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  • Articles  (35)
  • Open Access-Papers  (35)
  • 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest  (35)
  • 2020-2024  (35)
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  • Open Access-Papers  (35)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Experimental data are publicly available here: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/f78bmhr628/1
    Description: Temperature is a major source of inaccuracy in high-sensitivity accelerometers and gravimeters. Active thermal control systems require power and may not be ideal in some contexts such as airborne or spaceborne applications. We propose a solution that relies on multiple thermometers placed within the accelerometer to measure temperature and thermal gradient variations. Machine Learning algorithms are used to relate the temperatures to their effect on the accelerometer readings. However, obtaining labeled data for training these algorithms can be difficult. Therefore, we also developed a training platform capable of replicating temperature variations in a laboratory setting. Our experiments revealed that thermal gradients had a significant effect on accelerometer readings, emphasizing the importance of multiple thermometers. The proposed method was experimentally tested and revealed a great potential to be extended to other sources of inaccuracy, such as rotations, as well as to other types of measuring systems, such as magnetometers or gyroscopes.
    Description: This work was funded by “Regione Lazio” (Italy) with European Regional Development Fund (Italy, Lazio) through the call “Gruppi di Ricerca 2020 (POR FESR LAZIO 2014 – 2020), project number: A0375-2020-36674
    Description: Published
    Description: 114090
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: gravimeter ; gravimetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: This study employs a multimethod approach to investigate the sediment distribution in two pocket beaches, Ramla Beach and Mellieha S Beach, in Malta. Both study sites were digitally reconstructed using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. For each case, an ERT and a dense network of ambient seismic noise measurements processed through a horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) technique were acquired. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) analysis enables the estimation of sediment thickness in each beach. HVSR analysis revealed peaks related to beach sediments overlying limestone rocks in both sites and also indicated a deeper stratigraphic contact in Mellieha S Beach. Based on ERT measurements, sediment thickness is calculated for each HVSR measurement. Interpolation of results allows for bedrock surface modelling in each case study, and when combined with digital terrain models (DTMs) derived from photogrammetric models, sediment volumes are estimated for each site. The geometry of this surface is analyzed from a geological perspective, showing structural control of sediment distribution due to a normal fault in Mellieha S Beach and stratigraphic control facilitated by a highly erodible surface in Ramla Beach. The results emphasize the importance of adopting a three-dimensional perspective in coastal studies for precise sediment volume characterization and a deeper understanding of pocket beach dynamics. This practical multimethod approach presented here offers valuable tools for future coastal research and effective coastal management, facilitating informed decision making amidst the growing vulnerability of coastal zones to climate change impacts.
    Description: This work was partially supported by the project Satellite Investigation to study POcket BEach Dynamics (SIPOBED, SRF-2021-2S1, PI: Sebastiano D’Amico),the project Multi-disciplinary monitoring system for a resilient management of coastal areas (REMACO) funded by the INTERREG V A–Italy-Malta Capitalization Programme, the INGV Project “Ricerca 703 Libera” BR2019.23 (“Unveiling silent faults in low strain-rates regions through the integration 704 of high-resolution geophysical and seismological analyses” P.I. Fabio Villani), and by the Internationalisation Partnership & Awards Scheme Plus (IPAS+) supported by the Malta Council for Science and Technology through the project “Near-surface geophysics and geomatic applied to coastal systems” (IPAS-2022-020).
    Description: Published
    Description: 40
    Description: OSA4: Ambiente marino, fascia costiera ed Oceanografia operativa
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio; seismic ambient noise; pocket beach; Malta; near-surface geophysics; electrical resistivity tomography; photogrammetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are exploited as signals of opportunity in many scientific activities, ranging from sensing waterways and humidity of the terrain to the monitoring of the ionosphere. The latter can be pursued by processing the GNSS signals through dedicated ground-based monitoring equipment, such as the GNSS Ionospheric Scintillation and Total Electron Content Monitoring (GISTM) receivers. Nonetheless, GNSS signals are susceptible to intentional or unintentional RF interferences (RFIs), which may alter the calculation of the scintillation indices, thus compromising the quality of the scientific data and the reliability of the derived space weather monitoring products. Upon the observation of anomalous scintillation indices computed by a GISTM receiver in the Mediterranean area, the study presents the results of the analysis and characterization of a deliberate, unclassified interferer acting on the L1/E1 GNSS signal bands, observed and captured through an experimental, software-defined radio setup. This article also highlights the adverse impacts of the interferer on the amplitude scintillation indices employed in scientific investigations, and presents a methodology to discriminate among regular and corrupted scintillation data.
