ALBERT

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Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS: List of figures. - List of plates. - List of tables. - Acknowledgements. - Preface. - Itinerary for Canadian portion of tour. - GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA. - Physiography and geology. - Quaternary geology. - Northern Yukon Territory and Mackenzie Delta. - Cordilleran Ice Sheet. - Montane glaciers of the southern Ogilvie Ranges. - Correlation and chronology. - Laurentide Glaciation. - Climate. - The Mackenzie Basin. - Northern Yukon. - Soils. - Distribution in the permafrost regions of Canada. - Distribution in Northwestern Canada. - Spil properties. - Patterned Ground Morphology. - Soil Texture and Rate of Decomposition. - Moisture and Ice Ccontent. - Soil Temperatures. - Micromorphology. - Cryoturbation. - Permafrost. - Distribution. - Thickness. - Active layer. - Ground ice. - Permafrost and climate change. - Vegetation. - Agriculture. - Overview. - Yukon. - Northwest Territories. - Forest resources. - Mining and exploration. - Overview. - Yukon. - Northwest Territories. - DESCRIPTION OF SOIL STOPS AND POINTS OF INTEREST. - Site 1, KM 4: Permafrost soil developed on organic terrain. - Organic soils in the Mackenzie Valley. - Mesic organic cryosol (Polygonal peat plateau). - Micromorphology. - Soil Temperature and Moisture. - Snow Depth, Active Layer Depth and Subsidence. - Site 2, KM 36: Permafrost soil developed on earth hummocks. - Orthic turbic cryosol, Peaty phase. - Micromorphology. - Soil Temperature and Moisture. - Snow Depth, Active Layer Thickness and Subsidence. - Site 3: Soil and permafrost development on recent alluvium. - Ecology of the Mackenzie Delta. - Mackenzie Delta ecosystems, Bonbardier Channel. - Site 4: Mackenzie River. - Site 5, KM 30: Richardson Mountains and glacial limit. - Site 6, KM 14: AUFEIS, or icing on James Creek. - Site 7, KM 5: Solifluction Site. - Site 8, KM 0: Continental divide, NWT/Yukon border. - Site 9, KM 425: Pediments and foothills, Richardson Transect. - Micromorphology. - Site 10, KM 403: Arctic circle. - Site 11, KM 400.5: Nonsorted circles (mudboils). - Origin of mudboils. - Orthic turbic cryosol associated with strongly cryoturbated materials. - Micromorphology. - Site 12, KM 366: Eagle plain monitoring site, Dempster Highway. - Soil Temperature and Moisture. - Micromorphology. - Site 13, KM 322: Forest fire site. - Site 14, KM 259: Peel River and Ogilvie Mountains Overview. - Site 15, KM 174: Sulphur Springs. - Site 16, KM 160-180: Tors on limestone ridges. - Site 17, KM 155: Calcareous soil on mid-pleistocene drift. - Brunisolic turbic cryosol. - Micromorphology. - Site 18, KM 115.5: Open-system Pingo. - Site 19, KM 96.5: Ice-wedge Polygons. - Site 20, KM 80: Frost mounds. - Site 21, KM 80: McConnell glacial limit. - Site 22, KM 77: Nonsorted circle site. - Micromorphology. - Site 23, KM 74: Tombstone Mountain Lookout. - Site 24: Midnight Dome Lookout. - Site 25: Agriculture on permafrost-affected soil. - Site 25a: The cleared soil. - Micromorphology. - Site 25b: The forested soil. - Micromorphology. - The impact of disturbance on soil physical properties. - Site 26: Placer gold mining in the Klondike District. - Site 27: Paleosols as indicators of past climate. - Wounded moose paleosol developed on Pre-Reid gravel. - Micromorphology. - Site 28: The effect of aspect on soil development. - Site 28a: Orthic dystric Brunisol (Southeast Aspect). - Micromorphology. - Site 28b: Regosolic Turbic cryosol (Northwest Aspect). - Site 29, KM 4: Sunnydale View. - Site 30, KM 53: Unglaciated Terrain - Tors and cryoplanation terraces. - Site 31, KM 102: Solifluction lobes and soil stripes. - Site 32, KM 107: Soils associated with sorted nets. - Orthic turbic cryosol. - References. - Appendices. - Appendix 1: The Canadian sysetm of soil classification. - Appendix 2: Methods. - Appendix 3: Glossary of micromorphological terms. - Appendix 4: Scientific and common names of plant species.

Note: 1. Peierls Framework for Analysis of Dislocation Nucleation from a Crack Tip2. Advances in Characterization of Elastic-Plastic Crack-Tip Fields -- 3. Constraint and Stress State Effects in Ductile Fracture -- 4. Void Growth in Plastic Solids -- 5. Crack Blunting and Void Growth Models for Ductile Fracture -- 6. Global and Local Approaches of Fracture - Transferability of Laboratory Test Results to Components -- 7. Growth of Cracks By Intergranular Cavitation in Creep -- 8. Cracking and Fatigue in Fiber-Reinforced Metal and Ceramic Matrix Composites -- 9. Metal Fatigue - A New Perspective -- 10. Reflections on Contributions to Deformation and Fracture..

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: Contents: Introduction. - 1 Atmosphere: Origin, Composition, and Structure. - Understanding the Atmosphere. - Evolution of the Atmosphere. - Probing the Atmosphere. - Temperature Profile of the Atmosphere. - The Ionosphere and the Aurora. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: The Martian Atmosphere. - Special Topic: The Ionosphere and Radio Transmission. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 2 Radiation. - Electromagnetic Radiation. - Radiation Laws. - Input of Solar Radiation. - Solar Radiation and the Atmosphere. - The Ozone Shield. - Solar Radiation and the Earth's Surface. - Solar Radiation Budget. - Infrared Response and the Greenhouse Effect. - Radiation Measurement. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Why Is the Sky Blue?. - Special Topic: The Hazards of Sunbathing. - Weather Fact: Greenhouse Effect on Mars and Venus. - Mathematical Note: Blackbody Radiation Laws. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Quantitative Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 3 Heat and Temperature. - Distinguishing Heat and Temperature. - Temperature Scales. - Temperature Measurement. - Heat Units. - Transport of Heat. - Specific Heat. - Heating and Cooling Degree-days. - Windchill. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Temperature and Human Comfort. - Special Topic: Temperature and Crop Yields. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Quantitative Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 4 Heat Imbalances and Weather. - Heat Imbalance: Atmosphere Versus Earth's Surface. - Heat Imbalance: Variation by Latitude. - Weather: Response to Heat Imbalances. - Variation of Air Temperature. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: The Unique Thermal Properties of Water. - Special Topic: Solar Power. - Weather Fact: Why Mountaintops Are Cold. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions . - Quantitative Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 5 Air Pressure. - Defining Air Pressure. - Pressure Balance. - Variation with Altitude. - Horizontal Variations. - Highs and Lows. - Air Pressure Measurement. - Pressure Units. - The Gas Law. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Human Response to Changes in Air Pressure. - Special Topic: Altimetry. - Mathematical Note: The Gas Law. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 6 Humidity and Stability. - The Hydrologic Cycle. - How Humid Is It?. - The Saturation Concept. - Relative Humidity. - Humidification. - Humidity Measurement. - Achieving Saturation. - Atmospheric Stability. - Lifting Processes. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Humidity and Human Comfort. - Special Topic: Clouds by Mixing. - Weather Fact: The Rainiest Place on Earth. - Mathematical Note: Energy Conservation and the Dry Adiabatic Process. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Quantitative Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 7 Dew, Frost, Fog, and Clouds. - Low-Level Saturation Processes. - Cloud Development. - Classification of Clouds. - Unusual Clouds. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Freeze Prevention. - Special Topic: Jack Frost and Autumn Color. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Quantitative Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 8 Precipitation, Weather Modification, and Atmospheric Optics. - Precipitation Processes. - Forms of Precipitation. - Precipitation Measurement. - Weather Modification. - Atmospheric Optics. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: When Is It Too Cold or Too Warm to Snow?. - Special Topic: Mirages. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Quantitative Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 9 The Wind. - The Forces. - Joining Forces. - Continuity of Wind. - Scales of Weather Systems. - Wind Pressure. - Wind Measurement. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Wind Power. - Special Topic: Wind Gusts, Wind Shear, and Atmospheric Stability. - Weather Fact: The Windiest Place on Earth. - Mathematical Note: Geostrophic and Gradient Winds. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 10 Planetary-Scale Circulation. - Idealized Circulation Pattern. - Pressure Systems and Wind Belts. - Upper-Air Westerlies. - El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). - Conclusions. - Special Topic: The ENSO Event of 1982-83. - Mathematical Note: The Polar Front and the Midlatitude Jet Stream. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 11 Air Masses, Fronts, Cyclones, and Anticyclones by Patrìda M. Pauley. - Air Masses. - Frontal Weather. - Midlatitude Cyclones. - Anticyclones. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: The Case of the Missing Storm. - Mathematical Note: Vorticity. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 12 Local and Regional Circulation Systems. - Monsoons. - Land and Sea (or Lake) Breezes. - Lake-Effect Snows. - Heat Island Circulation. - Katabatic Winds. - Chinook Winds. - Desert Winds. - Mountain and Valley Breezes. - Conclusion. - Special Topic: Monsoon Failure and Drought in Sub-Saharan Africa. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 13 Thunderstorms. - Thunderstorm Life Cycle. - Thunderstorm Genesis. - Geographical Distribution. - Severe Thunderstorms. - Thunderstorm Hazards. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Lightning Safety. - Special Topic: Hail Suppression. - Weather Fact: The Rumble of Thunder. - Key Terms. - Summary Statement. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 14 Tornadoes. - Tornado Characteristics. - Distribution of Tornadoes. - Hazards of Tornadoes. - The F-Scale. - The Tornado-Thunderstorm Connection. - Tornado Look-Alikes. - Weather Radar. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Wind Profilers. - Weather Fact: Tornado Oddities. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 15 Hurricanes. - Hurricane Characteristics. - Distribution of Hurricanes. - Hazards of Hurricanes. - Life Cycle of Tropical Storms. - Hurricane Threat to the Southeast. - Hurricane Modification. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Atlantic Hurricanes and West African Rainfall. - Weather Fact: Naming Hurricanes. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 16 Weather Analysis and Forecasting. - World Meteorological Organization. - Acquisition of Weather Data. - Meteorology by Satallite. - Data Depiction on Weather Maps. - Weather Prediction. - Communication and Dissemination. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Weather Proverbs: Fact or Fiction?. - Special Topic: Aviation Weather Hazards. - Mathematical Note: Some Orbital Characteristics of Weather Satellites. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 17 Air Pollution Meteorology. - Air Pollutants. - Air Pollution Episodes. - Air Pollution's Impact on Weather. - The Ozone Shield. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: Principal Air Pollutants. - Key Terms. - Summary Statements. - Review Questions. - Questions for Critical Thinking. - Selected Readings. - 18 World Climates. - Describing Climate. - Climate Controls. - Global Patterns of Climate. - Climate Classification. - Conclusions. - Special Topic: 1816, The Year Without a Summer?. - Special Topic: Agroclimatic Compensation: The Be

