ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (42)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (42)
  • Solanum tuberosum L.  (21)
  • biological control  (21)
  • crystal structure
  • 2015-2019
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (42)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1915-1919
  • 1991  (42)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (42)
  • Philosophy
  • Sociology
  • Geosciences
Collection
  • Articles  (42)
Source
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (42)
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2015-2019
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (42)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1915-1919
Year
Topic
  • 1
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Metalaxyl ; floating disc ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Phenylamide-based fungicides were reintroduced to the Irish market in 1985. Mixtures of phenylamides and mancozeb were recommended for no more than 3 sprays in potato late blight control programmes with the last systemic spray to be applied not later than 31 July. Samples of potato foliage infected withP. infestans were collected from the main potato growing areas in Ireland over a five-year period starting in 1985. Using the floating disc method, 11% of the crops sampled in 1985 were found to have phenylamide-resistant strains ofP. infestans present. The number of crops with resistant strains increased rapidly up to 1988 when 83% of the crops sampled had resistance. Factors affecting the distribution of resistance and the efficacy of a phenylamide-based spray programme are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: keeping quality ; nitrogen fertilizer ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Increasing doses of nitrogenous fertilizer increased storage rots in six potato cultivars of which cvs Kufri Sindhuri and Kufri Lalima rotted less and were found to contain high amounts of total phenols compared to the more susceptible cultivars Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Badshah. Nine phenolic acids were identified in the peel and the pulp of tubers and four of these and of other phenolic extracts from tubers suppressed the growth ofErwinia carotovora ssp.carotovora.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 57-66 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: crop rotation ; nitrogen fertilization ; haulm destruction ; non-chemical control ; organic manuring ; resistant cultivars ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Current systems of potato growing use large amounts of pesticides and fertilizers; these inputs are costly and cause environmental problems. In this paper a strategy for integrated low-input potato production is developed, with the aim of reducing costs, improving product quality and reducing environmental damage. The strategy involves suitable crop rotation, the use of cultivars with multiple resistance, modest fertilizer use (preferably based on organic manure), mechanical weed control, mechanical haulm destruction and limited use of pesticides. The prospects for this strategy are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 215-218 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; total sugars ; reducing sugars ; cvs Claustar ; Sebago ; Spunta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Potatoes were left in the soil from December, when the vines died, until February (cvs Claustar and Sebago) or April (cv. Spunta) in a location of central Greece with light, well drained soils and a mild climate. Tubers were analysed every two months for dry matter and sugar content and usually the dry matter content did not change significantly from December to February or April. The reducing sugars increased from December to February in tubers of all cultivars and significantly decreased in cv. Spunta from February to April.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: application ; N placement ; sap test ; nitrate in tubers ; N balance ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of various levels, timing, and form of inorganic and organic nitrogenous fertilizers on the variation in nitrate content of stem bases over time was measured by means of the Nitrachek test in experiments carried out on sandy soils in Bremervörde, Germany (1985–7) and Helsinki, Finland (1987). There were good correlations between fertilizer use and nitrate content in the stem sap, and it was shown to be feasible to derive standard nitrate values which varied with growth stage. Splitting the application of N gave higher yields than applying all the N in the seedbed. The nitrate contents of tubers at harvest were correlated with the intensity of fertilizer use and was influenced by season. Soil N balances showed that splitting the N dressings reduced the soil N content more than applying all the nitrogen at the time of planting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 3-8 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Phytophthora infestans ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In 1983 and 1984 there were reports in Norway of more severe late blight infection than usual on tubers of cv. Pimpernel, a cultivar without R-genes known to be somewhat resistant to both haulm and tuber infection. Results from routine tests confirmed earlier experience that cv. Pimpernel shows stable resistance to tuber late blight, although the ranking of cultivars may vary between years. In experiments during three harvest seasons tubers of different cultivars were inoculated with isolates ofP. infestans obtained from stocks of cv. Pimpernel with severe tuber late blight and with other isolates. In these experiments the isolates from cv. Pimpernel caused more rot on tubers of Pimpernel than did other isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: short feeding time ; aphids ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In laboratory experiments PLRV transmission byMyzus persicae Sulz was shown to be possible even during a very brief feeding period onPhysalis floridana Rydb, in both acquisition and inoculation feeding. When the acquisition feeding time (AFT) was varied between 30 sec and 48 h the inoculation feeding time (IFT) was constant (48h) and vice versa: when the AFT was constant (48 h), the IFT was variable. The rate of infection was 2.2% following 30 sec AFT and 1.1% after 30 sec IFT. After 1 min feeding these infection rates increased to 7.9% and 1.8% respectively. The capacity for virus transmission was closely correlated with the increase in feeding time for both acquisition and inoculation feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 285-293 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; Solanum bulbocastanum Dun ; Japanese cultivar ; polypeptide ; patatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Protein banding patterns of 119 lines (85 Japanese potato lines and introductions, 22 dihaploids, 1 wild source (Solanum bulbocastanum Dun.), 10 transformants and 1 somaclonal variant) were compared by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Microtubers formed in vitro were used as the source of plant materials. There were more than 15 bands in the 35–20 kDa molecular weight range and less than 10 bands in the 65–40 kDa range. The bands in the 65–40 kDa range which corresponded to the potato tuber storage protein patatin were focussed to about 40 kDa after heat treatment. The results indicate a distinct difference in the banding patterns among potato lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 353-364 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; transplanting ; harvest index ; size distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In five field trials with the cultivars Gloria (early), Bintje (mid-early) Désirée (mid-late) and Morene (late), crops grown from conventional 28–35 or 35–45 mm seed were compared with crops grown from microtubers, of various sizes and from various sources, that had been producedin vitro. The following means to quicken initial crop development from the micropropagated material were tested: large microtubers, plastic soil cover, and transplanting of plantlets grown from microtubers pre-planted in a glasshouse. Crops grown from microtubers weighing less than half a gram yielded much less than crops grown from conventional seed crops but their yields were increased by each treatment. With the later-maturing cultivars, which generally produce few tubers per plant, the yields within seed grades from plants grown from transplanted microtuber plants were comparable with those of conventional crops. Reasons are given, why direct planting of microtubers, with or without plastic foil, is not a practical option.