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  • Articles  (6)
  • Data
  • Open Access-Papers  (6)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring  (5)
  • Carbon sequestration
  • Agu  (4)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • Articles  (6)
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  • Open Access-Papers  (6)
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  • 1
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    Time-resolved seismic tomography detects magma intrusions at Mt. Etna (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The continuous volcanic and seismic activity at Mount Etna makes this volcano an important laboratory for seismological and geophysical studies. We used repeated three-dimensional tomography to detect variations in elastic parameters during different volcanic cycles, before and during the October 2002–January 2003 flank eruption. Well-defined anomalous low P- to S-wave velocity ratio volumes were revealed. Absent during the pre-eruptive period, the anomalies trace the intrusion of volatile-rich (Q4 weight percent) basaltic magma, most of which rose up only a few months before the onset of eruption. The observed time changes of velocity anomalies suggest that four-dimensional tomography provides a basis for more efficient volcano monitoring and shortand midterm eruption forecasting of explosive activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 821-823
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 727523 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Eruption early warning at Vesuvius: The A.D. 1631 lesson (2007)
    Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Knowledge of past precursor patterns is crucial for the correct interpretation of monitoring data and reliable volcano forecasting. In the case of Vesuvius, one of the world’s riskiest volcanoes, very little information is available about unrest signals following long periods of quiescence. The translation and analysis of three Latin treatises written from eye-witnesses immediately after the A.D. 1631 subplinian eruption allowed us to reconstruct the sequence of precursors. The progression in the signals was remarkably clear starting at least two to three weeks before the event. Widespread gas emission from the ground coupled with deformation was followed by an increase in seismic activity in the eight days before the eruption. Seismicity escalated both in frequency and intensity in the night before the eruption, heralding the opening of fissures on the volcanic cone. The details of phenomena occurring in the medium-term (months before the eruption) are difficult to evaluate, though it is worth noticing that no major tectonic earthquakes were felt in the area of the volcano. Civil protection preparedness plans should be organized in order to complete the evacuation of people in a time span significantly shorter than the duration of expected short-term precursors.
    Description: Published
    Description: L18317
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Vesuvius ; A. D. 1631 ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Tracking magma dynamics by Laser Ablation (LA)-ICPMS trace element analysis of glass in volcanic ash: the 1995 activity of Mt. Etna (2007)
    Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Glass fragments in tephra erupted at Mt. Etna from May to December 1995 have been analyzed by laser ablation ICPMS. The trace element compositional variability of ashes deposited during this interval reveals the presence of discrete magma batches with different crystallization degrees in the shallow plumbing system. From May to October a highly crystalline magma is predominant within the conduit with only minor sporadic input of fresh and more primitive magma batches. After October new and less evolved magma batches become more prevalent and become progressively homogenized within more evolved resident magma. In December ashes closely match the chemistry of the volcanics subsequently erupted till February 1996. This study demonstrates that the trace element characterization of ashes has important implications for volcanic monitoring and is a useful tool for the forecasting of paroxysmal events at Mt. Etna.
    Description: Published
    Description: L05304
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: magma ; 1995 ; Mt Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    New insights into magma dynamics during last two eruptions of Mount Etna as inferred by geochemical monitoring from 2002 to 2005 (2007)
    Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Two distinct eruptive events characterize the volcanic activity at Mount Etna during the 2002 to 2005 period.We identified signals of magma ascent preceding these eruptions by geochemical monitoring of both chemical composition and He-isotope ratio of gas emissions from five locations in the peripheral area of the volcano. The geochemical signals are interpreted using the models proposed by Caracausi et al. (2003a, 2003b) and allow identification of episodes of magma ascent and estimation of the pressures of degassing magma. As observed for the 2001 eruption (Caracausi et al., 2003b), magma ascent probably triggered the onset of the 2002–2003 eruption, and minor events of magma ascent were observed between May and December 2003. In contrast to the previous two eruptions, the 2004–2005 eruption was not preceded by significant geochemical signals of volcanic unrest, suggesting that this eruption was mainly triggered by the failure of the upper portion of the volcanic edifice under the magmatic hydrostatic pressure in the conduits. High 3He/4He ratio revealed new volatile-rich magma accumulation. The 2002–2003 eruption was preceded by a much shorter period of new magma accumulation from deep levels of the feeding system. Few minor signals of magma migration were detected at some of the sites during the months preceding the 2004–2005 eruption, suggesting that the degassed 3He-depleted magma resident in the volcanic conduits was not replaced by new volatile-rich magma. This is in agreement with the lack of explosive activity during the 2004–2005 eruption and with petrologic observations that the parent magma probably erupted in 2000 and 2001. New geochemical signals of magma ascent from the deep reservoir have been identified since June 2005, indicating that the volcanic activity of Mount Etna is evolving toward new pre-eruptive conditions.
    Description: Published
    Description: Q06008
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: chemical composition ; geochemical monitoring ; He isotope ; magma migration. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Hydrothermal buffering of the SO2/H2S ratio in volcanic gases: Evidence from La Fossa Crater fumarolic field, Vulcano Island (2007)
    Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Sulfur speciation in volcanic gases is a potentially valuable tracer of degassing processes at volcanoes. Hitherto, observations of sulfur speciation in volcanic gas plumes have however been limited both in number and quality. Here, we report on periodic measurements of SO2 to H2S proportions in the volcanic gases from La Fossa volcano (Vulcano Island) performed during 2004–2006, a period which encompasses two heating events of the fumarolic field in January–April 2005 and December 2005. Results indicate a systematic relative increase (by a factor of 2–6) of SO2 to H2S proportions in the fumaroles during the heating events, which we ascribe to a temperature increase in the mixing zone between magmatic and hydrothermal fluids. We also demonstrate that sulphur speciation in La Fossa fumaroles reflects re-equilibration within a poly-baric hydrothermal system, and that this hydrothermal re-equilibration erases the pristine SO2/H2S ratios of any magma-derived sulphur present.
    Description: Published
    Description: L21315
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: volcanic gases ; Vulcano Island ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Revisiting carbon flux through the ocean's twilight zone (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-04
    Description: Citation only. Published in Science 316: 567-570, doi: 10.1126/science.1137959
    Description: Funding was obtained primarily through the NSF, Ocean Sciences Programs in Chemical and Biological Oceanography, with additional support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and other national programs, including the Australian Cooperative Research Centre program and Australian Antarctic Division.
    Keywords: Carbon flux ; Carbon sequestration ; Biological pump
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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