Note: Contents: Primulaceae. - 1. Primula L. - 2. Androsace L. - 3. Glaux L. - 4. Lysimachia L. - Plumbaginaceae. - 1. Goniolimon Boiss. - 2. Limonium Mill. - Oleaceae. - 1. Fraxinus L. - Loganiaceae. - Buddleja L. - Gentianaceae. - 1. Centaurium Hill. - 2. Gentiana L. - 3. Nymphoides Seguier. - Apocynaceae. - 1. Apocynum L. - 2. Poacynum Baill. - Asclepiadaceae. - 1. Periploca L. - 2. Cynanchum L. - Convolvulaceae. - 1. Convovulus L. - 2. Calystegia R. Br. - 3. Cuscuta L. - Hydrophyllaceae. - 1. Phacelia Juss. - Boraginaceae. - 1. Rindera Pall. - 2. Heliotropium L. - 3. Messerschmidia L. ex Hebenstr. - 4. Symphytum L. - 5. Rochelia Reichb. - 6. Asperugo L. - 7. Gastrocotyle Bge. - 8. Nonea Medic. - 9. Lycopsis L. - 10. Heterocarpum DC. - 11. Cynoglossum L. - 12. Lappula V. Wolf. - 13. Stenosolenium Turcz. - 14. Trigonotis Stev. - 15. Lepechiniella M. Pop. - 16. Arnebia Forsk. - 17. Onosma L. - 18. Lithospermum L. - 19. Echium L. - Verbenaceae. - 1. Caryopteris Bge. - Labiatae. - 1. Amethystea L. - 2. Scutellaria L. - 3. Marrubium L. - 4. Lagopsis Bge. ex Benth. - 5. Schizonepeta (Benth.) Briq. - 6. Lallemantia Fisch. et Mey. - 7. Dracocephalum L. - 8. Nepeta L. - 9. Eremostachys Bge. - 10. Phlomis L. - 11. Leonurus L. - 12. Panzeria Moench. - 13. Lagochilus Bge. - 14. Stachys L. - 15. Charmaesphacos Schrenk. - 16. Salvia L. - 17. Clinopodium L. - 18. Ziziphora L. - 19. Hyssopus L. - 20. Thymus L. - 21. Mentha L. - 22. Lycopus L. - 23. Elsholtzia Willd. - 24. Plectranthus L'Her. - Solanaceae. - 1. Lycium L. - 2. Solanum L. - 3. Hyoscyamus L. - 4. Datura L. - Scrophulariaceae. - 1. Veronicastrum Heist. ex Farbic. - 2. Veronica L. - 3. Linaria Mill. - 4. Limosella L. - 5. Leptorhabdos Schrenk. - 6. Scrophularia L. - 7. Rehmannia Libosch. ex Fisch. et Mey. - 8. Dodartia L. - 9. Omphalothrix Maxim. - 10. Euphrasia L. - 11. Odontites Ludw. - 12. Pedicularis L. - 13. Cymbaria L. - 14. Siphonostegia Benth. - Bignoniaceae. - 1. Incarvillea Juss. - Orobanchiaceae. - 1. Orobanche L. - 2. Cistanche Hoffmg. et Link. - Lentibulariaceae. - 1. Utricularia L. - Plantaginaceae. - 1. Plantago L. - Rubiaceae. - 1. Microphysa Schrenk. - 2. Galium L. - 3. Rubia L. - 4. Leptodermis Wall. - Caprifoliaceae. - 1. Lonicera L. - 2. Viburnum L. - 3. Sambucus L. - Valerianaeceae. - 1. Patrinia Juss. - Dipsaceae. - 1. Scabiosa L. - Campanulaceae. - 1. Adenophora Fisch. - 2. Lobelia L. - Compositae. - I. Eupatorieae. - 1. Eupatorium L. - II. Asterae Cass. - 2. Heteropappus Less. - 3. Aster L. - 4. Asterothamnus Novopokr. - 5. Galatella Cass. - 6. Linosyris Cass. - 7. Arctogeron DC. - 8. Tripolium Nees. - 9. Brachyactis Ledeb. - 10. Erigeron L. - 11. Conyza L. - III. Heliantheae. - 12. Xanthium L. - 13. Siegesbeckia L. - 14. Bidens L. - IV. Anthemideae. - 15. Achillea l. - 16. Tripleuospermum Sch. Bip. - 17. Tanacetum L. - 18. Hippolytia Poljak. - 19. Cancrinia Kar. et Kir. - 20. Brachanthemum DC. - 21. Dendranthema (DC,) Des. Moul. - 22. Stilpnolepis Krasch. - 23. Ajania Poljak. - 24. Filifolium Kitam. - 25. Kaschgaria Poljak. - 26. Elachanthemum Ling et Y. R. Ling. - 27. Neopallasia Poljak. - 28. Artemisia L. - V. Senecioneae. - 29. Senecio L. - 30. Ligularia Cass. - VI. Inuleae. - 31. Karelinia Less. - 32. Filago L. - 33. Leontopodium R. Brown. - 34. Gnaphalium L. - 35. Helichrysum Mill. - 36. Inula L. - 37. Pulicaria Gaertn. - VII. Echinopsideae. - 38. Echinops L. - VIII. Cynareae. - 39. Carlina L. - 40. Tugarinovia Iljin. - 41. Arctium L. - 42. Acroptilon Cass. - 43. Cousinia Cass. - 44. Olgaea Iljin. - 45. Ancathia DC. - 46. Carduus L. - 47. Cirsium Mill. emend. Scop. - 48. Silybum Adans. - 49. Oligochaeta C. Koch. - 50. Saussurea DC. - 51. Pilostemon Iljin. - 52. Jurinea Cass. - 53. Onopordum L. - 54. Russowia C. Winkl. - 55. Plagiobasis Schrenk. - 56. Serratula L. - 57. Schischkinia Iljin. - 58. Chartolepis Cass. - 59. Stemmacantha Cass. - 60. Amberboa (Pers.) Less. - 61. Hyalea (DC.) Jaub. et Spach. - 62. Centaurea L. - 63. Carthamus L. - IX. Cichorieae. - 64. Cichorium L. - 65. Garhadiolus Jaub. et Spach. - 66. Koelpinia Pall. - 67. Heteracia Fisch. et Mev. - 68. Achyrophorus Adans. - 69. Picris L. - 70. Epilasia (Bge.) Benth. et Hook. - 71. Scorzonera L. - 72. Tragopogon L. - 73. Taraxacum Wigg. - 74. Paramicrophynchus Kirp. - 75. Sonchus L. - 76. Cephalorrhynchus Boiss. - 77. Lactuca L. - 78. Chondrilla L. - 79. Hexinia H. L. Yang, gen. nov. in Addenda. - 80. Hieracium L. - 81. Crepis L. - 82. Ixeris Cass. - 83. Youngia Cass. - Addenda Diagnoses Taxorum Novarum. , Titel und Text in chines. Schr. , Nomenclature also in Latin.

