ALBERT

Note: Contents: 1. Bioeconomy Strategies ; 2. Development of Second-Generation Biorefineries ; 3. Biorefineries: Industry Status and Economics ; 4. Sustainability Considerations for the Future Bioeconomy ; 5. Biomass Supply and Trade Opportunities of Preprocessed Biomass for Power Generation ; 6. Commodity-Scale Biomass Trade and Integration with Other Supply Chains ; 7. Commoditization of Biomass Markets ; 8. Transition Strategies: Resource Mobilization Through Merchandisable Feedstock Intermediates ; Conclusions

Note: Introduction: understanding Arctic change through assessmentsAnd stakeholder engagement / Adam Stepien, Paula Kankaanpaa and Timo Koivurova -- The making of a coherent Arctic policy for the European Union : anxieties, contradictions and possible future pathways / Adam Stepien and Timo Koivurova -- Climate change in the Arctic / Mikko Strahlendorff, Sebastien Duyck, Johan Gille, Anastasia Leonenko, Timo Koivurova, Marie-Theres von Schickfus, Adam Stepien and Jennie Thomas -- Changes in Arctic maritime transport / Gunnar Sander, Johan Gille, Adam Stepien, Timo Koivurova, Jennie Thomas, Jean-Claude Gascard and Debra Justus -- Changing nature of Arctic fisheries / Sigmar Arnarsson and Debra Justus -- Arctic offshore hydrocarbons and the European Union : more constraints and less opportunities / Michal Luszczuk, Debra Justus, Jennie Thomas, Chris Klok and Federica Gerber -- Mining in the European Arctic / Kim van Dam, Annette Scheepstra, Johan Gille, Adam Stepien and Timo Koivurova -- Activities affecting land use in the European Arctic / Kirsi Latola, Simo Sarkki, Adam Stepien and Mikko Jokinen -- Socioeconomic and cultural changes in the European Arctic / Adam Stepien, Karolina Banul, Annette Scheepstra, Kim van Dam, Kirsi Latola and Timo Koivurova -- European Arctic initiatives : capacities, gaps and future opportunities / Lize-Marie van der Watt, Arne Riedel, Bjorn Dahlback, Elizabeth Tedsen, Kamil Jagodzinski and Paula Kankaanpaa -- Role and effectiveness of assessments in policy-making : on the importance of the process / Malgorzata Smieszek, Karolina Banul, Paula Kankaanpaa, Timo Koivurova, Pamela Lesser and Adam Stepien -- Conclusion: the region of uncertainty - arctic change and possible pathways for the EU / Adam Stepien, Timo Koivurova and Paula Kankaanpaa..

Note: Text englisch, Zusammenfassung englisch und deutsch

Note: Text englisch mit englischer und deutscher Zusammenfassung

Note: Contents: Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Urban systems; 2. Models and methods; 3. The spatial organization of cities; 4. Infrastructure networks; 5. Mobility patterns; 6. Multimodality in cities; 7. Socio-economical aspects; 8. Systems of cities; 9. Towards a new science of cities; References; Index

Note: Contents: Part One: Why Great Companies Can Fail ; 1 How can great firms fail? Insights from the Hard Disk Drive industry ; 2 Value networks and the impetus to innovate ; 3 Disruptive technological change in the mechanical excavator industry ; Part Two: Managing Disruptive Technological Change ; 5 Give responsibility for disruptive technologies to organizations whose customers need them ; 6 Match the size of the organization to the size of the market ; 7 Discovering new and emerging markets ; 8 How to appraise your organization's capabilities and disabilities ; 9 Performance provided, market demand, and the product life cycle ; 10 Managing disruptive technological change: a case study ; 11 The dilemma of innovation: a summary

Note: Contents: 1. Energy Governance — A Key Challenge in the Era of Globalization ; PART I FOUNDATIONS ; 2. Germany’s ‘Energiewende’: What Can Environmental Law Scholarship Learn From it? ; 3. Ten Good Practices in Environmental Constitutionalism that can Contribute to Sustainable Shale Gas Development ; 4. Human Rights versus Human Needs: Debating the Language for Universal Access to Modern Energy Services ; 5. Using Social Science Perspectives on Risk to Implement an Environmental Justice Analysis ; 6. Scaling Up Local Solutions: Creating an Enabling Legal Environment for the Deployment of Community-Based Renewable Microgrids ; 7. Innovative Financing for Renewable Energy ; PART II EXPERIENCES ; 8. Energy and Smart Cities — Perspectives from a City-State, Singapore ; 9. Judicial Perspectives on Renewable Energy and Climate Change Governance ; 10. A Reflection on Some Legal Aspects of Decision Control in the Energy Transition Process: A Comparison of France and Germany ; 11. Learning from Europe: Some Ideas for the Energy Improvement of the US Existing Building Stock ; 12. Sustainable Sewage PART III GOVERNANCE GAPS ; 13. Environmentally Displaced Persons in the Niger Delta: Challenges and Prospects ; 14. Agriculture, Energy and Development: An Uneasy Relationship ; Index

Note: Contents: Part I By Stephen M. Gardiner 1. How Will We be Remembered? ; 2. Betraying the Future ; 3. Who Are We and What Do We Want? ; 4. Justice vs. Extortion Part II By David A. Weisbach ; 5. Introduction to Part II ; 6. Climate Policy and Self-Interest ; 7. The Role of Claims of Justice in Climate Change Policy ; 8. Summing Up ; Part III Responses ; 9. 'The Feasible is Political' ; 10. Weisbach Responds to Gardiner

Note: Cover; Contents; List of Tables; List of Figures; Acknowledgements; List of Abbreviations/Glossary; Preface; Introduction; Chapter 1 Producing Performance; Chapter 2 Selling Performance; Chapter 3 Managing Performance Over Time; Chapter 4 Sustainability and the Performance Economy; Notes; References; Index.

Note: Contents: Overview ; 1 From Climate Change to Poverty and Back: A Framework ; 2 Bad Seed: Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security ; 3 Threat Multiplier: Climate Change, Disasters, and Poor People ; 4 Under the Weather: Climate Change, Health, and the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty ; 5 Lend a Hand: Poor People, Support Systems, Safety Nets, andInclusion ; 6 A Window of Opportunity: Climate-Informed Development and Pro-Poor Climate Policies

Note: Zusammenfassungen in deutscher und englischer Sprache

Note: Chapter 1. Introduction: An Overview of Crisis Communication -- Part I. The Role of Communication in Fostering Resilience or Fomenting Resistance -- Chapter 2. Revisiting Crisis Communication and Integrating Social Media -- Chapter 3. Polluted Discourse:  Communication and Myths in a Climate of Denial -- Chapter 4. Public Perceptions of Global Warming: Understanding Survey Differences -- Chapter 5. Building Interfaces that Work: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach to Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation -- Part II. Before Disaster: Prediction, Preparation and Crisis Communication -- Chapter 6. Fostering Resilience in the Face of an Uncertain Future: Using Scenarios Planning to Communicate Climate Change Risks and Collaboratively Develop Adaptation Strategies -- Chapter 7. Barriers to Using Climate Information: Challenges in Communicating Probabilistic Forecasts to Decision Makers -- Chapter 8. Modeling Climate-Sensitive Disease Risk: A Decision Support Tool for Public Health Services -- Chapter 9. Shallow Landslide Hazard Mapping for Davao Oriental, Philippines Using a Deterministic GIS Model -- Part III. Mitigating Circumstances: Communicating Through Change, Uncertainty, Disaster and Recovery -- Chapter 10. Comparative Analysis of Virtual Relief Networks and Communication Channels During Disaster Recovery After a Major Flood in Galena, Alaska, Spring 2013 -- Chapter 11. Development of the Stakeholders’ Engagement Plan as a Mining Social Responsibility Practice -- Chapter 12. Controlling Environmental Crisis Messages in Uncontrollable Media Environments: The 2011 Case of Blue-Green Algae on Grand Lake O’ the Cherokees, OK -- Chapter 13. Characteristics of Extreme Monsoon Floods and Local Land Use in the Lower Mekong Basin, Cambodia -- Chapter 14. The Value of Earth Observations: Methods and Findings on the Value of Landsat  Imagery -- Part IV. Learning Forward: Advancing Climate Change Science Among Diverse Audiences -- Chapter 15. Carbon Offsets in California: Science in the Policy Development Process -- Chapter 16. Fostering Educator Resilience: Engaging the Educational Community to Address the Natural Hazards of Climate Change -- Chapter 17. Communicating Uncertainty: A Challenge for Science Communication -- Chapter 18. Science Diplomacy in the Geosciences -- Chapter 19. Stormy Seas, Rising Risks: Assessing Undisclosed Risk from Sea Level Risk and Storm Surge at Coastal U.S. Oil Refineries..

Note: Contents: 1: A functional approach to biological diversity ; 2: Trait-based ecology: definitions, methods, and a conceptual framework ; 3: The functional characterisation of plants ; 4: Gradients, response traits, and ecological strategies ; 5: A functional approach to plant community structure ; 6: Plant traits and ecosystem properties ; 7: Functional diversity and ecosystem services ; 8: Functional diversity in agriculture: the cases of grasslands and crop weeds ; 9: Managing functional diversity data ; 10: Perspectives for functional diversity research

Note: Why agent-based modelling is useful for economists -- Starting agent-based modelling -- Heterogeneous demand -- Social demand -- Benefits of barter -- The market -- Labour market -- International trade -- Banking -- The tragedy of the commons.