    Description: Published
    Description: 8230 - 8248
    Description: OSA3: Climatologia e meteorologia spaziale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ; Radio Frequency Interferences ; Ionospheric Monitoring ; Ionospheric Scintillation ; 01.02. Ionosphere ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-23
    Description: The methods and the tools aimed at characterizing and analysing the carbonate materials used in the historic built heritage often follow different ways according to the different branches of applied research involved in the knowledge process. In this framework, the 3D digital models both of in situ architectural elements and of significative samples of rocks used as building materials can play an important role in relating different data and disciplines aimed at the prevention and conservation of the Cultural Heritage. Although the 3D geomatic and geophysical digital models represent privileged tools of the diagnostic analysis, they must be supported by the knowledge of the textural characteristics of the rocks under investigation with petrographic analyses. In order to study the stone materials heavily used in the historic built heritage and analyse their vulnerability to the conditions in their environment, it can be beneficial to study appropriately prepared samples and make as many measurements as necessary with different techniques. Moreover, some analyses are destructive and there is a limit to the number of samples that can be sacrificed. For this reason, in the analysis of rock samples, non-destructive techniques are constantly being improved. In this study, using a suitably implemented integrated methodology we analysed in detail samples of the carbonate rocks of the Calcari di Cagliari formation represented by Pietra Cantone, Tramezzario and Pietra Forte lithologies, mainly used in the past as construction materials for the buildings of the Historical Centre of Cagliari (Italy). Our methodology is represented by an integration of the geomatic survey carried out by structure-from-motion (SfM) digital close-range photogrammetry and the seismic tomography normally used for the in situ inspection adapted to laboratory tests on samples of the above lithologies using ultrasonic frequency signals. The rigorous metric of the geomatic 3D models was used to implement the ultrasonic survey by which internal characteristics and physical properties of the studied material are detected thanks to the spatial variations of the longitudinal velocity obtained after the tomographic inversion. The geomatic and geophysical data were complemented by an accurate analysis of the above carbonate materials by optical and scanning electron microscopy in order to detect their textural characteristics and especially the nature and distribution of their porosity. The microscopy analyses were integrated by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) to obtain further information on the pore network, particularly on the effective porosity, pores-throat diameters/radii, permeability and tortuosity of the investigated materials. All the above parameters were found to affect the geomatic and geophysical behaviour of the carbonate materials. The integration of the multi-technique data produced in this study contributes to better understand the interaction between the investigated materials and the environment.
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna, Austria
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Keywords: Carbonate Rocks ; Calcari di Cagliari Formation ; Characterization ; Petrographic, Geomatic and Geophysical Approach ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Abstract
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-01-29
    Description: Recent advances in underwater and airborne robotic systems and ocean technologies have opened new perspectives in marine geology and its applications in the context of coastal and marine economic activities, whose sustainable development is increasingly acknowledged as a pillar for the new blue economy. BridgET (Bridging the gap between the land and the sea in a virtual Environment for innovative Teaching and community involvement in the science of climate change-induced marine and coastal geohazard) is an EU ERASMUS+ project designed to develop innovative and inclusive teaching methods to address a growing demand for strategic skills and scientific expertise in the field of 3D geological mapping of coastal environments. Seamless integration of the wide variety of multisource and multiscale onshore, nearshore and offshore geospatial data is indeed one of the main areas for improvement in the implementation of efficient management practices in coastal regions, where climate change, rising sea level, and geohazards are considerable environmental issues. BridgET involves a partnership consisting of six European universities with outstanding expertise in the study of geological hazards, and climate impacts in marine and coastal areas (i.e., University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy, Arctic University of Tromsø/CAGE - Norway, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Greece, Kiel University, Germany, University of Liege – Belgium, and the University of Malta), two Italian research institutes (INGV and INAF) and a German company (Orthodrone GmvH) specialized in UAS-based LiDAR and photogrammetry data acquisition services and analyses. Project implementation relies on delivering learning and teaching activities through dedicated summer schools for MSc students by efficiently combining the partner’s expertise. Schools focus on giving students a hands-on experience with the variety of methods and procedures adopted in geospatial data acquisition and processing, including the use of drones (Uncrewed Aerial System – UAS), acoustic remote sensing techniques and underwater robotic systems, together with the progress made by computer visions and digital image analysis by using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Students are also introduced to the opportunity to easily examine multiple viewing angles of the seabed and coastal 3D surfaces by using immersive and nonimmersive Virtual Reality (VR), to bring them closer to a more straightforward observation of geomorphological data and geological phenomena. The first Summer School was held in Santorini between the 3rd and 14th of October, 2022. It was attended by 26 students coming from 13 different countries. Teaching and learning activities included several classrooms, fieldwork, laboratory sessions, and seven seminars and cultural visits dealing with transversal topics, allowing students to approach an integrated understanding of human interaction with physical processes from social and economic perspectives. In this presentation, we give examples of course content used to allow students to develop a deeper understanding of theoretical and practical knowledge of climate-induced coastal and marine geohazards. Participants' opinions on the quality of the offered learning/training activities of the Erasmus+ BridgET Santorini Summer School (collected through a dedicated questionnaire) will also be presented. Erasmus+ BridgET Team: Varvara Antoniou, Fabio Luca Bonali, Clara Drummer, Theynushya Esalingam, Luca Fallati, Susanna Falsaperla, Felix Gross, Hans-Balder havenith, Juri Klusak, Sebastian Krastel, Iver Martens, Aaron Micallef, Paraskevi Nomikou, Giuliana Panieri, Danilo Reitano, Julian Teege, Alessandro Tibaldi, Andrea Giulia Varzi, Fabio Vitello, Othonas Vlasopoulos
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna (Austria)
    Description: OSA4: Ambiente marino, fascia costiera ed Oceanografia operativa
    Keywords: marine geosciences ; education ; Europe ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-03-20
    Description: A multi-analytical approach was employed for the first time to study the stone materials, wall paintings and related degradation forms in the Cathedral of Gerace (Reggio Calabria, southern Italy). With an area of around 1898 square meters, the Gerace Cathedral is the largest in Calabria: its construction dates back to the Norman era (between 1085 and 1120), and currently displays distinct features of Greek and Latin architectural orders. Despite having undergone numerous restorations, the church perfectly preserves its original buildings materials. Following an extensive site inspection campaign, supported by the experts dealing with building restoration, several areas were selected for analyses. Both in situ investigations and laboratory tests were carried out on micro-fragments using Non-Destructive and Micro-Destructive Techniques (NDTs and MDTs). The first step involved an inspection through InfraRed Thermography (IRT) in order to map the internal walls of the Cathedral and identify zones with potential degradation phenomena. Subsequently, a more in-depth study was designed based on the thermographic results, and laboratory tests were carried out on micro-fragments and powders to characterize the different kinds of materials (i.e., stones, mortars, plasters and pigments) and decay agents (i.e., salts and efflorescences). Thirty-one samples were subjected to a complementary analytical approach which included Polarizing Optical Microscopy (POM), Ion Chromatography (IC), X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with microanalysis (EDS). The results allowed us to preliminarily characterize the different materials from which the Cathedral was built, determine its state of conservation and provide a better knowledge of the entire building, revealing details not visible to the naked eye which are important for future conservation interventions. As for the state of conservation, the integrated use of various techniques enabled the detection of rising damp generally correlated with the occurrence of water infiltration and migration phenomena which appear to affect a large part of the building, causing noticeable damage (i.e., loss of surface material, micro-cracks, white salt efflorescence, etc.). The characterization of the materials carried out on mortars, plasters, and pigments also confirmed the local origin of the raw materials. However, the provenance of the studied marbles and crystalline limestones, could not be established and, therefore, further in-depth studies are required.
    Description: Published
    Description: e02225
    Description: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Diagnostic ; Gerace cathedral ; Stone materials ; Pigments ; Plasters ; Restoration ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.06. Methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: At the end of the summer 2021, an increase in CO2 emissions at Vulcano brought an increase in the alert level and, consequently, to the upgrade of the monitoring activities by increasing the number of instruments deployed and the rate of the surveys. One of the new devices installed was a geodetic GNSS mobile network for a real-time and high-frequency monitoring of ground deformation, to increase the detail with respect to the existing permanent network. The mobile stations were initially installed at the northern base of the La Fossa crater, where the highest values of soil degassing were recorded. Two stations were co-located with gravimeters, in order to compare and integrate the data. After this very first period of testing, the mobile GNSS array has been reconfigured, to investigate the mud pool area. Thus, four stations were installed around the degassing area, one of them being in the same site of the gravimeter. Data has been acquired at 1 Hz rate and is used for the weekly reporting to Civil Protection. It was the first experience of a light and quick-to-install geodetic real-time and high-rate GNSS mobile network in this area, and it was the occasion for testing its performance, as well as different approaches for the real-time kinematic (RTK) differential positioning in order to find the most suitable for the ongoing phenomena. Furthermore, direct data communication and archiving in the institutional database have been implemented for immediate querying from the control room tools. We report the experiences collected during the installation phase, site selection, RTK approaches, and ground motion and provide the daily raw data in RINEX format for any future precise postprocessing for the mid- to long-term analyses.
