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  • 1
    facet.materialart.12
    Listening in the ocean : new discoveries and insights on marine life from autonomous passive acoustic recorders (2016)
    New York : Springer
    Details
    Call number: 9781493931767 8 (e-book)
    Description / Table of Contents: This title brings to light the discoveries and insights into the lives of many marine species made possible over the last decade by passive acoustic recorders (PAR). Pop-ups, ARF, HARP, EAR, Bprobe, C-POD Atag, and Dtag are the acronyms of some of the many PARs that have changed our understanding of how marine animals live and strive in the ocean. Various types of PARs are used by different investigators in different areas of the world. These recorders have accumulated copious amounts of very important data, unveiling previously unknown information about large marine animals. Temporal, seasonal and spatial distribution patterns have been uncovered for many marine species. There have been many discoveries, new understandings and insights into how these animals live in and utilize the ocean and the importance of acoustics in their lives. Listening Within the Ocean summarizes these important discoveries, providing both a valuable resource for researchers and enjoyable reading for non-professionals interested in marine life.
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 416 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 978-1-4939-3176-7 , 9781493931767
    ISSN: 2364-4915 , 2364-4923
    Series Statement: Modern acoustics and signal processing
    URL: Ebook (access only within the AWI network)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3176-7
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Introduction: Listening in the Ocean / Whitlow W.L. Au and Marc O. Lammers 2 A Review of Blue Whale Studies from HARUphones in the Pacific / Kathleen M. Stafford 3 Long-Term Monitoring of Cetaceans Using Autonomous Acoustic Recording Packages / Sean M. Wiggins and John A. Hildebrand 4 From Shrimp to Whales: Biological Applications of Passive Acoustic Monitoring on a Remote Pacific Coral Reef / Marc O. Lammers and Lisa M. Munger 5 Studying the Biosonar Activities of Deep Diving Odontocetes in Hawaii and Other Western Pacific Locations / Whitlow W.L. Au and Giacomo Giorli 6 Environmental Acoustic Recording System (EARS) in the Gulf of Mexico / George E. Ioup, Juliette W. Ioup, Natalia A. Sidorovskaia, Christopher O. Tiemann, Stan A. Kuczaj, Azmy S. Ackleh, Joal J. Newcomb, Baoling Ma, Robin Paulos, Alexander Ekimov, Grayson H. Rayborn Jr., James M. Stephens, and Arslan M. Tashmukhambetov 7 Listening to Echolocation Clicks with PODs / Nick Tregenza, Steve Dawson, Will Rayment, and Ursula Verfuss 8 PALAOA: The Perennial Acoustic Observatory in the Antarctic Ocean—Real- Time Eavesdropping on the Antarctic Underwater Soundscape / Holger Klinck, Lars Kindermann, and Olaf Boebel 9 Listening for Whales at the Station ALOHA Cabled Observatory / Julie N. Oswald, Helen Ou, Whitlow W.L. Au, Bruce M. Howe, and Fred Duennebier 10 Findings from U.S. Navy Hydrophone Ranges / David Moretti, Ronald Morrissey, Susan Jarvis, and Jessica Shaffer 11 Pinniped Sounds in the Polar Oceans / Jennifer L. Miksis-Olds, Ilse C. Van Opzeeland, Sofie M. Van Parijs, and Joshua Jones 12 Listening in the Ocean: New Discoveries and Insights on Marine Life from Autonomous Passive Acoustic Recorders / David Mann, James Locascio, and Carrie Wall 13 Passive Acoustic Monitoring in Benthic Marine Crustaceans: A New Research Frontier / Erica Staaterman 14 A Multiplatform Ultrasonic Event Recorder for Tagging, Towing, and Stationed Monitoring of Odontocetes / Tomonari Akamatsu 15 Signal Processing / David K. Mellinger, Marie A. Roch, Eva-Marie Nosal, and Holger Klinck Index
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  • 2
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    Common humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) sound types for passive acoustic monitoring (2011)
    Acoustical Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 129 (2011): 476-482, doi:10.1121/1.3504708.
    Description: Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are one of several baleen whale species in the Northwest Atlantic that coexist with vessel traffic and anthropogenic noise. Passive acoustic monitoring strategies can be used in conservation management, but the first step toward understanding the acoustic behavior of a species is a good description of its acoustic repertoire. Digital acoustic tags (DTAGs) were placed on humpback whales in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary to record and describe the non-song sounds being produced in conjunction with foraging activities. Peak frequencies of sounds were generally less than 1 kHz, but ranged as high as 6 kHz, and sounds were generally less than 1 s in duration. Cluster analysis distilled the dataset into eight groups of sounds with similar acoustic properties. The two most stereotyped and distinctive types (“wops” and “grunts”) were also identified aurally as candidates for use in passive acoustic monitoring. This identification of two of the most common sound types will be useful for moving forward conservation efforts on this Northwest Atlantic feeding ground.
    Description: This paper was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s National Marine Sanctuaries Program. It was also sponsored in part by the University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, under Institutional Grant No. NA05OAR4171048 from the NOAA Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce.