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; Fina ; Sebago ; Spunta ; total sugars ; reducing sugars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Potatoes were stored in non-refrigerated stores in the Marmarini area (central Greece, altitude about 50 m) and in the Polymylos area (northern Greece, altitude about 900m). In Polymylos, the tubers (cvs Fina and Spunta) were harvested in October 1985 and stored until April 1986; the temperature in the store fluctuated between −1°C and 14°C (mostly between 3°C and 7°C). In Marmarini, the tubers (cvs Sebago and Spunta) were harvested in December 1985 and stored until April 1986; the temperature in the store fluctuated between 0°C and 18°C (mostly between 5°C and 10°C). Every 1–2 months tubers were analysed for dry matter (DM), total sugars (TS) and reducing sugars (RS). In Marmarini, a significant increase of TS and RS was found in both cultivars from December to January, followed thereafter by a significant decrease. In Polymylos, a continuous (from November to April) increase in TS and RS was observed in cv. Fina while in cv. Spunta the sugars increased only until January, followed thereafter until April by a significant decrease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; hot water dip ; salicylic acid ; hypochlorite ; Erwinia spp. rotting ; sprouting ; cool storage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Potatoes irradiated to control sprouting were dipped in: hot water (56°C, 5 min; 52°C, 10, 15 and 20 min); cold (25°C, 5 min) or hot (56°C, 5 min) salicylic acid (1000 and 2000 ppm); or sodium hypochlorite (0.1 and 0.2%, 5 min); or dusted with salicylic acid (1 and 2%), to try to reduce the incidence of bacterial soft rot (Erwinia sp.) during controlled temperature (10°C, 15°C) and ambient temperature (20–34°C) storage. All treatments, particularly hot water and hot salicylic acid dip, increased microbial spoilage, possibly as a result of handling damage during the treatments combined with the inhibition of wound periderm formation as a result of irradiation. Storing irradiated tubers in well ventilated containers reduced soft rot compared to storing them in sacks and after 6 months storage at 10, 15 and 20–34°C, 95, 90 and 77% respectively were healthy and marketable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 261-267 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: FDR 2n gametes ; SDR 2n gametes ; allelic diversity ; maximum heterozygosity ; bilateral sexual polyploidization ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Unrelated, unselected 2x haploid-species hybrids that produce 2n eggs, by second division restitution and 2n pollen due to first division restitution were intercrossed to generate 4x progeny. The 19, 4x families were compared with seven cultivars for tuber yield, tuber appearance and tuber set. The mean yield of the 4x families was 30% higher than the mean yield of the cultivars. The best five 4x families outyielded the best five cultivars by 57% and 69% at two locations. Cultivars were superior for tuber appearance and tuber set. The high yields of the 4x families are due to genetic diversity of the 2x parents and their ability to transmit that diversity to the 4x progeny utilizing 2n gametes. The potential of the 2x×2x breeding method is dependent on developing 2x hybrid clones that form 2n eggs and possess desirable tuber types; clones producing 2n pollen and good tuber quality are available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 29-39 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: calcium ; boiling ; microwave ; fracturability ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Potato cubes (2.5 cm) of six cultivars were soaked in CaCl2 solution (0.004% calcium) at 4°C for 21 h, prewarmed at 75°C for 30 min, and boiled (20 min) or microwaved (2 min, 15 sec). Prewarming treatment significantly retained fracturability (g force at first break point) of boiled samples over non-treated controls. Thirty min prewarming at 75°C gave maximum fracturability retention for boiled samples; prewarming time had no effect on texture of microwaved samples. Cultivar differences in fracturability correlated with inherent tuber calcium content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In field trials with potato several methods determining the proportion of intercepted solar radiation by the crop were compared. Non-destructive measurement of the proportion of ground cover with the aid of a grid correlated well with the proportion of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation as measured with a tube solarimeter and with the leaf area index. Measurement of the infrared reflectance of the crop proved to be an efficient and objective method to show differences between treatments. Moreover, it showed a good correlation with ground cover and radiation interception until full closure of the canopy. Percentage ground cover is useful for assessing intercepted solar radiation and leads to fewer errors in calculation of efficiency of conversion into dry matter than the other methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 34 (1991), S. 211-214 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; total sugars ; reducing sugars ; cvs Fina ; Marfona ; Spunta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Potato tubers (cvs Fina, Marfona and Spunta) were stored in a clamp in the region of Mount Vermion in Northern Greece (altitude about 1400 m) from October 1985 to April 1986. No sprout inhibitor was applied. Tubers were analysed for dry matter and sugar content at 2–4 month intervals. Cultivar and date of sampling had a no significant effect on dry matter but had a significant effect on the total and reducing sugar contents. A significant interaction between cultivar and date of sampling was observed for dry matter and sugars. A continuous increase of total and reducing sugars from October to April was found in tubers of cv. Marfona. In tubers of cvs Fina and Spunta the total and reducing sugars increased, significantly only until March, and thereafter decreased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: endogenous gases ; shrink wrapping ; storage ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Film-wrapped potatoes were compared with non-wrapped potatoes for blackspot susceptibility. Individual ‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes wrapped in Cryovac D-955 shrink film were less susceptible than non-wrapped potatoes to internal blackspot injuries when stored at 24°C. The film wrap reduced potato weight loss (water loss) but it did not alter the rate of respiration or the endogenous oxygen or carbon dioxide levels. Thus the reduced susceptibility to blackspot could not be related to reduced oxygen levels much as would inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase, the enzyme responsible for the development of internal blackspot. In addition to high suscetibility to internal blackspot, the non-wrapped potatoes shrivelled at 24°C and lost their marketable appearance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: inoculation experiments ; in-store spread of infection ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Laboratory experiments and observations in commercial stores showed that viable sporangia ofPhytophthora infestans can be produced on infected potato tubers of different cultivars. Infection was also found to spread from diseased to healthy tubers during handling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: immunodiffusion ; électrotransfert ; marquage immunoenzymatique ; groupes d'anastomose ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A soluble mycelial extract ofR. solani AG3 was purified by size exclusion chromatography. Five peaks were present in the elution profile: the first was well defined and of large volume. It was retained to immunise a female rabbit by intradermic injection. The titre of the antiserum determined by double immuno-diffusion in agarose was 0.125. The antiserum was tested on isolates ofR. solani AG1, AG2, AG3, AG4, AG5, AG6, AG7, AGB1 and ofCeratobasidium CAG1, CAG2, CAG3, CAG4 and CAG5 (Table 1) using three different methods: - immunodiffusion with the test material adjusted to 3 mg/ml of proteins. Only AG3 isolates formed a single precipitation line (Fig. 1). - electrotransfer and immuno-blotting. Test samples containing 8 mg/ml of proteins were electrophoresed under natural conditions in a discontinuous system. The proteins were then electrotransferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. Immunoenzymatic staining showed that only one band was present in AG3 isolates (Fig. 2). - immunoenzymatic labelling of the mycelium demonstrated the presence of dark granules on the cell wall of only AG3 isolates (Fig. 3).