    Description: Published
    Description: 36
    Description: OSV3: Sviluppo di nuovi sistemi osservazionali e di analisi ad alta sensibilità
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Deformation ; Satellite geodesy ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.06. Methods ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-02-05
    Description: Il presente rapporto prosegue le attività del Gruppo di lavoro (GdL) Open Science, istituito nel 2021 dalla Consulta dei Presidenti (CoPER) degli Enti Pubblici di Ricerca (EPR) per favorire la promozione delle istanze dell'Open Science tra gli EPR, con le Università rappresentate dalla CRUI e anche con i diversi soggetti che, a vario titolo, partecipano alle tematiche della Scienza Aperta. Il suddetto GdL è suddiviso in Gruppi Tematici che, su base volontaria, provvedono alla preparazione di documenti e azioni per la promozione e il sostegno delle politiche di scienza aperta in Italia, così come pianificato nel documento programmatico, in collaborazione con altri attori operanti sulla scena nazionale. Dopo la pubblicazione dei risultati relativi al sondaggio sulle Politiche e le infrastrutture per l'Open Access per pubblicazioni e letteratura grigia, questo secondo sondaggio fotografa, alla primavera del 2023, il grado di adozione di politiche e pratiche relative alla gestione istituzionale dei dati scientifici secondo il paradigma della Scienza Aperta. Questo nuovo sondaggio nasce a valle delle discussioni sui Dati Aperti condotte in occasione del primo convegno GdL Open Science a dicembre 2022 i cui punti salienti sono raccolti nella presentazione dal titolo “Esperienze di gestione degli Open Data negli Enti pubblici di Ricerca”. La struttura del sondaggio è un adattamento e una semplificazione del modello sistematico proposto dall’ European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Steering Board al fine di monitorare i contributi nazionali a EOSC, scelto anche in accordo con i suggerimenti del Tavolo di Lavoro per l’implementazione del Programma Nazionale per la Scienza Aperta (PNSA) del Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MUR). Sulla base dei risultati emersi da questo sondaggio, il Gruppo Tematico Open Data del GdL Open Science della CoPER intende avviare un monitoraggio permanente allo scopo di rendere disponibile uno strumento utile a coordinare gli sforzi degli EPR nella propria gestione istituzionale dei dati. Il presente documento fornisce una panoramica della struttura del sondaggio e dei risultati ottenuti. Al sondaggio hanno risposto 14 EPR tra quelli partecipanti al GdL Open Science della CoPER, tramite i rispettivi rappresentanti.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA), Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
    Description: Published
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Keywords: Open Data ; Open Science ; Data Policy ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-04-23
    Description: The integrated use of non-destructive geomatic and geophysical techniques such as close-range digital photogrammetry, laser scanner techniques, thermography, sonic and ultrasonic methods, resistivity, etc... for the diagnostics of the stone building materials of architectural structures has become increasingly dependent on the integration of different disciplines of applied research. As is well known many historic monuments are characterized by severe damage due to temporal degradation, problems caused by differential settlements of the foundations and various types of natural hazards. Therefore it is of great interest to test and develop effective, integrated non invasive procedures to detect the conservation state of the building materials of historic structures, and identify and prevent their potential vulnerability in order to preserve their intrinsic characteristics for a long time. For extensive applications, as well as for investigations on monuments or large architectural elements, scanning and digital high resolution images are particularly useful, thanks to their limited cost, high production and relatively simple reproducibility of the tests. These techniques give useful information on the shallow conditions of the investigated materials. Geophysical techniques such as the ultrasonic and resistivity methods are non-invasive and are considered the most appropriate to evaluate the internal structure and assess the quality of the stone materials of the architectural heritage. This paper presents an integrated approach that combines advanced geomatic survey procedures, such as close-range photogrammetry (CRP) based on high resolution images and Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) techniques with a few geophysical techniques such as the ultrasonic and resistivity ones in order to test the effectiveness of the integrated approach in providing an effective diagnosis of stone building materials in the Basilica di San Saturnino (Cagliari – Italy). This Basilica is the oldest monument of the town of Cagliari (Italy) and represents an interesting synthesis of different construction techniques with heterogeneous stone materials of different origins. CRP and TLS were applied to the investigated elements with the aim of obtaining a natural colour texturized 2D-3D model with a calibrated scale and coordinates. The geometrical anomaly and reflectivity maps derived from the data of the CRP-TLS survey show the presence of some anomalies worthy of attention, but they were referred to the shallow materials. A further investigation on site using the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and electrical resistivity techniques were performed to investigate the materials in depth. The results of the CRP and TLS techniques allowed the best design of the ultrasonic and electrical techniques and also proved to be useful in the data interpretation phase.
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna - Austria
    Description: OSA5: Energia e georisorse
    Keywords: non-destructive geomatic and geophysical techniques ; diagnostics of the stone building materials ; architectural structures ; historic monuments ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Abstract
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-03-19
    Description: I have attached the manuscript resubmitted after making the changes requested by the reviewers. The Data Report is published in a Special Issue of Bulletin of Volcanology, Copyright © 2024, International Association of Volcanology & Chemistry of the Earth's Interior.
    Description: The thermal monitoring of high-temperature fumaroles (HTF) located at the summit of La Fossa cone (Island of Vulcano, Italy), is based on the acquisition of high temporal resolution data. The HTF stations are part of a multi-parameter surveillance network. The longest time series of HTF temperatures has tracked the thermal effects of many exhaling crises that have affected the active volcanic system under la Fossa caldera, for over 40 years. The HTF records always showed a medium term period (from weeks to several months) of increasing heat flow before of the following impulsive onset. The last impulsive onset occurred in 2021, and reached the acme of the exhaling crisis in early November. The INGV surveillance network, detected different anomalous signals, allowing the scientific community to closely follow the surface effects of processes originated at depth. The very first signals detected during unrests were the increases in outlet temperatures and steam output from fumaroles, correlated to an enhanced concentration of acidic gas species. The episodes of unrest have been generally accompanied by an increase in seismo-volcanic events with, sometimes negligible, ground deformation. On this close conduit volcano, we are facing the upgrading of thermal monitoring at the ground level. Starting from these long-term monitoring datasets, used as ground control data, we are also testing the most advanced technical facilities supplied by the optical sensors (either ground, air or space based) to define the time variations of the thermal release over large surfaces.