Note: Beiträge teilweise Deutsch, teilweise Englisch, teilweise Spanisch

Note: CONTENTS: Report on the 1995 activities of GRIP Operation Center (GOC). - Objective. - Kangerlussuaq (Søndre Strømfjord). - Preparation of field season. - Start of field season. - Communication. - Medevac. - Acknowledgement. - 1995 Field Season, Diary. - Maintenance / Logistics. - Bulk supplies. - Table of C130 flights. - Table of Twin Otter flights. - List of participants. - GRIP 1995 sub programs. - GRIP summaries 1989-1995. - GOC documentation 1989-1994. - Sitreps. - Daily reports from DOME GRIP. - Map of Northern Greenland. - List of GRIP addresses. - Tasks of GOC.

Note: CONTENTS: I. National Committee for Antarctic Research, and National Operating Body. - II. Map of Stations. - Ill. Permanent Observatories, Regular Observations and Long-term Monitoring. - IV. Report on Highlights of Science Activities from Previous Reporting Period (1 Oct. 93 - 31 March 94). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - V. List of Permits and Rationale for Entry into SPAs and SSSIs. - VI. Prospectus of Planned Activities for Coming Reporting Period (1 April 94 - 31 March 95). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VII. Future Activities Planned & Funded (beyond 31 March 95). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VIII. Bibliography. - IX. List of Principal Investigators and Responsible Authorities.

Note: CONTENTS: I. National Committee for Antarctic Research, and National Operating Body. - II. Map of Stations. - Ill. Permanent Observatories, Regular Observations and Long-term Monitoring. - IV. Report on Highlights of Science Activities from Previous Reporting Period (1 Oct. 91 - 31 March 92). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - V. List of Permits and Rationale for Entry into SPAs and SSSIs. - VI. Prospectus of Planned Activities for Coming Reporting Period (1 April 92 - 31 March 93). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VII. Future Activities Planned & Funded (beyond 31 March 93). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VIII. Bibliography. - IX. List of Principal Investigators and Responsible Authorities.

Note: CONTENTS: I. National Committee for Antarctic Research, and National Operating Body. - II. Map of Stations. - Ill. Permanent Observatories, Regular Observations and Long-term Monitoring. - IV. Report on Highlights of Science Activities from Previous Reporting Period (1 Oct. 90 - 31 March 91). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - V. List of Permits and Rationale for Entry into SPAs and SSSIs. - VI. Prospectus of Planned Activities for Coming Reporting Period (1 April 91 - 31 March 92). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VII. Future Activities Planned & Funded (beyond 31 March 92). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VIII. Bibliography. - IX. List of Principal Investigators and Responsible Authorities.

Note: Contents Preface Introduction The Earth as a global system Basic building blocks Introduction The atmosphere The hydrosphere The cryosphere The geosphere The biosphere Global cycles Introduction The water cycle Bio-geochemical cycles Natural changes Introduction Crucial changes on characteristic time scales The development of civilization and its consequences for the Earth system Signals from a disturbed environment Introduction The changed environment Problems caused by a growing world population The world of tomorrow Introduction Climate models and their limits Living in a greenhouse searching for traces and solutions The sciences being challenged Introduction Guidelines for a program of research into global changes Science and politics take up the challenge: International and national research programs Introduction International efforts Global Change research in Germany Acronyms and Abbreviations Bibliography: Illustrations

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Preface Nomenclature Introduction Background Scope of the study Control of river ice formation Control methods Controlled ice-cover formation for the upper Ohio River Numerical simulation of ice-cover formation Flow profile Water temperature variation Frazil ice growth Ice-cover progression Thermal growth of ice cover Numerical results Illustration of simulated ice-:over formation Ice-cover formation in the Hannibal and Montgomery pools Generalized results Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: Expression for coefficients Appendix B: Listing of computer program

Note: CONTENTS Preface Introduction Experimental equipment and methods Gas gun Snow target assembly Data acquisition Experimental procedure Measured data Stress histories Snow characterization Data analysis Recommendations Experimental methods Experimental needs Summary Literature cited Appendix A : Stress-time data plots Appendix B: Tabulated stress-time data Abstract

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift , Mit Zusammenfassung und Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache

Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary 1. lntroduction General background Previous work The Greenland Ice sheet Present work Ice core studies ll. Field procedures General background Subsurface snow laboratory Core reference datum Core handling and processing Ill. Macroscopic stratigraphy General background Polar stratigraphy General observations and results Discussion of results and conclusions above 100 m IV. Detailed stratigraphic studies General background Macroscopic stratigraphy at 100 m Results of analysis and discussion Summary and conclusions V. Oxygen isotope studies General background Previous work Deep ice core 0-isotope stratigraphy Results of analyses Summary and conclusions Vl. Chemical composition studies General background Previous work Factors influencing the chemistry of glaciers Deep core stratigraphy using chemical variations Results of analyses and discussion Summary and interpretation of the 300 m results Geochemistry of the ice sheet Results of analyses and discussion Summary and conclusions Vll. Cosmic dust studies General background Previous work Origin of extraterrestrial dust Deep ice core and near surface studies Results of analyses Discussion of results Summary and conclusions VIII. Climatological implications General background Recent history of the inland ice Past history from the deep core Summary and conclusions- IX. Summary and conclusions Discussion Post Site l deep drilling programs Selected bibliography Appendix A. Sorge's law Appendix B. Thinning of layers Appendix C. Statistical terms Appendix D. Average density determinations for meter increments from the surface to 411.21 meters , Site 2, Greenland