    Notes: Résumé La purification d'un extrait mycélien soluble d'une souche deR. solani AG3 par chromatographie d'exclusion permet de recueillir une fraction antigénique. Une lapine est immunisée par voie intradermique. L'immunsérum titre 0,125 par la technique de double-diffusion en agarose. Différentes techniques sérologiques (immunodiffusion, électrotransfert suivi de révélation des fractions antigéniques, coloration immunoenzymatique du mycélium) sont appliquées à des souches deR. solani AG1, AG2, AG3, AG4, AG5, AG6, AG7, AGBI et deCeratobasidium CAG1, CAG2, CAG3, CAG4 et CAG5. Le sérum se révèle spécifique des souches AG3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: epidemiology ; forecasting ; control ; Myzuspersicae ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Field-grown potato plants of cvs King Edward, Record, Maris Piper and Désirée were inoculated on seven different dates during the growing season of 1987 and 1988 with either potato virus YO (PVYO) or PVYN, using three viruliferous peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae) per plant. In each cultivar, the proportion of progeny tubers infected with PVYO or PVYN was high in plants inoculated during the four weeks following emergence, the proportion declining to zero or close to zero in the subsequent 4–6 wks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Irrigation and drainage systems 5 (1991), S. 339-349 
    ISSN: 1573-0654
    Keywords: aquatic herbivores ; aquatic weeds ; biological control ; Guyana ; manatee ; sea cow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus) has been widely suggested as a means of biological control of aquatic weeds. Despite significant research little data is available from existing manatee installations. Manatees have been used in Guyana for weed control for over a century and are still being used today. Data was collected from a number of sites, both past and present, to establish the reliability of the manatee as a weed control agent and to formulate a series of guidelines on which to base future manatee developments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; biological control ; Botrytis sp. ; Erwinia carotovora ; Fusarium solani ; Pseudomonas sp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Thirty-two strains of opine-utilizing rhizobacteria were evaluated for physiological traits which have been related to plant growth-promoting activity. Tests included antibiosis against two bacterial and eight fungal pathogens of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), production of hydrogen cyanide and fluorescent pigment production. On average, 71 and 12% of the bacteria inhibited the growth of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and Agrobacterium tumefaciens, respectively. The growth of Botrytis sp. was inhibited by 62% of the bacteria, and half of these produced an inhibition zone of more than 7 mm in diameter. Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum coccodes, Phoma exigua, Verticillium dahliae, F. oxysporum, V. albo-atrum and F. sambucinum were antagonized by 43, 34, 31, 25, 19, 18, and 12% of the bacteria, respectively. Only four strains produce hydrogen cyanide. The inhibition of a plant pathogen was not correlated to the production of fluorescent pigment. No strain produced a hypersensitive reaction whereas only three strains induced soft-rot and two produced polygalacturonase. Some opine-utilizing rhizobacteria were strong inhibitors of all plant pathogens, while most were active against specific plant pathogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 133 (1991), S. 131-140 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: antagonistic bacteria ; biological control ; Helianthus annuus ; Pseudomonas spp. ; Sclerotium rolfsii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Bacteria isolated on nutrient agar and King's medium B from sunflower leaves, crown and roots inhibited in vitro growth of the leaf spot and wilt pathogens Alternaria helianthi, and Sclerotium rolfsii, respectively, and also the root rot pathogensRhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. Antagonistic bacteria from leaves were mainly actinomycetes and pigmented Gram-positive bacteria, while those from roots and crowns were identified asPseudomonas fluorescens-putida, P. maltophilia, P. cepacia, Flavobacterium odoratum andBacillus sp. In soil bioassays, when used as seed inoculum in the presence ofS. rolfsii, P. cepacia strain N24 increased significantly the percentage of seedling emergence. Bacterial strains which exhibited broad spectrum in vitro antagonistic activity were tested for colonisation of sunflower roots, when used as a seed inoculum. Good colonisers (104 to 106 bacteria/g root) were consistent in their ability to reduce disease and fungal wilt. A seedling having a primary root length 〈 5 cm with fewer lateral roots, necrosed cotyledons or crown and a wilted shoot indicated its diseased status. On an average, only 30% of seedlings were diseased when treated with the antagonistic strains, in the presence of the pathogen, while 60% of the seedlings were diseased in the presence of the pathogen alone. In microplots treated with strain N24, only 1 to 3% of the seedlings were wilted, while 14% of the seedlings were wilted in the presence of the pathogen alone. The results obtained show that bacterial antagonists of sclerotial fungi can be used as seed inocula to improve plant growth through disease suppression
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 97 (1991), S. 115-124 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: biological control ; logistic growth ; Rhizoctonia solani
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sclerotia ofRhizoctonia solani collected from potato tubers from different countries were assayed for the presence of mycoparasites. Among the mycoparasites observedVerticillium biguttatum predominated. Its geographical distribution was not restricted to certain latitudes or soil types;V. biguttatum occurred worldwide in potato fields. The minimum growth temperature of 57V. biguttatum isolates was found to be in the narrow range from 10 to 13°C, irrespective of their geographical origin. A non-linear logistic growth model was used to describe the radial growth onRhizoctonia mycelium and nutrient agar plates. At near-minimum temperature the maximum colony radii varied considerably; they were up to 3.8 times that of the reference isolate M73. Based on parameter values for logistic growth, fast-and slow-growing isolates could be distinguished. Although the growth properties ofV. biguttatum isolates from different locations varied, the presence of fast- and slow-growing isolates was not restricted to particular areas and both types could be found in the same field. However, bioassays with selected fast- and slow-growing isolates do not support the assumption that growth at near-minimum temperatures is a relevant criterion for screening isolates ofV. biguttatum in terms of effectiveness for biological control ofR. solani.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 97 (1991), S. 209-232 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Sporobolomyces ; Cryptococcus ; biological control ; maneb ; anilazin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Aphid honeydew on wheat leaves can affect host physiology directly and can stimulate infection by necrotrophic pathogens. The role of naturally occurring saprophytes on wheat flag leaves in removing aphid honeydew was examined in five field experiments at different locations in the Netherlands in 1987 and 1988. Aphid populations, saprophyte populations and aphid honeydew were measured weekly. Diseases were monitored at 1–4 week intervals. In the control treatment, sprayed with water, the naturally occurring saprophytes consumed the honeydew almost completely, except in one experiment in which the aphid population increased very rapidly. In the treatments in which the saprophytes were reduced by the broad-spectrum fungicide maneb in 1987 and with maneb alternated with anilazin in 1988, honeydew accumulated. The observed honeydew consumption by the naturally occurring saprophytic population is ascribed mainly to pink and white yeasts (Sporobolomyces spp. andCryptococcus spp., respectively). Additional treatments showed, that in the presence of the naturally occurring saprophytes the yield loss per aphid-infestation-day was lower than when the saprophytes were inhibited by fungicides, showing that yeasts can reduce the detrimental effect of aphid honeydew in wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 97 (1991), S. 297-310 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: potato cyst nematodes ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; host-parasite interaction ; damage mechanism ; tolerance ; gas exchange ; stomata ; water use efficiency ; total dry weight ; leaf area ; stem length
