ALBERT

Note: Contents: Part I: Dynamics of the Green Transition; 1. Introduction; 2. Evolutionary Dynamics of Our Industrial Civilization; 3. Ecomodernization –with ‘Chinese Characteristics’; 4. Sociotechnical Transitions: A Sixth Wave; 5. No Wonder China and India Are Pursuing Green Growth Strategies So Vigorously; 6. Finance Now Playing a Central Role in the Green Shift; 7. Can the China Model Be Utilized by Other Industrializing Countries?; 8. Green Growth Development Strategies, Local Content Requirements and World Trade; 9. Farewell Fossil Fuels; Part II: Sixth Wave Eco- Innovations; 10. Global Population Peaking […] and Urbanizing; 11. Energy That Is Clean, Cheap, Abundant – and Safe; 12. Reframing Renewables as Enhancing Energy Security; 13. The Myths of ‘Renewistan’; 14. Recirculation and Regeneration of Resources (Circular Economy); 15. Food and Fresh Water Production; 16. Energy, Water, Food for Cities: Deploying a Positive Triple Nexus; 17. Eco- Cities of the Future; 18. When Ceres Meets Gaia; Bibliography; Index.

Note: Chapter 1 (Introduction) - New Rules: Old Lessons? -- Chapter 2 - A New Starting Point: ‘Values-up’ not ‘Numbers-down’ -- Chapter 3 - New stories: Frames and Narratives for building public engagement -- Chapter 4 - New social norms: breaking the ‘climate silence’ -- Chapter 5 - New Voices: Shifting the debate from scientific to social reality -- Chapter 6 - New Rules: A Blueprint for public engagement on energy and climate change

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Chapter 1. Dignity in Homer and Classical Greece ; Chapter 2. Dignity in Roman and Stoic Thought ; Reflection: Dignity in Confucian and Buddhist Thought ; Chapter 3. Dignity After the Fall ; Chapter 4. Islamic Conceptions of Dignity: Historical Trajectories and Paradigms ; Chapter 5. Dignity, Vile Bodies and Nakedness: Giovanni Pico and Giannozzo Manetti ; Reflection: Portraiture, Social Positioning, and Displays of Dignity in Early Modern London ; Chapter 6. Equal Dignity and Rights ; Chapter 7. Human Dignity Before Kant: Denis Diderot's Passionate Person ; Chapter 8. Dignity: Kant's Revolutionary Conception ; Reflection: A Time For Dignity ; Chapter 9. Bourgeois Dignity: Making the Self-Made Man ; Reflection: Taking refuge from history in morality: Marx, Morality, and Dignity ; Chapter 10. Universalizing Dignity in the Nineteenth Century ; Reflection: Why Bioethics isn't Ready for Human Dignity ; Chapter 11. Sympathy and Dignity in Early Africana Philosophy ; Reflection: Death and Dignity in American Law

Note: Contents: 1 Future water use in the Guanting basin under climate change and socio-economic transition ; 2 The geographical setting for integrated water resource management in the Guanting basin ; 3 Regional climate modeling ; 4 Simulation of natural water availability with the eco-hydrological model SWIM ; 5 Quality assessment of SWIM-Guanting simulations ; 6 Regionalization of socio-economic scenarios and adaptation options for the Guanting basin ; 7 Water Quantity Management – the Model WBalMo ; 8 Monitoring of trophic status and phytoplankton in water bodies of the Guanting basin ; 9 Water quality management: modeling of nutrient emissions with MONERIS ; 10 Reservoirs of the Guanting basin ; 11 Impacts and adaptation ; 12 Exploring alternative water distribution rules with behavioral irrigation experiments ; 13 InfoSYS Guanting ; Glossary

Note: Contents: INTRODUCTION ; Part 1 ASIA AND THE PACIFIC AT A GLANCE ; Part 2 CLIMATE CHANGE IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC: OBSERVATIONS AND PROJECTIONS ; Part 3 CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON HUMAN SYSTEMS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC ; CONCLUSION

Note: Contents: The Theory of Externalities and Public Goods: The Lifework of Richard Cornes ; Efficiency in Contests Between Groups ; Multiple-Aggregate Games ; Strategic Coalition Formation in Global Public Good Provision ; Evolution of Consistent Conjectures in Semi-aggregative Representation of Games, with Applications to Public Good Games and Contests ; Mixed-Strategy Kant-Nash Equilibrium and Private Contributions to a Public Good ; Social Creation of Pro-social Preferences for Collective Action ; Community Size and Public Goods in Hume’s Treatise of Human Nature ; Decentralized Leadership ; Debt NeutralityWithout Altruism: Voluntary Contributions to Public Goods as ‘Operative Linkages’ ; Counterterrorism: A Public Goods Approach ; Linguistic Assimilation and Ethno-religious Conflict ; International Carbon Trade and National Taxes: Distributional Impacts of Double Regulation ; Thinking Local but Acting Global? The Interplay Between Local and Global Internalization of Externalities ; Showdown in Schönau: A Contest Case Study

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction ; 2. Observing Behavior ; 3 Asking Questions ; 4. Running Experiments ; 5. Creating Mass Collaboration ; 6. Ethics ; 7. The Future

Note: Contents: 1 Business-Cycle Facts Around the World ; 2 An Open Endowment Economy ; 3 An Open Economy with Capital ; 4 The Open Economy Real-Business-Cycle Model ; 5 Business Cycles in Emerging Countries: Productivity Shocks versus Financial Friction ; 6 Interest-Rate Shocks ; 7 Importable Goods, Exportable Goods, and the Terms of Trade ; 8 Nontradable Goods and the Real Exchange Rate ; 9 Nominal Rigidity, Exchange Rates, and Unemployment ; 10 Exchange-Rate Policy and Capital Controls ; 11 Policy Credibility and Balance-of-Payments Crises ; 12 Financial Frictions and Aggregate Instability ; 13 Sovereign Default