    Description: This research was funded by the INGV-DPC (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia—Italian Civil Protection Department) volcanic surveillance program of Vulcano Island. This study has benefited from funding provided by the Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri—Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (OvFu 0304.010).
    Description: Published
    Description: 30
    Description: OSV4: Preparazione alle crisi vulcaniche
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: temperature of fumaroles ; time series ; Unrest ; Vulcano ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.02. Data dissemination ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: This article describes a dataset of acceleration signals acquired from a low-cost Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) during seismic events that occurred in Central Italy. The WSN consists of 5 low-cost sensor nodes, each embedding an ADXL355 tri-axial MEMS accelerometer with a fixed sampling frequency of 250 Hz. The data was acquired from February 2023 to the end of June 2023. During this period, several earthquake sequences affected the area where the sensor network was installed. Continuous data was acquired from the WSN and then trimmed around the origin time of seismic events that occurred near the installation site, close to the city of Pollenza (MC), Italy. A total of 67 events were selected, whose data is available at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) Seismology data center. The traces acquired from the WSN were then manually annotated by analysts from INGV. Annotations include picking time for P and S phases, when distinguishable from the background noise, alongside an associated uncertainty level for the manual annotations. The resulting dataset consists of 328 3 × 25,001 arrays, each associated with its metadata. The metadata includes event data (hypocenter position, origin time, magnitude, magnitude type, etc.), trace-related data (mean, median, maximum, and minimum amplitudes, manual picks, and picks uncertainty), and sensor-specific data (sensor name, sensitivity, and orientation). Furthermore, a small dataset consisting of non-seismic traces is included, with the goal of providing records of noise-only traces, relative to both electronic and environmental/anthropic noise sources. The dataset holds potential for training and developing Machine Learning or signal processing algorithms for seismic data with low signal-to-noise ratios. Additionally, it is valuable for research about earthquakes, structural health monitoring, and MEMS accelerometer performance in civil and seismic engineering applications.
    Description: Published
    Description: 110174
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Earthquake early warning; Internet of things; MEMS accelerometers; Structural health monitoring; Wireless sensor network ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.02. Data dissemination ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Description: La presente invenzione si pone nel campo dei sistemi di criogenia, in particolare dei vasi di Dewar e dei sistemi che li utilizzano. Si tratta di una soluzione per il monitoraggio del livello del liquido criogenico all'interno di un vaso di Dewar. Il tappo brevettato consente di preservare il funzionamento di un comune sensore prodotto per lavorare a temperatura ambiente consentendo l'applicazione di tecnologia a basso costo.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Description: Published
    Description: OS: Terza missione
    Description: OSV3: Sviluppo di nuovi sistemi osservazionali e di analisi ad alta sensibilità
    Keywords: dewar ; liquido criogenico ; azoto liquido ; low cost ; monitoraggio ; mantenimento ; 03.04. Chemical and biological ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2024-02-12
    Description: Nel 2018 è stato avviato il progetto FOCUS - Fiber Optic Cable Use For Seafloor Studies Of Earthquake - coordinato da Marc-André Gutscher del Laboratoire Géosciences Océan dell’Università di Brest, in Francia. Questo progetto indaga la sismicità e la struttura crostale del Mar Ionio attraverso l’analisi e l’interpretazione di dati raccolti da strumentazione sottomarina e da reti di monitoraggio disponibili o appositamente installate nelle zone di costa. In tale contesto, l’Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti (ONT) e l’Osservatorio Etneo (OE), entrambe Sezioni dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), e il Laboratorio di Sismologia dell'Università della Calabria (UniCal), hanno contribuito al progetto con l’installazione di una rete sismica temporanea lungo la costa ionica calabro-siciliana a integrazione della rete permanente presente nell’area dello Stretto di Messina. La rete temporanea, costituita da 13 stazioni, ha acquisito dal mese di dicembre 2021 al mese di giugno 2023. Nel gennaio 2022, i partner internazionali del progetto FOCUS hanno installato una rete temporanea di sismometri OBS e sensori di pressione per fondali marini. La grande quantità di dati raccolta e la loro integrazione, consentirà di migliorare il monitoraggio sismico e le conoscenze relative alla struttura terrestre dell’area con particolare attenzione alle strutture sismogenetiche con un dettaglio mai raggiunto fino a ora. Tutte le istituzioni coinvolte in FOCUS collaborano per l’acquisizione e l’elaborazione dei dati, l’imaging dell’interno della Terra attraverso l’utilizzo di tecniche avanzate, l’interpretazione e la modellazione dei dati. Il presente lavoro descrive la progettazione, la realizzazione e la gestione della rete temporanea a terra definita FXland, fornendo indicazioni relative sul suo generale funzionamento e sulle caratteristiche del dataset acquisito.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-26
    Description: OST1 Alla ricerca dei Motori Geodinamici
    Description: OST3 Vicino alla faglia