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plants of four potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars were grown in pots in a greenhouse at five densities ofGlobodera pallida between 0 and 300 eggs per gram of soil. Photosynthesis and transpiration of selected leaves were measured at 30, 37, 49 and 60 days after planting. Stem length was recorded at weekly intervals. Plants were harvested 70 days afteer planting and various plant variables were determined. At 30 days after planting, when second and third stage juveniles were present in roots, both photosynthesis and transpiration rates were severely reduced byG. pallida. In the course of time these effects became less pronounced. Water use efficiency was reduced byG. pallida between 30 and 49 days, but not at 60 days after planting. The results suggest independent effects ofG. pallida on stomatal opening and on photosynthesis reactions. There were no consistent differences among cultivars in the response of leaf gas exchange rates and water use efficiency to nematode infection. Reduction of photosynthesis byG. pallida appeared additive to photosynthesis reduction due to leaf senescence. Total dry weight was reduced by 60% at the highestG. pallida density. Weights of all plant organs were about proportionally affected. Shoot/root ratio was not affected and dry matter content was reduced. Stem length and leaf area were most strongly reduced during early stages of plant-nematode interaction. The number of leaves formed was only slightly reduced byG. pallida, but flowering was delayed or inhibited. Reduction of total dry weight correlated with reduction of both leaf area and photosynthesis rate. Leaf area reduction seems the main cause of reduction of dry matter production. Tolerance differences among cultivars were evident at 100 eggs per gram of soil only, where total dry weight of the intolerant partially resistant cv. Darwina was lower than that of the tolerant partially resistant cv. Elles and of the tolerant susceptible cv. Multa. The tolerance differences were not correlated with leaf photosynthesis and transpiration. Apparently these processes are not part of tolerance of plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 97 (1991), S. 162-170 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: dry matter content ; Globodera pallida ; leaf water potential ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; stomatal resistance ; water use efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Potatoes were grown under a permanent rain shelter in mobile containers in soil with and without potato cyst nematodes (Globodera pallida). The plants were either subjected to an early drought stress period from planting until 43 days after planting, to a late drought stress period during tuber bulking or to a drought control. Leaf water potentials, stomatal diffusion resistances for water vapour, transpiration rates, dry matter accumulation and water use efficiencies of the plants were determined periodically. Both drought and nematodes decreased leaf water potential and increased stomatal resistance. Drought led to a higher water use efficiency, cyst nematode infection, however, reduced the water use efficiency at early stages of growth, and increased it at later stages. It is concluded that at least two main growth reducing mechanisms exist of which the relative importance varies with time. Firstly, reduced apparent assimilation rates, which are unrelated to a change in the water balance caused by the initial attack by the cyst nematodes. Secondly, a reduced dry matter accumulation resulting from a decrease of water uptake. Effects of drought and cyst nematode infection on plant growth and water relations were not always additive mainly because infected plants used up less water leading to less drought stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BioControl 36 (1991), S. 105-113 
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Insecta ; Richogrammatidae ; Pyralidae ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; biological control ; inundative release ; Insecte ; Trichogrammatidae ; Pyralidae ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; lutte biologique ; lâcher inondatif
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous évaluons combien deTrichogramma nubilale devraient être lâchés en une seule localité pour lutter contreOstrinia nubilalis dans le maïs doux. Six parcelles de 8,6×16 m recevaient de 18,4 à 2 090 femelles deT. nubilale/unité de surface, quand les pieds étaient au milieu du stade du dernier verticille, où l'unité de surface, est la surface du plant/m2. Pour évaluer le contrôle potentiel de nos lâchers, nous exposons les ooplaques d'O. nubilalis élevés au laboratoire aux parasitoïdes lâchés en quatre fois après le lâcher. Quand une ooplaque était parasitée parT. nubilale, 75,7% des œufs de l'ooplaque étaient parasités. Nous développons des équations pour estimer le pourcentage d'ooplaques qu'une seule femelle s'attendait à parasiter en une journée (efficacité du parasitisme) et les taux de disparition de femelle (mort et dispersion) si tous deux étaient constants durant notre expérience. Le taux exponentiel de disparition était −0,52±0,03 jour−1, ce qui impliquait que 40% des femelles restantes disparaissaient par jour. L'efficacité du parasitisme était 0,050% parasitisme/femelle/unité de surface/jour, ce qui impliquait que 351 000 femelles/ha seraient nécessaires pour atteindre 90% de parasitisme. En clair, pour queT. nubilale soit un agent de lutte biologique assuré de succès, il faut accroître l'efficacité du parasitisme et réduire les taux de disparition.
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated how manyTrichogramma nubilale should be released at a single location to controlOstrinia nubilalis in sweet corn. Six 8.6×16 m plots received 18.4 to 2 090 ΦΦT. nubilale/SAI when plants were in the mid to late whorl stage, where SAI, surface area index, is the plant surface area/m2. To evaluate the potential control by our releases, we exposed laboratory-rearedO. nubilalis egg masses to the released parasitoids at 4 times after the release. When an egg mass was parasitized byT. nubilale, 75.7% of the eggs in the egg mass were parasitized. We developed an equation to estimate the percent of egg masses that a single female was expected to parasitize in a day (efficiency of parasitism) and female disappearance (death and dispersal) rates, if both were constant during our experiment. The exponential disappearance rate was −0.52±0.03 day−1, which implied that 40% of the remaining ΦΦ disappeared per day. The efficiency of parasitism was 0.050% parasitism/Φ/SAI/day, which implied that at least 351,000 ΦΦ/ha would be needed to achieve 90% parasitism. Clearly, forT. nubilale to be a successful biological control agent, efficiency of parasitism must be increased and disappearance rates must be reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: parasitoids ; recruitment ; evaluation ; Edovum puttleri ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; potato ; biological control ; augmentation ; parasitoïde ; recrutement ; évaluation ; Edovum puttleri ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; pomme de terre ; lutte biologique ; accroissement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé En 1987, le lâcher approximatif de 17.700 adultes deE. puttleri femelles, contre la première génération des œufs de doryphores dans un champ de pommes de terre à S. Deerfield au Massachusetts, entraînait un parasitisme, établi par la mesure directe de l'hôte et du parasitoïde, de 3.6% uniquement. Les niveaux de non viabilité indiquaient un pourcentage supplémentaire de 2,8% d'hôtes tués par «host-feeding» pour un impact total de 6,4%. Le lâcher en 1988 de 126.300 parasitoïdes contre la 1re génération d'hôtes dans un champs de pommes de terre de 0,4 ha au même endroit, produisait uniquement des niveaux légèrement supérieurs de parasitisme (10,6%) et d'«host-feeding» (2,0%). Le lâcher en 1987 de 32.800 hyménoptères contre la 2e génération d'œufs entraînait uniquement 0,7% de parasitisme et 0,3% d'«host-feeding» par suite de la toxicité des résidus d'une seule application de fenvalerate (PydrinR) utilisée pour lutter contre la cicadelle de la pomme de terreEmpoasca fabae (Harris). Le lâcher en 1988 de 47.400 hyménoptères contre la 2e génération d'hôtes entraînait, en l'absence de toute application insecticide, 34,4 % de parasitisme et 16,1 % d'«host-feeding» pour un impact total de 50,5%. La différence dans les niveaux de parasitisme entre les générations de l'hôte supporte l'idée que les adultes d'E. puttleri réclament à l'extérieur une source d'hydrates de carbone tels que le miellat de pucerons pour se reproduire. Dans l'Etat du Massachusetts, les populations de pucerons de la pomme de terre, ne se développent typiquement pas jusqu'à la fin de la première génération larvaire. La méthode «de recrutementα deVan Driesche & Bellow (1988) pouvait être une approche satisfaisante pour déterminer les résultats de lâchers croissants de parasitoïdes.
    Notes: Abstract Release of approximately 17,700 experienced adult femaleEdovum puttleri Grissell against 1st generation Colorado potato beetle eggs in 1987 in a 0.4 ha potato field in S. Deerfield, Massachusetts resulted in only 3.6% parasitism as assessed by direct measurement of host and parasitoid recruitment. Levels of non-viability indicated an additional 2.8% of hosts killed by parasitoid hostfeeding, for an overall impact of 6.4%. Release in 1988 of 126,300 parasitoid against 1st generation hosts in a 0.4 ha potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) field at the same site produced only slightly higher levels of parasitism (10.6%) and host feeding (2.0%). Release in 1987 of 32,800 wasps against 2nd generation eggs resulted in only 0.7% parasitism and 0.3% host feeding due to the toxicity of fenvalerate (PydrinR) residues from a single application applied for control of the potato leafhopper,Empoasca fabae (Harris). Release in 1988 of 47,400 wasps against the 2nd host generation in the absence of any pesticide applications resulted in 34.4% parasitism and 16.1% host feeding, for a total impact of 50.5%. Difference in parasitization levels between host generations supports the idea thatE. puttleri adults require an in-field carbohydrate source such as aphid honeydew to reproduce. In Massachusetts, aphid populations in potato typically do not develop until the end of the 1st larval generation. The recruitment method ofVan Driesche & Bellows (1988) proved to be a satisfactory approach for determining results of augmentative parasitoid releases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Bembecia chrysidiformis ; Rumex spp. ; biological control ; host-specificity ; Mediterranean region ; Bembecia chrysidiformis ; Rumex spp. ; lutte biologique ; spécificité plante-hôte ; région méditerranéene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Bembecia chrysidiformis (Esper) [Lep.: Sesiidae] a été étudiée pour ses possibilités de lutte contre les mauvaises herbesRumex spp. (Polygonaceae) en Australie. Les adultes de cet insecte sud-européen apparaissent entre la fin du printemps et l'été. Les œufs sont pondus sur les tiges florales des plantes deRumex spp. et les larves se développent dans les racines jusqu'au printemps suivant. Dans la nature on trouve des larves dans les plantes des sous-genresRumex etAcetosa. Dans les tests de spécificité avec les larves du premier stade, un certain nombre de genres au sein de la famille desPolygonaceae furent attaqués. Les larves ne survécurent pas sur les plantes appartenant à d'autres familles, sauf dansPersea americana Miller(Lauraceae), Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Miller (Cistaceae) etQuercus ilex L. (Fagaceae) où les larves attaquent la tige. Cet insecte fut jugé apte à être introduit en Australie après étude de sa biologie, de ses plantes-hôtes ainsi que de l'absence de cas d'attaque signalés sur d'autres espèces.