Note: Contents List of Acronyms List of Symbols Foreword Preface Prologue Chapter 1 Introduction to Ocean Dynamics 1.1 Types, Advantages, and Limitations of Ocean Models 1.2 Recent Examples 1.3 Governing Equations 1.4 Vorticity Conservation 1.5 Nondimensional Numbers and Scales of Motion 1.6 Geostrophic Flow and Thermal Wind 1.7 Inertial Motions 1.8 Ekman Layers 1.9 Sverdrup Transport 1.10 Western Boundary Intensification (Stommel Solution) 1.11 Gyre Scale Circulation (Munk Solution) 1.12 Barotropic Currents over Topography 1.13 Baroclinic Transport over Topography 1.14 Coastal Upwelling and Fronts 1.15 Mesoscale Eddies and Variability 1.16 Thermohaline Circulation and Box (Reservoir) Models 1.17 Numerical Models Chapter 2 Introduction to Numerical Solutions 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Architecture 2.1.2 Computational Errors 2.2 Ordinary Differential Equations 2.2.1 Runge-Kutta Method 2.3 Partial.Differential Equations 2.3.1 Consistency, Convergence, and Stability 2.3.2 Elliptic, Hyperbolic, and Parabolic Systems 2.4 Elliptic Equations and Steady-State Problems 2.4.1 Direct Solvers 2.4.2 Iterative Solvers and Relaxation Methods 2.4.3 Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Method 2.4.4 Multigrid Methods 2.4.5 Pseudo-transient Method 2.5 Time Dependent Problems 2.5.1 Advection Equation and Hyperbolic Systems 2.5.2 Diffusion Equation and Parabolic Systems 2.6 Finite-Difference (Grid Point) Methods 2.6.1 Staggered Grids 2.6.2 Time Differencing and Filtering 2.6.3 Computational Grids 2.7 Spectral (Spectral Transform) Methods 2.8 Finite-Element Methods 2.8.1 Spectral Element Approach 2.9 Parameterization of Subgrid Scale Processes 2.10 Lateral Open Boundary Conditions 2.11 Computational Issues 2.12 Examples 2.12.1 Inertial Oscillations 2.12.2 Thermohaline Circulation 2.12.3 Normal Modes 2.12.4 Gyre Scale Circulation 2.12.5 Advection Problems 2.12.6 M.I.T. Nonhydrostatic Global Model Chapter 3 Equatorial Dynamics and Reduced Gravity Models Solutions 3.1 Oceanic Dynamical Response to Forcing 3.2 Governing Equations 3.3 Equatorial Waves 3.3.1 Kelvin Waves 3.3.2 Yanai Waves 3.3.3 Rossby Waves 3.3.4 Inertia-Gravity (Poincare) Waves 3.4 Equatorial Currents 3.5 Reduced Gravity Model of Equatorial Processes Chapter 4 Midlatitude Dynamics and Quasi-Geostrophic Models 4.1 Linear Motions 4.1.1 Inertia-Gravity (Sverdrup/Poincare) Waves 4.1.2 Kelvin Waves 298 4.1.3 Planetary Ross by Waves 4.1.4 Topographic Rossby Waves 4.2 Continuous Stratification 4.3 Geostrophic Adjustment and Instabilities 4.3.1 Geostrophic Adjustment 4.3.2 Instabilities 4.4 Spinup 4.5 Quasi-Geostrophic Models 4.5.1 Governing Equations 4.5.2 Applications Chapter 5 High-Latitude Dynamics and Sea-Ice Models 5.1 Salient Features of Ice Cover 5.2 Momentum Equations for Sea Ice 5.3 Constitutive Law for Sea Ice (Ice Rheology) 5.3.1 Viscous-Plastic Ice Rheology 5.3.2 Elastic-Viscous-Plastic Ice Rheology 5.4 Continuity Equations for Sea Ice 5.5 Response of Sea Ice to Storm Passage 5.6 Numerics 5.6.1 Governing Equations in Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates 5.6.2 Solution Technique Chapter 6 Tides and Tidal Modeling 6.1 Description of Tides 6.2 Formulation: Tidal Potential 6.3 Body, Load, Atmospheric, and Radiational Tides 6.3.1 Body (Solid Earth) Tides 6.3.2 Load Tides 6.3.3 Atmospheric Tides 6.3.4 Radiational Tides 6.4 Dynamical Theory of Tides: Laplace Tidal Equations 6.5 Equilibrium Theory of Tides 6.6 Tidal Analysis: Orthotides 6.7 Tidal Currents 6.8 Global Tidal Models 6.9 Regional Tidal Models 6.10 Geophysical Implications 6.10.1 Tidal Dissipation and LOD 6.10.2 Tidal Energetics 6.11 Changes in Earth's Rotation 6.12 Baroclinic (Internal) Tides 6.13 Long-Period Tides 6.14 Shallow Water Tides and Residual Currents 6.15 Summary Chapter 7 Coastal Dynamics and Barotropic Models 7.1 Wind- and Buoyancy-Driven Currents 7.2 Tidal Motions 7.3 Continental Shelf Waves 7.4 Modeling Shelf Circulation 7.5 Barotropic Models 7.5.1 Coastal Ocean Response to Wind Forcing 7.5.2 Storm Surges and Storm Surge Modeling 7.5.3 Response to Pressure Forcing Chapter 8 Data and Data Processing 8.1 In Situ Observational Data 8.1.1 XBT, CTD, CM, ADCP, and Drifter Data 8.1.2 Historical Hydrographic Data 8.1.3 Historical Marine Surface Data 8.2 Remotely Sensed Data 8.2.1 Sea Surface Temperature from IR Sensors 8.2.2 Sea Surface Winds from Microwave Sensors 8.2.3 Chlorophyll and Optical Clarity from Color Sensors 8.2.4 Sea Surface Height from Satellite Altimetry 8.3 NWP Products 8.4 Preprocessing of Observational Data and Postprocessing of Model Output 8.4.1 Graphics and Visualization of Model Output 8.4.2 Analyses Chapter 9 Sigma-Coordinate Regional and Coastal Models 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Governing Equations 9.3 Vertical Mixing 9.4 Boundary Conditions 9.5 Mode Splitting 9.6 Numerics 9.6.1 Vertical Direction 9.6.2 Horizontal Direction 9.7 Numerical Problems 9.8 Applications 9.9 Code Structure Chapter 10 Multilevel Basin Scale and Global Models 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Governing Equations 10.3 Isopycnal Diffusion 10.4 Architecture and Other Model Features 10.5 Applications 10.6 Hybrid s-Coordinate Models 10.7 Regional z-Level Models Chapter 11 Layered and Isopycnal Models 11.1 Layered Models 11.2 Isopycnal Models Chapter 12 Ice-Ocean Coupled Models 12.1 Sea-Ice Models 12.2 Coupled Ice-Ocean Models Chapter 13 Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled Models 13.1 Coupling between the Ocean and the Atmosphere 13.2 Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Models 13.3 Regional Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Models Chapter 14 Data Assimilation and Nowcasts/ Forecasts 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Direct Insertion 14.3 Nudging 14.4 Statistical Assimilation Schemes 14.4.1 Kalman Filter 14.4.2 Reduced State Space Kalman Filters 14.4.3 Optimal Interpolation (OI) Scheme 14.5 Variational Methods 14.5.1 Adjoint Models 14.6 Predictability of Nonlinear Systems-Low Order Paradigms 14.7 Nowcasts/Forecasts in the Gulf of Mexico Appendix A Equations of State A.1 Equation of State for the Ocean A.2 Equation of State for the Atmosphere Appendix B Wavelet Transforms B.1 Introduction B.1.1 Theory B.1.2 Continuous Wavelet Transforms (CWT) B.1.3 Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT) B.2 Examples B.3 Wavelet Transforms and Stochastic Processes B.4 Two-Dimensional Wavelet Transforms B.5 Cross Wavelet Transforms (CrWT) B.6 Error Analysis Appendix C Empirical Orthogonal Functions and Empirical Normal Modes C.1 Empirical Orthogonal Functions C.1.1 Complex EOFs C.1.2 Singular Spectrum Analysis C.1.3 Extended EOFs C.1.4 Coupled Pattern Analysis C.2 Empirical Normal Modes Appendix D Units and Constants D.1 Useful Quantities D.1.1 SI (International System of Units) Units and Conventions D.1.2 Useful Conversion Factors D.1.3 Useful Universal Constants D.1.4 Useful Geodetic Constants D.1.5 Useful Physical Constants D.1.6 Useful Dynamical Quantities D.2 Important Scales and Quantities D.2.1 Length Scales D.2.2 Timescales D.2.3 Velocity Scales D.2.4 Nondimensional Quantities D.3 Useful Websites References Biographies Index

Note: Contents: Chapter 1 The Space and Strategy of Demographic Growth ; Chapter 2 Demographic Growth ; Chapter 3 Land, Labor, and Population ; Chapter 4 Toward Order and Efficiency ; Chapter 5 The Populations of Poor Countries ; Chapter 6 The Future ; Major Scientific Journals for Further Reading