Note: Contents: i The Problem wirh Homo economicus ; ii A Constitution for Knaves ; Moral Sentiments and Material Interests ; iv Incentives as Information ; v A Liberal Civic Culture ; vi The Legislators Dilemma ; vii A Mandate for Aristotle's Legislator

Note: Contents 1 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Permanent Versus Temporary Threshold Shifts and the Effects of Hair Cell Versus Neuronal Degeneration / M. Charles Liberman 2 Modeled and Measured Underwater Sound Isopleths and Implications for Marine Mammal Mitigation in Alaska / Lisanne A.M. Aerts and Bill Streever 3 Peer-Reviewed Studies on the Effects of Anthropogenic Noise on Marine Invertebrates: From Scallop Larvae to Giant Squid / Natacha Aguilar de Soto 4 Sources of Underwater Sound and Their Characterization / Michael A. Ainslie and Christ A.F. de Jong 5 Assessment of Marine Mammal Impact Zones for Use of Military Sonar in the Baltic Sea / Mathias H. Andersson and Torbjörn Johansson 6 Contribution to the Understanding of Particle Motion Perception in Marine Invertebrates / Michel André, Kenzo Kaifu, Marta Solé, Mike van der Schaar, Tomonari Akamatsu, Andreu Balastegui, Antonio M. Sánchez, and Joan V. Castell 7 Functional Morphology and Symmetry in the Odontocete Ear Complex / William Ary, Ted W. Cranford, Annalisa Berta, and Petr Krysl 8 A Low-Cost Open-Source Acoustic Recorder for Bioacoustics Research / John Atkins and Mark Johnson 9 Assessment of Impulsive and Continuous Low- Frequency Noise in Irish Waters / Suzanne Beck, Joanne O’Brien, Simon Berrow, Ian O’Connor, and Dave Wall 10 Is the Venice Lagoon Noisy? First Passive Listening Monitoring of the Venice Lagoon: Possible Effects on the Typical Fish Community / Marta Bolgan, Marta Picciulin, Antonio Codarin, Riccardo Fiorin, Matteo Zucchetta, and Stefano Malavasi 11 Effect of Pile-Driving Sounds on the Survival of Larval Fish / Loes J. Bolle, Christ A.F. de Jong, Stijn M. Bierman, Pieter J.G. van Beek, Peter W. Wessels, Ewout Blom, Cindy J.G. van Damme, Hendrik V. Winter, and René P.A. Dekeling 12 Challenge of Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring in High-Energy Environments: UK Tidal Environments and Other Case Studies / Cormac G. Booth 13 Hearing Mechanisms and Noise Metrics Related to Auditory Masking in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) / Brian K. Branstetter, Kimberly L. Bakhtiari, Jennifer S. Trickey, and James J. Finneran 14 Effects of Hatchery Rearing on the Structure and Function of Salmonid Mechanosensory Systems / Andrew D. Brown, Joseph A. Sisneros, Tyler Jurasin, and Allison B. Coffin 15 Effects of Impulsive Pile-Driving Exposure on Fishes / Brandon M. Casper, Thomas J. Carlson, Michele B. Halvorsen, and Arthur N. Popper 16 Review of the Effects of Offshore Seismic Surveys in Cetaceans: Are Mass Strandings a Possibility? / Manuel Castellote and Carlos Llorens 17 Addressing Challenges in Studies of Behavioral Responses of Whales to Noise / Douglas H. Cato, Rebecca A. Dunlop, Michael J. Noad, Robert D. McCauley, Eric Kniest, David Paton, and Ailbhe S. Kavanagh 18 Measurements of Operational Wind Turbine Noise in UK Waters / Samuel Cheesman 19 A Bioenergetics Approach to Understanding the Population Consequences of Disturbance: Elephant Seals as a Model System / Daniel P. Costa, Lisa Schwarz, Patrick Robinson, Robert S. Schick, Patricia A. Morris, Richard Condit, Daniel E. Crocker, and A. Marm Kilpatrick 20 Singing Fish in an Ocean of Noise: Effects of Boat Noise on the Plainfin Midshipman (Porichthys notatus) in a Natural Ecosystem / Sarika Cullis-Suzuki 21 Detection of Complex Sounds in Quiet Conditions by Seals and Sea Lions / Kane A. Cunningham, Brandon L. Southall, and Colleen Reichmuth 22 Offshore Dredger Sounds: Source Levels, Sound Maps, and Risk Assessment / Christ A.F. de Jong, Michael A. Ainslie, Floor Heinis, and Jeroen Janmaat 23 Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on the Early Life Stages of Dicentrarchus labrax / Elisabeth Debusschere, Bert de Coensel, Sofie Vandendriessche, Dick Botteldooren, Kris Hostens, Magda Vincx, and Steven Degraer 24 The European Marine Strategy: Noise Monitoring in European Marine Waters from 2014 / René Dekeling, Mark Tasker, Michael Ainslie, Mathias Andersson, Michel André, Fabrizio Borsani, Karsten Brensing, Manuel Castellote, John Dalen, Thomas Folegot, Sandra van der Graaf, Russell Leaper, Alexander Liebschner, Jukka Pajala, Stephen Robinson, Peter Sigray, Gerry Sutton, Frank Thomsen, Stefanie Werner, Dietrich Wittekind, and John V. Young 25 Potential Population Consequences of Active Sonar Disturbance in Atlantic Herring: Estimating the Maximum Risk / Lise Doksæter Sivle, Petter Helgevold Kvadsheim, and Michael Ainslie 26 Fulfilling EU Laws to Ensure Marine Mammal Protection During Marine Renewable Construction Operations in Scotland / Sarah J. Dolman, Mick Green, Sarah Gregerson, and Caroline R. Weir 27 Expert Elicitation Methods in Quantifying the Consequences of Acoustic Disturbance from Offshore Renewable Energy Developments / Carl Donovan, John Harwood, Stephanie King, Cormac Booth, Bruno Caneco, and Cameron Walker 28 Masking Experiments in Humans and Birds Using Anthropogenic Noises / Robert J. Dooling and Sandra H. Blumenrath 29 Documenting and Assessing Dolphin Calls and Ambient and Anthropogenic Noise Levels via PAM and a SPL Meter / Kathleen M. Dudzinski, Kelly Melillo-Sweeting, and Justin D. Gregg 30 Soundscapes and Larval Settlement: Larval Bivalve Responses to Habitat-Associated Underwater Sounds / David B. Eggleston, Ashlee Lillis, and DelWayne R. Bohnenstiehl 31 Characterizing Marine Soundscapes / Christine Erbe, Robert McCauley, and Alexander Gavrilov 32 Pile-Driving Noise Impairs Antipredator Behavior of the European Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax / Kirsty A. Everley, Andrew N. Radford, and Stephen D. Simpson 33 Using Reaction Time and Equal Latency Contours to Derive Auditory Weighting Functions in Sea Lions and Dolphins / James J. Finneran, Jason Mulsow, and Carolyn E. Schlundt 34 Does Primary Productivity Turn Up the Volume? Exploring the Relationship Between Chlorophyll a and the Soundscape of Coral Reefs in the Pacific / Pollyanna I. Fisher-Pool, Marc O. Lammers, Jamison Gove, and Kevin B. Wong 35 Expert Elicitation of Population-Level Effects of Disturbance / Erica Fleishman, Mark Burgman, Michael C. Runge, Robert S. Schick, and Scott Kraus 36 Current Status of Development of Methods to Assess Effects of Cumulative or Aggregated Underwater Sounds on Marine Mammals / Erica Fleishman, Bill Streever, Robyn Angliss, Christopher W. Clark, William T. Ellison, Adam Frankel, Jason Gedamke, Matthias Leu, Megan McKenna, Roberto Racca, Samantha Simmons, and Robert Suydam 37 Seismic Survey Footprints in Irish Waters: A Starting Point for Effective Mitigation / Thomas Folegot, Dominique Clorennec, Gerald Sutton, and Mark Jessopp 38 Stochastic Modeling of Behavioral Response to Anthropogenic Sounds / Adam S. Frankel, William T. Ellison, Kathleen J. Vigness-Raposa, Jennifer L. Giard, and Brandon L. Southall 39 Underwater Sound Levels at a Wave Energy Device Testing Facility in Falmouth Bay, UK / Joanne K. Garrett, Matthew J. Witt, and Lars Johanning 40 Predicting Anthropogenic Noise Contributions to US Waters / Jason Gedamke, Megan Ferguson, Jolie Harrison, Leila Hatch, Laurel Henderson, Michael B. Porter, Brandon L. Southall, and Sofie Van Parijs 41 Auditory Sensitivity and Masking Profiles for the Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris) / Asila Ghoul and Colleen Reichmuth 42 Are Masking-Based Models of Risk Useful? / Robert C. Gisiner 43 “Large” Tank Acoustics: How Big Is Big Enough? / Michael D. Gray, Peter H. Rogers, Arthur N. Popper, Anthony D. Hawkins, and Richard R. Fay 44 High-Resolution Analysis of Seismic Air Gun Impulses and Their Reverberant Field as Contributors to an Acoustic Environment / Melania Guerra, Peter J. Dugan, Dimitri W. Ponirakis, Marian Popescu, Yu Shiu, Aaron N. Rice, and Christopher W. Clark 45 Underwater Sound Propagation Modeling Methods for Predicting Marine Animal Exposure / Craig A. Hamm, Diana F. McCammon, and Martin L. Taillefer 46 Investigating the Effect of Tones and Frequency Sweeps on the Collective Behavior of Penned Herring (Clupea harengus) / Nils Olav Handegard, Kevin Boswell, Alex de Robertis, Gavin John