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD PREFACE INTRODUCTION SECTION 1: GENERAL PAPERS Case Study of a Grounded Jam; Restigouche River, New Brunswick / by S. Beltaos and B.C. Burrell Water Balance and Geochemistry Studies in a Tundra Watershed, District of Keewatin, Northwest Territories / by G.G. Bursey, T.W.D. Edwards and S.K. Frape River Icing Mounds: a Winter Water Source on the Eastern North Slope of Alaska / by E.F. Chacho, C.M. Collins, A.J. Delaney and S.A. Arcone Geochemical Evolution of Water in a Continental High Boreal Wetland Basin: Preliminary Results / by D. Craig A Physical Model of Ice Overthn.ist during the Break-Up of Intact River-Ice Covers / by M.N. Demuth and T.D. Prowse Seasonal Changes in the Hydrochemistry of Land Drainage: Colour Lake Catchment, Axel Heiberg Island, N.W.T. / by M. English, S. Schiff, M. Ecclestone, W.P. Adams, M. Hinton, L. Pezzutto, R. Elgood, C. Allan and D. Pierson Shape, Length and Flow· Conditions of Conduits at South Cascade Glacier, Washington State, U.S.A. / by A.G. Fountain CO2-Rich Ground Waters of the Flat River Valley, N.W.T. / by S.M. Hamilton, F.A. Michel and C.W. Jefferson Regional Snow Ablation in the Alaskan Arctic / by L.D. Hinzman, D.L. Kane and R.E. Giec Regionalization of Low Flows in Yukon Territory / by J.R. Janowicz Discharge Regimes of a Glacierized Basin, Slims River, Yukon / by P.G. Johnson Pulses in Glacier Discharge: Indicators of the Internal Drainage System of Glaciers / by P.G. Johnson Drainage of an Ice-Dammed Lake, Kaskawulsh Glacier Basin, Yukon / by J.N. Kasper and P.G. Johnson On Areal Distribution. of Snowcover in a Mountainous Area / by A. Killingtveit and K. Sand Hydrogeochemical Aspects of Two Selected Sites in a Fringe Zone of Discontinuous Permafrost / by Y.T.J. Kwong, D. Craig and M. Griffin Ice-Cover Growth and Freeze-Out of Solutes in a Mackenzie Delta Lake / by L.F.W. Lesack, P. Marsh and R.E. Hecky Hydrological Processes in a Small Catchment Containing a Perennial Snowbank, Melville Island, N.W.T. / by A.G. Lewkowicz and K.L. Young On Modelling Surface Meltwater Discharge from Arctic and Alpine Glaciers / by D.S. Munro A High Arctic Occurrence of Seasonal Frost Mounds / by W.H. Pollard Relationships between Snow Chemistry and Blowing Snow: Initial Findings / by J.W. Pomeroy, T.D. Davies and M. Tranter Peatlands of the Lake Melville Coastal Plain, Labrador / by J.S. Price, D.A. Maloney and F.G. Downey Constraints on the Origin of Acidity in Colour Lake, Axel Heiberg Island (79°25'N) / by S. Schiff, M. English, M. Ecclestone, R. Elgood, M. Hinton and L. Pezzutto Longitudinal Dispersion in the Ice-Covered Athabasca River / by G. Van Der Vinne and D. Andres Economic Impact of River Ice Jams in Canada / by G. Van Der Vinne, T.D. Prowse and D. Andres Estimation of Mass-Balance and Run-Off Component of Urumqi Glacier No. I from Water-Balance Analysis / by Z. Yang SECTION 2: MODELLING Interactive Modelling of Cold Regions Watersheds with SSARR / by E.A. Cassell and T. Pangburn Estimates of Evaporation in the Yukon and Northwest Territories / by J. Haas A Basin Water-Storage Model to Forecast Columbia River Discharge / by W. Tangborn Preliminary Findings from Experiments on Frazil and Anchor Ice in a Circular Flume / by G. Tsang and B. Trapp On Computer Simulation of Ice Motion in Rivers / by O.G. Vinogradov, A. Springer and P. Wierzba SECTION 3: OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS Transformation of Heavy Metals under Tidal Flows in the Severnaya Dvina Estuary / by V.F. Brekhovskikh, A.N. Malutin and M.A. Mordasov Northern River: BOD-DO Model / by V.F. Brekhovskikh and G.V. Volpian Water Storage in Alpine Glaciers (Abstract) / by M.M. Brugman Snowmelt Infiltration into Frozen Soil at Sites in the Discontinuous Permafrost Zone Near Mayo, Yukon Territory / by C.R. Bum Use of Periphyton Indices as a Biological Measure of Water Quality in Small Rivers / by E.A. Goncharevich Yukon and Northwest Territories Ground-Water Data Base / by P. Hardisty, V. Schilder, T. Dabrowski and J. Wells Some Aspects of Glacier Hydrology in China / by X. Hu and Z. Yang Modelled Estimates of Changes in the Water Balance of Forested Northern River Basins / by Yu.G. Motovilov and N.A. Nazarov Study of Surface Water Quality in the Northern Region Subject to Pollution / by A.N. Shammasov Response of Riverine and Lacustrine Biocenoses to Human Impact / by N.S. Zolotareva and M.A. Mordasov APPENDIX A: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Note: Table of Contents Introduction Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 1-11, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.01 The symposium meeting Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 13-14, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.02 Part I: Symposium Papers Introduction to Part I Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 15-16, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.03 Life in Pre-Cambrian and early Cambrian times John Watson Cowie Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 17-35, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.04 The significance of certain trace-fossil ranges Roland Goldring Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 37-39, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.05 Fluctuations in the evolution of Palaeozoic intertebrates Michael Robert House Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 41-54, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.06 The origins of some Silurian enteletacean brachiopods Victor Gordon Walmsley Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 55-56, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.07 Permo-Triassic extinction Frank Harold Trevor Rhodes Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 57-76, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.08 Changes in terrestrial vertebrate faunas during the Mesozoic C. B. Cox Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 77-89, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.09 Some Cretaceous-Tertiary marine faunal changes John Michael Hancock Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 91-104, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.10 Major features of the evolution of echinoids Graeme Maxwell Philip Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 105-106, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.11 Plant-insect relationships in Palaeozoic and later time Norman Francis Hughes and John Smart Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 107-117, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.12 Biochemical evolution and the fossil record Lambert Beverly Halstead Tarlo Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 119-132, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.13 Fossil birds and their adaptive radiation James Fisher Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 133-154, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.14 General Discussion Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 155-156, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.15 Part II: Documentation of the Fossil Record Introduction to Part II Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 158-159, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.16 Plantae Plantae N. F. H. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 162, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.17 Chapter 1 Thallophyta—1 H. P. Banks, K. I. M. Chesters, N. F. Hughes, G. A. L. Johnson, H. M. Johnson and L. R. Moore Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 163-180, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.18 Chapter 2 Thallophyta—2 M. Black, C. Downie, R. Ross and W. A. S. Sarjeant Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 181-209, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.19 Chapter 3 Bryophyta and Charophyta* L. J. Grambast and W. S. Lacey Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 211-217, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.20 Chapter 4 Pteridophyta—1 H. P. Banks, W. G. Chaloner and W. S. Lacey Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 219-231, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.21 Chapter 5 Pteridophyta—2 H. P. Banks, M. G. Collett, F. R. Gnauck and N. F. Hughes Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 233-245, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.22 Chapter 6 Gymnospermophyta K.L. Alvin, P. D. W. Barnard, T.M. Harris, N. F. Hughes, R. H. Wagner and A. Wesley Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 247-268, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.23 Chapter 7 Angiospermae K. I. M. Chesters, F. R. Gnauck and N. F. Hughes Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 269-288, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.24 Invertebrata Invertebrata M. J. S. R. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 290, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.25 Chapter 8 Protozoa F. T. Banner, W. J. Clarke, J. L. Cutbill, F. E. Eames, A. J. Lloyd, W. R. Riedel and A. H. Smout Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 291-332, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.26 Chapter 9 Porifera and Archaeocyatha R. M. Finks and D. Hill Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 333-345, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.27 Chapter 10 Coelenterata G. A. L. Johnson, I. D. Sutton, F. M. Taylor and G. Thomas Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 347-378, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.28 Chapter 11 Bryozoa G. P. Larwood, A. W. Medd, D. E. Owen and R. Tavener-Smith Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 379-395, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.29 Chapter 12 Brachiopoda D. V. Ager, P. Copper, G. M. Dunlop, G. F. Elliott, F. A. Middlemiss, A. J. Rowell, A. Williams and A. D. Wright Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 397-421, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.30 Chapter 13 Mollusca: Amphineura, Monoplacophora and Gastropoda D. Curry and N. J. Morris Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 423-430, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.31 Chapter 14 Mollusca: Cephalopoda (Nautiloidea) C.H. Holland Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 431-443, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.32 Chapter 15 Mollusca: Cephalopoda (Ammonoidea) D. T. Donovan, F. Hodson, M. K. Howarth, M. R. House, E. T. Tozer and C. W. Wright Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 445-460, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.33 Chapter 16 Mollusca: Cephalopoda (Coleoidea) D. T. Donovan and J. M. Hancock Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 461-467, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.34 Chapter 17 Mollusca: Scaphopoda and Bivalvia N. J. Morris Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 469-477, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.35 Chapter 18 Arthropoda: Protarthropoda and Trilobitomorpha J. W. Cowie, W. T. Dean, R. Goldring, W. D. I. Rolfe, A. W. A. Rushton, J. T. Temple and R. P. Tripp Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 2, 479-497, 1 January 1967, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1967.002.01.36