    Keywords: Bioacoustics ; Biocommunications ; Underwater sound
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    Biosonar signal propagation in the harbor porpoise's (Phocoena phocoena) head : the role of various structures in the formation of the vertical beam (2017)
    Acoustical Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 141 (2017): 4179–4187, doi: 10.1121/1.4983663.
    Description: Harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) use narrow band echolocation signals for detecting and locating prey and for spatial orientation. In this study, acoustic impedance values of tissues in the porpoise's head were calculated from computer tomography (CT) scan and the corresponding Hounsfield Units. A two-dimensional finite element model of the acoustic impedance was constructed based on CT scan data to simulate the acoustic propagation through the animal's head. The far field transmission beam pattern in the vertical plane and the waveforms of the receiving points around the forehead were compared with prior measurement results, the simulation results were qualitatively consistent with the measurement results. The role of the main structures in the head such as the air sacs, melon and skull in the acoustic propagation was investigated. The results showed that air sacs and skull are the major components to form the vertical beam. Additionally, both beam patterns and sound pressure of the sound waves through four positions deep inside the melon were demonstrated to show the role of the melon in the biosonar sound propagation processes in the vertical plane.
    Description: This work was financially supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41276040, 11174240, 31170501, and 31070347), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (Grant No. 2012J06010), Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2011BAG07B05-3) and State Oceanic Administration of China (Grant No. 201105011-3). The Project was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 4
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    The acoustic field on the forehead of echolocating Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) (2010)
    Acoustical Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Acoustical Society of America, 2010. This article is posted here by permission of Acoustical Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 128 (2010): 1426-1434, doi:10.1121/1.3372643.
    Description: Arrays of up to six broadband suction cup hydrophones were placed on the forehead of two bottlenose dolphins to determine the location where the beam axis emerges and to examine how signals in the acoustic near-field relate to signals in the far-field. Four different array geometries were used; a linear one with hydrophones arranged along the midline of the forehead, and two around the front of the melon at 1.4 and 4.2 cm above the rostrum insertion, and one across the melon in certain locations not measured by other configurations. The beam axis was found to be close to the midline of the melon, approximately 5.4 cm above the rostrum insert for both animals. The signal path coincided with the low-density, low-velocity core of the melon; however, the data suggest that the signals are focused mainly by the air sacs. Slight asymmetry in the signals were found with higher amplitudes on the right side of the forehead. Although the signal waveform measured on the melon appeared distorted, when they are mathematically summed in the far-field, taking into account the relative time of arrival of the signals, the resultant waveform matched that measured by the hydrophone located at 1 m.
    Description: This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research.
    Keywords: Acoustic field ; Acoustic signal detection ; Bioacoustics ; Biocommunications ; Hydrophones ; Underwater sound ; Zoology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 5
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    Finite element simulation of broadband biosonar signal propagation in the near- and far-field of an echolocating Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) (2018)
    Acoustical Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 143 (2018): 2611–2620, doi: 10.1121/1.5034464.
    Description: Bottlenose dolphins project broadband echolocation signals for detecting and locating prey and predators, and for spatial orientation. There are many unknowns concerning the specifics of biosonar signal production and propagation in the head of dolphins and this manuscript represents an effort to address this topic. A two-dimensional finite element model was constructed using high resolution CT scan data. The model simulated the acoustic processes in the vertical plane of the biosonar signal emitted from the phonic lips and propagated into the water through the animal's head. The acoustic field on the animal's forehead and the farfield transmission beam pattern of the echolocating dolphin were determined. The simulation results and prior acoustic measurements were qualitatively extremely consistent. The role of the main structures on the sound propagation pathway such as the air sacs, melon, and connective tissue was investigated. Furthermore, an investigation of the driving force at the phonic lips for dolphins that emit broadband echolocation signals and porpoises that emit narrowband echolocation signals suggested that the driving force is different for the two types of biosonar. Finally, the results provide a visual understanding of the sound transmission in dolphin's biosonar.
    Description: This work was financially supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41276040, 11174240, 31170501, and 31070347), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (Grant No. 2012J06010), Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2011BAG07B05-3) and State Oceanic Administration of China (Grant No. 201105011-3). The role of the Office of Naval Research in supporting W.W.L.A. is also acknowledged.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 6
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    Possible limitations of dolphin echolocation: a simulation study based on a cross-modal matching experiment (2021)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Wei, C., Hoffmann-Kuhnt, M., Au, W. W. L., Ho, A. Z. H., Matrai, E., Feng, W., Ketten, D. R., & Zhang, Y. Possible limitations of dolphin echolocation: a simulation study based on a cross-modal matching experiment. Scientific Reports, 11(1), (2021): 6689, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85063-2.
    Description: Dolphins use their biosonar to discriminate objects with different features through the returning echoes. Cross-modal matching experiments were conducted with a resident bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus). Four types of objects composed of different materials (water-filled PVC pipes, air-filled PVC pipes, foam ball arrays, and PVC pipes wrapped in closed-cell foam) were used in the experiments, respectively. The size and position of the objects remained the same in each case. The data collected in the experiment showed that the dolphin’s matching accuracy was significantly different across the cases. To gain insight into the underlying mechanism in the experiments, we used finite element methods to construct two-dimensional target detection models of an echolocating dolphin in the vertical plane, based on computed tomography scan data. The acoustic processes of the click’s interaction with the objects and the surrounding media in the four cases were simulated and compared. The simulation results provide some possible explanations for why the dolphin performed differently when discriminating the objects that only differed in material composition in the previous matching experiments.