    Notes: Abstract Bembecia chrysidiformis (Esper) [Lep.: Sesiidae] was examined for its natural history and specificity toRumex spp. (Polygonaceae) which are weeds in Australia. Adults of this southern European insect appear in late spring to summer. Eggs are laid on the dried, seed bearing stems of perennialRumex plants. The larvae tunnel inside the root during summer through to the next spring. In nature, the larvae are round inRumex species of the subgeneraRumex andAcetosa. In host-specificity tests with 1st instar larvae, the roots of a number of genera within thePolygonaceae were attacked. Larvae died on a range of plants from other families except inPersea americana Miller(Lauraceae), Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Miller (Cistaceae) andQuercus ilex L. (Fagaceae) where larvae fed on the stems. The insect was judged safe for release in Australia by assessing aspects of its biology, its known host plants, and the lack of reported attack on other plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Amblyseius cucumeris ; Frankliniella occidentalis ; biological control ; diapause ; greenhouse ; Amblyseius cucumeris ; Frankliniella occidentalis ; lutte biologique ; diapause ; serre
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le prédateur d'acariensAmblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) est un agent important de lutte biologique pour les thrips dans les serres commerciales, mais son efficacité à l'automne et durant l'hiver est limitée par une diapause induite par les conditions de jour court. L'influence de la photopériode et de la température sur l'induction de la diapause a été étudiée pour fournir des informations pour une utilisation fructueuse du prédateur. Pour des photopériodes de 8 h de lumière et de 16 h d'obscurité et des températures de photophase de 22°C, l'incidence de la diapause était inversement liée à la température de la scotophase; décroissant de 100% de diapause à 15°C, à une diapause nulle à 21°C. En obscurité continue, la diapause était induite par les thermopériodes de 20∶10 et 22∶17, mais non 25∶15°C (T∶C) (8 h de thermophase). La longueur du jour critique pour induire la diapause à 22∶17°C (T∶C) était 12.45 h, ce qui était en harmonie avec la tendance à l'installation de la diapause chez les acariens récoltés de septembre à novembre, dans une population établie en serre. La plupart desA. cucumeris diapausaient uniquement quand ils étaient exposés aux conditions induisant la diapause au cours de leur développement larvaire et rien ne stoppait la ponte quand ils étaient transférés comme adultes, de conditions non diapausantes à des conditions diapausantes. Après 14 générations de sélection génétique pour une lignée sans diapause, l'incidence de cette dernière était encore de 33,3%.
    Notes: Abstract The predatory miteAmblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) is an important biological control agent for thrips in commercial greenhouses, but its effectiveness in fall and winter is limited by reproductive diapause induced under short day conditions. Influence of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction was investigated to provide information for successful management of the predator. Under 8∶16 (L∶D) photoperiods and 22°C photophase temperatures, diapause incidence was inversely related to scotophase temperature, decreasing from 100% diapause at 15°C to no diapause at 21°C. In continuous darkness, diapause was induced by thermoperiods of 20∶10 and 22∶17 and 22∶17 but not 25∶15°C (T∶C) (8h thermophase). Critical daylength for inducing diapause under 22∶17°C (T∶C) was 12.45 h, which was consistent with the trend in diapause incidence in mites collected from an established greenhouse population September to November. MostA. cucumeris diapaused only when exposed to diapause inducing conditions throughout their juvenile development and none stopped laying eggs when transferred from nondiapause to diapause inducing conditions as adults. After 14 generations of genetic selection for a nondiapause strain, diapause incidence was 33.3%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: biological control ; Trichogramma ; rearing ; augmentation ; Manduca sexta ; lutte biologique ; Trichogramma ; élevage ; augmentation ; Manduca sexta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'œuf fraîchement congelé du ver du tabacManduca sexta (L.) (TBH; tobacco hornworm) est un support efficace et excellent pour la production à grande échelle deTrichogramma nubilale Ertle & Davis. Chaque œuf-hôte peut produire 10.7±2.8 (n=7)T. nubilale. La proportion de ♀♀ s'est stabilisée à 80–90% avec 69.9±26.6 (n=8) œufs ovariens par femelle. Jusqu'à 3 ♀♀ ont été observées en train de pondre simultanément dans un œuf unique de ver TBH. Le superparasitisme (〉10 descendants) doit être évité, car il peut entraîner des limitations spatiales ou nutritionnelles nuisant au bon développement deT. nubilale.
    Notes: Abstract The fresh frozen egg of the tobacco hornworm (TBH)Manduca sexta (L.), is an efficient and superior host for mass production ofTrichogramma nubilale Ertle & Davis. Each host egg may produce 10.7±2.8 (n=7) large, robust, and activeT. nubilale. The proportion of ♀♀ stabilized at 80–90% with 69.9±26.6 (n=8) ovarian eggs per female. As many as 3 ♀♀ were observed ovipositing simultaneously into a single TBH egg. Superparasitism (〉10 progeny) should be avoided because it may cause nutritional or space limitations on the development of effectiveT. nubilale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BioControl 36 (1991), S. 29-54 
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Fourmis ; Oecophylla ; prédation ; lutte biologique ; Ants ; Oecophylla ; predation ; biological control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The predatory activity of 12 societies ofOecophylla longinoda Latreille was observed for 124 hours during which 2,482 prey items were captured. Predation took place in trees containing the nests (“habitual” territory) and in “secondary” territories usually situated on the ground. The 7 following situations were observed. Ant activity I) In the “habitual” tree situation; 2) During the passage of a column of Dorylinae; 3) In the “secondary” hunting territory of a society settled on a tree close to the bank of a river; a zone where numerous insects gathered to drink; 4) In a society centred on a mango tree in which the biological cycle (seasonal variations, blossoming time, fruit ripening) and its impact on predation byOecophylla was closely observed; 5) In a “habitual” situation when a swarm of fermites fell into the territory of a society; 6) In a “secondary” territory situated beneath a house verandah, to which numerous winged insects were attracted each night by the verandah light; 7) In the “secondary” territories of two contiguous societies during both the combat and the calm periods. “Secondary” territories are generally situated in zones, such as on the forest floor, along side water courses or beneath lights where there is a concentration of prey. At such sites,Oecophylla often capture wingless insects which they rarely catch on trees. Due to their pronounced territoriality, permanent surveillance and very efficient recruitment,Oecophylla respond extremely quickly to any increase in prey numbers. Owing to the great diversity in their potential prey, this species can be considered very effective as a biological control agent. For example, a society comprising 12 nests will capture about 45,000 prey items per year. When corrected for the numbers of individuals involved and the period of activity, the predation level of this species is similar to that ofFormica lugubris.