Note: Contents Preface 1 Introduction to Ice Drilling Technology 1.1 Ice Drilling Targets and Aims 1.2 Structure of Ice Sheets and Glaciers 1.3 Classification of Ice Drilling Methods References 2 Yearly History of Ice Drilling from Nineteeth to the First Half of Twentieth Century References 3 Direct-Push Drilling 3.1 Drive Sampling 3.1.1 Basic Principles 3.1.2 Mt. Rose Sampler 3.1.3 Utah Snow Sampler 3.1.4 Federal Snow Sampler 3.1.5 Bowman Sampler 3.1.6 Rosen Sampler 3.1.7 Large Diameter Snow Samplers 3.1.8 Vibratory Drill 3.2 Penetrative Testing 3.2.1 Ski Pole Penetrometer 3.2.2 Ram Penetrometer 3.2.3 Snow Resistograph 3.2.4 Digital Thermo-Resistograph 3.2.5 Snow Micro-Penetrometer 3.2.6 SABRE Probe 3.2.7 Cone Penetrometer Testing 3.3 Summary References 4 Hand- and Power-Driven Portable Drills 4.1 Noncoring Augers 4.1.1 SFFEL Noncoring Auger 4.1.2 SIPRE/CRREL Ice Thickness Kit 4.1.3 Kovacs Ice Thickness Kit 4.1.4 AARI Portable Sled-Mounted Drilling Rig 4.1.5 Handheld Coal-Boring Augers 4.1.6 Ice Augers for Winter Fishing 4.2 Noncoring “Piston” Drill 4.3 Core Augers. 4.3.1 General Principles 4.3.2 SFFEL Auger 4.3.3 SIPRE Auger 4.3.4 CRREL Auger 4.3.5 Rand Auger 4.3.6 Big John 12″ Auger 4.3.7 PICO Lightweight Auger 4.3.8 Kovacs Auger 4.3.9 IGAS Hand Auger 4.3.10 Swiss Hand Auger 4.3.11 UCPH Hand Auger 4.3.12 “Prairie Dog” Auger 4.3.13 “Sidewinder” 4.3.14 IDDO Hand Auger 4.4 Core Drills with Teeth and Annular Bits 4.4.1 Taku Glacier Hand Drill 4.4.2 Canadian Portable Ice Drill 4.4.3 Tsykin’s Hand Drill 4.4.4 5th CAE Drill 4.4.5 Ice Core Drill with Annular Bit PI-8 4.5 Mini Drills 4.5.1 Livingston Island Mini Drill 4.5.2 Chipmunk Drill 4.6 Summary References 5 Percussion Drills 5.1 Cable-Tool Drill Rigs 5.1.1 IGAS Cable-Tool Rig 5.1.2 Cable-Tool of California Institute of Technology 5.1.3 Star Iron Works Cable-Tool 5.2 Pneumatic Drills 5.3 Rotary-Percussion Drills 5.4 Summary References 6 Conventional Machine-Driven Rotary Drill Rigs 6.1 Dry Drilling 6.1.1 Expéditions Polaires Françaises in Greenland 6.1.2 Baffin Island Expedition 6.1.3 Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition 6.1.4 Mirny Station, Antarctica 6.2 Auger Drilling 6.2.1 Mirny Station, Antarctica 6.2.2 McMurdo Station, Antarctica 6.2.3 Amundsen–Scott Station, South Pole 6.2.4 Subglacial Lake Ellsworth Camp 6.3 Commercial Drill Rigs for Ice Fishing 6.4 Air Rotary Drilling 6.4.1 Mirny, Antarctica 6.4.2 Site 2, Greenland 6.4.3 Byrd Station, Antarctica 6.4.4 Little America V, Antarctica 6.4.5 Franz Josef Land, Russian Arctic 6.4.6 Base Roi Baudouin, Antarctica 6.5 Rotary Drilling with Fluid Circulation 6.5.1 Taku Glacier, Alaska 6.5.2 Mer de Glace, French Alps 6.5.3 South Leduc Glacier, British Columbia 6.5.4 McMurdo Station, Antarctica 6.6 Wire-Line Drills 6.6.1 International Antarctic Glaciological Project, East Antarctica 6.6.2 Ross Ice Shelf Project 6.6.3 Base Druzhnaya, Antarctica 6.6.4 Black Rapids Glacier, Alaska 6.6.5 Isua Greenstone Belt, Southwestern Greenland 6.6.6 Foremore Glacier, British Columbia, Western Canada 6.6.7 Rapid Access Ice Drill (RAID) 6.6.8 Agile Sub-ice Geological (ASIG) Drill 6.7 Drilling in Rock Glaciers 6.7.1 Overview of Projects Using Conventional Drilling Equipment 6.7.2 Koci Drill 6.8 Summary References 7 Flexible Drill-Stem Drill Rigs 7.1 Rapid Shallow Drill Rigs 7.2 Rapid-Access Drill Rigs 7.2.1 Thermomechanical Drill 7.2.2 Coiled-Tubing Drill Rigs 7.2.3 RADIX 7.2.4 SUBGLACIOR Drilling Probe 7.3 Summary References 8 Cable-Suspended Electromechanical Auger Drills 8.1 Basic Principles 8.2 University of Iceland (UI) Drill 8.3 University of Bern (UB) Drills 8.3.1 Rufli Drill 8.3.2 Further Improved UB Drills 8.4 CRREL Drill 8.5 Institute of Low Temperature Science (ILTS) Drills 8.5.1 First Prototypes 8.5.2 ID-140 Drill 8.5.3 ILTS-140 Drill 8.5.4 MID-140 Drill 8.5.5 Portable ILTS-130 and -100 Drills 8.5.6 ILTS-130E(F) and ILTS-150 Drills 8.5.7 New Portable ILTS Drill 8.6 University of Copenhagen (UCPH) Drill 8.7 Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement (LGGE) Drills 8.8 National Hydrology Research Institute (NHRI) Drill 8.9 Polar Ice Coring Office (PICO) 4″ Drill 8.10 Alfred-Wegener Institute (AWI) Drills 8.11 Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition (ANARE) Drill 8.12 BZXJ Drills 8.13 Geo Tecs Drills 8.13.1 Geo Tecs Prototype Shallow Drill 8.13.2 Further Improvements 8.13.3 Field Testing and Operations 8.14 Hilda/Simon/Eclipse Drills 8.14.1 Hilda/Simon Drills 8.14.2 Eclipse Drill 8.14.3 Field Testing and Coring 8.14.4 Badger-Eclipse Drill 8.15 Byrd Polar Research Center (BPRC) Drills 8.16 British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Drills 8.16.1 BAS/IMAU Drill 8.16.2 Rapid-Access Isotope Drill 8.17 FELICS Drills 8.17.1 3″ Drill 8.17.2 “Backpack Drill” 8.18 Blue Ice Drill (BID) 8.18.1 BID General Fescription 8.18.2 Operation and Performance 8.18.3 BID-Deep System 8.19 Summary References 9 Cable-Suspended Electromechanical Drills with Bottom-Hole Circulation 9.1 CRREL Electromechanical Drill 9.1.1 Drilling Equipment 9.1.2 Camp Century, Greenland 9.1.3 Byrd Station, Antarctica 9.2 ISTUK Drill 9.2.1 Drill System 9.2.2 Dye 3, Greenland (GISP) 9.2.3 Summit, Greenland (GRIP) 9.2.4 Law Dome, Antarctica 9.3 LGGE Electromechanical Drills 9.4 PICO-5.2″ Electromechanical Drill 9.4.1 Drill System 9.4.2 Summit, Greenland (GISP2) 9.4.3 Taylor Dome, Antarctica 9.4.4 Siple Dome, Antarctica 9.5 KEMS Electromechanical Drill 9.5.1 Drill System 9.5.2 Severnaya Zemlya, Russian Arctic 9.5.3 Vostok Station, Antarctica 9.6 JARE Electromechanical Drill 9.6.1 Drill System 9.6.2 Preliminary Tests 9.6.3 First Deep Ice Coring Project at Dome F, Antarctica 9.6.4 Second Deep Ice Coring Project at Dome F, Antarctica 9.6.5 Kunlun Station (Dome A), Antarctica 9.7 Hans Tausen (HT) Electromechanical Drill and Its Modifications 9.7.1 Basic Drill System 9.7.2 Hans Tausen Ice Cap, Greenland 9.7.3 NorthGRIP, Greenland 9.7.4 EPICA Dome C, Antarctica 9.7.5 EPICA-DML, Kohnen Station, Antarctica 9.7.6 Berkner Island, Antarctica 9.7.7 Talos Dome, Antarctica (TALDICE) 9.7.8 Flade Isblink Ice Cap, Greenland 9.7.9 NEEM Deep Ice Core Drilling, Greenland 9.7.10 James Ross Island, Antarctica 9.7.11 Fletcher Promontory, Antarctica 9.7.12 Roosevelt Island, Antarctica 9.7.13 NEEM, Greenland (UCPH Intermediate-Depth Ice Core Drilling System) 9.7.14 Aurora Basin North, Antarctica 9.7.15 Renland Ice Cap, Greenland 9.7.16 Summit, Greenland (IDDO Intermediate-Depth Drill) 9.7.17 South Pole, Antarctica (SPICE) 9.8 IDRA Drill 9.9 DISC Electromechanical Drill 9.9.1 Drill System 9.9.2 Field Testing at Summit, Greenland 9.9.3 WAIS Divide, Antarctica 9.9.4 Replicate Coring, WAIS Divide, Antarctica 9.10 IBED Drill 9.11 Summary References 10 Drilling Challenges and Perspectives for Future Development 10.1 Low-Temperature Drilling Fluids 10.1.1 Drilling Fluid Compositions 10.1.2 ESTISOL™ 240/COASOL™ Drilling Fluid 10.1.3 ESTISOL™ 140 Drilling Fluid 10.1.4 Low-Molecular Weight Dimethyl Siloxane Oils 10.1.5 Low-Molecular Weight Esters 10.1.6 Kerosene-Based Drilling Fluids Mixed with Fourth-Generation Foam-Expansion Agents 10.2 Ice Drilling Under Complicated Conditions 10.2.1 Permeable Snow-Firn 10.2.2 Brittle Ice Zone 10.2.3 Warm Ice 10.2.4 Debris-Containing Ice 10.2.5 Bedrock 10.2.6 Elimination of Sticking Drills 10.3 Advanced Drilling Systems 10.3.1 Rapid-Access Ice Drilling Systems for Subglacial Bedrock Drilling 10.3.2 Sidewall Drilling 10.3.3 Automated Drilling Systems References Appendix A: Records of Mechanical Drilling in Ice Appendix B: Abbreviations of Institutes, Organizations, and Projects