Note: ОГЛАВАВНИВ Введение Глава I. ИСТОРИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЕ ОБ ЭВОЛЮЦИИ AЛACOB Глава 2. ФИЗИКО-ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ Глава 3. ГЕОКРИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ Глава 4. МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ AЛACOB 4.1. Морфометрия и морфология аласов 4.2. Распространение аласов 4.3. Ориентированные аласы и их происхождение Глава 5. ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ ОТ УВЛАЖНЕННОСТИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ 5.1. О ритмичности природных процессов и явлений 5.2. Изменения суммы атмосферных осадков 5.3. Изменения обводнения аласов 5.4. Колебания уровня аласных озер за период инструментальннх наблюдений 5.5. Связь колебаний уровня озер с общей увлажненностью территории Глава 6. ОТЛОЖЕНИЯ АЛАСНЫХ ОЗЕР - ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ИСТОРИИ РАЗВИТИЯ АЛАСОВ 6.1. Методика проведенного исследования 6.2. Механизм формирования донных отложений аласных озер 6.3. Стратификация и состав донных отложений аласных озер 6.4. Спорово-пыльцевой спектр донных отложений и природные особенности прошлых эпох 6.5. Колебания уровня аласных озер за многолетний период rлава 7. НАРОДНОХО3ЯЙСТВЕННОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПРОВЕДЕННЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРА , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Contents Introduction Jurassic fossil lakes in volcanic series of the west Transbaikalian region / W. M. Scoblo Upper mesozoic lakes basins of the Central and Eastern Transbaikalian regions / J. P. Piszov Bone-bearing lake-rive facies of the upper mesozoic series of the Buryat Republic / G. A. Dmitriev and A. K. Rozdestwensky Tertiary fossil lakes of the Tunka Intermountain area (Near-Baikal region) / G. A. Dmitriev Some peculiarities of great lake basins of the Southern Siberia and Mongolia / N. A. Florensov Toreja-lakes history of the Eastern Transbaikalian region / E. I. Kornutova Sedimentation history of the Swiatoj-Nos Peninsulaisthmus (Lake Baikal) / G. A. Dmitriev Bottom sediments of the Middle- and Northern Baikal / G. S. Goldirev and L. A. Wichristjuck Middl-quaternary lake of the Chara depression (the Olekma-Witim Upland region) / A. I. Muzis Lakes extension joint-valleys of the Putoran arched uplift / W. W. Ermolov Structural and morphological peculiarities of the Nichatka-Lake depression / W. I. Galkin and N. A. Florensov Bottom-sediments biostratigraphy of the Kotokel-Lake / N. W. Korde Distribution of minor elements in strata of the Kotokel-Lake bottom-sediments / N. W. Korde, I. F. Gribowskaja and S. W. Letunova Basin morphology of some recent Transbaikalian lakes / B. F. Lut and B. P. Agafonov Morphometrikal data of the Baikal lake / E. M. Kotokolzeva Ichtyfaunas of mesozoic Siberian lakes / V. N. Jakovlev Crustaceans (Crustacea, Phyllopoda) of mesozoic Trans-Baikal lakes / S. S. Krasinetz Brief review of mesozoic floras of Eastern Siberia and Far East / A. A. Pomerantseva Fresh-water mollusks of Uglov Formation in Primorye (Pacific Coastal region) / S. M. Popova Research history of neogene fresh-water diatom seaweeds in Far East / A. I. Moiseyeva Fresh-water mollusks of Ubsanur Depression neogene series (Touvinian Autonomus Republic) / S. M. Popova Eopleistocene continental mollusks of the Anga series in South-West Baikal Adjacency area / S. M. Popova , In kyrillischer Schrift , Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Oglavlenie: Vvedenie. - 1. Obyknovennyj mineral s neobyčnymi svojstvami. - 2. Sfera snega i l'da. - 3. Moroznyj sloj atmosfery. - 4. Beloe pokryvalo planety. - 5. Snežnaja krugovert'. - 6. Snežnyj pokrov upravljaet klimatom. - 7. Massy snega na gornych sklonach. - 8. Udary po dniščam dolin. - 9. Lavinnye sobaki i sverchzvukovye samolety. - 10. Ataki l'da na rekach. - 11. Amnunna, Taryny, Naledi. - 12. L'dy pod zemlej. - 13. Po vole vetrov. - 14. - Ledovyj režim poljarnych morej. - 15. Večnye snega v podnebes'e gor. - 16. Bor'ba židkoj i tverdoj vody. - 17. Večnoe dviženie lednikov. - 18. V logove ledjanogo medvedja. - 19. Laboratorija veličinoj s kontinent. - 20. Global'nye izmenenija v "zerkale" ledjanogi kerna. - 21. Vzaimodejstvie lednikov i okeana. - 22. Prošlye oledenenija zemli. - 23. Bereč' i priumnožat' resursy snega i l'da. - 24. Buduščee prirodnoj sredy i gljaciologičeskij prognoz. - Spisok ispol'zovannoj literatury. , In kyrill. Schr.