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Progetto FOCUS ; Reti sismiche temporanee ; Sismicità ; FOCUS project ; Temporary seismic networks ; Seismicity ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: In questa tesi si intende presentare i risultati di una sperimentazione condotta sia in laboratorio che su rocce in sito, tendente a dimostrare l’esistenza di emissioni radio a bassissima frequenza (bande ELF, VF, VLF) in associazione alla sollecitazione meccanica di masse litoidi. Questo effetto supporta l’ipotesi che ha motivato sia la costruzione dell’apparecchio utilizzato nella rilevazione dei segnali che la tesi stessa: la possibilità di individuare nei segnali radiosismici un fenomeno precursore attendibile. L’effetto però si può estendere al monitoraggio della stabilità di versanti rocciosi (eventuale previsione di frane) e ad altre applicazioni geologiche di monitoraggio e prospezione. Il metodo consiste nello studio della radiazione elettromagnetica naturale in banda acustica (20 Hz – 20 kHz) in quanto questa si adatta più facilmente all’ordinaria disponibilità dei mezzi hardware e software. Ciò lo rende particolarmente accessibile a basso costo. Il fenomeno all’origine di queste emissioni può avere diversi modelli di interpretazione. Qui si farà riferimento in particolare a quello proposto dal candidato, senza tuttavia trascurare altre possibilità. Il rilevatore, chiamato “radiogeofono”, è stato costruito dal candidato appositamente per questo scopo. La sperimentazione in sito si è svolta in una cava di calcare massiccio su fronti abbattuti da volate di mine. La sperimentazione in laboratorio si è svolta su campioni di varie litologie (calc.massiccio, calcare a rudiste, scaglia variegata, porfido) sottoposti a compressione uniassiale. Oltre al radiogeofono sono stati impiegati sensori aerei e apparecchiature radio convenzionali per monitorare: onda acustica, onda di pressione, emissioni elettromagnetiche nelle bande HF e UHF. Le registrazioni analogiche sono state convertite in campionamenti digitali per poter essere sottoposte a processi software di filtraggio ed analisi numerica (oscillogrammi e spettrogrammi). Sono stati rilevati segnali emessi dalla roccia associabili alla variazione dello stato tensionale e alla successiva fratturazione sia in condizione di distensione (esperimenti in cava) che di compressione (esperimenti in laboratorio). E’ stato verificato che in banda E-VLF i segnali premonitori della rottura si possono rilevare sistematicamente. Tali emissioni hanno un’intensità massima in banda radioacustica che decresce all’aumentare della frequenza diventando quindi molto bassa sulle bande radiofoniche di maggiore utilizzazione. Il meccanismo di emissione, qualunque esso sia, si è dimostrato più o meno efficiente in funzione del tipo di roccia e delle condizioni di sforzo che la portano alla rottura. Lo studio delle emissioni elettromagnetiche naturali in banda ELF e VLF si è dimostrato dunque un metodo particolarmente promettente al fine di prevedere un sisma o comunque la rottura di una massa litoide.
    Description: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Roma "La Sapienza".
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Keywords: terremoto ; precursori sismici ; emissione elettromagnetica ; dilatanza ; microfratturazione ; VLF ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: thesis
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: Lo studio prende in esame principalmente una porzione continua di spettro EM che si estende da 20 Hz a 20 kHz attraversando le bande radio ELF e VLF. La scelta di questa banda ha consentito un’accurata discriminazione dei fenomeni attraverso l’analisi spettrale del segnale EM, resa possibile dall’adozione di tecnologie già disponibili nel campo dei segnali acustici. Il fenomeno di emissione EM associata alla sollecitazione meccanica della roccia si presenta sotto forma di segnali impulsivi. In laboratorio si sono potute distinguere due categorie di segnale impulsivo, ciascuna caratterizzata da un proprio stile riconoscibile nell’analisi comparata della distribuzione spettrale, degli eventi e delle intensità. La sorgente dell’emissione può essere attribuita alla microfratturazione attraverso il modello della frattura in un dielettrico. Il potenziale generato su ogni singola frattura sembra essere dell’ordine delle centinaia di Volt e potrebbe raggiungere il migliaio. Il primo tipo di emissione (SIO), ad alta frequenza, è associabile meccanicamente alla formazione dei crack e indipendentemente dalla scala si può suddividere in insiemi di unità: impulsi, treni di impulsi ed episodi di emissione dei treni. Il secondo e più intenso tipo di sequenza (SID) è invece a bassa frequenza e associabile all’apertura delle fratture. In questo caso nella distribuzione temporale degli eventi si possono riconoscere degli episodi legati alla rottura da una relazione di proporzionalità. La fenomenologia nel suo complesso è stata osservata in ogni tipo di litologia esaminata con differenze non dipendenti direttamente dalla mineralogia ma piuttosto riconducibili all’omogeneità strutturale e allo stile deformativo del materiale. Malgrado questa variabilità abbia influenzato anche l’intensità dell’emissione, la sequenza SID, almeno nella fase parossistica, è osservabile in ogni prova e quindi la sua occorrenza appare sistematica. Nell’ambiente naturale in tre occasioni è stato riconosciuto un segnale riconducibile alla SIO, in tutti i casi associabile ad un sisma di magnitudo ≥ 4.5 succeduto nell’arco di 3~4 giorni. Rispetto all’emissione osservata in laboratorio mostra la stessa distribuzione spettrale e una distribuzione temporale analoga su scala maggiore. L’eventuale presenza dell’emissione SID potrebbe non essere stata risolta dal dispositivo di rilevamento. In generale sono ipotizzabili l’esistenza di una soglia di magnitudo legata all’occorrenza del precursore EM e la sistematicità della successione di un sisma all’emissione EM. E’ ipotizzabile inoltre la presenza di elementi utili alla previsione temporale dell’evento catastrofico nella caratterizzazione della variabilità del fenomeno stesso e la possibilità di risalire alla posizione della sorgente del segnale indipendentemente dalla direttività del sensore. Sebbene si tratti solo di ipotesi, le caratteristiche di questo tipo di precursore sarebbero tali da giustificare l’avanzamento di nuovi studi per la loro verifica.
