ALBERT

Anmerkung: Contents: Foreword. - Preface. - Acknowledgements. - List of symbols and definitions. - 1. Introduction. - 2. Nature of the problem. - 3. Basic equations for the atmosphere and oceans. - 4. Various decompositions of the circulation. - 5. The data. - 6. Radiation balance. - 7. Observed mean state of the atmosphere. - 8. Observed mean state of the oceans. - 9. Observed mean state of the cryosphere. - 10. Exchange processes between the earth's surface and the atmosphere. - 11. Angular momentum cycle. - 12. Water Cycle. - 13. Energetics. - 14. The ocean-atmosphere heat engine. - 15. Entropy in the climate system. - 16 Interannual and interdecadal variability in the climate system. - 17. Mathematical simulation of climate. - Appendix A: Analysis in terms of Fourier components. - Appendix B: Analysis in terms of empirical orthogonal functions (EOF's). - References. - Name index. - Subject index.

Anmerkung: Contents 1 Scope / G. Matthess 2 Polar Organic Substances and Their Role in the Water-Saturated and -Unsaturated Zones 2.0 Introduction / F.H. Frimmel 2.1 Isolation Procedures and Characterization Methods 2.1.1 Isolation and General Characterization of Organic Acids from Pore Water / F.H. Frimmel 2.1.2 Isolation and Characterization of Soil Humic Matter / W. Finger, B. Post and H. Klamberg 2.1.3 Isolation and Characterization of Organic Substancesin Ground Water and Sediments / F. Selenka and A. Hack 2.1.4 Chromatographie Characterization of the Acid-Soluble Part of Humic Substances / F.H. Frimmel 2.1.5 Spectroscopic Characterization of Humic Substances in the Ultraviolet and Visible Region and by Infrared Spectroscopy / G. Abbt-Braun 2.1.6 Temperature-Programmed/Time-Resolved Pyrolysis Field lonization Mass Spectrometry - a New Method for the Characterization of Humic Substances / H.-R. Schulten 2.1.7 Interpretation of the Pyrolysis Products of Isolated Humic and Fulvic Acids / G. Abbt-Braun 2.1.8 Characterization of Isolated Humic Material by 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy /J. Buddrus and P. Burba 2.1.9 Characterization of Humic Substances Extracted by Organic Solvents / B. Post and H. Klamberg 2.2 Interaction of Inorganics with Humic Substances 2.2.1 Investigation of Metal Complexation by Polarography and Fluorescence Spectroscopy / F.H. Frimmel 2.2.2 Determination of Complexation Equilibria by the Ion-Exchange Method / W. Finger and H. Klamberg 2.2.3 Sorption of Metals on Humic Material / R. Becker and H. Klamberg 2.2.4 Interactions of Humic Substances with Iodine / K. G. Heumann and C. Reifenhäuser 2.2.5 Experiments on the Influence of Organic Ligands upon Kinetics of Feldspar Weathering / A. Petersen, G. Matthess and D. Schenk 2.3 Characterization of Some Organic Acids in the Subsurface of the Sandhausen Ecosystem / T. Cordt and H. Kussmaul 2.3.4 Organic Acids 2.3.5 Conclusions 3 Carbonate Systems 3.0 Introduction / E. Usdowski 3.1 Dissolution Kinetics in the Generation of Carbonate Ground Waters 3.1.1 Theoretical and Experimental Results of the Kinetics of Calcite Dissolution and Precipitation / W. Dreybrodt 3.1.2 Field Measurements and Laboratory Experiments on Calcite Dissolution Kinetics of Natural Porous Media / J. Baumann and H.D. Schulz 3.2 Field Studies on Subsurface Water of Selected Sites / B. Merkel and J. Grossmann 3.2.1 Pore Water Sampling in Carbonate Terrains 3.2.2 Variation of Inorganic Carbon in the Unsaturated Zone of a Carbonate Gravel System / L. Eichinger and B. Merkel 3.2.3 Isotope Geochemistry of the Subsurface Carbonate System in Sandhausen and Bocholt / H. Dörr, W. Leuchs, P. Obermann, W. Regenberg and C. Sonntag 3.2.4 Application of Stable Carbon and Sulfur Isotope Models to the Development of Ground Water in a Limestone-Dolomite-Anhydrite-Gypsum Area / K.W. Schaefer and E. Usdowski 3.2.5 A dissolution Front at the Contact of Sandsto Marly Limestone Aquifers / H.R. Langguth and R. Schulz 3.2.6 Carbonate Rock Dissolution Under Intermediate System Conditions / J. Michaelis 3.3 Alteration in Karst Systems 3.3.1 Mineralogy and Hydrogeochemistry of the Gypsum Karst of Foum Tatahouine, South Tunisia / W. Smykatz-Kloss, H. Hötzl and H. Kössl 3.3.2 Dedolomitization and Salt Formationin a Semi-Arid Environment / W. Smykatz-Kloss, and J. Goebelbecker 3.3.3 Transformation Processes in Paleokarst Sediments and Chemistry of Modern Waters in the Aladag Region, Turkey / M. Cevrini and W. Echle 4 Silicate Systems 4.0 Introduction / G. Matthess 4.1 Redox Reactions in the Subsurface 4.1.1 Anoxic Reaction Zones in an Aquifer Influenced by Increasing Nitrate and Sulfate Contents / W. Leuchs and P. Obermann 4.1.2 Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes as Indicators for Nitrification and Denitrification / H.