Note: Contents: TITLE PAGE -- COPYRIGHT PAGE -- CONTENTS -- CONTRIBUTORS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- PART I FORCINGS OF CLIMATE EXTREMES -- CHAPTER 1 THE CHANGING EL NIÑO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION AND ASSOCIATED CLIMATE EXTREMES -- 1.1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.2. CHANGES IN ENSO PROPERTIES -- 1.3. CHANGES IN ENSO DYNAMICS -- 1.4. CHANGES IN ENSO TELECONNECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED CLIMATE EXTREMES -- 1.5. ENSO IN THE FUTURE -- 1.6. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2 WEATHER EXTREMES LINKED TO INTERACTION OF THE ARCTIC AND MIDLATITUDES -- 2.1. INTRODUCTION -- 2.2. ARCTIC EFFECTS ON MIDLATITUDE EXTREMES -- 2.3. MIDLATITUDE EFFECTS ON ARCTIC EXTREMES -- 2.4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3 IMPACT OF AEROSOLS ON REGIONAL CHANGES IN CLIMATE EXTREMES -- 3.1. INTRODUCTION -- 3.2. DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF AEROSOLS ON CLOUDS AND RADIATION -- 3.3. AEROSOL IMPACT ON REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE -- 3.4. Mitigation scenarios for aerosol emissions -- 3.5. AEROSOL EFFECT ON TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION EXTREMES -- 3.6. FUTURE RESEARCH NEEDS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4 WEAKENED FLOW, PERSISTENT CIRCULATION, AND PROLONGED WEATHER EXTREMES IN BOREAL SUMMER -- 4.1. INTRODUCTION -- 4.2. RESONANT CIRCULATION REGIMES -- 4.3. REAL EVENTS -- 4.4. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5 LAND PROCESSES AS THE FORCING OF EXTREMES: A REVIEW -- 5.1. INTRODUCTION -- 5.2. FORCINGS OF LAND PROCESSES ON CLIMATE EXTREMES -- 5.3. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- PART II PROCESSES OF CLIMATE EXTREMES -- CHAPTER 6 TIMING OF ANTHROPOGENIC EMERGENCE IN CLIMATE EXTREMES -- 6.1. INTRODUCTION -- 6.2. DEFINING TIME OF EMERGENCE -- 6.3. DATA AND METHODS -- 6.4. RESULTS -- 6.5. DISCUSSION -- 6.6. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES CHAPTER 7 RECENT INCREASES IN EXTREME TEMPERATURE OCCURRENCE OVER LAND -- 7.1. INTRODUCTION -- 7.2. DATA AND METHODOLOGY -- 7.3. RESULTS -- 7.4. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8 WHY FUTURE SHIFTS IN TROPICAL PRECIPITATION WILL LIKELY BE SMALL: THE LOCATION OF THE TROPICAL RAIN BELT AND THE HEMISPHERIC CONTRAST OF ENERGY INPUT TO THE ATMOSPHERE -- 8.1. INTRODUCTION -- 8.2. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ITCZ POSITION AND HEMISPHERIC CONTRAST OF ATMOSPHERIC HEATING -- 8.3. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SEASONAL CYCLE OF ITCZ MIGRATION AND THE ANNUAL MEAN PRECIPITATION DISTRIBUTION -- 8.4. IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE ITCZ SHIFTS UNDER GLOBAL WARMING -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9 WEATHER-CLIMATE INTERACTIONS AND MJO INFLUENCES -- 9.1. INTRODUCTION -- 9.2. THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE MJO, BACKGROUND STATE, AND SYNOPTIC WEATHER -- 9.3. A CASE STUDY ON INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION AND EL NIÑO -- 9.4. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE MJO AND BREAKING WAVES -- 9.5. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE MJO, TROPICAL CYCLONES, AND THE EXTRATROPICAL CIRCULATION -- 9.6. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10 RECENT CLIMATE EXTREMES ASSOCIATED WITH THE WEST PACIFIC WARMING MODE -- 10.1. INTRODUCTION -- 10.2. BACKGROUND -- 10.3. DATA AND METHODS -- 10.4. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN HEAT WAVES AND CIRCUMGLOBAL TELECONNECTION PATTERNS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SUMMER -- 11.1. INTRODUCTION -- 11.2. DATA AND METHODS -- 11.3. DISTRIBUTION OF HEAT WAVES -- 11.4. PLANETARY WAVES ASSOCIATED WITH THE HEAT WAVES -- 11.5. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- PART III REGIONAL CLIMATE EXTREMES -- CHAPTER 12 NORTH AMERICAN DROUGHT AND LINKS TO NORTHERN EURASIA: THE ROLE OF STATIONARY ROSSBY WAVES -- 12.1. INTRODUCTION -- 12.2. REANALYSIS DATA AND THE GEOS-5 AGCM EXPERIMENTS -- 12.3. RESULTS -- 12.4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 13 THE CALIFORNIA DROUGHT: TRENDS AND IMPACTS -- 13.1. INTRODUCTION -- 13.2. THE PROLONGED DROUGHT OF 2012-2016 -- 13.3. ROLE OF ENSO CYCLE -- 13.4. ARCTIC INFLUENCES -- 13.5. DROUGHT IMPACTS ON CALIFORNIA -- 13.6. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 14 OBSERVED TRENDS IN US TORNADO FREQUENCY -- 14.1. INTRODUCTION -- 14.2. STORM DATA TORNADO DATABASE -- 14.3. US TORNADO CLIMATOLOGY -- 14.4. CHANGES IN US TORNADO STATISTICS -- 14.5. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 15 MECHANISMS EXPLAINING RECENT CHANGES IN AUSTRALIAN CLIMATE EXTREMES -- 15.1. INTRODUCTION -- 15.2. AUSTRALIAN RAINFALL EXTREMES OF 2010-2012 -- 15.3. AUSTRALIA'S TEMPERATURE EXTREMES OF 2013 -- 15.4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 16 UNRAVELING EAST AFRICA'S CLIMATE PARADOX -- 16.1. INTRODUCTION -- 16.2. THE NATURE OF THE RECENT EAST AFRICAN LONG RAINS DECLINE -- 16.3. LINKS TO PACIFIC DECADAL VARIABILITY -- 16.4. PHYSICAL CONSIDERATIONS -- 16.5. CLIMATE MODEL SIMULATIONS OF EAST AFRICAN CLIMATE -- 16.6. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 17 A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR EXTREME DROUGHT OVER SOUTHWEST ASIA -- 17.1. INTRODUCTION -- 17.2. PRECIPITATION PATTERNS -- 17.3. SST RELATIONSHIPS -- 17.4. ATMOSPHERIC TELECONNECTIONS -- 17.5. SUMMARY -- APPENDIX: DATA -- REFERENCES -- PART IV PREDICTION OF CLIMATE EXTREMES -- CHAPTER 18 EXTRATROPICAL PRECURSORS OF THE EL NIÑO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION -- 18.1. INTRODUCTION -- 18.2. OVERVIEW OF PRECURSORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ENSO -- 18.3. DATA AND DEFINITIONS -- 18.4. EVALUATION OF PRECURSOR VARIABILITY AND COVARIABILITY -- 18.5. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRECURSORS AND ENSO -- 18.6. DIAGNOSING PRECURSORS AS ENSO PREDICTORS -- 18.7. RELATIONSHIP OF EXTRATROPICAL PRECURSORS TO 2014 AND 2015 EL NIñO -- 18.8. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 19 NORTH ATLANTIC SEASONAL HURRICANE PREDICTION: UNDERLYING SCIENCE AND AN EVALUATION OF STATISTICAL MODELS -- 19.1. INTRODUCTION -- 19.2. STATISTICALLY BASED SEASONAL HURRICANE OUTLOOK MODELS -- 19.3. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 20 PREDICTING SUBSEASONAL PRECIPITATION VARIATIONS BASED ON THE MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION -- 20.1. INTRODUCTION -- 20.2. THE MJO INFLUENCE ON THE VARIABILITY OF PRECIPITATION -- 20.3. FORECASTING THE MJO -- 20.4. THE MJO AND PREDICTABILITY OF PRECIPITATION -- 20.5. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 21 PREDICTION OF SHORT-TERM CLIMATE EXTREMES WITH A MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE -- 21.1. INTRODUCTION -- 21.2. PREDICTION SKILL -- 21.3. PREDICTABILITY -- 21.4. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 22 TOWARD PREDICTING US TORNADOES IN THE LATE 21ST CENTURY -- 22.1. PROJECTING CHANGES IN US TORNADO ACTIVITY USING ENVIRONMENTAL PROXIES -- 22.2. SHORT-TERM TORNADO PREDICTION USING HIGH RESOLUTION MODELS AND APPLICATIONS TO DYNAMICAL DOWNSCALING -- 22.3. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX

Note: Contents: Part One: Value ; Chapter: 1. Introduction to Corporate Finance ; Chapter: 2. How to Calculate Present Values ; Chapter: 3. Valuing Bonds ; Chapter: 4. The Value of Common Stocks ; Chapter: 5. Net Present Value and Other Investment Criteria ; Chapter: 6. Making Investment Decisions with the Net Present Value Rule ; Part Two: Risk ; Chapter: 7. Introduction to Risk and Return ; Chapter: 8. Portfolio Theory and the Capital Asset Pricing Model ; Chapter: 9. Risk and the Cost of Capital ; Part Three: Best Practices in Capital Budgeting ; Chapter: 10. Project Analysis ; Chapter: 11. Investment, Strategy, and Economic Rents ; Chapter: 12. Agency Problems, Compensation, and Performance Measurement ; Part Four: Financing Decisions and Market Efficiency ; Chapter: 13. Efficient Markets and Behavioral Finance ; Chapter: 14. An Overview of Corporate Financing ; Chapter: 15. How Corporations Issue Securities ; Part Five: Payout Policy and Capital Structure ; Chapter: 16. Payout Policy ; Chapter: 17. Does Debt Policy Matter? ; Chapter: 18. How Much Should a Corporation Borrow? ; Chapter: 19. Financing and Valuation ; Part Six: Options ; Chapter: 20. Understanding Options ; Chapter: 21. Valuing Options ; Chapter: 22. Real Options ; Part Seven: Debt Financing ; Chapter: 23. Credit Risk and the Value of Corporate Debt ; Chapter: 24. The Many Different Kinds of Debt ; Chapter: 25. Leasing ; Part Eight: Risk Management ; Chapter: 26. Managing Risk ; Chapter: 27. Managing International Risks ; Part Nine: Financial Planning and Working Capital Management ; Chapter: 28. Financial Analysis ; Chapter: 29. Financial Planning ; Chapter: 30. Working Capital Management ; Part Ten: Mergers, Corporate Control, and Governance ; Chapter: 31. Mergers ; Chapter: 32. Corporate Restructuring ; Chapter: 33. Governance and Corporate Control Around the World ; Part Eleven: Conclusion ; Chapter: 34. Conclusion: What We Do and Do Not Know About Finance

Note: Contents: Introduction PART I CONCEPTS AND GLOBAL ISSUES 1. The Social Dimensions of Climate Change 2. Human needs and sustainable wellbeing 3. Climate capitalism: emissions, inequality, green growth 4. Sustainable wellbeing, necessary emissions and fair burdens PART II TOWARDS ECO-SOCIAL POLICY IN THE RICH WORLD 5. From welfare states to climate mitigation states? 6. Decarbonising the economy and its social consequences 7. Decarbonising consumption: Needs, necessities and eco-social policies 8. Post-growth, redistribution and wellbeing 9. Conclusion: A three-stage transition

Note: Contents -- Chapter 1: Engaging with Environmental Transformation in Oceania -- Chapter 2: Climate Change, Christian Religion and Songs: Revisiting the Noah Story in the Central Pacific -- Chapter 3: Climate Change and Worries over Land: Articulations in the Atoll State of Kiribati -- Chapter 4: Experiencing Environmental Dynamics in Chuuk, Micronesia -- Chapter 5: Young ni-Vanuatu Encounter Climate Change: Reception of Knowledge and New Discourses -- Chapter 6: Whose Beach, Which Nature? Coproducing Coastal Naturecultures and Erosion Control in Aotearoa New Zealand -- Chapter 7: The ``White Magic´´ of Modernity: Retracing Indigenous Environmental Knowledge in Settler-Colonialist Australia -- Chapter 8: Naturally Occurring Asbestos: The Perception of Rocks in the Mountains of New Caledonia -- Chapter 9: Epilogue: Re-building Ships at Sea: Ontological Innovation in Action -- Index

Note: Contents: Part 1: Introduction ; 1 Understanding Change Through the Lens of Resilience ; Part 2: Recognizing Vulnerability ; 2 Japan After March 11th 2011: Between Swift Reconstruction and Sustainable Restructuring ; 3 Climate Change Vulnerability of Olive Oil Groves in Dry Areas of Tunisia: Case Study in the Governorate of Médenine ; 4 The Vehicle Transportation Problem in the Megacity São Paulo (Brazil) ; 5 Disasters and Their Impacts on Air Quality in the Human Living Environment ; 6 Vulnerability of Pastoral Social-Ecological Systems in Mongolia ; Part 3: Awareness and Preparedness for Change ; 7 The Importance of Information Availability for Climate Change Preparedness in the Cultural Heritage Sector: A Comparison Between the UK and Japan ; 8 Anticipating Environmental Change in Development Planning for the Archipelago of Indonesia ; 9 Institutional and Technical Innovation in Pakistan for Resilience to Extreme Climate Events ; 10 Development of an International Institutional Framework for Climate Adaptation and Practice in Adaptation Planning in Developing Countries ; 11 Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation Products and Services by Japanese Companies with Base-of-the-Economic-Pyramid (BoP) Businesses ; 12 Systems Established for Reconstruction After the Great East Japan Earthquake, and the Current Situation on the Ground ; Part 4: Tools and Methods for Building Resiliency ; 13 Developing an ICT-Based Toolbox for Resilient Capacity Building: Challenges, Obstacles and Approaches ; 14 Development of Tools to Assess Vulnerability to Climate Change in South Asia ; 15 Development Plan as a Tool to Improve the Disaster Resilience of Urban Areas ; 16 Swarm Planning—Developing a Tool for Innovative Resilience Planning ; Part 5: Transformation from Disaster and Crisis ; 17 Green Infrastructure in Reconstruction After the 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami: A Case Study of Historical Change on Awaji Island in Japan ; 18 The Long Term Economic Value of Holistic Ecological Planning for Disaster Risk ; 19 Disaster Response and Public Consultation in Cleaning Up Radioactive Contamination of the Environment ; 20 Building Resilience in Africa Through Transformation and a Green Economy: Challenges and Opportunities ; Part 6: Building Resiliency with Community ; 21 Community Based Environmental Design: Empowering Local Expertise in Design Charrettes ; 22 Solar-Based Decentralized Energy Solution - A Case of Entrepreneur Based Model from Rural India ; 23 The Importance of Social Capital in Building Community Resilience ; 24 The Veneer House Experience: The Role of Architects in Recovering Community After Disaster ; Part 7: Conclusion ; 25 Understanding Resilience Through the Lens of Change