Note: Contents 1 The Protein Data Bank 2 Seeing Is Believing: Methods of Structure Solution 3 Visualizing the Invisible World of Molecules 4 The Twists and Turns of DNA 5 The Central Dogma 6 The Secret of Life: The Genetic Code 7 Evolution in Action 8 How Evolution Shapes Proteins 9 The Universe of Protein Folds 10 Order and Chaos in Protein Structure 11 Molecular Electronics 12 Green Energy 13 Peak Performance 14 Cellular Signaling Networks 15 GPCRs Revealed 16 Signaling with Hormones 17 Single-Molecule Chemistry: Enzyme Action and the Transition State 18 Seven Wonders of the World of Enzymes 19 Building Bodies 20 Coloring the Biological World 21 Amazing Antibodies 22 Attack and Defense: Weapons of the Immune System 23 Reconstructing HIV Erratum

Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.

Note: Content Foreword Preface 1 – The PERMAFrance network 1.1 – Objectives 1.2 – Structure and partners 1.3 – Monitoring sites 2 – Permafrost in the French mountains 2.1 – Distribution of permafrost in France 2.2 – Monitoring sites 3 – Weather and climate 3.1 – Climatic trends of the last 4 decades 3.2 – Annual weather summary 2002-2009 3.3 – Summary of nivo-meteorological conditions 4 – Surface temperature on surficial deposits 4.1 – BTS datasets 4.2 – GST datasets 5 – Geodetic measurements and surface dynamics of rock glaciers 5.1 – GPS & total station 5.2 – LIDAR 6 – Rockfalls and evolution of rockfaces 6.1 – LiDAR datasets for rockwalls in the Mont Blanc massif 6.2 – Rockfall inventories in the Mont Blanc massif 7 – References / Bibliographie , In englischer und französischer Sprache

Note: Contents Part I Unraveling Microbial Diversity and Their Processes Phagotrophic Protists: Central Roles in Microbial Food Webs / Evelyn B. Sherr and Barry F. Sherr Overview Protists as Elemental Recyclers Protists as Consumers of Bacteria Protists as Consumers of Phytoplankton Protists in High Latitude Food Webs Looking to the Future References Drivers That Structure Biodiversity in the Plankton / Tatiana A. Rynearson and Susanne Menden-Deuer Plankton Biodiversity Alternate Hypotheses That Explain the Paradox of the Plankton An Organismal Perspective on the Paradox of the Plankton: A Biodiversity Explosion from Within? Linking Individual Level Behaviors with Plankton Ecology Pervasive Intra-specific Variability in the Genetic Diversity, Physiological Capacity, and Behavioral Repertoire of Plankton Evolution: Generating and Structuring Diversity over the Long Term Opportunities for Progress References The Elongated, the Squat and the Spherical: Selective Pressures for Phytoplankton Shape / Lee Karp-Boss and Emmanuel Boss Introduction Effects of Shape on Diffusion Other Selective Pressures References Crossing the Freshwater/Saline Barrier: A Phylogenetic Analysis of Bacteria Inhabiting Both Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems / Mina Bižić-Ionescu and Danny Ionescu Introduction Recent Data on Shared Taxa Synthesis of Published Sequence Data Future Perspectives References Approaches and Challenges for Linking Marine Biogeochemical Models with the “Omics” Revolution / Victoria J. Coles and Raleigh R. Hood Introduction Bridging the Cultural and Structural Divide Relating Existing Omics to Current Biogeochemical Models Near-Term Innovation Conclusions References Part II Viewing Growth and Trophodynamics Through a Stoichiometric Lens Out of Africa and into Stoichiometry / Susan S. Kilham and Peter Kilham References Exploring the Implications of the Stoichiometric Modulation of Planktonic Predation / Aditee Mitra and Kevin J. Flynn Introduction Characterising the Predator–Prey Stoichiometric Link Elemental Stoichiometry and Commercial Microalgal Production Effects of Temperature, Ocean Acidification and Nutrient Excess Avoiding Predation Stoichiometry and Mixotrophy Conclusions References . Part III Understanding the Mysteries of Light and Nitrogen On Saturating Response Curves from the Dual Perspectives of Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Metabolism / Todd M. Kana and Patricia M. Glibert Introduction Static vs. Dynamic Behavior Gradient Signals and Dynamics of Response Curves Overall Perspective on Dynamic Kinetics References Nitrate Reductase: A Nexus of Disciplines, Organisms, and Metabolism / Erica B. Young and John A. Berges Introduction Why Nitrate Reductase? Understanding That Has Emerged from Recent NR Measurements Recent Advances and Emerging Challenges Conclusion References The Ammonium Paradox of an Urban High- Nutrient Low-Growth Estuary / Frances Wilkerson and Richard Dugdale High-Nutrient Low-Growth Estuaries and Oligotrophication Observation of an Ammonium Paradox Ammonium: The Gatekeeper Controlling Access to Nitrate References Why Is Planktonic Nitrogen Fixation So Rare in Coastal Marine Ecosystems? Insights from a Cross-Systems Approach / Roxanne Marino and Robert W. Howarth References Where Light and Nutrients Collide: The Global Distribution and Activity of Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layers / Greg M. Silsbe and Sairah Y. Malkin At the Confluence of Light and Nutrients Distribution of Marine SCMLs Phytoplankton Production in SCMLs Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layers in Lakes References Part IV Looking in the Rear View Mirror: The Long View on Changing Ecosystems An Ecosystem in Transition: The Emergence of Mixotrophy in the Arabian Sea / Joaquim I. Goes and Helga do R. Gomes Introduction Materials and Methods Results and Discussion References The Saint Lawrence Island Polynya: A 25-Year Evaluation of an Analogue for Climate Change in Polar Regions / Jacqueline M. Grebmeier and Lee W. Cooper Introduction Synthesis Results and Discussion The Northern Bering Sea: Interannual Variability and Change Benthivores Overall Summary References Ecological Processes and Nutrient Transfers from Land to Sea: A 25-Year Perspective on Research and Management of the Seine River System / Josette Garnier and Gilles Billen Introduction 1850–1990: Organic Pollution and Oxygen 1990–2000: Eutrophication and Algal Bloom 2000–2015: Agricultural Pollution and Nitrate Contamination Conclusion: From Microbial Ecology to Territorial Biogeochemistry References A Historical Perspective on Eutrophication in the Pensacola Bay Estuary, FL, USA / Jane M. Caffrey and Michael C. Murrell Introduction Pensacola Bay Physical Setting Human Colonization of Pensacola Bay River and Estuarine Water Quality Controls on Primary Production, Organic Matter, and Nutrient Cycling Summary References Unpublished Reports Websites Meeting in the Middle: On the Interactions Between Microalgae and Their Predators or Zooplankton and Their Food / Karen H. Wiltshire and Maarten Boersma Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion References Lake Transparency: A Window into Decadal Variations in Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations in Lakes of Acadia National Park, Maine / Collin Roesler and Charles Culbertson Introduction Methods Results Discussion References Part V Focusing on Unique Systems, Processes and Dynamics Phytoplankton Biodiversity in the Oligotrophic Northwestern Sargasso Sea / James L. Pinckney and Tammi L. Richardson Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion References Biological Oceanography of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia: A Review / Peter C. Rothlisberg and Michele A. Burford Introduction Study Area Currents and Hydrography Phytoplankton and the Role of Nutrients Zooplankton Penaeid Prawn Larval Ecology Larval Dispersal Mechanisms Summary Points References Discerning the Causes of Toxic Cyanobacteria (Lyngbya majuscula) Blooms in Moreton Bay, Australia / Judith M. O’Neil and William C. Dennison Introduction Nutrient Interactions Light Interactions Conceptual Model Broader Significance References Copepod, Ctenophore, and Schyphomedusae Control in Structuring the Chesapeake Bay Summer Mesohaline Planktonic Food Web / Kevin G. Sellner and Stella G. Sellner Introduction Methods Results and Discussion References Microbiogeochemical Ecophysiology of Freshwater Hydrothermal Vents in Mary Bay Canyon, Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park WY / Carmen Aguilar and Russell Cuhel Introduction Methods Big Picture Outcomes Closing Remarks References Index