-L. Schmidt, S. Voerkelius and A. Amberger 4.1.3 Redox Conditions and Microbial Sulfur Reactions in the Fuhrberger Field Sandy Aquifer / J. Böttcher, O. Strebet and W. Kölle 4.1.4 Influence of Fine-Grained Cover Beds on the Chemistry of Shallow Ground Water / G. Ebhardt and P. Fritsch 4.1.5 Hydrogeochemical Processes During the Passage of Surface Water and Ground Water Through Genetically Different Organic Sediments / H. Brühl, A. Moschick and H. Verleger 4.1.6 Hydrochemical Phenomena in the Dorsten Leakage System / M. Hoffmann, H.R. Langguth and J. Larue 4.1.7 Hydrogeochemical Processes in the Hamburg Deep Aquifer System / E.P. Loehnert, W. Bauhus and C. Sonntag 4.2 Rock-Water Interaction 4.2.1 Aluminium Speciation in Acid Soil Water and Ground Water / G. Dietze and B. Ulrich 4.2.2 Mineral-Pore Water Interaction in Two Soil Types on Pleistocene Sediments at Hamburg / F. Sztuka and I. Valeton 4.2.3 Subsurface Hydrochemical Reactions in the Sandhausen Forest Ecosystem / H. Jacob, W. Regenberg and C. Sonntag 4.3 Reaction Kinetics 4.3.1 Experimental Methods for Determining Dissolution Rates of Silicates - a Comparison / D. Schenk, G. Matthess, A. Dahmke and A. Petersen 4.3.2 Field Studies on the Kinetics of Silicate Minerals/Water Interaction / G. Matthess, A. Petersen, D. Schenk and A. Dahmke 5 Microbiology 5.0 Introduction / P. Hirsch 5.1 Characterization of the Natural Subsurface Environment 5.1.1 Morphological and Taxonomic Diversity of Ground Water Microorganisms / P. Hirsch, E. Rades-Rohkohl, J. Kölbel-Boelke and A. Nehrkorn 5.1.2 Methods of Studying Ground Water Microbiology: Critical Evaluations and Method suggestions / P. Hirsch, E. Rades-Rohkohl, J. Kölbel-Boelke, A. Nehrkorn, R. Schweisfurth, F. Selenka and A. Hack 5.1.3 Organic Substances in Ground Water and Sediments and Their Relationships to Microorganisms in a Sandy Aquifer / E Selenka and A. Hack 5.2 Microbial Activities 5.2.1 Observations on the Physiology of Microorganisms from Pristine Ground Water Environments / P. Hirsch 5.2.2 Formation and Transformation of Manganese Oxidation States by Bacteria / J. Gottfreund and R. Schweisfurth 5.2.3 Interactions Between Humic Acids and Microorganisms / G.-J. Tuschewitzki, B. Langer and H. Otremba 5.3 Microbiology of Selected Locations 5.3.1 Subsurface Microbial Activities in the Sandhausen Forest Ecosystem / R. Weyandt and R. Schweisfurth 5.3.2 Heterotrophic Bacterial Communities in the Bocholt Aquifer System / J. Kölbel-Boelke and A. Nehrkorn 5.3.3 The Natural Microflora of the Segeberger Forest Aquifer System / P. Hirsch and E. Rades-Rohkohl 5.3.4 Microbiological Observations of the Unsaturated Zone of a Quaternary Gravel Profile / I. Alexander, G. Freitag, J. Grossmann, Β. Merkel, P. Udluft and I. Ullsperger 6 Hydrogeochemical and Geochemical-Hydraulic Models and Model Concepts 6.0 Introduction / H.-D. Schulz 6.1 Hydrogeochemical Models and Concepts 6.1.1 Development of Secondary Permeability of a Fracture Aquifer in Carbonate Rocks: a Model / W. Dreybrodt 6.1.2 Some Aspects of Modelling the Carbon System in the Unsaturated Zone / B. Merkel, L. Eichinger and P. Udluft 6.1.3 Methodical Concepts in Silicate-Water Interaction - a Comparison of Results / A. Dahmke, G. Matthess, A. Petersen and D. Schenk 6.2 Combination of Transport and Geochemical Reactions 6.2.1 Water Movement and Geochemical Reactions in the Unsaturated Zone of Sands with Low Calcite Contents / H.-D. Schulz 6.2.2 Physical and Biochemical Processes Affecting Mass Transport in the Bocholt Aquifer System / C. Bugner and R. Mull 6.2.3 Tritium and 3He Measurements as Calibration Data for Ground Water Transport Models / H. Dörr, P. Schlosser, M. Stute and C. Sonntag 6.2.4 39Ar-, 85Kr-, 3He- and 3H Isotope Dating of Ground Water in the Bocholt and Segeberger Forst Aquifer Systems / M. Forster, H. Loosli and S. Weise 6.2.5 Modelling of Mass Balance and of Microbial Transformations in the Fuhrberger Feld Sandy Aquifer / O. Strebet, J. Böttcher and W.H.M. Duynisveld 6.3 Description of Geochemical Environments with Thermodynamic Equilibrium Models / M. Rolling and H.-D. Schulz 6