Note: Contents: PART 1: INTRODUCTION ; 1. The Corporation and Financial Markets ; 2. Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis ; 3. Financial Decision Making and the Law of One Price ; PART II: TIME, MONEY, AND INTEREST RATES ; 4. The Time Value of Money ; 5. Interest Rates ; 6. Valuing Bonds ; PART III: VALUING PROJECTS AND FIRMS ; 7. Investment Decision Rules ; 8. Fundamentals of Capital Budgeting ; 9. Valuing Stocks ; PART IV: RISK AND RETURN ; 10. Capital Markets and the Pricing of Risk ; 11. Optimal Portfolio Choice and the Capital Asset Pricing Model ; 12. Estimating the Cost of Capital ; 13. Investor Behavior and Capital Market Efficiency ; PART V: CAPITAL STRUCTURE ; 14. Capital Structure in a Perfect Market ; 15. Debt and Taxes ; 16. Financial Distress, Managerial Incentives, and Information ; 17. Payout Policy ; PART VI: ADVANCED VALUATION ; 18. Capital Budgeting and Valuation with Leverage ; 19. Valuation and Financial Modeling: A Case Study ; PART VII: OPTIONS ; 20. Financial Options ; 21. Option Valuation ; 22. Real Options ; PART VIII: LONG-TERM FINANCING ; 23. Raising Equity Capital ; 24. Debt Financing ; 25. Leasing ; PART IX: SHORT-TERM FINANCING ; 26. Working Capital Management ; 27. Short-Term Financial Planning ; PART X: SPECIAL TOPICS ; 28. Mergers and Acquisitions ; 29. Corporate Governance ; 30. Risk Management ; 31. International Corporate Finance

Note: Contents: 1. The Politics and Political Economy of Forestland Regimes ; SECTION I: The Origins and Divergences of National Forestland Regimes ; 2. Colonialism and the Transformation of Hinterlands ; 3. Politics of 4. Political Mediation of Land Conflicts in the Hinterlands ; SECTION II: Politics of Institutional Change ; 5. Politics of Institutional Change in India's Forestland Regimes ; 6. Politics of Institutional Change in Tanzania and Mexico ; SECTION III: Policy Differences and Key Lessons ; 7. Public Accountability in Policy- making: Forest- Based Climate Change Mitigation in India, Tanzania, and Mexico ; 8. Conclusion: Toward Social Justice and Enduring Nature Conservation ; Appendix I: Number of People Affected by Forestland Conflicts ; Appendix II: A Sample of Specific Events Related to Forestland Conflicts ; Appendix III: Major Socioeconomic and Political Indicators in Case Study Countries ; Appendix IV: Inequality- Adjusted Human Development Index for Selected Regions ; Appendix V: Statistical Analysis of Forestland Claims in Gujarat, India ; References ; Index

Note: Contents: PART 1: The challenge of long-term democratic governance ; 1 Intertemporal policy-making in advanced democracies ; 2 The presentist bias ; 3 Probing the causes of the presentist bias ; 4 The policy dimensions of the presentist bias ; PART 2: Principles and proposals for improving long-term democratic governance ; 5 Foundations for prudent long-term governance ; 6 Countering the presentist bias ; PART 3: Assessing the options for improving long-term democratic governance ; 7 A constitution for the future ; 8 Committing to a better future ; 9 Insulating decision-making from short-term political pressures ; 10 Enhancing voices for the future ; 11 Advising for a better future ; 12 Designing and embedding a strategic foresight capability ; 13 Creating the political conditions for policy investments ; PART 4: Taking care of tomorrow today ; 14 Towards a better tomorrow ; Appendix ; Bibliography ; Index

Note: Contents: Fundamentals -- Applications of catastrophe modelling -- The perils in brief -- Building catastrophe models -- Developing a view of risk -- Summary and the future

Note: Contents: 1 Overview ; 2 The anatomy of climate-related natural disasters ; 3 The rising threat of climate-related natural disasters ; 4 Climate change mitigation ; 5 Climate adaptation and disaster management ; 6 Transforming mindsets, motivation, and politics ; 7 A new development paradigm

Note: Contents: Introduction: The Challenge of Inequality ; I A Brief History Of Inequality ; 1 The Rise of Inequality ; 2 Empires of Inequality ; 3 Up and Down ; II War ; 4 Total War ; 5 The Great Compression ; 6 Preindustrial Warfare and Civil War ; III Revolution ; 7 Communism ; 8 Before Lenin ; IV Collapse ; 9 State Failure and Systems Collapse ; V Plague ; 10 The Black Death ; 11 Pandemics, Famine, and War ; VI Alternatives ; 12 Reform, Recession, and Representation ; 13 Economic Development and Education ; 14 What If ? From History to Counterfactuals ; VII Inequality Redux And The Future Of Leveling ; 15 In Our Time ; 16 What Does the Future Hold? ; Appendix: The Limits of Inequality

Note: Contents: 1: Introduction ; 2: Climate Change and International Law ; 3: Treaty-Based Lawmaking: Rules, Tools and Techniques ; 4: Evolution of the United Nations Climate Regime ; 5: The Framework Convention on Climate Change ; 6: Kyoto Protocol ; 7: Paris Agreement ; 8: Climate Governance beyond the United Nations Climate Regime ; 9: International Climate Change Law & Other Areas of International Regulation ; 10: Conclusion

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Part 1 - Political Psychology ; 1 Understanding beliefs ; 2 The drunkyard's search ; Part 2 - Heuristics and Biases ; 3 Representativeness, foreign policy judgements, and theory-driven perceptions ; 4 Prospect theory: the political implication of loss aversion ; Part 3 - Political Psychology and International Relation Theory ; 5 Signaling and perception: projecting images and drawing inferences ; 6 Political psychology research and theory: bridges and barriers ; 7 Why intelligence and policymakers clash ; 8 Identit and the Colt War ; Part 4 - Psychology and National Security ; 9 Deterrence and perception ; 10 Psychology and crisis stability ; 11 Domino beliefs ; 12 Perception, misperception, and the end of the Cold War ; Index

Note: Contents: Climate Change Adaptation in North America: A Short Review of Priorities ; Climate Adaptation Management in Rural and Urban Areas ; Community Deliberation to Build Local Capacity for Climate Change Adaptation: The Rural Climate Dialogues Program ; A Participatory Process to Design Climate Change Adaptation Measures for the Carmen-Pajonal-Machona Lagoon System in Mexico ; Experimentalist Regional Governance for Climate Change Adaptation: A Canadian Case Study ; The Participative Action Research Approach to Climate Change Adaptation in Atlantic Canadian Coastal Communities ; Recent Harm, Problematic Impacts, and Socially Feasible Adaptation Options to Heatwaves and Heavy Rain Events in New York City ; Climate Change and the Built Environment ; A Critical Discussion on the Roles of Institutions on Ports’ Adaptation to the Impacts Posed by Climate Change ; Beyond Restoration: Planting Coastal Infrastructure ; COREDAR for Cities: Developing a Capacity Building Tool for Sea-Level Rise Risk Communication and Urban Community-Based Adaptation ; Conflicts and Synergies: Adaptation, Resilience and Multi-hazard Mitigation ; A Region Under Threat? Climate Change Impacts, Institutional Change and Response of Local Communities in Coastal Yucatán ; Designing for Future Uncertainties: Comparative Studies of Two Adaptive Strategies in Urban Design in New York and Sweden ; Designing with Risk: Balancing Global Risk and Project Risks ; Coping with Higher Sea Levels and Increased Coastal Flooding in New York City ; Building an Adaptation Tool for Visualizing the Coastal Impacts of Climate Change on Prince Edward Island, Canada ; Information, Communication, Education and Training on Climate Change ; Effective Public Service Communication Networks for Climate Change Adaptation ; Speaking Out or Staying Quiet on Climate Change: Broadcast Meteorologists Influenced by the Need to Be Pithy, Popular and Politically Cautious ; Climate Change, Planning and Health and Examples from Other Regions ; Urban Planning to Prevent Mosquito-Borne Diseases in the Caribbean ; Mental Health Impacts of Droughts: Lessons for the U.S. from Australia ; Linking Science and Policy on Climate Change: The Case of Coquimbo Region, Chile ; Selection Support Framework Fostering Resilience Based on Neighbourhood Typologies ; Final Considerations ; A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective on the Factors Shaping North American Adaptation Research

Note: Section 1. Weather rankings -- Section 2. Major storm events -- Section 3. State chapters -- Section 4. Appendices.