Note: Contents Part I Plenary Talk 1 Putting Sensory Back into Voluntary Motor Control / Stephen H. Scott 2 Is Visual Processing in Primates Strictly Hierarchical? / Mark A.G. Eldridge, Samarth Chandra and Barry J. Richmond 3 Self-organization of a Second Kind: General Scope and a Cortical Case Study / Ichiro Tsuda 4 Toward Autonomous Intelligence: From Active 3D Vision to Invariant Object and Scene Learning, Recognition, and Search / Stephen Grossberg 5 The Cognitive Control of Goal-Directed Action: How Predictive Learning Affects Choice / Bernard W. Balleine 6 Functional Connectivity Mapping of Decision-Making in Drosophila Melanogaster / Aike Guo, Ke Zhang, Q.Z. Ren, H.F. Su and N.N. Chen 7 Neurodynamics of Decision-Making—A Computational Approach / Azadeh Hassannejad Nazir and Hans Liljenström 8 Brain Pattern Analysis Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Dewen Hu 9 Dopamine Prediction Errors and the Relativity of Value / Masamichi Sakagami and Shingo Tanaka 10 The Neural Mechanism of Direction- and Orientation-Selective Neurons for Processing Direction, Speed, and Axis of Motion in Early Visual Cortices / Hongliang Gong, Xu An, Liling Qian, Jiapeng Yin, Yiliang Lu and Wei Wang Part II Neural Dynamics in Motor and Sensory Systems 11 Stability and Flexibility During Human Motor Control / Taishin Nomura, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Chunjiang Fu, Naoya Yoshikawa, Ken Kiyono, Maura Casadio and Pietro Morasso 12 Context-Dependent Human Motor Memories: Function, Implementation, and Manipulation / Daichi Nozaki 13 A Model of Gait Cycle Variability During Human Walking / Chunjiang Fu, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Ken Kiyono and Taishin Nomura 14 Coordinate Systems in the Motor System: Computational Modeling and EEG Experiment / Hirokazu Tanaka, Makoto Miyakoshi and Scott Makeig 15 Simulation Study on Neuromuscular Model-Inspired Control Strategy for Variable Stiffness Actuators / Jun Zhu, Yu Wang and Heng Cao 16 Changes in the Inner Gene Expression of Lateral Olivocochlear Receptors After the Loss of the Descending Cortical Pathway / Miguel A. Merchan, Veronica Lamas and Jose Manuel Juiz 17 Effect of Parvalbumin Deficiency on Distributed Activity and Interactions in Neural Circuits Activated by Instrumental Learning / Agnès Gruart, José Maria Delgado-García and Alessandra Lintas 18 Dynamic Patterns of Cortical Activation During Different Types of Learning Tasks and Unpredictable Situations / José M. Delgado-García, Raudel Sánchez-Campusano, Iván Fernández-Lamo and Agnès Gruart 19 The Application of Spatiotemporal Energy Model in the Simulation of Population Responses in Early Visual Cortices / Yiliang Lu, Xu An, Hongliang Gong and Wei Wang 20 Aspect Ratio of the Receptive Field Makes a Major Contribution to the Bandwidth of Orientation Selectivity in Cat V1 / Tao Xu, Ming Li, Ke Chen, Ling Wang and Hong-Mei Yan 21 Nonlinear Dynamical Analysis of Spontaneous EEG Recordings in Rats After Chronic Spinal Cord Injury / Pu Jiangbo, Xu Hanhui, Wang Yazhou, Cui Hongyan and Hu Yong Part III Interactive Dynamics in Cognitive Functions 22 Causality in Neuroscience and Its Limitations: Bottom-up, Top-down, and Round-About / Hans A. Braun 23 Decisions and Downward Causation in Neural Systems / Hans Liljenström and Azadeh Hassannejad Nazir 24 Top-down and/or Bottom-up Causality: The Notion of Relatedness in the Human Brain / Kim C. Wende and Andreas Jansen 25 Overviewing Causality or Over-Interpreting Noise: Is Modern Neuroscience Shaping Our View of the Human Mind? / Kim C. Wende and Andreas Jansen 26 Theoretical Models of Decision-Making in the Ultimatum Game: Fairness vs. Reason / Tatiana V. Guy, Miroslav Kárný, Alessandra Lintas and Alessandro E.P. Villa 27 Dynamic Interactions in Prefrontal Functional Connectivity During Adolescence / Xin Zhou, Emilio Salinas, Terrence R. Stanford and Christos Constantinidis 28 Causal Interaction Between Prefrontal Cortex and Striatum Estimated by Granger Causality / Xiaochuan Pan, Rubin Wang and Masamichi Sakagami 29 Two Strategies for Interactive Planning / Jiro Okuda 30 TMS-EEG for Probing Distinct Modes of Neural Dynamics in the Human Brain / Keiichi Kitajo and Yuka O. Okazaki 31 Estimating Information Transmission Time Between Prefrontal Cortex and Striatum by Transfer Entropy / Kaidi Shao, Xiaochuan Pan and Rubin Wang 32 Reward-Modulated Functional Connectivity Between Prefrontal Cortex and Striatum / Yan Zhang, Xiaochuan Pan and Rubin Wang 33 On the Role of Intrinsic Rewards in Communication / Jan Lauwereyns and Shizuka Sakurai Lauwereyns Part IV Neural Dynamics in Hippocampus 34 Hydrogen Sulfide Prevents Synaptic Plasticity from Vascular Dementia-Induced Damage via Inhibiting Autophagy on Rats / Chunhua Liu, Tao Zhang and Zhuo Yang 35 The Impact of Nasal Copper Nanoparticle Exposure on Rats’ Synaptic Plasticity and Spatial Cognition / Ye Liu, Wei Guan, Jinzhe Liu and Zhuo Yang 36 Theta Phase Time-Delayed Modulating Low Gamma Amplitude in Hippocampal CA3–CA1 Network / Chenguang Zheng, Qun Li, Yiyi Wang and Tao Zhang 37 Roles of DA and 5-HT in Modulating Neural Oscillatory Synchronization / Chenguang Zheng and Tao Zhang 38 Dynamic Information Routing in the Hippocampus / Hiroshi Nishida, Muneyoshi Takahashi and Jan Lauwereyns 39 Rule Switching Affects Cross-Frequency Couplings in Rat Hippocampus / Tomoaki Nakazono, Susumu Takahashi and Yoshio Sakurai Part V Imaging Cognitive Networks 40 Functional Connectivity Analysis of Cognitive Reappraisal Using Sparse Spectral Clustering Method / Ling Zou, Yi Xu, Zhongyi Jiang, Zhuqing Jiao, Changjie Pan and Renlai Zhou 41 Theta Coupling in the Human EEG During the Control of Bottom-up and Top-down Attention / Dandan Zhao and Ling Li 42 Phase-Dependent Alteration of Functional Connectivity Density During Face Recognition in the Infra-slow Frequency Range / Yifeng Wang, Feng Liu, Xiujuan Jing, Zhiliang Long and Huafu Chen 43 The Supramodal Brain Network for the Recognition of Faces and Bodies: Is Visual Experience Necessary for the Development of High-Order Visual Cortices? / Ryo Kitada 44 Over-Complete Analysis for Resting-State fMRI Data / Ruiyang Ge, Li Yao, Hang Zhang, Xia Wu and Zhiying Long 45 Decoding Brain States with Simulated Microgravity from Baseline Using Functional Connectivity of Default Network / Ling-Li Zeng, Yang Liao, Hui Shen, Xufeng Liu and Dewen Hu 46 Experimental Studies on the Contralateral Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow Using a Patient-Specific Aneurysm Model / Lizhong Mu, Ying He, Junyuan Chen, Xunjie Yu, Jianhui Wei, Changjin Ji and Jiaqi Lv 47 A Robust Coherence-Based Brain Connectivity Method with an Application to EEG Recordings / Jiaqing Yan, Jianbin Wen, Yinghua Wang, Xianzeng Liu and Xiaoli Li Part VI Advanced Brain Computer Interaction 48 Robust Averaging of Covariance Matrices by Riemannian Geometry for Motor-Imagery Brain–Computer Interfacing / Takashi Uehara, Toshihisa Tanaka and Simone Fiori 49 Vibrotactile Brain–Computer Interface with Error-Detecting Codes / Sittipong Apichartstaporn, Kitsuchart Pasupa and Yoshikazu Washizawa 50 Sparse Support Vector Machine for Simultaneous Feature Selection and Classification in Motor-Imagery-Based BCI / Yu Zhang, Yu Wang, Jing Jin and Xingyu Wang 51 QEEG Coherence Evaluation for Soccer Performance Level Analysis of the Striker / Kittichai Tharawadeepimuk and Yodchanan Wongsawat 52 BCI-Based Mobile Phone Using SSVEP Techniques / Dongsheng Wang, Toshiki Kobayashi, Gaochao Cui, Daishi Watabe and Jianting Cao 53 Two-Step Input Spatial Auditory BCI for Japanese Kana Characters / Moonjeong Chang and Tomasz M. Rutkowski 54 Resting-State Long-Range Functional Connectivity Density Reveals Sensorimotor Rhythm-Based BCI Performance Variations / Rui Zhang, Tao Zhang, Teng Ma, Fali Li, Dezhong Yao and Peng Xu 55 On the Correlations of Motor Imagery of Swallow with Motor Imagery of Tongue Movements and Actual Swallow / Huijuan Yang, Cuntai Guan, Chuan Chu Wang, Kai Keng Ang, Kok Soon Phua, See San Chok, Christina Ka Yin Tang and Karen Sui Geok Chua