    Notes: Résumé L'activité prédatrice de 12 sociétés d'Oecophylla longinoda Latreille a été étudiée durant 124 h d'observations pendant lesquelles 2 482 proies ont été capturées. La prédation s'exerce sur les arbres supportant les nids ainsi que sur des territoires «secondaires» habituellement situés sur le sol. Les 7 situations suivantes sont comparées: 1) En forêt, durant les périodes «habituelles»; 2) Durant le passage d'une colonne de Magnans; 3) Le territoire de chasse «secondaire» d'une société installée sur un arbre situé en bordure de rivière correspond à une zone où de nombreux insectes se concentrent pour s'abreuver; 4) L'arbre support est un manguier dont on suit le cycle biologique (inter-saison, floraison, fruits mûrs) et son impact sur la prédation par lesOecophylla; 5) On compare la situation «habituelle» à ce qui se passe lorsqu'un essaimage de Termites est rabattu sur les territoires d'une société; 6) Le territoire «secondaire» est situé sous la véranda d'une maison éclairée chaque nuit où de nombreux insectes ailés sont attirés; 7) Les territoires «secondaires» de 2 sociétés étant contigus, on compare les périodes de combats aux périodes calmes. Les territoires «secondaires» sont situés sur des zones de concentration en proies (insectes de la litière des forêts, zones où ils viennent s'abreuver, attraction par la lumière, la nuit). LesOecophylla y capturent souvent des insectes aptères, cas relativement rare sur l'arbre support. Ces territoires sont défendus contre les ouvrières d'autres sociétés. Du fait de leur territorialité très marquée avec surveillance permanente du territoire et un recrutement très efficace, lesOecophylla répondent très rapidement à toute prolifération en proies. A cela s'ajoute une grande diversité de proies potentielles de sorte que cette espèce peut être considérée comme très efficace en lutte biologique, les ouvrières réagissant spécifiquement à toute abondance d'un type d'insecte. Pour une société comprenant 12 calies, le nombre de proies capturées par an est de l'ordre de 45 000. Ramené à un nombre équivalent d'individus et de jours d'activité, il est du même ordre que celui desFormica lugubris (Cherix, 1986).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BioControl 36 (1991), S. 335-352 
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: cockroache ; parasitoid ; biological control ; blatte ; parasitoïde ; lutte biologique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Certains aspects de la biologie et de l'action potentielle des hyménoptères parasites de blattes, des famillesAmpulicidae, Evaniidae, Pteromalidae, Eulophidae, Eupelmidae, etEncyrtidae ont été étudiés. Un intérêt particulier a été porté aux parasites d'espèces importantes de blattes, en particulier à celles qui ont été utilisées à titre expérimental dans des programmes de lutte intégrée. Les parasites les plus prometteurs furentAprostocetus hagenowii (Ratzeburg) contre les espècesPeriplaneta, etComperia merceti (Compere) contreSupella longipalpa (F.). Les études futures devraient se concentrer sur des techniques pratiques d'augmentation des populations de parasites, qui seraient compatibles avec d'autres méthodologies de lutte dans un environnement urbain.
    Notes: Abstract The biology and control potential of hymenopterous natural enemies of cockroaches in the familiesAmpulicidae, Evaniidae, Pteromalidae, Eulophidae, Eupelmidae, andEncyrtidae were reviewed. Emphasis was placed on parasitoids of major domiciliary cockroach species, especially those that have had experimental usage in integrated pest management programs. The most promising parasitoids wereAprostocetus hagenowii (Ratzeburg) againstPeriplaneta species, andComperia merceti (Compere) againstSupella longipalpa (F.). Future research should focus on practical augmentation techniques that will be compatible with other control methodologies in the urban environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; biological control ; Mexico ; Lebia ; Myiopharus ; Edovum puttleri ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; lutte biologique ; Mexique ; Lebia ; Myriopharus ; Edovum puttleri
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Dans la partie centrale du Mexique, zone d'origine deLeptinotarsa decemlineata (SAY) et de ses principales plante hôtes,L. decemlineata y est associé à un complexe d'ennemis naturels. Les obscrvations conduites durant 2 ans dans l'état de Morelos au Mexique révélaient, l'existence de 4 espèces de pentatomides asopine, 7 espèces de Carabes recherchant leurs proies au niveau des feuilles, et 2 Coccinelles parmi les prédateurs deL. decemlineata. Les parasitoïdes comprennent 3 espèces de tachinides etEdovum puttleri, eulophide oophage. Ces ennemis naturels comportent plusierus prédateurs qui n'avaient jamais été mentionnés antérieurement comme attaquantL. decemlineata.
    Notes: Abstract In central Mexico, the center of origin forLeptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) and its principal host plants,L. decemlineata is associated with a diverse complex of natural enemies. Observations during 2 years in Morelos, Mexico revealed 4 species of asopine pentatomids, 7 species of foliar searching carabids, and 2 coccinellids among the predators ofL. decemlineata. Parasitoids include 3 species of tachinids andEdovum puttleri Grissel, an eulophid egg parasitoid. These natural enemies include several predators that have not previously been reported attackingL. decemlineata.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Goniozus sensorius ; biological control ; oviposition behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Goniozus sensorius Gordh (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) est un parasite important de la Chenille du potiron,Diaphania indica (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Cet article donne une information détaillée sur le comportement de ponte deG. sensorius. Avant la ponte, le parasite paralyse temporairement la larve hôte. La paralysie dure environ 2 h. La ponte des œufs sur chaque larve demande 30–60 min. Les œufs sont déposés principalement sur le 6e et le 7e segment, et aucun sur les segments terminaux. La ponte est généralement limitée à un segment de la larve hôte; et occasionnellement à 3 segments. Le nombre maximum d'œufs est déposé au cours du second et du troisième jour après l'émergence et le nombre moyen d'œufs pondus sur chaque hôte larvaire est de 7.1.
    Notes: Abstract Goniozus sensorius Gordh (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) was recorded as a major parasite of the pumpkin caterpillar,Diaphania indica (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). This paper provides detailed information on the oviposition behaviour ofG. sensorius. Prior to oviposition, the parasite temporarily paralyses the host larva. The paralysed condition lasts for about 2 h. The egg laying process on each larva requires 30 to 60 min. The maximum number of eggs are laid on the 6th and 7th segment, and none in the terminal segments. Generally, oviposition is restricted to 1 segment of the host larva and occasionally on 3 segments. The maximum number of eggs are laid on the 2nd and 3rd day after emergence and the mean number of eggs laid on each host larva was 7.1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: lutte biologique ; établissement ; Epidinocarsis lopezi ; hyperparasite ; déplacement compétitif ; Cochenille du manioc ; Gabon ; biological control ; establishment ; Epidinocarsis lopezi ; hyperparasite ; competitive displacement ; Cassava mealybug ; Gabon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The exotic parasite,Epidinocarsis lopezi De Santis (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) was introduced in Gabon for the biological control of the Cassava mealybug (CM),Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero in 1986. The establishment of the parasite after introduction, shows a speed of dispersal of 70 to 120 km/year. The parasite spread more slowly in the rain forest than in the savannah zone. Changes in the parasitization rates according to CM density shows that the parasite is capable of maintaining a percentage of parasitism of 20 to 56% over a range of host densities of 2 to 16 parasitizable mealybugs. The establishment of the introduced parasite results in a competitive displacement of the local primary parasites and in a decline of the relative abundance of the hyperparasites in the fauna associated with the CM.