Note: Contents: Who wants to be an Economist? ; 1. Change the Goal ; 2. See the Big Picture ; 3. Nurture Human Nature ; 4. Get Savvy with Systems ; 5. Design to Distribute ; 6. Create to Regenerate ; 7. Be Agnostic about Growth ; We are all Economists now ; Appendix: The Doughnut and its Data

Note: Contents: Foreword ; Executive summary ; Acknowledgements ; Chapter 1 The global outlook ; Chapter 2 Tracking clean energy progress ; Chapter 3 Accelerating the transition to sustainable buildings ; Chapter 4 Advancing the low-carbon transition in industry ; Chapter 5 Steering transport towards sustainability ; Chapter 6 Transforming electricity systems ; Chapter 7 Delivering sustainable bioenergy ; Chapter 8 Unlocking the potential of carbon capture and storage ; Annex A Analytical approach ; Annex B Abbreviations and acronyms ; Annex C Definitions, regional and country groupings and units ; Annex D List of figures, tables and boxes

Note: Contents: 1 Reforming the EU ETS: Where are we now? ; 2 Agreeing on the EU ETS price floor to foster solidarity, subsidiarity, and efficiency in the EU ; 3 Under pressure: European Electricity Markets and the Need for Reform ; 4 Reforming the EU energy tax directive: assessing the options ; 5 On the coherence of economic instruments: climate, renewables, and energy efficiency policies ; 6 Fiscal and regulatory instruments for clean technology development in the European Union ; 7 Lessons from the U.S. shale gas boom ; 8 Tax and regulatory policies for European transport: getting ther, but in the slow lane ; 9 Carbon pricing and taxation: overcoming obstacles to policy reform in the EU

Note: Contents: Chapter 1. Water Everywhere and Nowhere ; Chapter 2. Back to Life ; Chapter 3. Put Watersheds to Work ; Chapter 4. Make Room for Floods ; Chapter 5. Bank It for a Dry Day ; Chapter 6. Fill the Earth ; Chapter 7. Conserve in the City ; Chapter 8. Clean It Up ; Chapter 9. Close the Loop ; Chapter 10. Let It Flow ; Chapter 11. Rescue Desert Rivers ; Chapter 12. Share

Note: Contents: Introduction: Entering a New Era of Water Management ; Part I. Abundance ; 1. First Water, Then the World ; 2. Laissez-Faire Metaphysics ; 3. Managing Water for “the People” ; Part II. Scarcity ; 4. America’s Post-colonial Model of Development ; 5. The Space of Scarcity ; Part III. Security ; 6. The Globalization of Normal Water ; 7. Securing the Water-Energy-Food-Climate Nexus ; Part IV. Rethinking the Anthropocene ; 8. The Anthropocene and the Naturalization of Process ; 9. Thinking Ecologically in an Age of Geology ; Conclusion: Water in the Anthropocene

Note: Contents: 1: Introduction ; 2: Framework ; 3: Traditional topics ; 4: Constrained credit ; 5: Net worth ; 6: Real estate ; 7: Commerical banks ; 8: Methods

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Why Forecast? -- 1.2 The Informatics Challenge in Forecasting -- 1.3 The Model-Data Loop -- 1.4 Why Bayes? -- 1.5 Models as Scaffolds -- 1.6 Case Studies and Decision Support -- 1.7 Key Concepts -- 1.8 Hands-on Activities -- 2. From Models to Forecasts -- 2.1 The Traditional Modeler's Toolbox -- 2.2 Example: The Logistic Growth Model -- 2.3 Adding Sources of Uncertainty -- 2.4 Thinking Probabilistically -- 2.5 Predictability -- 2.6 Key Concepts -- 2.7 Hands-on Activities -- 3. Data, Large and Small -- 3.1 The Data Cycle and Best Practices -- 3.2 Data Standards and Metadata -- 3.3 Handling Big Data -- 3.4 Key Concepts -- 3.5 Hands-on Activities -- 4. Scientific Workflows and the Informatics of Model-Data Fusion -- 4.1 Transparency, Accountability, and Repeatability -- 4.2 Workflows and Automation -- 4.3 Best Practices for Scientific Computing -- 4.4 Key Concepts -- 4.5 Hands-on Activities -- 5. Introduction to Bayes -- 5.1 Confronting Models with Data -- 5.2 Probability 101 -- 5.3 The Likelihood -- 5.4 Bayes' Theorem -- 5.5 Prior Information -- 5.6 Numerical Methods for Bayes -- 5.7 Evaluating MCMC Output -- 5.8 Key Concepts -- 5.9 Hands-on Activities -- 6. Characterizing Uncertainty -- 6.1 Non-Gaussian Error -- 6.2 Heteroskedasticity -- 6.3 Observation Error -- 6.4 Missing Data and Inverse Modeling -- 6.5 Hierarchical Models and Process Error -- 6.6 Autocorrelation -- 6.7 Key Concepts -- 6.8 Hands-on Activities -- 7. Case Study: Biodiversity, Populations, and Endangered Species -- 7.1 Endangered Species -- 7.2 Biodiversity -- 7.3 Key Concepts -- 7.4 Hands-on Activities -- 8. Latent Variables and State-Space Models -- 8.1 Latent Variables -- 8.2 State Space -- 8.3 Hidden Markov Time-Series Model -- 8.4 Beyond Time -- 8.5 Key Concepts -- 8.6 Hands-on Activities -- 9. Fusing Data Sources -- 9.1 Meta-analysis -- 9.2 Combining Data: Practice, Pitfalls, and Opportunities -- 9.3 Combining Data and Models across Space and Time -- 9.4 Key Concepts -- 9.5 Hands-on Activities -- 10. Case Study: Natural Resources -- 10.1 Fisheries -- 10.2 Case Study: Baltic Salmon -- 10.3 Key Concepts -- 11. Propagating, Analyzing, and Reducing Uncertainty -- 11.1 Sensitivity Analysis -- 11.2 Uncertainty Propagation -- 11.3 Uncertainty Analysis -- 11.4 Tools for Model-Data Feedbacks -- 11.5 Key Concepts -- 11.6 Hands-on Activities -- Appendix A Properties of Means and Variances -- Appendix B Common Variance Approximations -- 12. Case Study: Carbon Cycle -- 12.1 Carbon Cycle Uncertainties -- 12.2 State of the Science -- 12.3 Case Study: Model-Data Feedbacks -- 12.4 Key Concepts -- 12.5 Hands-on Activities -- 13. Data Assimilation 1: Analytical Methods -- 13.1 The Forecast Cycle -- 13.2 Kalman Filter -- 13.3 Extended Kalman Filter -- 13.4 Key Concepts -- 13.5 Hands-on Activities -- 14. Data Assimilation 2: Monte Carlo Methods -- 14.1 Ensemble Filters -- 14.2 Particle Filter -- 14.3 Model Averaging and Reversible Jump MCMC -- 14.4 Generalizing the Forecast Cycle -- 14.5 Key Concepts -- 14.6 Hands-on Activities -- 15. Epidemiology -- 15.1 Theory -- 15.2 Ecological Forecasting -- 15.3 Examples of Epidemiological Forecasting -- 15.4 Case Study: Influenza -- 15.5 Key Concepts -- 16. Assessing Model Performance -- 16.1 Visualization -- 16.2 Basic Model Diagnostics -- 16.3 Model Benchmarks -- 16.4 Data Mining the Residuals -- 16.5 Comparing Model Performance to Simple Statistics -- 16.6 Key Concepts -- 16.7 Hands-on Activities -- 17. Projection and Decision Support -- 17.1 Projections, Predictions, and Forecasting -- 17.2 Decision Support -- 17.3 Key Concepts -- 17.4 Hands-on Activities -- 18. Final Thoughts -- 18.1 Lessons Learned -- 18.2 Future Directions -- References -- Index