Note: Contents Introduction: Listening in the Ocean / Whitlow W.L. Au and Marc O. Lammers 2 A Review of Blue Whale Studies from HARUphones in the Pacific / Kathleen M. Stafford 3 Long-Term Monitoring of Cetaceans Using Autonomous Acoustic Recording Packages / Sean M. Wiggins and John A. Hildebrand 4 From Shrimp to Whales: Biological Applications of Passive Acoustic Monitoring on a Remote Pacific Coral Reef / Marc O. Lammers and Lisa M. Munger 5 Studying the Biosonar Activities of Deep Diving Odontocetes in Hawaii and Other Western Pacific Locations / Whitlow W.L. Au and Giacomo Giorli 6 Environmental Acoustic Recording System (EARS) in the Gulf of Mexico / George E. Ioup, Juliette W. Ioup, Natalia A. Sidorovskaia, Christopher O. Tiemann, Stan A. Kuczaj, Azmy S. Ackleh, Joal J. Newcomb, Baoling Ma, Robin Paulos, Alexander Ekimov, Grayson H. Rayborn Jr., James M. Stephens, and Arslan M. Tashmukhambetov 7 Listening to Echolocation Clicks with PODs / Nick Tregenza, Steve Dawson, Will Rayment, and Ursula Verfuss 8 PALAOA: The Perennial Acoustic Observatory in the Antarctic Ocean—Real- Time Eavesdropping on the Antarctic Underwater Soundscape / Holger Klinck, Lars Kindermann, and Olaf Boebel 9 Listening for Whales at the Station ALOHA Cabled Observatory / Julie N. Oswald, Helen Ou, Whitlow W.L. Au, Bruce M. Howe, and Fred Duennebier 10 Findings from U.S. Navy Hydrophone Ranges / David Moretti, Ronald Morrissey, Susan Jarvis, and Jessica Shaffer 11 Pinniped Sounds in the Polar Oceans / Jennifer L. Miksis-Olds, Ilse C. Van Opzeeland, Sofie M. Van Parijs, and Joshua Jones 12 Listening in the Ocean: New Discoveries and Insights on Marine Life from Autonomous Passive Acoustic Recorders / David Mann, James Locascio, and Carrie Wall 13 Passive Acoustic Monitoring in Benthic Marine Crustaceans: A New Research Frontier / Erica Staaterman 14 A Multiplatform Ultrasonic Event Recorder for Tagging, Towing, and Stationed Monitoring of Odontocetes / Tomonari Akamatsu 15 Signal Processing / David K. Mellinger, Marie A. Roch, Eva-Marie Nosal, and Holger Klinck Index

Note: Contents 1 Radiocarbon and the Global Carbon Cycle / E.A.G. Schuur, S.E. Trumbore, E.R.M. Druffel, J.R. Southon, A. Steinhof, R.E. Taylor and J.C. Turnbull 2 Radiocarbon Dating: Development of a Nobel Method / R.E. Taylor 3 Radiocarbon Nomenclature, Theory, Models, and Interpretation: Measuring Age, Determining Cycling Rates, and Tracing Source Pools / S.E. Trumbore, C.A. Sierra and C.E. Hicks Pries 4 Radiocarbon in the Atmosphere / J.C. Turnbull, H. Graven and N.Y. Krakauer 5 Radiocarbon in the Oceans / E.R.M. Druffel, S.R. Beaupré and L.A. Ziolkowski 6 Radiocarbon in Terrestrial Systems / E.A.G. Schuur, M.S. Carbone, C.E. Hicks Pries, F.M. Hopkins and S.M. Natali 7 Paleoclimatology / J.R. Southon, R. De Pol-Holz and E.R.M. Druffel 8 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry of Radiocarbon / Axel Steinhof 9 Preparation for Radiocarbon Analysis / S.E. Trumbore, X. Xu, G.M. Santos, C.I. Czimczik, S.R. Beaupré, M.A. Pack, F.M. Hopkins, A. Stills, M. Lupascu and L. Ziolkowski

Note: Contents: Managing Water, Soil, and Waste in the Context of Global Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Water and Land Context ; Climate Change, Profligacy, Poverty and Destruction: All Things Are Connected ; Urbanization as a Main Driver of Global Change ; A Nexus Approach to Urban and Regional Planning Using the Four-Capital Framework of Ecological Economics ; The Urban Water–Energy Nexus: Building Resilience for Global Change in the “Urban Century” ; Population Growth and Increased Demand for Resources ; Role of Soils for Satisfying Global Demands for Food, Water, and Bioenergy ; Implications of the Nexus Approach When Assessing Water and Soil Quality as a Function of Solid and Liquid Waste Management

Note: Contents: Part I. Ecological Economics, Climate Change, and Sustainable Development -- Chapter 1. Ecological Economics and Climate Change -- Chapter 2. Sustainable Development and Climate Change -- Chapter 3. Policies to Achieve Sustainable Development -- Chapter 4. A Sustainable Versus a Growth-As-Usual Scenario -- Part II. Alternative Perspectives of the Climate Change Crisis -- Chapter 5. A Mainstream Economic Perspective of the Climate Change Crisis -- Chapter 6. An Ecological Economic Perspective of the Climate Change Crisis -- Part III. A Way Forward and the Road to Sustainable Development -- Chapter 7. The Case for an Emissions-Trading System to Help Resolve the Climate Change Crisis -- Chapter 8. International Climate Change Institutions and the Greenhouse-Gas Emitting Performance of Nations -- Chapter 9 Laying the Foundations to Support a New Global Climate Change Protocol -- Chapter 10. A Post-2020 Protocol and Emissions-Trading Framework to Resolve the Climate Change Crisis

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Horizontal Policies: General Aspects ; The Circulation of the Model of Sustainable Development: Tracing the Path in a Comparative Law Perspective ; 3-D Sustainability and Its Contribution to Governance Assessment in Legal Terms: Examples and Perspectives ; Sustainability—A Long, Hard Road ; Horizontal Policies: Human and Intellectual Property Rights ; Environmental Sustainability as a Human Right ; Ensuring Access to Safe Drinking Water as an Imperative of Sustainable Development ; Ensuring a Sustainable Future Through Recognizing and Protecting Indigenous Ecological Knowledge ; Horizontal policies: Communication and Social Enterprise Governance ; Framing New Environmental Cultures for Sustainability. Communication and Sensemaking in Three Intractable Multiparty Conflicts in the EbreBiosfera, Spain ; An Empirical Investigation of Supportive Legal Frameworks for Social Enterprises in Belgium: A Cross-Sectoral Comparison of Case Studies Concerning Social Enterprises in the Social Housing, Finance and Energy Sector ; Horizontal Policies: Public Participation ; Judicial Control Over Acts of Administrative Omission: Environmental Rule of Law and Recent Case Law in Japan ; Examining the Resilience of Public Participation Structures for Sustainable Mining in the Philippines ; Public Participation and Constitutional Impediments to Sustainable Development in Nigeria ; Horizontal Policies: Assessment Tools ; A Global Conceptual Framework for Categorizing Environmental Change Based on Property Rights and Compensation ; Prioritising the Environment in Sustainable Development: Lessons from Australian Environmental Impact Assessment ; Reframing Sustainability in Taiwan: Legal Challenges and Opportunities ; Sectorial Policies: Forest and Water Management ; A Legal Butterfly Effect: Unexpected Twists and Turns of the Law in Costa Rica’s Payment for Ecosystem Services Program ; From River Basins to Landscapes—Holistic Legal Constructs and Their Differentiation ; Coherence Issues Between Climate, Energy and Water in the Case of European Hydropower: Can We Have It All? ; Sectorial Policies: Renewable Energy ; Generating Renewable Energy for the Material Realization of Sustainable Development: What Do We Need from Multilateral Cooperation, the Climate Change and the International Trade Regimes? ; The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard and the Revocation of Feed in Tariffs—Foreign Renewable Energy Investments in Crisis-Struck Spain ; Horizontal and Vertical Integration of Sustainability into Policymaking, Planning and Implementation of Renewable Energy Projects—The New Zealand Model ; Tackling Climate Change Through the Elimination of Trade Barriers for Low-Carbon Goods: Multilateral, Plurilateral and Regional Approaches ; Sectorial Policies: Cities, Waste and Material Management ; Environmental Integration in China’s Eco-city Development—From an Institutional Perspective ; Identifying the Interaction Between Landfill Taxes and NIMBY. A Simulation for Flanders (Belgium) Using a Dynamic Optimization Model ; Pressing Forward—Developments in the Transition Towards Sustainable Materials Management in EU Environmental Law ; Sectorial Policies: Biodiversity, Nature Conservation, Oceans and Spatial Planning ; Sustainable Development: New Thoughts, New Policy, New Law? ; Sustainable Development of the Oceans: Closing the Gaps in the International Legal Framework ; Knowledge in Sustainable Resource Management in Australia ; Sectorial Policies: Agriculture and Rural Policy ; The Sustainable Use of Biodiversity and Its Implications in Agriculture: The Agroforestry Case in the Brazilian Legal Framework ; Next Generation Rural Natural Resource Governance: A Careful Diagnosis ; Conclusions

Note: Methodology of Lithium Analytical Chemistry and Isotopic MeasurementsCosmochemistry of Lithium -- Li Partitioning, Diffusion and Associated Isotopic Fractionation: Theoretical and Experimental Insights -- Lithium in the Deep Earth: Mantle and Crustal Systems -- The Surficial Realm: Low Temperature Geochemistry of Lithium..