    Description: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Roma "La Sapienza"
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Keywords: terremoto ; fenomeni precursori ; emissioni elettromagnetiche ; dilatanza ; microfratturazione ; VLF ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: thesis
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2024-05-16
    Description: Abstract: Non-invasive techniques, such as close-range photogrammetry (CRP) and 3D ultrasonic tomography complemented with optical and scanning electron microscopy and mercury porosimetry, were applied to characterize the carbonate rock samples of the Calcari di Cagliari formation. The integrated approach started with the computation of high-resolution 3D models of the carbonate samples using the CRP technique to produce 3D high-resolution models texturized both with natural colors and intensity. Starting from the 3D models from previous techniques, a 3D ultrasonic tomography on each rock sample was accurately planned and carried out in order to detect the elastic properties of such rocks and relate them to textural heterogeneity or internal defects. The results indicate that the relationship between longitudinal velocity and rock properties is complex even in the same carbonate formation. Understanding the relationship between the geomatic and geophysical responses in the investigated rock properties, such as textural characteristics and especially structure and geometry of pores, type of pores, tortuosity and cementing material, is important for many practical applications and especially in the diagnostic process of the conservation state of monumental structures. The integration of the above non-invasive techniques complemented by petrographical–petrophysical data proved to be a powerful method to associate each lithotype with a different susceptibility to degradation. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the proposed integrated use of complementary methodologies would guarantee the reproducibility of the measurements both at the laboratory and field scale for the monitoring in time of the rock condition while giving a useful contribution in making decisions on an appropriate remedial strategy.
    Description: Published
    Description: 501
    Description: OSA5: Energia e georisorse
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: carbonate rocks ; petrographic data ; photogrammetry ; ultrasonic tomography ; integrated interpretation ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2024-04-30
    Description: Laser interferometry enables to remotely measure microscopical length changes of deployedtelecommunication cables originating from earthquakes. Long reach and compatibility with datatransmission make it attractive for the exploration of both remote regions and highly-populated areaswhere optical networks are pervasive. However, interpretation of its response still suffers from a limitednumber of available datasets. We systematically analyze 1.5 years of acquisitions on a land-basedtelecommunication cable in comparison to co-located seismometers, with successful detection ofevents in a broad magnitude range, including very weak ones. We determine relations between acable’s detection probability and the events magnitude and distance, introducing spectral analysis offiber data as a tool to investigate earthquake dynamics. Our results reveal that quantitative analysis ispossible, confirming applicability of this technique both for the global monitoring of our planet and thedaily seismicity monitoring of populated areas, in perspective exploitable for civilian protection
    Description: Published
    Description: 178
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic monitoring ; Telecom fiber network ; Seismic detection ; Optical Fiber ; Laser interferometry ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2023-10-11
    Description: Le reti neurali si stanno rivelando utili anche nelle discipline geofisiche ed in particolare quando si devono eseguire classificazioni di grandi moli di dati. I vari diagrammi SQLX (spettri di rumore, spettrogrammi ecc.) sono un importante strumento di analisi della qualità del segnale sismico in ingresso nelle sale operative INGV e/o archiviato. Grazie ad essi si possono individuare malfunzionamenti nelle stazioni o più in generale errori (anche di sensibilità/amplificazione) nel segnale sismico, errori che possono dipendere da vari fattori. Non potendo controllare “manualmente” diagrammi di circa 500 stazioni della RSN, oltre 3000 diagrammi, stiamo testando una procedura che utilizza l'intelligenza artificiale per automatizzare un’analisi preliminare che consenta poi all’analista di focalizzarsi solo su un numero limitato di stazioni “sospette”, già selezionate dalla procedura. In particolare, abbiamo eseguito il training di una rete neurale “profonda” che impara a classificare le immagini. Abbiamo eseguito il processo di apprendimento utilizzando 150 diagrammi di rumore standard (classificati preliminarmente “buoni”) e 150 classificati “anomali”. Durante la fase di apprendimento, il gruppo di appartenenza di ciascun diagramma (detto anche label) deve essere specificato