Note: Contents: Field of Research in Sustainable Manufacturing ; Sustainability Dynamics ; Enabling Low-Carbon Development in Poor Countries ; Sustainable Solutions for Machine Tools ; Sustainable Technologies for Thick Metal Plate Welding ; Human-Centred Automation to Simplify the Path to Social and Economic Sustainability ; From Ecodesign to Sustainable Product/Service-Systems: A Journey Through Research Contributions over Recent Decades ; Design for High Added-Value End-of-Life Strategies ; Target-Driven Sustainable Product Development ; Future of Business Models in Manufacturing ; Material Reutilization Cycles Across Industries and Production Lines ; Integration of Sustainability into the Corporate Strategy ; Sustainable Value Creation—From Concept Towards Implementation ; Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Approaches for Manufacturing ; Optimisation Methods in Sustainable Manufacturing ; Inducing Behavioural Change in Society Through Communication and Education in Sustainable Manufacturing

Note: Contents: Part I. Economics and the Environment: 1. Environmental economics and the theory of externalities ; 2. Environmental problems and policy issues ; 3. Introduction to the theory of environmental policy ; Part II. The Design of Environmental Policy: 4. Imperfect information ; 5. Competitive output markets ; 6. Non-competitive output markets ; 7. Environmental policy with pre-existing distortions ; 8. Institutional topics in cap and trade programs ; 9. Ambient pollution control ; 10. Liability ; 11. Innovation and adoption of new technology ; 12. International environmental problems ; 13. Accumulating pollutants ; Part III. Valuing the Environment: 14. Theory of applied welfare analysis ; 15. Revealed preference models ; 16. Discrete choice models ; 17. Recreation ; 18. Property value models ; 19. Stated preference methods ; 20. Health valuation ; Part IV. The Practice of Environmental Economics: 21. Cost-benefit analysis: modeling ; 22. Cost-benefit analysis: empirical ; 23. Final thoughts.

Note: Contents: Recent Advances in the Emerging Field of Paleotempestology ; Archival Evidence of Secular Changes in Georgia Hurricanes: 1750–2012 ; Near-Time Sea Surface Temperature and Tropical Cyclone Intensity in the Eastern North Pacific Basin ; Modern Tropical Cyclone Wind Observation and Analysis ; Inland Tropical Cyclones and the “Brown Ocean” Concept ; Typhoon/Hurricane Disaster Prediction and Prevention for Coastal, Offshore, and Nuclear Power Plant Infrastructure ; The Use of Global Climate Models for Tropical Cyclone Risk Assessment ; High-Resolution Multi-decadal Simulation of Tropical Cyclones ; Analysis of Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Landfall Forecasts in Coupled GCMs on Seasonal and Decadal Timescales ; Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Changes in a Warmer Climate

Note: Contents: Introduction: a blue Arctic -- Ice, the magic crystal -- A brief history of ice on planet Earth -- The modern cycle of ice ages -- The greenhouse effect -- Sea ice meltback begins -- The future of Arctic sea ice the death spiral -- The accelerating effects of Arctic feedbacks -- Arctic methane, a catastrophe in the making -- Strange weather -- The secret life of chimneys -- What's happening to the Antarctic? -- The state of the planet -- A call to arms

Note: Contents: The Case for a Criminology of Disaster ; Conceptualizing Fear in the Disaster Context ; Property Crime in Disaster ; Interpersonal Violence in Disaster ; Fraud in Disaster ; The Resilience of Crime ; The Resilience of Communities ; Culture and a Criminology of Disaster

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Natural Disasters in Developing Countries ; Experiencing Natural Disasters: How This Influences Risk Aversion and Trust ; The Demand for Microinsurance Products Against Disaster Risk ; Going Forward: Building Resilience with Microinsurance ; Conclusion

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Crisis, Reform and Innovation in Local Government ; Political and Administrative Decentralization in Portugal: Four Decades of Democratic Local Government ; Why and When Countries Implement Local Public Administration Reforms: A Long-Term View of Reform Dynamics in Slovakia, 1990–2015 ; Local Self-Government in Hungary: The Impact of Crisis ; Local Government Innovation in Italy and its Impact on Urban and Regional Planning with a Focus on the Milanese Context ; Eu Policies, The Urban Agenda and Local Governance ; Urban Dimension of the European Policies and the New EU Urban Agenda in Croatia ; The Relationship Between the European Commission and Local Government Through European Urban Initiatives: Constraints and Solidarities ; Mega-Events and New Patterns of Cooperation: The European Capitals of Culture ; Urban Regeneration and Local Governance in Italy: Three Emblematic Cases ; Involving Citizens in the Reuse and Regeneration of Urban Peripheral Spaces ; Citizen Participation in Local Self-Government ; Assessment of Socio-Economic Status Relevance for Latvian Electoral Participation ; Making Informed Citizens in Local Direct Democracy. What Part Does Their Government Perform?

Note: Contents: Introduction ; Part 1 - Dilemmas of collective action ; 1 The tragedy of the commons ; 2 Strategic substitution ; 3 Strategic complementarities ; Part 2 - Solutions to social dilemmas ; 4 The shadow of the future ; 5 Playing with your progeny ; 6 Playing with the wrong goals ; Part 3 - What groups want ; 7 The problem with utilitarians ; 8 Irrational majorities ; 9 There is no general will ; Part 4 - Majority rule ; 10 Majority rule aggregates knowledge ; 11 What's special about simple majority rule ; 12 Why the middle matters ; 13 Voting weight and political influence ; Part 5 - The instability of majority rule ; 14 You can't satisfy all the majorities any of the time ; 15 Naive majorities are capable of anything ; 16 How sticky are sticky rules?

Note: Contents: Introduction: Sustainability, Innovative Milieus And Territorial Development ; PART I SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, GLOBAL ANCHORING OF TERRITORIAL PRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS, AND COMPETITIVENESS 1. The Territories of ‘Sustainable’ Innovation: From Local Milieus to ‘Responsible’ Communication: The Case of Photovoltaics and Sustainable Finance in Western Switzerland ; 2. Innovation in the Sustainable Renovation Sector in Île-De-France ; 3. Border-Crossing Sustainable Innovation Processes – German Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) in Green Construction ; 4. Living PlanIT and the Development of the ‘PlanIT Urban Operating System tm’: The Geographies of an Innovation ; 5. The Sustainable Water Campus in Leeuwarden: Towards an Anchoring Milieu or a ‘Hollow Term’? ; PART II SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT ; 6. Bairro Alto Revisited: Sustainable Innovations, Reputation Building and Urban Development ; 7. Innovative Rurban Networks in Rome ; 8. Innovation in Sustainable Tourism Projects in Alpine Resorts ; PART III SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING AND REGIONAL PRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS ; 9. The Great Basque Transformation Towards Sustainable Innovations ; 10. Atlantic Nautical Network: An Inter-Regional Organizational System to Promote Innovation in Support of Sustainable Development ; 11. From Regional Production System to Regional Innovation System – Evolutional Changes of Suwa Industrial Region in Japan ; Conclusion: Relaunching GREMI: A Scientific Trajectory