Note: Contents: Preface. - Symbols, units and numerical values. - 1. The nature and scope of meteorology. - 1.1. Meteorology in relation to other sciences. - 1.2. Variations in space and time. - 1.3. Applied meteorology. - 2. Physical properties of the atmosphere. - 2.1. Composition of dry air. - 2.1.1. Mean molecular weight. - 2.1.2. Dissociation and ionization. - 2.1.3. Escape to space of component molecules. - 2.2. Pressure, density and temperature. - 2.2.1. Definition of pressure. - 2.2.2. Values near sea level. - 2.2.3. Variations in the vertical. - 2.2.4. Diurnal fluctuations at upper levels. - 2.2.5. Horizontal pressure gradients. - 2.3. Water vapour. - 2.3.1. Humidity mixing ratio. - 2.3.2. Density of moist air. - 2.3.3. Saturation vapour pressure. - 2.3.4. Paths leading to saturation. - 2.3.5. Measurement of vapour pressure. - 2.3.6. Distribution of water vapour. - 3. Heat transfer. - 3.1. Radiation processes. - 3.1.1. Solar radiation: its energy distribution. - 3.1.2. The solar constant. - 3.1.3. Effect of the atmosphere and earth on solar radiation. - 3.1.4. Radiation from the earth and atmosphere. - 3.2. Convection. - 3.2.1. Adiabatic temperature changes. - 3.2.2. Adiabatic equation. - 3.2.3. Potential temperature: dry adiabatic lapse rate. - 3.2.4 Saturated adiabatic lapse rate. - 3.2.5. Stability and instability. - 3.3. Heat transfer in land and sea. - 3.3.1. Heating and cooling of soil. - 3.3.2. Heating and cooling of water. - 4. Condensation and precipitation. - 4.1. Microphysical processes. - 4.1.1 Condensation nuclei. - 4.1.2. Curvature and solute effects. - 4.1.3. Water-droplet clouds. - 4.1.4. Ice nuclei. - 4.1.5. Ice-crystal clouds. - 4.1.6. Precipitation from water clouds. - 4.1.7. Precipitation from mixed clouds. - 4.1.8. Thunderstorm electricity. - 4.2. Larger-scale processes. - 4.2.1. Surface cooling. - 4.2.2. Evaporation. - 4.2.3. Vertical motion. - 4.3. Cloud observations. - 4.3.1. Cloud genera: their heights and composition. - 4.3.2. Cloud recognition and general features. - 4.3.3. Effects of vertical wind shear. - 4.3.4. Cloud classification for forecasting. - 5. The tephigram. - 5.1. Construction of the diagram. - 5.1.1. Coordinates: area and energy. - 5.1.2. Isobars. - 5.1.3. Saturation mixing ratio lines. - 5.1.4. Saturated adiabatics. - 5.1.5. Height variation. - 5.2. Simple graphical computations. - 5.2.1. Height. - 5.2.2. Humidity elements. - 5.2.3. Condensation levels. - 5.2.4. Föhn effects. - 5.3. Precipitable water and precipitation rate. - 5.3.1. Formula and calculation. - 5.3.2. Precipitation rate. - 5.3.3. Water content of convection clouds. - 5.4. The effects of vertical motion on lapse rate. - 5.4.1. Unsaturated or saturated motion. - 5.4.2. Potential (convective) instability. - 5.5. Tephigram analysis. - 5.5.1. Latent instability. - 5.5.2. Air mass characteristics. - 6. Winds. - 6.1. Laws of motion and the earth's rotation. - 6.1.1. Newton's First and Second Laws. - 6.1.2. Nature of the earth's rotation. - 6.1.3. Effects of the earth's rotation: the Coriolis force. - 6.2. Inertial flow and geostrophic winds. - 6.2.1. Nature of inertial flow. - 6.2.2. Nature of geostrophic flow. - 6.2.3. Geostrophic wind equation. - 6.2.4. Wind and pressure near the equator. - 6.3. Gradient winds. - 6.4. Winds in the friction layer. - 6.5. Thermal winds. - 6.5.1. Vertical shear vector. - 6.5.2. Temperature control of the shear vector. - 6.5.3. Thermal wind equation and thickness charts. - 6.5.4. Hodographs and temperature advection. - 6.5.5. Jet streams. - 7. Instruments and observations. - 7.1. Routine surface observations. - 7.1.1. Pressure. - 7.1.2. Temperature and humidity. - 7.1.3. Precipitation and evaporation. - 7.1.4. Wind. - 7.1.5. Clouds and visibility. - 7.1.6. Sunshine and radiation. - 7.1.7. Ship observations. - 7.2. Upper air observations. - 7.2.1. Historical. - 7.2.2. The radiosonde: radar winds. - 7.2.3. Ozone measurements. - 7.3. World Weather Watch. - 7.4. Experiments in observation and interpretation. - 7.4.1. Pressure. - 7.4.2. Temperature and humidity. - 7.4.3. Evaporation and rainfall. - 7.4.4. Wind. - 7.4.5. Radiation. - 7.4.6. Topographical influences. - 8. Synoptic Meteorology. - 8.1. The surface weather map: an introduction. - 8.1.1. The plotting code. - 8.1.2. Pressure systems and features. - 8.1.3. Air masses. - 8.1.4. Fronts. - 8.2. Air mass characteristics. - 8.2.1. Classification. - 8.2.2. Modifications. - 8.2.3. Air masses over the British Isles. - 8.3. Frontal characteristics. - 8.3.1. The stability of a frontal surface. - 8.3.2. Equilibrium slope of a frontal surface. - 8.3.3. Frontal structure. - 8.4. Frontal depressions. - 8.4.1. The life cycle of a frontal depression. - 8.4.2. Cold front waves; depression families. - 8.4.3. Warm front waves. - 8.4.4. Secondaries at points of occlusion. - 8.5. Non-frontal depressions. - 8.5.1. Heat lows. - 8.5.2. Polar lows. - 8.5.3. Orographic lows. - 8.5.4. Tropical cyclones. - 8.5.5. Tornadoes. - 8.6. Anticyclones. - 8.6.1. General characteristics. - 8.6.2. Cold and warm anticyclones. - 8.7 Synoptic development. - 8.7.1. Convergence, divergence and vertical motion. - 8.7.2. Convergence and vorticity. - 8.7.3 Long waves. - 8.7.4. Circulation indices: blocking. - 8.8. Surface analysis. - 8.8.1. General. - 8.8.2. Representativeness of observations. - 8.8.3. METMAPS. - 9. Micrometeorology. - 9.1. The nature of airflow near the ground. - 9.1.1. Wind speeds over a uniform level surface. - 9.1.2. Flow within a fluid boundary layer. - 9.1.3. Shearing stress via the mixing length concept. - 9.1.4. The friction velocity u*. - 9.1.5. Interpretation of the mixing length concept. - 9.1.6. The wind profile equation in complete form. - 9.2. The influence of surface roughness on the wind. - 9.2.1. Roughness in the aerodynamic sense. - 9.2.2. Roughness in relation to shearing stress and mean wind speed. - 9.2.3. The drag coefficient CD. - 9.2.4. CD as a transfer coefficient. - 9.2.5. Effect of a change in surface roughness. - 9.3. Vertical transport by turbulence. - 9.3.1. Flux equations; use of electrical analogy. - 9.3.2. Heat flux and other calculations. - 9.3.3. Vertical temperature gradients in relation to turbulent exchange. - 10. The general circulation. - 10.1. General characteristics. - 10.1.1. Genesis and interactions. - 10.1.2. Time fluctuations. - 10.2. Observations. - 10.2.1. Time- and space-averaging. - 10.2.2. Tracers. - 10.3. Experiment and theory. - 10.3.1. The rotating vessel experiment. - 10.3.2. Conservation principles. - 10.3.3. Cellular models. - 10.4. Climatic zones. - 11. Weather forecasting. - 11.1. Historical survey. - 11.1.1. 1860-1920. - 11.1.2. 1920-1945. - 11.1.3. 1945-1960. - 11.1.4. 1960 onwards. - 11.2. Conventional forecasting. - 11.2.1. Pressure tendency. - 11.2.2. Making the forecast. - 11.3. Long-range forecasting. - 11.3.1. Statistical methods. - 11.3.2. Synoptic methods. - 11.3.3. Analogues. - 11.4. Numerical forecasting. - 11.4.1. The barotropic model. - 11.4.2. Later developments. - 11.5. Predictability and control. - 11.5.1. Short-range predictability. - 11.5.2. Medium-range predictability. - 11.5.3. Long-range predictability: climatic trends. - 11.5.4. Weather and climate modification. - Answers to Problems. - Subject Index. - The Wykeham Series.

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: Nr. 1 Untersuchung der Polarisation und anderer Eigenschaften der langperiodischen Mikroseismik von Uwe Walzer (1969) , Nr. 2 Durchführung spezieller geophysikalischer Analogieexperimente und ihre Deutung von Horst Hänsel und Hans-Joachim Wilke (1969) , Nr. 3 Zur Einwirkung der Stativelastizität auf Amplituden und Phasen von Schwerependeln von Claus Elstner (1969)

Note: Contents: XVth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, Paris, 19-20 October 1989. Recommendation XV-1. Comprehensive measures for the protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems. - Opening statement by the President of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) / R. M. Laws. - Presentation by the President of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) / R. M. Laws. - Report on the XIth Antarctic Treaty Special Consultative Meeting by the SCAR observer / W. N. Bonner. - Interim Report of the XIth Antarctic Treaty Special Consultative Meeting.

Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.

Note: CONTENTS: Preface. - Dedication. - List of Contributors. - 1. Exine ultrastructure in the spores of enigmatic Devonian plants: its bearing on the interpretation of relationships and on the origin of the sporophyte / A. R. Hemsley. - 2. A review of Mesozoic megaspore ultrastructure / W. L. Kovach. - 3. Tests and applications of a method of quantitative analysis of fossil and extant lycopsid megaspore walls / W. A. Taylor. - 4. Exospore ultrastructure in Carboniferous sphenopsids / B. Lugardon and C. Brousmiche Delcambre. - 5. Comparative ultrastructure of living and fossil matoniaceous spores (Pteridophyta) / J. H. A. Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert and M.H. Kurmann. - 6. Ultrastructure of Teickertospora torquata (Higgs) from the Late Devonian: oldest saccate palynomorph / C. B. Foster and B.E. Balme. - 7. Comparative ultrastructure of fossil gymnosperm pollen and its phylogenetic implications / J. M. Osborn and T. N. Taylor . - 8. Pollen morphological diversity in extant and fossil gymnosperms / M. H. Kurmann and M. S. Zavada. - 9. Ultrastructure of pollen from Cretaceous angiosperm reproductive structures / K. R. Pedersen, E. M. Friis and P. R. Crane. - 10. Ultrastructure and relationships of mid-Cretaceous polyforate and triporate pollen from Northern Gondwana / J. V. Ward and J. A. Doyle. - 11. Pollen ultrastructure of Pandanaceae and the fossil genus Pandaniidites / C. L. Hotton, H. A. Leffingwell and J. J. Skvarla. - 12. Relationship between Propylipollis annularis (Tertiary dispersed pollen) and extant Xylomelum (Proteaceae) / L. A. Milne. - Taxonomic Index.