    Notes: Résumé Le parasite exotiqueEpidinocarsis lopezi de Santis (Hyménoptère, Encyrtidae) a été introduit au Gabon en vue de la lutte biologique contre la Cochenille du manioc,Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero. L'établissement du parasite constaté un an après son introduction montre que la vitesse de dispersion est de 70 à 120 km par an. La dispersion du parasite cst nettement plus lente en zone de forêt qu'en zonc de savane. L'évolution du pourcentage de parasitisme actif en fonction de la densité du ravageur montre que le parasite est capable de se maintenir à un taux de parasitisme compris entre 20 et 56%, pour des densités de population comprises entre 2 et 16 cochenilles par apex. L'établissement du parasite exotique se traduit dès la première année par un déplacement compétifif des parasites primaires indigènes de la biocoenose du manioc et une nette régression de l'abondance relative des hyperparasites dans l'entomocoenose. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent par ailleurs que pour un niveau trophique donné, l'abondance, exprimée en nombre d'hôtes parasités, est un bon indicateur de la compétitivité d'un parasite par rapport aux autres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BioControl 36 (1991), S. 481-491 
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Cotton leafworm ; Alabama argillacea ; biological control ; predation ; Alabama argillacea ; lutte biologique ; prédation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La destruction des premiers stades larvaires d'Alabama argillacea (Huebner) par les prédateurs naturels a été étudiée sur coton dans la région de Jaboticabal, Etat de Sao Paulo, Brésil, durant l'année 1986. La présence des arthropodes prédateurs indigènes montre une «attaque» de 78,0% et 88,9% des larves après exposition respective de 24 et 48 heures. Le rapport prédateur/proie de 1∶1 (1 chenille pour 1 prédateur — clé/plante) maintient un niveau de plus d'une petite larve d'A. argillacea par plante. Les arthropodes prédateurs les plus visibles dans les champs étudiés sont: les coccinelles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae); les fourmis (Pheidole sp.) etConomyrma sp.;Dermaptera Doru lineare (Eschs);Hemiptera Geocoris sp.,Nabis sp., etOrius insidiosus Say; et les araignées (Theridion volubile, Chrysso pulcherrima, Misumenops sp.,Chiracanthium sp. etOxyopes salticus Hentz.
    Notes: Abstract Natural predation first instar larvae of the cotton leafworm (CLW)A. argillacea was studied in cotton fields in Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, during 1986. The presence of naturally occurring arthropod predators showed a first instar larvae predation rate of 78.6 and 88.9% after 24 h and 48 h of exposure, respectively. A predator prey ratio of 1∶1 (1 CLW key predator per 1 prey/plant) maintained a level of no more than 1 CLW small larvae per plant. The most evident arthropod predators in the studied fields were: beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), antsPheidole sp. andConomyrma sp.;Dermaptera Doru lineare (Eschs);Hemiptera Geocoris sp., andOrius insidiosus Say; and the spidersTheridion volubile, Chrysso pulcherrima, Misumenops sp.,Chiracanthium sp., andOxyopes salticus Hentz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BioControl 36 (1991), S. 605-618 
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Longitarsus jacobaeae ; Senecio jacobaea ; biological control ; life cycle ; Longitarsus jacobaeae ; Senecio jacobaea ; lutte biologique ; cycle biologique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le cycle biologique et l'abondance de la chrysomèleLongitarsus jacobaeae (Waterhouse) ont été étudiés dans les dunes littorales de Hollande. L'espèce hiverne à l'état d'œuf. Les œufs peuvent être parasités par un hyménoptère Mymaridae. On ne peut pas trouver de larves avant le printemps. Il y a 3 stades larvaires qu'on peut distinguer par la mesure et la couleur de leur capsule céphalique. Au début, il y a beaucoup de larves par plante infestée (jusqu'à 214); en fin de printemps leur nombre est fortement réduit. Les adults apparaissent en Juin et Juillet et ils sont communs jusqu'en Octobre. Mais on peut les trouver normalement jusqu'à la fin de Décembre. Ce cycle est nettement différent de celui décrit pour l'espèce en Suisse, en Italie et en Grande Bretagne. Ces différences et les conséquences pour la lutte biologique contre le Séneçon avecLongitarsus sont discutées.
    Notes: Abstract The life cycle and abundance of the tansy ragwort flea beetle,Longitarsus jacobaeae (Waterhouse), were investigated in a dune area in the Netherlands. The beetle overwinters in the egg stage, which is parasitised by a Mymarid wasp. No larvae were found until spring. Three larval instars can be separated by head capsule size and coloration. Initial larval numbers are high (up to 214 larvae per plant), but drop to very low levels by late spring. Adults appear during June or July, the numbers are high until October, the adults can be found until the end of December. This life cycle differs remarkably from those described for the species in Switzerland, Italy and Britain. Possible causes for these differences are discussed, as well as implications for the use ofLongitarsus in biological control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Chamaesphecia doryliformis ; Rumex spp. ; biological control ; host-specificity ; Mediterranean region ; Chamaesphecia doryliformis ; Rumex spp. ; lutte biologique ; spécificité plante hôte ; région méditerranéenne
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La biologie et la spécificité deChamaesphecia doryliformis (Ochsenheimer) [Lep.: Sesiidae] sont décrites, et l'efficacité potentielle de cet insecte en tant qu'agent de lutte biologique contre les mauvaises herbes du genreRumex (Polygonaceae) en Australie est discutée. L'insecte est localisé dans la partie occidentale du bassin Méditerranéen, principalement en Afrique duNord. Les adultes apparaissent et pondent au printemps. Les larves se développent à l'intérieur des racines des plantes ayant déjà fleuri. Les plantes attaquées appartiennent aux sous-genresRumex etAcetosa. Au cours de tests de spécificité avec des larves du 1er stade, seules des plantes de la famille desPolygonaceae furent l'objet de dégâts. L'insecte fut jugé apte à être introduit en Australie après que l'étude de sa biologie et de sa spécificité eut démontré que lesPolygonaceae endémiques ne seraient pas menacées.
