with ZooScan. To explore the applicability of image parameters for calculating total mesozooplankton and Calanus spp. biomasses, we used (1) conversion factors (CFs) translating wet mass to dry mass (DM), and (2) length–mass (LM) relationships. For Calanus spp., the calculated biomass values yielded similar results as direct DM measurements. Total mesozooplankton biomass ranged between 1.6 and 15 (LM) or 2.4 and 21 (CF) g DM m², respectively, which corresponds to previous studies in Fram Strait. Ultimately, a normalized biomass size spectra analysis provides 1st insights into the mesozooplankton size structure at different depths, revealing steep slopes in the linear fit in communities influenced by Atlantic water inflow.

Beschreibung: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7

Sprache: Englisch

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Presence of a resident species aids invader evolution (2022)

Lachapelle, Josianne ; Bestion, Elvire ; Jackson, Eleanor E. ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-27

Beschreibung: Interactions between phytoplankton species shape their physiological and evolutionary responses. Yet, studies addressing the evolutionary responses of phytoplankton in changing environments often lack an explicit element of biotic interactions. Here, we ask (1) how the presence of a locally adapted phytoplankton species will affect an invading phytoplankton species' evolutionary response to a physiologically challenging environment; (2) whether this response is conserved across environments varying in quality; and (3) which traits are associated with being a successful invader under climate change scenarios. In a conceptual first step to disentangle these broad questions, we experimentally evolved populations of fresh‐ and seawater phytoplankton in a novel salinity (the freshwater green algae Chlamydomonas in salt water, and the marine Ostreococcus in freshwater), either as mono‐cultures (colonizers) or as co‐cultures (invaders: invading a novel salinity occupied by a resident species, for example, Chlamydomonas invading salt water occupied by resident Ostreococcus) for 200 generations. We superimposed a temperature treatment (control (22°C), mild warming (26°C), drastic warming (32°C), and fluctuating (22°C/32°C) warming) as a representative aspect of climate change with the potential to ameliorate or deteriorate existing environmental conditions. Invaders had systematically lower extinction rates and evolved overall higher growth rates, as well as broader salinity and temperature preferences than colonizers. The invading species' evolutionary responses differed from those of colonizers in a replicable way across environments of differing quality. The evolution of small cell size and high reactive oxygen species tolerance may explain the invaders' higher fitness under the scenarios tested here.

Beschreibung: British Ecological Society http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000409

Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6884040

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; phytoplankton ; salinity change ; biotic interaction

Sprache: Englisch

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Transformation of dissolved organic matter by two Indo‐Pacific sponges (2022)

Hildebrand, Tabea ; Osterholz, Helena ; Bunse, Carina ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-27

Beschreibung: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the largest organic carbon reservoir in the ocean and an integral component of biogeochemical cycles. The role of free‐living microbes in DOM transformation has been studied thoroughly, whereas little attention has been directed towards the influence of benthic organisms. Sponges are efficient filter feeders and common inhabitants of many benthic communities circumglobally. Here, we investigated how two tropical coral reef sponges shape marine DOM. We compared bacterial abundance, inorganic and organic nutrients in off reef, sponge inhalant, and sponge exhalant water of Melophlus sarasinorum and Rhabdastrella globostellata. DOM and bacterial cells were taken up, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen was released by the two Indo‐Pacific sponges. Both sponge species utilized a common set of 142 of a total of 3040 compounds detected in DOM on a molecular formula level via ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry. In addition, species‐specific uptake was observed, likely due to differences in their associated microbial communities. Overall, the sponges removed presumably semi‐labile and semi‐refractory compounds from the water column, thereby competing with pelagic bacteria. Within minutes, sponge holobionts altered the molecular composition of surface water DOM (inhalant) into a composition similar to deep‐sea DOM (exhalent). The apparent radiocarbon age of DOM increased consistently from off reef and inhalant to exhalant by about 900 14C years for M. sarasinorum. In the pelagic, similar transformations require decades to centuries. Our results stress the dependence of DOM lability definition on the respective environment and illustrate that sponges are hotspots of DOM transformation in the ocean.

Beschreibung: Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg

Beschreibung: Ministry for Science and Culture of Lower Saxony http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010570

Beschreibung: Carl‐von‐Ossietzky University Oldenburg

Beschreibung: Alfred‐Wegener‐Institute, Helmholtz‐Center for Polar and Marine Research

Beschreibung: Volkswagen Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001663

Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.m0cfxpp6v

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; Indo-Pacific sponges ; dissolved organic matter ; biogeochemical cycles

Sprache: Englisch

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Nutrient co‐limitation in the subtropical Northwest Pacific (2021)

Browning, Thomas J. ; Liu, Xin ; Zhang, Ruifeng ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-04-04

Beschreibung: Nutrients limiting phytoplankton growth in the ocean are a critical control on ocean productivity and can underpin predicted responses to climate change. The extensive western subtropical North Pacific is assumed to be under strong nitrogen limitation, but this is not well supported by experimental evidence. Here, we report the results of 14 factorial nitrogen–phosphorus–iron addition experiments through the Philippine Sea, which demonstrate a gradient from nitrogen limitation in the north to nitrogen–iron co‐limitation in the south. While nitrogen limited sites responded weakly to nutrient supply, co‐limited sites bloomed with up to ~60‐fold increases in chlorophyll a biomass that was dominated by initially undetectable diatoms. The transition in limiting nutrients and phytoplankton growth capacity was driven by a gradient in deep water nutrient supply, which was undetectable in surface concentration fields. We hypothesize that this large‐scale phytoplankton response gradient is both climate sensitive and potentially important for regulating the distribution of predatory fish.

Beschreibung: National Natural Science Foundation of China http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809

Schlagwort(e): ddc:577.7 ; ddc:550.724

Sprache: Englisch

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