Note: Introduction -- Statistical Preliminaries -- Information Theory -- Transfer Entropy -- Information Transfer in Canonical Systems -- Information Transfer in Financial Markets -- Miscellaneous Applications of Transfer Entropy -- Concluding Remarks

Note: Contents: PART I NATURAL RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND NATURAL RESOURCE SUPPLY AND SCARCITY ; 1. Economic Growth, Resource Scarcity, and Environmental Degradation: Where Have We Been and Where are We Going? ; 2. Ecosystem Goods and Services: How Does a Healthy Environment Support Economic Production, Consumption, and Quality of Life? ; 3. Resource Supply and Scarcity: How Do We Define, Measure, and Monitor Natural Resource Supply and Scarcity? ; 4. Natural Resources, The Environment, and Policy: What is the Public Policy Context for Natural Resource and Environmental Economics? ; PART II MICROECONOMIC THEORY FOUNDATIONS FOR EFFICIENCY, WELL BEING, AND THE PROBLEM OF RISK ; 5. Economic Efficiency: How Does a Healthy Economy Allocate Natural Resources to Economic Production and Consumption? ; 6. Intertemporal Efficiency: How Do We Efficiently Allocate Natural Resources Over Time? ; 7. Risk and Uncertainty: How Do We Assess Risk and Make Risky Decisions Involving Natural Resources and the Environment? ; PART III ECONOMIC THEORY AND INSTITUTIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY ; 8. Criteria for Economic Policy: How Do We Tell a Good Natural Resource and Environmental Policy From a Bad One? ; 9. Rules of the Game: How do they Influence Efficiency and Equity and How Can We Get Them Right? ; 10. Market Failure and Inefficiency: What Could Cause an Undesirable Market Allocation of Resources? ; 11. Institutional Framework: What is the Social and Legal Context for Natural Resource and Environmental Decisions and Policy? ; PART IVMEASURING AND COMPARING BENEFITS AND COSTS OF NATURAL RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND PROJECTS ; 12. Benefit–Cost Analysis: How Do We Determine If the Benefits of a Resource Policy Outweigh the Costs? ; 13. Measuring Economic Values: How Do We Account For All Relevant Benefits and Costs In Natural Resource And Environmental Decisions? ; PART V OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT OF NON-RENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES ; 14. Exhaustible Non-Renewable Resources: What Is The Optimal Use and Management of Non-Renewable Resources Over Time? ; 15. Renewable Resources: What Is The Optimal Use and Management of Renewable Resources Over Time? ; PART VI THE ECONOMICS OF AIR, LAND, AND WATER RESOURCE USE AND POLICY ; 16. The Control of Polluting Emissions: How Can We Protect the Environment and People From Air Pollution? ; 17. The Economics of Land: How Do Land Markets Work and How Do We Manage Land Use? ; 18. The Economics of Water: How Is Water Valued and Allocated? ; PART VII ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS, CLIMATE CHANGE, SUSTAINABILITY, CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE FUTURE ; 19. Understanding Sustainability: What Can Economics Tell Us About Using and Managing Resources in a Sustainable Manner? ; 20. Climate Change: The Earth’s Climate Is Changing - Can Economics Help Us Figure Out What, If Anything, To Do About It? ; 21. Economics and Environmental Ethics: What Are the Ethical Implications of the Economic Approach to Conservation and Preservation and What Can We Learn From Other Ethical Approaches? ; 22. Economic Science, Economic Policy, and Doing the Best We Can: How Do We Find Our Way Forward? ; Index

Note: Contents ; Introduction and Overview ; PART I CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN EUROPE ; 1. An Evolutionary Overview of the Ownership, Governance and Strategy of Mediobanca: From the Kingmaker of Italian Capitalism to a Large Financial Conglomerate ; 2. The Co-Operative Bank – What Went Wrong? ; 3. Remuneration-Based Incentives in a Global Bank before and after Lehman - The Case of Deutsche Bank ; PART II CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN THE USA AND SOUTH AMERICA , 4. CEO Compensation in US Financial Institutions ; 5. Regulation, Ownership and Corporate Governance in Brazilian Banks ; PART III CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN THE ASIA PACIFIC ; 6. Corporate Governance of Japanese Banks ; 7. Corporate Governance of China’s City Commercial Banks ; 8. Failure in Corporate Governance - Financial Planning and Greed ; PART IV CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: ADDITIONAL DIMENSIONS ; 9. Determinants of Corporate Governance in Russian Banks ; 10. Corporate Governance Practices in the Nigerian Banking Industry ; 11. Corporate Governance in Islamic Financial Institutions: What Have we Learnt? ; Index

Note: Planetary magnetism : foreword / A. Balogh ... [et al.] -- Space exploration of planetary magnetism / N.F. Ness -- Planetary magnetic field measurements : missions and instrumentation / A. Balogh -- Current systems in planetary magnetospheres and ionospheres / W. Baumjohann ... [et al.] -- Separation of the magnetic field into external and internal parts / N. Olsen, K.-H. Glassmeir, X. Jia -- The magnetic field of planet Earth / G. Hulot ... [et al.] -- Crustal magnetic fields of terrestrial planets / B. Langlais ... [et al.] -- Magnetic fields of the outer planets / C.T. Russell, M.K. Dougherty -- Magnetic fields of the satellites of Jupiter and Saturn / X. Jia ... [et al.] -- The magnetic field of mercury / B.J. Anderson ... [et al.] -- Paleomagnetic records of meteorites and early planetesimal differentiation / B.P. Weiss ... [et al.] -- Induced magnetic fields in solar system bodies / J. Saur, f.M. Neubauer, K.-H. Glassmeier -- The interior structure, composition, and evolution of giant planets / J.J. Fortney, N. Nettelmann -- Thermal evolution and magnetic field generation in terrestrial planets and satellites / D. Breuer, S. Labrosse, T. Spohn -- Theory and modeling of planetary dynamos / J. Wicht, A. Tilgner -- Laboratory dynamo experiments / G. Verhille ... [et al.] -- Dynamo scaling laws and applications to the planets / U.R. Christensen -- The solar dynamo / C.A. Jones, M.J. Thompson, S.M. Tobias -- Dynamo models for planets other than Earth / S. Stanley, G.A. Glatzmaier -- Planetary magnetic fields : achievements and prospects / D.J. Stevenson..

Note: Contents: Section 1: The Facts of Economic Growth and Economic Fluctuation ; Chapter 1: RBC Methodology and the Development of Aggregate Economic Theory ; Chapter 2: The Facts of Economic Growth ; Chapter 3: Macroeconomic Shocks and Their Propagation ; Chapter 4: Macroeconomic Regimes and Regime Shifts ; Chapter 5: The Macroeconomics of Time Allocation ; Chapter 6: "Who Bears the Cost of Recessions? The Role of House Prices and Household Debt" ; Chapter 7: "Allocative and Remitted Wages: New Facts and Challenges for Keynesian Models" ; Chapter 8: Financial and Fiscal Crises ; Section 2: The Methodology of Macroeconomics ; Chapter 9: Factor Models and Structural Vector Autoregressions in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 10: Solution and Estimation Methods for DSGE Models ; Chapter 11: Recursive Contracts and Endogenously Incomplete Markets ; Chapter 12: Macroeconomics and Household Heterogeneity ; Chapter 13: Natural Experiments in Macroeconomics ; Chapter 14: Accounting for Business Cycles ; Chapter 15: "Incomplete Information in Macroeconomics: Accommodating Frictions in Coordination" ; Chapter 16: New Methods for Macro-Financial Model Comparison and Policy Analysis

Note: Fundamental Concepts -- Introduction and overview -- Introduction to quantum mechanics -- Introduction to computer science -- Quantum Computation -- Quantum circuits -- The quantum Fourier transform and its applications -- Quantum search algorithms -- Quantum computers: physical realisation -- Quantum Information -- Quantum noise, open quantum systems, and quantum operations -- Distance measurement for quantum information -- Quantum error-correction -- Entropy and information -- Quantum information theory -- Notes on basic probability theory -- Group theory -- Approximating quantum gates: the Solovay-Kitaev theorem -- Number theory -- Public-key cryptography and the RSA cryptosystem -- Proof of Lieb's theorem.

Note: Land and Water Resources of Siberia, their Functioning and Ecological StateStatus Report about Understanding, Monitoring and Controlling Landscape Processes in Siberia -- Methods for Monitoring the Chemical Composition of Lake Baikal Water -- Microbiological Monitoring of Lake Baikal -- Developing the Regional Indicator Indexes of Zooplankton for Water Quality Class Determination of Water Bodies in Siberia -- Measuring and Estimating Fluxes of Carbon, Major and Trace Elements to the Arctic Ocean -- Measuring Snowmelt in Siberia: Causes, Process and Consequences -- Estimation of Biomass and Net Primary Production (NPP) in West Siberian Boreal Ecosystems: In-Situ and Remote Sensing Methods -- GIS and Remote Sensing Data Based Methods for Monitoring Water and Soil Objects in the Steppe Biome of Western Siberia -- Significant Siberian Vegetation Change is Inevitably Brought on by the Changing Climate..