    Notes: Abstract The host-specificity and biology ofChamaesphecia doryliformis (Ochsenheimer) [Lep.: Sesiidae] are described and the insect is assessed for its potential as a biological control agent for weeds of the genusRumex (Polygonaceae) in Australia. The insect is found in the western Mediterranean region, chiefly in north Africa. Adults emerge from pupation in late spring to summer when they lay eggs. The larvae feed inside the roots of post-reproductive plants belonging to the subgeneraRumex andAcetosa. In host-specificity tests 1st instar larvae attacked only plants of thePolygonaceae. The insect was judged safe to release in Australia after assessing its level of host-specificity, and attributes of its biology which indicate that native AustralianPolygonaceae will not be endangered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Nabis roseipennis ; Anticarsia gemmatalis ; Baculoviridae ; nuclear polyhedrosis ; soybean ; predation ; biological control ; Nabis roseipennis ; Anticarsia gemmatalis ; Baculoviridae ; polyédrose nucléaire ; soja ; prédation ; lutte biologique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Lorsque, en laboratoire et sur le soja, le choix entre des larves saines et des larves infectées par le virus de la polyédrose nucléaire (NPV) a été offert aux nymphes deNabis roseipennis, ces dernières ont démontré une préférence pour les larves infectées. En laboratoire, (boîtes de Pétri), les nymphes de petite (2e et 3e stade larvaire) et de grosse taille (5e et 6e stade) ont attaqué un nombre significativement plus élevé de larves malades que de larves saines à tous les stades de développement larvaire testés (du 1er au 5e) et aux périodes d'exposition (2, 5, et 24 heures), excepté qu'à la période de 2 h, le nombre de 1er et de 3e stade larvaire attaqué par les nymphes de grosse taille n'a pas différé de manière significative (P≤0,05). Dans la pépinière et après une période de 2 jours, la mise en cage desNabis roseipennis avec des plants de soja individuels a entraîné un pourcentage d'attaque par les nymphes de petite et de grosse taille généralement bas, allant de 5,6 à 36,7%. Quant au soja, et comme pour les boîtes de Pétri, les nabids ont montré qu'ils préféraient de manière significative, les larves malades aux larves saines. Ils ont attaqué les malades quel que soit le stade de développement des nabids et des larves, le pourcentage de larves malades attaquées allant alors de 28,0 à 65,4% (P≤0,05). Cette préférence pour les larves malades, aussi bien sur le soja qu'en laboratoire, indique que cette préférence n'est pas due à la proximité de l'hôte et de la proie dans les boîtes de Pétri. La préférence pour les larves malades peut être due à l'affaiblissement du mécanisme de défense qui a lieu pendant les stades avancés de la maladie.
    Notes: Abstract Nabis roseipennis Reuter nymphs demonstrated a preference for nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) — infected over healthyAnticarsia gemmatalis Hübner larvae when offered a choice of larval prey in Petri dishes and on soybean. In Petri dishes, small (second-third instar) and large (fifth-sixth instar) nymphs attacked a significantly greater number of diseased than healthy larvae at all larval instars tested (first-fifth instars) and exposure periods (2, 5 and 24 h), except that at 2 h the number of 1st and 3rd instar larvae attacked by large nymphs did not differ significantly (P≤0.05). Nabis roseipennis caged with larvae on individual soybean plants in the greenhouse resulted in a generally low percentage of attack by small and large nymphs after 2 days, ranging from 5.6 to 36.7%. As in the Petri dishes, the nabids showed a significant preference for diseased larvae over healthy larvae attacked for all nabid and larval sizes on soybean, with the percentage of diseased larvae attacked ranging from 28.0 to 65.4% (P≤0.05). This preference for diseased larvae on soybean as well as in Petri dishes demonstrates that the preference was not due to the close proximity in which the host and prey were found in the Petri dishes. The preference for diseased larvae may be due to a reduction in a defensive response in late stages of disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Amblyseius barkeri ; Amblyseius cucumeris ; Thrips tabaci ; cabbage ; biological control ; Amblyseius barkeri ; Amblyseius cucumeris ; Thrips tabaci ; chou ; lutte biologique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Deux espèces d'acariens prédateurs,Amblyseius barkeri (Hugues [=A. mckenziei Schuster & Pritchard] etAmblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans), ont été testés comme agents de lutte biologique potentiels contreThrips tabaci Lindeman sur chou.A. barkeri colonisa les pommes des choux durant les essais préliminaires. Des lâchers en plein champ de différents nombres d'A. barkeri en 1987 ont démontré que les thrips sur choux étaient réduits proportionnellement au nombre d'acariens lâchés, mais le dommage dû aux thrips demeurait identique. En 1988, des lâchers en plein champ d'un même nombre d'A. cucumeris, mais à des périodes différentes, ont démontré que les premiers lâchers réduisaient au maximum le nombre de thrips et les dommages à la récolte, mais cette corrélation n'était pas établie quand les pyréthroides sont employés. Nous concluons qu'un lâcher inoculatif d'Amblyseius spp. est une stratégie potentielle utilisable contre les thrips du chou, en perfectionnant le choix du nombre et du moment des lâchers, pour rendre la lutte acceptable sur le plan commercial.
    Notes: Abstract Two species of predaceous mites,Amblyseius barkeri (Hughes) [=A. mckenziei Schuster & Pritchard] andA. cucumeris (Oudemans) [Acarina: Phytoseiidae] were evaluated as potential biological control agents forThrips tabaci Lindeman [Thysanoptera: Thripidae] on cabbage.A. barkeri colonized cabbage heads in preliminary trials. Field releases of different numbers of mites per plant during 1987 showed thatA. barkeri reduced the number of thrips in cabbage heads at harvest, and the reduction was proportional to the number of mites released, but thrips damage was unaffected. ReleasingA. cucumeris at different times during 1988, but releasing the same number of mites each time, we found that earlier releases resulted in fewer thrips and less damage at harvest; these relationships were not present, however, in plots treated with pyrethroid insecticides. We conclude that inoculative release ofAmblyseius spp. is a potentially useful thrips management strategy, but improvements in release timing and strategy will be required to provide commercially acceptable control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Coccus celatus ; Coccus viridis ; Metaphycus stanleyi ; Metaphycus baruensis ; Diversinervus stramineus ; Coccophagus rusti ; biological control ; Coccus celatus ; Coccus viridis ; Coccus alpinus ; Metaphycus stanleyi ; Metaphycus baruensis ; Diversinervus stramineus ; Coccophagus rusti ; lutte biologique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les cochenilles vertesCoccus celatus De Lotto etC. viridis Green font partie des plus grands fléaux du caféier en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée (P.N.G.) Des études sur les ennemis naturels des cochenilles vertes ont été menées au Kenya pour trouver les espèces appropriées à introduire en P.N.G. Il s'est avéré que ces ennemis naturels forment des communautés différentes, en particulier ceux trouvés dans les hautes terres centrales où 3 parasitoïdes primaires,Metaphycus stanleyi Compere,M. baruensis Noyes andDiversinervus stramineus Compere — (Encyrtidae) y dominent surC. celatus etC. alpinus De Lotto. Il est suggéré que ces 3 parasitoïdes soient des agents de lutte biologique possible contreC. celatus. Plusieurs insectes prédateurs ont été trouvés en compagnie deC. celatus dans les hautes terres centrales, mais la plupart n'étaient actifs que dans les populations de cochenilles sans fourmis. Un seul ennemi naturel deC. viridis, l'aphélinide parasitoïde primaireCoccophagus rusti Compere, a été trouvé. Cette espèce, quoiqu'il en soit, pourrait être un agent potentiel de lutte biologique du fait de son utilisation antérieure contre cette cochenille.
    Notes: Abstract Coffee green scales,Coccus celatus De Lotto andC. viridis (Green), are major pests of coffee in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Surveys for insect natural enemies of coffee green scales were conducted in Kenya to find species suitable for introduction to PNG. Natural enemy communities in Kenya were found to be diverse, particularly those located in the central highlands where 3 primary parasitoids,Metaphycus stanleyi Compere,M. baruensis Noyes andDiversinervus stramineus Compere (Encyrtidae), were dominant onC. celatus andC. alpinus De Lotto. It is suggested that these 3 parasitoids may be potential biological control agents forC. celatus. Several insect predators were found associated withC. celatus in the central highlands but most were only common in ant-free scale populations. An aphelinid primary parasitoid,Coccophagus rusti Compere, was the only natural enemy ofC. viridis located. This species, however, could be of potential as a biological control agent, especially in view of its previous use in biological control against soft scales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...