Note: 1 INTRODUCTION 9 --- 1.1 General Remarks 11 --- 1.2 Remote Sensing and Forest Damage 11 --- 1.3 Aerial and terrestrial Inventory 13 --- 2 COLOUR-INFRARED FILM 15 --- 2.1 General characteristics of films 17 --- 2.1.1 Film structure and dimensions 17 --- 2.1.2 Image structure characteristics 17 --- 2.1.3 Sensitometric characteristics 17 --- 2.1.4 Other characteristics 19 --- 2.2 Film material 19 --- 2.2.1 Characteristics of KODAK Aerochrome II Infrared 2443 (second edition) 19 --- 2.2.1.1 Properties 19 --- 2.2.1.2 Film handling and processing for small format cameras 21 --- 2.2.1.3 Control and standardisation of colour quality 21 --- 2.2.2 Characteristics of KODAK Aerochrome II Infrared Special Order 134 22 --- 2.2.3 Characteristics of other CIR- film material 22 --- 2.3 General recommendations 22 --- 2.3.1 Storage of unexposed films 22 --- 2.3.2 Processing of exposed film 23 --- 2.3.3 Clearance 23 --- 2.3.4 Storage of the aerial photographs and organisation of a library 23 --- 3 FLIGHT PARAMETERS 25 --- 3.1 Preliminary remarks 27 --- 3.2 Equipment and Material 27 --- 3.2.1 The aircraft 27 --- 3.2.2 The camera 27 --- 3.3 Pre-flight planning and flight conditions 29 --- 3.4 Call for tenders and the contract for the aerial photography 31 --- 4 INVENTORY CONCEPT 35 --- 4.1 Preliminary remarks 37 --- 4.2 Selection criteria foran inventory concept 37 --- 4.3 Systematics for forest damage inventories 38 --- 4.4 Inventory concepts for inventories on a regional or countrywide scale 38 --- 4.4.1 One-stage sampling 39 --- 4.4.2 Multistage Sampling 39 --- 4.4.2.1 Sample Level: Aerial photography 39 --- 4.4.2.2 Sample Level: Aerial photographs to be evaluated 41 --- 4.4.2.3 Sample Level: Sample points to be selected 42 --- 4.4.2.4 Sample Level: Selection of trees 43 --- 4.5 Inventories for forest districts or local areas 44 --- 4.5.1 One-stage sampling 44 --- 4.5.2 Two-stage sampling 46 --- 4.6 Assessment and monitoring of permanent test sites and specific stands 47 --- 4.6.1 General remarks 47 --- 4.6.2 Inventory concept 47 --- 4.6.3 How to find the test site in aerial photographs 47 --- 4.6.4 General evaluation techniques 48 --- 4.6.5 Application of terrestrial photographs 49 --- 4.6.6 The application of remote sensing to the intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems (Level 2 Programme) 50 --- 4.6.6.1 Description of each option 50 --- 4.6.6.2 Repetition 53 --- 4.6.6.3 Output 53 --- 4.6.6.4 Critical review of aerial photography versus terrestrial survey 54 --- 5 PHOTOINTERPRETATION 57 --- 5.1 Interpretation of CIR aerial photographs for the assessment of forest conditions 59 --- 5.1.1 Preliminary-remark 59 --- 5.1.2. Requirements 59 --- 5.1.3 Applicability 60 --- 5.1.4 Construction of Interpretation Keys 60 --- 5.1.5 Main criteria of classification 60 --- 5.1.5.1 Crown thinning characteristics 60 --- 5.1.5.2 Chlorosis characteristics 61 --- 5.1.5.3 Special characteristics 61 --- 5.1.6 Verification and adjustment 62 --- 5.1.7 Glossary 62 --- 5.2 Interpretation Keys for the assessment of crown condition of European tree species 65 --- 5.2.1 Interpretation Key for Norway Spruce (Picea abies) 65 --- 5.2.2 Interpretation Key for Beech (Fagus sylvatica) 77 --- 5.2.3 Interpretation Key for Oak (Quercus robur, Quercus petrea) 85 --- 5.2.4 Interpretation Key for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) 93 --- 5.2.5 Interpretation Key for Silver Fir (Abies alba) 103 --- 5.2.6 Interpretation Key for Turkey Oak (Quercus cerris) 111 --- 5.2.7 Interpretation Key for European Chestnut (Castanea sativa) 117 --- 5.2.8 Interpretation Key for Holm Oak (Quercus ilex) 123 --- 5.2.9 Interpretation Key for Machia 129 --- 5.2.10 Interpretation Key for Umbrella Pine (Pinus pinea) 135 --- 5.2.11 Interpretation Key for Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis) 141 --- 5.2.12 Interpretation Key for Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) 147 --- 5.2.13 Interpretation Key for Black Pine (Pinus nigra, var.austriaca) 153 --- 5.2.14 Interpretation Key for Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contorta) 157 --- 5.2.15 Interpretation Key for Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis) 163 --- 5.2.16 Interpretation Key for European Larch (Larix decidua) 169 --- 5.2.17 Interpretation Key for Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) 175 --- 5.3 Interpretation Key for stand damage levels in medium scaled CIR- aerial photographs. 181 --- 5.4 Interpretation key for determining the natural age class of forest stands 185 --- 5.5 Compilation of additional Interpretation Keys 193 --- 5.6 Requirement profile for aerial photograph - interpreters and their training 194 --- 5.7 Preparation of interpretation work 195 --- 5.8 Conduction of interpretation work 196 --- 5.8.1 Perception and interpretation of aerial photographs 196 --- 5.8.2 Control check of the interpretation 197 --- 5.9 Visual interpretation versus densitometric measurement 198 --- 5.10 Interpretation instruments 198 --- 6 STATISTICS 201 --- 6.1 Statistical analysis 203 --- 6.1.1 Selection of single trees 203 --- 6.1.2 Selection of trees on sample plots 204 --- 6.1.3 Confidence intervals for more than 2 classes 204 --- 6.1.4 Sample size for estimating proportions 205 --- 6.2 Estimation of changes over time 206 --- 6.2.1 Overlap of confidence intervals 206 --- 6.2.2 Proportion of plots or trees without any change 207 --- 6.2.3 Change matrices 207 --- 6.2.4 Coefficients of agreement 208 --- 6.3 Spatial statistics 210 --- 6.4 Statistical software 210 --- 7 Bibliography 211

Note: Contents: Introduction. - Legend. - Chapter 1. Basic Directions of Snow and Ice Thermal Physics Study. - 1. Analysis of traditional theoretical and experimental methods. - 2. New methodological point of view on the thermal physics of snow-ice masses. - 3. Conditions of initial data. - 4. Complex heat transfer within the system "space-atmosphere-earth surface". - 5. Optical and thermophysical properties of snow and ice. - Chapter 2. General Statement of the Problem of Radiative Thermophysics. - 1. Absorption and scattering of light in optical-heterogeneous media. - 2. Optical phenomenological models and parameters of radiation transfer in light-scattering media (LSM). - 3. Distribution of absorbed radiation flux in the unlimited layer of LSM. - 4. Optical models and snow and ice characteristics as LSM ones. - 5. Influence of boundary conditions upon thermal regime of lightscattering snow-ice layer. - 6. Statements of basic problems of radiative thermal physics of snow and ice. - Chapter 3. Thermal Regime of Snow-Ice Cover. - 1. Estimation of heat processes characteristics of snow-ice covers. - 2. Oscillating external sources. - 3. Radiative-conductive mechanism of snow and ice heating. - 4. Thermal regime of combined snow-ice layers. - 5. Melting in snow-ice media under conditions of radiative heat transfer. - 6. Thermo-radiative heating and balance of the upper part of active layer of antarctic snow-ice covers. - Chapter 4. The Model of Metamorphic Evolution of Snow and Ice. - 1. Influence of radiation fluxes upon icy crystals of snow cover. - 2. Mechanism of sublimation under forming of snow cover. - 3. Phenomenological picture of sublimation in snow medium. - 4. The model of radiative-thermal regime under sublimation. - 5. Thermal regime of snow and ice under conditions of evaporation and condensation. - 6. On nature of snow and ice metamorphism. - Chapter 5. Radiative Thermophysics of Snow-Ice Masses in Practical utilization. - 1. Heat regime of snow-ice cover under thermoregulative film. - 2. Influence upon surface melting of glaciers. - 3. Antarctic experiments on artificial increase of ablation. - 4. Artificial increase of ablation control. - 5. Ecological aspects of artificial increase of ablation. - 6. Cooling in polar regions. - Chapter 6. Thermophysics of Antarctic Lakes. - 1. Natural conditions of oases. - 2. Types of antarctic lakes. - 3. One-dimensional heat problem. - 4. Simplification of the model. - 5. Thermal regime of fresh and saline lakes. - 6. Phenomenon of fresh-saline stratified lakes. - 7. Stationary model including mass transfer. - 8. Thermal regime of fresh-saline lake Vanda. - Chapter 7. Space Glaciology. - 1. Ice in Solar system. - 2. Radiative thermophysics of ice under cosmic conditions. - 3. Ice of cometary nuclei. - 4. Heat-balance models of 'radiative thermophysics of cometary nuclei. - Conclusion. - References. - Index. , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Beilage unter dem Titel: SCAR : Wissenschaftliches Komitee für Antarktisforschung , Beilage unter dem Titel: Deutsche Mitglieder in SCAR-Gruppen = German members in SCAR Groups , Beilage unter dem Titel: Corrigendum / German Antarctic Research Report to SCAR, No. 12 - 1990 , Beilage unter dem Titel: SCAR Bulletin : No. 99, October 1990 ; Stations of SCAR nations operating in the Antarctic, winter 1990 , CONTENTS: I. National Committee for Antarctic Research, and National Operating Organization/Agency. - II. Map of Stations. - Ill. Permanent Observatories, Regular Observations and Long-term Monitoring. - IV. Report on Highlights of Science Activities from Previous Reporting Period (1 Oct. 89 - 31 March 90). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences. - V. List of Permits and Rationale for Entry into SPAs and SSSIs. - VI. Prospectus of Planned Activities for Coming Reporting Period (1 April 90 - 31 March 91). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences. - VII. Future Activities Planned & Funded (beyond 31 March 91). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences. - VIII. Bibliography. - IX. List of Principal Investigators and Responsible Authorities.