    Description: One of the authors, Wei. C is supported by a Forrest Research Foundation Fellowship. Support for D. Ketten for this effort was provided by the Joint Industry Programme and by the Helmholtz Foundation. This work was also supported by the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) contribution No. 1630 and School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) contribution No. 9452.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic gain control in the echolocation system of dolphins (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 423 (2003), S. 861-863 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In bats and technological sonars, the gain of the receiver is progressively increased with time after the transmission of a signal to compensate for acoustic propagation loss. The current understanding of dolphin echolocation indicates that automatic gain control is not a part of their sonar ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01727
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFTS AFTER NOISE EXPOSURE IN THE BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS) MEASURED USING EVOKED AUDITORY POTENTIALS (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The time course of recovery from temporary threshold shift (TTS) was measured in a bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, using an evoked-potential procedure. The envelope-following response (EFR), which is a rhythmic train of auditory brainstem responses (ABR) to sinusoidally amplitude-modulated tones, was used as an indicator of the sound reception by the animal. Variation of the intensity of the stimulus allowed us to measure the animal's hearing via EFR thresholds. During each session, following an initial measure of threshold, the trained animal voluntary positioned itself within a hoop 1 m underwater while a 160 dB re 1 μPa noise of a 4–11 kHz bandwidth was presented for 30 min. After the noise exposure, thresholds were measured again at delays of 5, 10, 15, 25, 45, and 105 min. Measurements were made at test frequencies of 8, 11.2, 16, 22.5, and 32 kHz. The maximum TTS occurred 5 min after exposure and rapidly recovered with a rate of around 1.5 dB per doubling of time. TTS occurred at test frequencies from 8 to 16 kHz, with the maximum at 16 kHz. TTS was negligible at 22.5 kHz and absent at 32 kHz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2004.tb01187.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DIRECTIONALITY IN THE WHISTLES OF HAWAIIAN SPINNER DOLPHINS (STENELLA LONGIROSTRIS): A SIGNAL FEATURE TO CUE DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT? (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 19 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Dolphins produce frequency modulated (FM) whistles that are thought to promote the synchrony and coordination of behavior between members of a group. How whistles are used in this regard remains poorly understood. One possibility is that whistles have directionality and thereby convey the orientation and direction of movement of the signaler to nearby listeners. To explore this possibility, whistles from free-ranging Hawaiian spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) were obtained using a towed, three-hydrophone line array and examined for the presence of directionality. Both the estimated source level and harmonic content of whistles produced by animals traveling with or toward the array were greater than those of animals moving ahead or away from it. In addition, signals produced by animals near the array (within 20 m) were received differently on the three hydrophones spaced 11.5 m apart. These differences were greater than would be expected from transmission loss disparities alone. The results indicate that directivity is present in the transmission pattern of whistles. To infer the form of this directivity, a theoretical whistle beam pattern was established based on the assumption that the dolphin's sound source is approximated by a circular piston transducer (Au 1993). The resulting beam indicates that spinner dolphin whistles become increasingly directional with frequency, especially with respect to harmonics. The orientation-dependent harmonic structure of whistles thus presents a potential cue that listening animals could interpret to infer the direction of movement of signalers. Harmonics are present in the whistles of many dolphin species and may represent an inherent signal design feature that promotes coordination between animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2003.tb01107.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEASONAL AND DIURNAL TRENDS OF CHORUSING HUMPBACK WHALES WINTERING IN WATERS OFF WESTERN MAUI (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 16 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A portable data logger controlled by a Tattletale 7 microcontroller was used to record humpback whale choruses during the 1998 humpback whale winter season in Hawaii. The data logger sampled the sounds for four minutes every half hour using a digitizing rate of 2 kHz, and the data were stored on a hard disk. The results between January and April showed a peak in the sound pressure level between mid-February and mid-March. This peak of approximately 120 dB re 1 μPa coincided with the peak in the number of whales sighted by aerial survey on 7 March 1998. The choruses had spectral peaks at 315 Hz and 630 Hz. Some of the sounds at 630 Hz were second harmonics of the 315 Hz peak and others were not. The data also indicated a diurnal pattern in the sound pressure level, with levels at night significantly louder than the daytime levels. The sound levels began to increase during sunset and remained relatively high until sunrise, when they progressively decreased to a minimum. The nighttime peak occurred within an hour before and after midnight, and the daytime minimum occurred between 1100 and 1500. That more humpback whales appear to sing at night may reflect a switch to sexual advertisement as the primary male mating strategy at this time. It may also indicate that daylight and vision play key roles in the formation of competitive groups. It is suggested that the relative number of humpback whales in a given locale may be estimated by monitoring changes in sound pressure levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00949.x
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