Anmerkung: Table of Contents: Prologue. - List of authors and participants. - I. RADIOCARBON AND ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGIES. - Tree-ring 14C calibration at 10.000 BP / B. Kromer and B. Becker. - On flow model dating of stable isotope records from Greenland ice cores 7 S. J. Johnsen and W. Dansgaard. - The clay-varve based Swedish time scale and its relation to the Late Weichselian radiocarbon chronology / S. björck, I. Cato, L. Brunnberg, B. Strömberg. - A step towards an absolute time-scale for the Late-Glacial: annually laminated sediments from Soppensee (Switzerland) / A. F. Lotter. - B. Ammann, J. Beer, I. Hajdas, M. Sturm. - The late glacial-holocene transition in central Europe derived from isotope studies of laminated sediments from Lake Gościaź (Poland) / K. Rozanski, T. Goslar, M. Dulinski, T. Kuc, M. F. Pazdur, A. Walanus. - Younger Dryas oscillation - varve dated microstratigraphic, palynological and palaeomagnetic records from Lake Holzmaar, Germany / B. Zolitschka, B. Haverkamp, J. F. W. Negendank. - 230Th/234U and 14C ages obtained by mass spectrometry on corals from Barbados (West Indies), Isabela (Galapagos) and Mururoa (French Polynesia) / E. Bard, R. G. Fairbanks, M. Arnold, B. Hamelin. - II. COSMONUCLIDE PRODUCTION CHANGES DURING THE PAST. - Expected secular variations in the global terrestrial production rate of radiocarbon / D. Lal. - 10Be deposition at Vostok, Antarctica, during the last 50,000 years and its relationship to possible cosmogenic production variations during this period / G. M. Raisbeck, F. Yiou, J. Jouzel, J. R. Petit, N. I. Barkov, E. Bard. - 10Be peaks as time markers in polar ice cores / J. Beer, S. J. Johnsen, G. Bonani, R. C. Finkel, C. C. Langway, H. Oeschger, B. Stauffer, M. Suter, W. Woelfli. - Variation of geomagnetic field intensity from 8-60 Ky BP, Massif Central France / J. Salis and N. Bonhommet. - A geomagnetic calibration of the radiocarbon time-scale / A. Mazaud, C. Laj, E. Bard, M. Arnold, E. Tric. - III. CLIMATIC CHANGES DURING THE LAST DEGLACIATION. - The strength of the nordic heat pump / W. S. Broecker. - δ18O time-slice reconstruction of meltwater anomalies at Termination 1 in the North Atlantic between 50 and 80°N / M. Sarnthein, E. Jansen, M. Arnold, J. C. Duplessy, H. Erlenkeuser, A. Flatoy, T. Veum, E. Vogelsang, M. S. Weinelt. - A new method to reconstruct sea surface salinity: application to the North Atlantic ocean during the Younger Dryas / J.-C. Duplessy, L. Labeyrie, A. Juillet-Leclerc, J. Duprat. - The determination of past ocean-atmosphere radiocarbon differences / J. R. Southon, D. E. Nelson, J. S. Vogel. - The last deglaciation in Antarctica: further evidence of a "Younger Dryas" type climatic event / J. Jouzel, J. R. Petit, N. I. Barkov, J. M. Barnola, J. Chappellaz, P. Ciais, V. M. Kotkyakov, C. Lorius, V. N. Petrov, D. Raynaud, C. Ritz. - Possible ice-core evidence for a fresh melt water cap over the Atlantic ocean in the early Holocene / D. A. Fisher. - Climatic changes in Northwest Africa during the last deglaciation (16-7 ka BP) / F. Gasse, J. Ch. Fontes. - The palynological expression and timing of the Younger Dryas event - Europe versus Eastern North America / D. M. Peteet.

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Würzburg, Univ., Diss., 1968

Anmerkung: Zugl.: Würzburg, Univ., Diss., 1968