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction. - 2. Background. - 2.1. Polar research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - 2.2. Previous research at "Georg von Neumayer". - 3. Reasons for a replacement station. - 4. Plans for the removal of "Georg von Neumayer". - 5. The new research station "Neumayer". - 5.1. Building operation. - 5.1.1. Planned construction site and operational phase. - 5.1.2. Supply vessel, building machinery and fuel. - 5.1.3. Building camp and waste management. - 5.2. Description of the new station. - 5.2.1. Station design. - 5.2.2. Energy generation and fuel storage. - 5.2.3. Waste management. - 5.2.4. Alternative energy. - 6. Description of the environment. - 6.1. Regional characteristics. - 6.2. Characteristics of Atka Bay. - 6.2.1. Physical conditions. - 6.2.2. Biological conditions. - 7. Consideration of potential environmental impacts. - 7.1. Building operation. - 7.2. Future operation of the station. - 8. Conclusion. - 9. References.

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitende Übersicht 2. Nationale und internationale Zusammenarbeit 3. Forschungsarbeiten - Expeditionen 3.1 Antarktisexpedition X/2-8 3.2 Arktisexpedition IX 3.3 Antarktisexpedition Xl 3.4 Landexpedition Sibirien 4. Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Sektionen 4.1 Biologie I (Zoologie) 4.2 Biologie II (Botanik und Mikrobiologie) 4.3 Chemie 4.4 Geologie 4.5 Geophysik 4.6 Physik des Ozeans und der Atmosphäre I 4.7 Physik des Ozeans und der Atmosphäre II 4.8 Meeresphysik und Meßwesen 4.9 Forschungsstelle Potsdam 5. Ausgewählte Forschungsthemen Die Entwicklung von Kaltwasser-Makroalgen Die Biodiversität des antarktischen Benthos Weddellrobben - Tieftaucher in der Hochantarktis Die weltweit verbreitete Planktonalge Phaeocystis: Untersuchungen zu physiologischen und molekularen Unterschieden Die Entwicklung von Algen- und Bakteriengemeinschaften im Meereis Zooplanktonkot in der Arktis: Nahrungsgrundlage im Pelagial oder Transportvehikel bei der Sedimentation? Stimuliert ein globaler Anstieg des Kohlendioxids die marine Primärproduktion? Die Beziehung zwischen Huminstoffen und Aminosäuren in polaren Gewässern Die Ozonverteilung in der Atmosphäre über dem Atlantik Pinatubo-Aerosole und polare stratosphärische Wolken Spurengas-Messungen in der arktischen Stratosphäre während der Polarnacht Die mittleren vertikalen Ozonverteilungen über Arktis und Antarktis Eisbewegung und Subglazialtopographie im Umfeld der Schirmacheroase, Ostantarktis Umweltgeschichte der kontinentalen Ostantarktis - aufgezeichnet in Seesedimenten Das antarktische Meereis und seine Verbreitung in geologischer Vorzeit-Rekonstruktion und Modellierung Kalt- und Warmzeiten im Südatlantik anhand benthischer Foraminiferen Terrigener Sedimenteintrag im östlichen Arktischen Ozean Mineralbildung in Sedimenten und Böden der Permafrostzone Seismische Untersuchungen im eurasischen Becken (Arktischer Ozean) Untersuchungen zum Massenhaushalt des Inlandeises in Nordostgrönland Wassermassenbildung im Storfjord - ein Modell arktischer Schelfgebiete Atmosphärische Rollenkonvektion in der Framstraße ERS-l Radaraufnahmen des antarktischen Meereises Der Einfluß von Algen auf die physikalischen Prozesse im Meereis: ein Modell Die Bestimmung der Zirkulation im Weltmeer aus hydrographischen Daten Auswirkungen der Tiefenwasserproduktion auf die Zirkulation des Nordatlantik Infrarot-Zeilenkamera zur verbesserten Meereisfernerkundung LlDAR-Gerät zur Beobachtung fluoreszierender Stoffe im Meer Untersuchung der durch das Ozonloch verursachten UV-B Belastung auf Produktion und Artenzusammensetzung des Phytoplanktons 6. Logistik 7. Zentrale Einrichtungen 7.1 Öffentlichkeitsarbeit 7.2 Bibliothek 7.3 Rechenzentrum 8. Personeller Ausbau und Haushaltsentwicklung 8.1 Personal 8.2 Haushalt Anhang I Personal II Wissenschaftliche Veranstaltungen III Publikationen des Instituts IV Veröffentlichungen der Mitarbeiter V Abgeschlossene Examensarbeiten VI "Polarstern"-Expeditionen , Contents 1. Introductory Overview 2. International and National Cooperation 3. Research Projects - Expeditions 3.1 ANT X/2-8 3.2 ARK IX 3.3 ANT XI 3.4 Land Expedition to Siberia 4. Scienlific Work of the Sections 4.1 Biology I (Zoology, Ecophysiology and Macroalgae Ecology) 4.2 Biology II (Botany and Microbiology) 4.3 Chemistry 4.4. Geology 4.5 Geophysics and Glaciology 4.6 Physics of the Ocean and Atmosphere I 4.7 Physics of the Ocean and Atmosphere II 4.8 Marine Physics and Instrumentation 4.9 Potsdam Research Unit 5. Selected Research Topics The Evolution of cold-water macroalgae Antarctic Benthos Biodiversity Weddell Seals - deep divers in the High Antarctic The Cosmopolitan Planktonic Alga Phaeocystis: investigations into physiological and molecular differences Development of algal and bacterial communities in sea ice Zooplankton Faeces in Arctic Waters: Food for the Pelagic System or Transport Vehicle for Sedimenting Matter? Does the Global C02 Increase Stimulate Marine Primary Production? Relationship between Humic Substances and Amino Acids in Polar Waters The Ozone Distribution in the Atmosphere over the Atlantic Ocean Pinatubo Aerosols and Polar Stratospheric Clouds.. Measurement of Trace Gases in the Arctic Stratosphere during the Polar Night The Mean Vertical Distributions of Ozone above the Arctic and Antarctic Ice Movement and Sub-glacial Topography in the Vicinity of the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctic The Environmental History of the Continental East Antarctic as Recorded in Lake Sediments The Antarctic Sea Ice and its Extent in Geologically Prehistoric Times - Reconstruction and Modelling Benthic Foraminifera- Indicators of Glacial and Interglacial Climate in the South Atlantic Ocean Terrigenous Sediment Supply to the Eastern Arctic Ocean Mineral Formation in the Sediments and Soils of the Permafrost Zone Seismic Investigations in the Eurasian Basin (Arctic Ocean) Investigations into the Mass Balance of the Inland Ice in Northeast Greenland Water Mass Formation in the Storfjord - a Model of Arctic Shelf Regions Atmospheric Roll-Convection in the Fram Strait ERS-1 Radar Images of the Antarctic Sea Ice The Influence of Algae on the Physical Processes in Sea Ice: a Model Estimation of the Global Ocean Circulation from Hydrographic Measurements Influence of Deep Water Production on the North Atlantic General Circulation Infrared Line Scanner for Improved Remote Sensing of Sea Ice The LIDAR Instrument for Observation of Fluorescent Matter in the Ocean lnvestigation of the UV-B Impact on Phytoplankton Production and Species Composition 6. Logistics 6.1 Polar Stations 6.2 Research Vessels "Polarsten" and "Victor Hensen" 6.3 Polar Aircraft and Helicopters 6.4 General Logistics 7. Central Services 7.1 Press and Public Relations 7.2 Library 7.3 Computer Centre 8. Personnel Expansion and Budget Development 8.1 Personnel 8.2 Budget Annex I. Personnel II. Scientific Events Ill. Publications of the Institute IV. Publications by Members of Staff V. Completed Theses and Dissertations VI. "Polarstern" Expeditions

Note: CONTENTS Preface Nomenclature Introduction Mathematical formulation Limiting cases of the governing equations Nondimensionalization scheme Numerical solutions and comparison to experiments Unconstrained Coulomb flow model with constant bed friction Unconstrained Coulomb flow with boundary drag term Conclusions and remarks Literature cited Abstract

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In polnischer Sprache