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  • Articles  (91)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (91)
  • Mice  (91)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • 1985-1989  (91)
  • 1988  (91)
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  • Articles  (91)
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  • 1985-1989  (91)
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  • 1
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    The ras oncogenes increase the intrinsic resistance of NIH 3T3 cells to ionizing radiation (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-05
    Description: Identification of genes that function to protect cells from radiation damage is an essential step in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which mammalian cells cope with ionizing radiation. The intrinsic radiation resistance (D0) of NIH 3T3 cells was markedly and significantly increased by transformation with ras oncogenes activated by missense mutations. This radiobiologic activity appeared to be a specific consequence of the ras mutations rather than of transformation, since revertant cells that contained functional ras genes (but were no longer phenotypically transformed) retained their increased D0's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sklar, M D -- CA 41166/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 5;239(4840):645-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3277276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Survival/*radiation effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; *Genes, ras ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Immunotherapy of the nonobese diabetic mouse: treatment with an antibody to T-helper lymphocytes (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-04-29
    Description: Spontaneous diabetes mellitus was blocked in nonobese diabetic mice by treatment with a monoclonal antibody against the L3T4 determinant present on the surface of T-helper lymphocytes. Sustained treatment with the monoclonal antibody led to cessation of the lymphocytic infiltration associated with the destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells. Moreover, the mice remained normoglycemic after the antibody therapy was stopped. These studies indicate that immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies to the lymphocyte subset may not only halt the progression of diabetes, but may lead to long-term reversal of the disease after therapy has ended.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shizuru, J A -- Taylor-Edwards, C -- Banks, B A -- Gregory, A K -- Fathman, C G -- AI11313/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK39959/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Apr 29;240(4852):659-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305-5111.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2966437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*therapeutic use ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/*immunology ; Cyclosporins/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology/*therapy ; Female ; *Immunotherapy ; Islets of Langerhans/pathology ; Lymphocytes/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Antisense RNA directed against the 3' noncoding region prevents dormant mRNA activation in mouse oocytes (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-08-05
    Description: Primary mouse oocytes contain untranslated stable messenger RNA for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). During meiotic maturation, this maternal mRNA undergoes a 3'-polyadenylation, is translated, and is degraded. Injections of maturing oocytes with different antisense RNA's complementary to both coding and noncoding portions of t-PA mRNA all selectively blocked t-PA synthesis. RNA blot analysis of t-PA mRNA in injected, matured oocytes suggested a cleavage of the RNA.RNA hybrid region, yielding a stable 5' portion, and an unstable 3' portion. In primary oocytes, the 3' noncoding region was susceptible to cleavage, while the other portions of the mRNA were blocked from hybrid formation until maturation occurred. Injection of antisense RNA complementary to 103 nucleotides of its extreme 3' untranslated region was sufficient to prevent the polyadenylation, translational activation, and destabilization of t-PA mRNA. These results demonstrate a critical role for the 3' noncoding region of a dormant mRNA in its translational recruitment during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strickland, S -- Huarte, J -- Belin, D -- Vassalli, A -- Rickles, R J -- Vassalli, J D -- HD-17875/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Aug 5;241(4866):680-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Geneva Medical School, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2456615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oocytes/*metabolism ; Poly A/metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA/*pharmacology ; RNA, Antisense ; RNA, Messenger/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 4
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    A transcriptional enhancer 3' of C beta 2 in the T cell receptor beta locus (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-07-08
    Description: Run-on transcription experiments were used to demonstrate that transcription of T cell receptor beta chain V genes is activated by DNA rearrangement, in a manner similar to immunoglobulin genes. A transcriptional enhancer likely to be involved in this activation has been identified. A 25-kilobase region from J beta 1 to V beta 14 was tested for enhancer activity by transient transfections, and an enhancer was found 7.5 kilobases 3' of C beta 2. The beta enhancer has low activity relative to the simian virus 40 viral enhancer, does not display a preference for V beta promoters, has a T cell-specific activity, and binds two purified immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDougall, S -- Peterson, C L -- Calame, K -- GM29361/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jul 8;241(4862):205-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2968651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Immunoglobulin ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Nuclear Proteins/physiology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Selection of variable-joining region combinations in the alpha chain of the T cell receptor (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-09
    Description: Most T lymphocytes express an antigen-specific receptor composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, each of which can exhibit structural variability. A complex selection process operates on T cells during development in the thymus such that cells expressing only particular alpha beta-receptors migrate to the periphery. The alpha-chain repertoire was dissected at different stages of the selection process by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to amplify only those transcripts of a particular variable region gene (V58). Sequences from these V58 cDNAs reveal the predominant expression of four joining (J) segments by T cells in the adult thymus, suggesting that molecular or cellular processes select particular V alpha J alpha combinations during development. T cells expressing one of these V58J alpha chains appear to have been negatively selected at a later stage, since these transcripts were present in the spleen at approximately one-tenth the level in the thymus. Results also indicate that residues present at the V alpha J alpha junction may be important in an early selection process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roth, M E -- Lacy, M J -- McNeil, L K -- Kranz, D M -- AI24635/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 9;241(4871):1354-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2970673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Genes ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta ; Recombination, Genetic ; Spleen/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Thymus Gland/physiology ; Tissue Distribution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Salivary gland lysates from the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis enhance Leishmania infectivity (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-11