Note: Contents: 1 Introduction. - 1.1 Chapter Summary. - 1.2 The Meaning of the Book’s Title. - 1.3 Historical Background. - 1.4 How to Read This Book. - 1.5 Further Reading. - References. - PART 1 BASIC THEORETICAL CONCEPTS. - 2 Discrete-Time Signals and Systems. - 2.1 Chapter Summary. - 2.2 Basic Definitions and Concepts. - 2.3 Discrete-Time Signals: Sequences. - 2.3.1 Basic Sequence Operations. - 2.3.2 Basic Sequences. - 2.3.3 Deterministic and Random Signals. - 2.4 Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems. - 2.4.1 Impulse Response of an LTI System and Linear Convolution. - 2.4.2 An Example of Linear Convolution. - 2.4.3 Interconnections of LTI Systems. - 2.4.4 Effects of Stability and Causality Constraints on the Impulse Response of an LTI System. - 2.4.5 Finite (FIR) and Infinite (IIR) Impulse Response Systems. - 2.4.6 Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference Equation (LCCDE). - 2.4.7 Examples of LCCDE. - 2.4.8 The Solutions of an LCCDE. - 2.4.9 From the LCCDE to the Impulse Response: Examples. - 2.4.10 Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions of LTI Systems. - References. - 3 Transforms of Discrete-Time Signals. - 3.1 Chapter Summary. - 3.2 z-Transform. - 3.2.1 Examples of z-Transforms and Special Cases. - 3.2.2 Rational z-Transforms. - 3.2.3 Inverse z-Transform. - 3.2.4 The z-Transform on the Unit Circle. - 3.2.5 Selected z-Transform Properties. - 3.2.6 Transfer Function of an LTI System. - 3.2.7 Output Sequence of an LTI System. - 3.2.8 Zeros and Poles: Forms for Rational Transfer Functions. - 3.2.9 Inverse System. - 3.3 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (DTFT). - 3.3.1 An Example of DTFT Converging in the Mean-Square Sense. - 3.3.2 Line Spectra. - 3.3.3 Inverse DTFT. - 3.3.4 Selected DTFT Properties. - 3.3.5 The DTFT of a Finite-Length Causal Sequence. - 3.4 Discrete Fourier Series (DFS). - 3.4.1 Selected DFS Properties. - 3.4.2 Sampling in the Frequency Domain and Aliasing in the Time Domain. - 3.5 Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). - 3.5.1 The Inverse DFT in Terms of the Direct DFT. - 3.5.2 Zero Padding. - 3.5.3 Selected DFT Properties. - 3.5.4 Circular Convolution Versus Linear Convolution. - 3.6 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). - 3.7 Discrete Trigonometric Expansion. - 3.8 Appendix: Mathematical Foundations of Signal Representation. - 3.8.1 Vector Spaces. - 3.8.2 Inner Product Spaces. - 3.8.3 Bases in Vector Spaces. - 3.8.4 Signal Representation by Orthogonal Bases. - 3.8.5 Signal Representation by Standard Bases. - 3.8.6 Frames and Biorthogonal Bases. - 3.8.7 Summary and Complements. - References. - 4 Sampling of Continuous-Time Signals. - 4.1 Chapter Summary. - 4.2 Sampling Theorem. - 4.3 Reconstruction of a Continuous-Time Signal from Its Samples. - 4.4 Aliasing in the Frequency Domain and Anti-Aliasing Filter. - 4.5 The Uncertainty Principle for the Analog Fourier Transform. - 4.6 Support of a Continuous-Time Signal in the Time and Frequency Domains. - 4.7 Appendix: Analog and Digital Frequency Variables. - References. - 5 Spectral Analysis of Deterministic Discrete-Time Signals. - 5.1 Chapter Summary. - 5.2 Issues in Practical Spectral Analysis. - 5.2.1 The Effect of Windowing. - 5.2.2 The Effect of Spectral Sampling. - 5.3 Classical Windows. - 5.4 The Kaiser Window. - 5.5 Energy and Power Signals and Their Spectral Representations. - 5.6 Correlation of Deterministic Discrete-Time Signals. - 5.6.1 Correlation of Energy Signals. - 5.6.2 Correlation of Power Signals. - 5.6.3 Effect of an LTI System on Correlation Properties of Input and Output Signals. - 5.7 Wiener-Khinchin Theorem. - 5.7.1 Energy Signals and Energy Spectrum. - 5.7.2 Power Signals and Power Spectrum. - References. - PART 2 DIGITAL FILTERS. - 6 Digital Filter Properties and Filtering Implementation. - 6.1 Chapter Summary. - 6.2 Frequency-Selective Filters. - 6.3 Real-Causal-Stable-Rational (RCSR) Filters. - 6.4 Amplitude Response. - 6.5 Phase Response. - 6.5.1 Phase Discontinuities and Zero-Phase Response. - 6.5.2 Linear Phase (LP). - 6.5.3 Generalized Linear Phase (GLP). - 6.5.4 Constraints on GLP Filters. - 6.6 Digital Filtering Implementation. - 6.6.1 Direct Forms. - 6.6.2 Transposed-Direct Forms. - 6.6.3 FIR Direct and Transposed-Direct Forms. - 6.6.4 Direct and Transposed-Direct Forms for LP FIR Filters. - 6.6.5 Cascade and Parallel Forms. - 6.7 Zero-Phase Filtering. - 6.8 An Incorrect Approach to Filtering. - 6.9 Filtering After Downsampling. - 6.9.1 Theory of Downsampling. - 6.9.2 An Example of Filtering After Downsampling. - References. - 7 FIR Filter Design. - 7.1 Chapter Summary. - 7.2 Design Process. - 7.3 Specifications of Digital Filters. - 7.3.1 Constraints on the Magnitude Response. - 7.3.2 Constraints on the Phase Response. - 7.4 Selection of Filter Type: IIR or FIR?. - 7.5 FIR-Filter Design Methods and Approximation Criteria. - 7.6 Properties of GLP FIR Filters. - 7.6.1 Factorization of the Zero-Phase Response. - 7.6.2 Zeros of the Transfer Function. - 7.6.3 Another Form of the Adjustable Term. - 7.7 Equiripple FIR Filter Approximations: Minimax Design. - 7.8 Predicting the Minimum Filter Order. - 7.9 MPR Algorithm. - 7.10 Properties of Equiripple FIR Filters. - 7.11 The Minimax Method for Bandpass Filters. - References. - 8 IIR Filter Design. - 8.1 Chapter Summary. - 8.2 Design Process. - 8.3 Lowpass Analog Filters. - 8.3.1 Laplace Transform. - 8.3.2 Transfer Function and Design Parameters. - 8.4 Butterworth Filters. - 8.5 Chebyshev Filters. - 8.5.1 Chebyshev-I Filters. - 8.5.2 Chebyshev-II Filters. - 8.6 Elliptic Filters. - 8.7 Normalized and Non-normalized Filters. - 8.8 Comparison Among the Four Analog Filter Types. - 8.9 From the Analog Lowpass Filter to the Digital One. - 8.9.1 Bilinear Transformation. - 8.9.2 Design Procedure. - 8.9.3 Examples. - 8.10 Frequency Transformations. - 8.10.1 From a Lowpass to a Highpass Filter. - 8.10.2 From a Lowpass to a Bandpass Filter. - 8.10.3 From a Lowpass to a Bandstop Filter . - 8.11 Direct Design of IIR Filters. - 8.12 Appendix. - 8.12.1 Trigonometric Functions with Complex Argument. - 8.12.2 Elliptic Integrals. - 8.12.3 Jacobi Elliptic Functions. - 8.12.4 Landen-Gauss Transformation. - 8.12.5 Elliptic Rational Function. - References. - PART 3 SPECTRAL ANALYSIS. - 9 Statistical Approach to Signal Analysis. - 9.1 Chapter Summary. - 9.2 Preliminary Considerations. - 9.3 Random Variables. - 9.4 Ensemble Averages. - 9.5 Stationary Random Processes and Signals. - 9.6 Ergodicity. - 9.7 Wiener-Khinchin Theorem for Random Signals and Power Spectrum. - 9.8 Cross-Power Spectrum of Two Random Signals. - 9.9 Effect of an LTI System on a Random Signal. - 9.10 Estimation of the Averages of Ergodic Stationary Signals. - 9.10.1 General Concepts in Estimation Theory. - 9.10.2 Mean and Variance Estimation. - 9.10.3 Autocovariance Estimation. - 9.10.4 Cross-Covariance Estimation. - 9.11 Appendix: A Road Map to the Analysis of a Data Record. - References. - 10 Non-Parametric Spectral Methods. - 10.1 Chapter Summary. - 10.2 Power Spectrum Estimation. - 10.3 Periodogram. - 10.3.1 Bias. - 10.3.2 Variance. - 10.3.3 Examples. - 10.3.4 Variance Reduction by Band- and Ensemble-Averaging. - 10.4 Bartlett’s Method. - 10.5 Modified Periodogram. - 10.6 Welch’s Method. - 10.7 Blackman-Tukey Method. - 10.8 Statistical Significance of Spectral Peaks. - 10.9 MultiTaper Method. - 10.10 Estimation of the Cross-Power Spectrum of Two Random Signals. - 10.11 Use of the FFT in Power Spectrum Estimation. - 10.12 Power Spectrum Normalization. - References. - 11 Parametric Spectral Methods. - 11.1 Chapter Summary. - 11.2 Signals with Rational Spectra . - 11.3 Stochastic Models and Processes. - 11.3.1 Autoregressive-Moving Average (ARMA) Model. - 11.3.2 Autoregressive (AR) Model. - 11.3.3 Moving Average (MA) Model. - 11.3.4 How the AR and MA Modeling Approaches Are Theoretically Related. - 11.3.5 First-Order AR and MA Models: White, Red and Blue Noise. - 11.3.6 Higher-Order AR Models. - 11.4 The AR Approach to Spectral Estimation. - 11.5 AR Modeling and Linear Prediction. - 11.6

Note: Introduction and overview -- Climate policies in the United States -- Theories of climate policy -- The structural theory applied to the cases -- Causes of climate policies in the fifty states -- Air-pollution and energy policy making in California (the 1940s to the 1980s) -- Climate policy making in California (the 2000s to the present) -- Energy and climate policy making in New York State -- Energy and climate policy making by the federal government -- Conclusions : political opportunities for climate policy in the United States.

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Theories of Decentralised Forest Management and Fiscal Decentralisation 3. The Cases of Riau and Papua Provinces 4. Factors Affecting Local Forest Governance 5. Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers and Indonesia's Experience 6. The Design of REDD+ and Decentralised Forest Management 7. Incentive Structures Influencing Subnational Governments’ Decisions on Land-use Change 8. The Distribution Formulae of IFTs for REDD+ 9. Conclusion Index

Note: Beiträge überwiegend deutsch, teilweise englisch

Note: Machine generated contents note:1. Inclusive Developmen t: Debates and Issues -- 2. Inclusive Development and the Burdens of History -- 3. Addressing the Social Deficit in the Wake of Neoliberal Reforms -- 4. Mexico and Indonesia : Politics and Development in Weak States -- 5. Chile : Moving towards Greater Inclusion: From Political Polarization to Consensus -- 6. South Korea : Authoritarianism, Democracy, and the Struggle to Maintain Inclusive Development -- 7. Conclusions: The Politics and Policies of Inclusive Development..