Note: Enth.: Giess, W.: Die in der Zentralem Namib von Südwestafrika / Namibia festgestellten Pflanzenarten und ihre Biotope

Note: Contents Introduction 1 Climatic System: Data, Processes, Scales, and Deterministic Models 1.1 Main Components of the Climate System 1.1.1 "Thick" Subsystems 1.1.2 "Thin" Subsystems 1.1.3 Local and Discrete Objects 1.2 Climate Processes 1.2.1 Overview of Climate Processes 1.2.2 External Climate Mechanisms 1.2.3 Internal Mechanisms of Climatie Variations 1.2.4 Transfer-Accumulation Processes 1.3 Scales of Climatic Variability 1.3.1 Spatial Scales 1.3.2 Temporal Scales 1.4 Deterministic Climate Models 1.4.1 General Circulation Models and Coupled Models 1.4.2 Other Types of Climate Models 1.5 Observational Basis for Stochastic Climate Theory 1.5.1 Data on Variability of "Thick" Climatic Subsystems 1.5.1.1 Near-Surface Air Temperature 1.5.1.2 Other Atmospheric Variables 1.5.1.3 Sea Surface Temperature 1.5.1.4 Sea Level 1.5.1.5 lce Sheets 1.5.2 Data on Variables of Thin Earth Covers 1.5.2.1 Snow Cover 1.5.2.2 Sea lce 1.5.2.3 Vegetation Cover 1.5.3 Data on Discrete and Local Climatic Objects 1.5.3.1 River Runoff 1.5.3.2 Lakes 1.5.3.3 Mountain Glaciers 1.5.4 Conclusions on Observational Data 2 Theoretical Foundations of the Stochastic Approach to Climate Variability Studies 2.1 Basic Ideas and Principles of the Stochastic Climate Theory 2.1.1 Mathematical Models and Natural Processes 2.1.2 A Climatic Variable as a Random Variable 2.1.3 Evolution of a Climatic Variable as a Random Function 2.1.4 Stationarity of Climatic Processes 2.2 Introduction to the Theory of Random Functions with Emphasis on Climate Variability 2.2.1 Moments, Mean Value, Correlation Function 2.2.2 The Ergodicity of Climate Variability 2.2.3 Examples of Stationary Random Sequences 2.2.3.1 Uncorrelated Random Variables 2.2.3.2 Moving Averages 2.2.4 Spectral Representation of the Random Process 2.2.5 Climatic Meanings of the Spectral Distribution Function 2.2.6 Spectral Representation of Stationary Sequences 2.2.7 The Markov Sequence 2.2.8 The Discrete Wiener Process 2.2.9 Other Types of Random Functions 2.2.9.1 Autoregressive Models 2.2.9.2 Seasonal Models 2.2.9.3 Threshold Models 2.3 Estimation of Model Parameters 2.3.1 Theoretical Models and the Practice of Model Identification 2.3.2 Informational Approach to the Identification of Stochastic Models 2.3.3 Maximum Entropy Method and Autoregressive Models 2.3.4 Model Identification and Estimation of Model Parameters 2.3.5 An Example ofModel Identification and Parameter Estimation 2.3.6 Frequency Truncation Method of Normalized Spectral Estimates 2.3.7 Other Methods of Time Series Processing 2.3.7.1 Conventional Methods. Moving Average and ARMA models 2.3.7.2 "Deterministic Chaos". Other Methods of Nonlinear Analysis 2.4 Physical Basis of the Stochastic Climate Theory 2.4.1 Atmospheric Forcing ofthe Climate System 2.4.1.1 Observational Evidence 2.4.1.2 Atmospheric Model Results 2.4.1.3 Simple Nonlinear Model as Analog of Atmospheric Forcing 2.4.2 Hasselmann's Stochastic Climate Models 2.4.2.1 Hypothesis on Weather-Climate Two-Scale Separation 2.4.2.2 Classification of Climate Models 2.4.2.3 Analogies with Turbulent Fluid, Brownian Motion, and Other Physical Processes. The Central Limit Theorem 2.4.2.4 Spectra and Correlation Functions of the Stochastic Climate Models. Models Without Feedback 2.4.2.5 Models with Feedback 3 Stochastic Models of Recent Climatic Changes 3.1 Changes in Thick Climatic Subsystems 3.1.1 Local Changes 3.1.1.1 Analysis of Observational Data 3.1.1.2 Local Stochastic Dynamical Models 3.1.2 Regional, Spatially Averaged, and Two-Dimensional Patterns 3.1.2.1 20 Stochastic Patterns of Observational Data 3.1.2.2 Stochastic Dynamical Regional Models 3.1.2.3 Stochastic Models of ENSO Events 3.1.3 Globally Averaged Climate Variables 3.1.3.1 Global Water Mass Exchange. Global Mean Sea Level 3.1.3.2 Global Temperatures 3.1.3.3 "Minus Two" Law of Climatic Variability 3.1.3.4 Stochastic Dynamical Models of Global Temperatures 3.1.3.5 Local-Global Polarization Phenomenon 3.2 Variabilities of Thin Climatic Subsystems 3.2.1 Analyzed Oata 3.2.1.1 37 GHz Polarization Oifference and Related Data 3.2.1.2 Snow and Sea lce Remotely Sensed Data 3.2.1.3 Related Satellite-Based and Conventional Data on Global Air and Sea Temperatures 3.2.2 Comparison of Results for Remotely Sensed and Conventional Data 3.2.2.1 Comparison of Results on Local Scales 3.2.2.2 Globally Averaged 37 GHz Polarization Difference Data. Concentration of Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere 3.2.3 Results of Stochastic Analysis of Local and Regional Hydrological Changes 3.2.3.1 Results of 37 GHz PD Data Analysis for Floodable Areas 3.2.3.2 Results for 37 GHz PD Data on Vegetation Cover in Different Natural Zones 3.2.4 Results of Analysis of Global Changes in Hydrological and Related Parameters 3.2.5 Modeling the Dynamics of Thin Subsystems 3.2.6 Local-Global Polarization Phenomenon and Thin Climatic Subsystems 3.2.7 Discussion on the Global Climatic Subsystems 3.3 Changes in Local and Discrete Climatic Objects 3.3.1 Rivers and River Runoff 3.3.2 Mountain Glaciers 4 Stochastic Models for Glacial Cycles 4.1 Stochastic Analysis of Reconstructed Data on Glacial Cycles 4.1.1 Existing Paleoreconstructed Time Series 4.1.2 Results of Stochastic Analysis of the Last Deglaciation Period, 0 - 18 ka B.P. 4.1.3 Analysis of 200 - 300 ka Time Series 4.1.4 Longer Time Series. Features of Cyclicity 4.1.5 High Resolution Paleorecords 4.2 Zero-Dimensional Model of Glacial Cycles 4.2.1 Hypotheses, Assumptions, and Equations 4.2.2 Results of Numerical Experiments 4.3 Two-Dimensional Stochastic Dynamical Model of Glacial Cycles 4.3.1 Mathematical Model, Parameters, and Experiments 4.3.1.1 Computational Area 4.3.1.2 Equations and Parameters of the Model 4.3.1.3 Numerical Experiments 4.3.2 Results 4.3.2.1 Experiments Without External Forcing 4.3.2.2 Experiments With External Forcing. Globally Averaged Results 4.3.2.3 Zonally Averaged Results 4.3.2.4 Regional Results Conclusion References Index