    Description: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. The role of sand fly saliva in transmission of the disease was investigated by injecting mice with Leishmania major parasites in the presence of homogenized salivary glands from Lutzomyia longipalpis. This procedure resulted in cutaneous lesions of Leishmania major that were routinely five to ten times as large and contained as much as 5000 times as many parasites as controls. With inocula consisting of low numbers of Leishmania major, parasites were detected at the site of injection only when the inoculum also contained salivary gland material. This enhancing effect of sand fly salivary glands on cutaneous leishmaniasis occurred with as little as 10 percent of the contents of one salivary gland of one fly. Material obtained from other bloodsucking arthropods could not mediate the phenomenon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Titus, R G -- Ribeiro, J M -- 1 R29 AI24511/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5 P01 AI22794/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI18694 0481/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1306-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3344436" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arthropods ; *Diptera ; Leishmania tropica/*pathogenicity ; Leishmaniasis/*physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Salivary Glands ; Species Specificity ; Tissue Extracts/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Two mechanisms for the extinction of gene expression in hybrid cells (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-02
    Description: When two different mammalian cell types are fused to generate a stable hybrid cell line, genes that are active in only one of the parents are frequently shut off, a phenomenon called extinction. In this study two distinct, complementary mechanisms for such extinction of growth hormone gene expression were identified. In hybrids formed by fusing fibroblasts to pituitary cells, pituitary-specific proteins that bind to the growth hormone promoter were absent. In addition, a negative regulatory element located near the rat growth hormone promoter was specifically activated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tripputi, P -- Guerin, S L -- Moore, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1205-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2842865" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/genetics ; Animals ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Hormone/*genetics ; Herpesviridae/genetics ; Hybrid Cells/*metabolism ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Mice ; Pituitary Gland/metabolism ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Rats ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Nuclear factors in B lymphoma enhance splicing of mouse membrane-bound mu mRNA in Xenopus oocytes (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-01-29
    Description: Regulation of the synthesis of membrane-bound and secreted immunoglobulin mu heavy chains at the level of RNA processing is an important element for B cell development. The precursor mu RNA is either polyadenylated at the upstream poly(A) site (for the secreted form) or spliced (for the membrane-bound form) in a mutually exclusive manner. When the mouse mu gene linked to the SV40/HSV-TK hybrid promoter was microinjected into Xenopus oocytes, the mu messenger RNA (mRNA) was altered by coinjection of nuclei of mouse surface IgM-bearing B-lymphoma cells to include the synthesis of the membrane-bound form. An increase in the membrane-bound form was not observed when nuclei of IgM-secreting hybridoma cells or fibroblast cells were coinjected. Deletion of the upstream poly(A) site did not eliminate the effect of B-lymphoma nuclei suggesting that membrane-specific splicing is stimulated. Further, splicing of other mu gene introns was not affected by coinjection of B-lymphoma nuclei. These results suggest that mature B cells contain one or more transacting nuclear factors that stimulate splicing specific for membrane-bound mu mRNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsurushita, N -- Ho, L -- Korn, L J -- AI21298/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):494-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3124268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology/ultrastructure ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/*physiology ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Hybridomas/ultrastructure ; Immunoglobulin M/genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Introns ; Lymphoma/*immunology/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Microinjections ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Oocytes/*metabolism ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Xenopus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Reshaping human antibodies: grafting an antilysozyme activity (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-25
    Description: The production of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technology has proved difficult, and this has prompted the "humanizing" of mouse monoclonal antibodies by recombinant DNA techniques. It was shown previously that the binding site for a small hapten could be grafted from the heavy-chain variable domain of a mouse antibody to that of a human myeloma protein by transplanting the hypervariable loops. It is now shown that a large binding site for a protein antigen (lysozyme) can also be transplanted from mouse to human heavy chain. The success of such constructions may be facilitated by an induced-fit mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Verhoeyen, M -- Milstein, C -- Winter, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 25;239(4847):1534-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2451287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Binding, Competitive ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant ; Epitopes/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/genetics/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muramidase/*immunology ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; Transfection
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  • 10
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    Familial imprinting determines H-2 selective mating preferences (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-06-03
    Description: Inbred male mice typically prefer to mate with females of a different, non-self H-2 haplotype. To determine whether this natural preference is irrevocable or results from familial imprinting, a test system was used which relied on previous observations that B6 males (H-2b) mate preferentially with congenic B6-H-2k rather than B6 females, and B6-H-2k males with B6 females. This preference was reversed in B6 males fostered by B6-H-2k parents and in B6-H-2k males fostered by B6 parents, preference in these cases favoring the same H-2 type. Thus, H-2 selective mating preference is acquired by imprinting on familial H-2 types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamazaki, K -- Beauchamp, G K -- Kupniewski, D -- Bard, J -- Thomas, L -- Boyse, E A -- CA-39827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GMCA-32096/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS-22623/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Jun 3;240(4857):1331-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3375818" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; *Imprinting (Psychology) ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Odors ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Smell/physiology
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