come dato di input. Dopo aver eseguito il training, la rete neurale è in grado di classificare altri diagrammi (“buoni” e anomali) ossia di capire a quale gruppo indicato nel training appartiene un segnale che la rete non ha mai analizzato prima. Nel test eseguito, il sistema ha riconosciuto correttamente la classe di appartenenza dei diagrammi (buono/anomalo) nel 95% dei casi. La figura rappresenta la fase di apprendimento della rete neurale (linee blu). Durante tale fase, alcuni diagrammi sono riservati alla “validazione”: in altre parole, questi diagrammi non sono utilizzati nell’algoritmo matematico iterativo di apprendimento della rete neurale, ma soltanto per controllare l’accuratezza della rete anche su dati non utilizzati. L’accuratezza dei dati di validazione è mostrata dalla linea tratteggiata nera. Ai piedi del diagramma sono riportate alcune informazioni sulla procedura che impiega meno di 2 minuti per analizzare 300 diagrammi spettrali. In questa prima fase abbiamo usato solo le stazioni con sismometri a Larga Banda (canali HH*). Questo perché i diagrammi di tali stazioni sono simili tra loro e molto diversi da quelli delle stazioni a corto periodo. In altre parole abbiamo applicato la procedura a circa il 60% delle stazioni della RSN. Stiamo attualmente studiando come allargare l’analisi alle stazioni a corto periodo.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Roma, via di Vigna Murata 605
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e sorveglianza
    Keywords: Spettri di Potenza SQLX ; Power Spectral Density (PSD) ; Probability Density Function (PDF or PPSD) ; Rumore sismico ; Reti Neurali ; Convolutional Neural Network ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.01. Computational geophysics ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2023-11-23
    Description: We present the geomorphological map of the upper sector of the Roncovetro active landslide (Enza Valley, Emilia-Romagna, Italy). The 1:1500 scale map provides an accurate picture of the landslide in October 2014. The map is mainly based on the data collected during an airborne LiDAR survey. The capability of LiDAR to ‘penetrate’ the vegetation cover makes these data the most complete and accurate topographic dataset of this landslide. The map shows that the upper sector of the Roncovetro landslide consists of gravity- and water runoff-related forms. Gravitational features are linked to sliding and flowing movements that characterize the short- and long-term behaviour of the landslide. By comparing the 2014 LiDAR-Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with the 1973 DEM provided by the Emilia-Romagna Region, we calculated that 6.2 ± 0.8 × 105 m3 of material has moved from the top of the Roncovetro landslide in about 40 years.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2277898
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Description: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Landslides ; Geomorphological map ; LiDAR ; Digital Elevation Model (DEM) ; Topographic change detection ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.04. Geology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.08. Risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2023-12-27
    Description: L'Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) è componente del Servizio Nazionale di Protezione Civile, ex articolo 6 della legge 24 febbraio 1992 n. 225 ed è Centro di Competenza per i fenomeni sismici, vulcanici e i maremoti per il Dipartimento della Protezione Civile Nazionale (DPC). L’Osservatorio Vesuviano, Sezione di Napoli dell’INGV, ha nei suoi compiti il monitoraggio e la sorveglianza H24/7 delle aree vulcaniche attive campane (Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei e Ischia). Tali attività sono disciplinate dall’Accordo-Quadro (AQ) sottoscritto tra il DPC e l’INGV per il periodo 2022-2025 e sono dettagliate nell’Allegato Tecnico del suddetto AQ. Il presente Rapporto sul Monitoraggio dei Vulcani Campani rappresenta l’attività svolta dall’Osservatorio Vesuviano e dalle altre Sezioni INGV impegnate nel monitoraggio dell’area vulcanica campana nel 2022.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Dipartimento della Protezione Civile
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: OSV1: Verso la previsione dei fenomeni vulcanici pericolosi
    Description: OSV2: Complessità dei processi vulcanici: approcci multidisciplinari e multiparametrici
    Description: OSV3: Sviluppo di nuovi sistemi osservazionali e di analisi ad alta sensibilità
    Description: OSV4: Preparazione alle crisi vulcaniche
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei ; Vesuvio ; Ischia ; Volcano Monitoring ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2023-02-28
    Description: This paper presents the study of NordicWalking providing objective evaluations based on real time acquisition of kinematic parameters during the sport practice. It is possible to carefully monitor the athletic gesture through the integration of conventional poles with inertial sensors, composed of a triaxial accelerometer, a triaxial gyroscope, a pressure sensor positioned on the handle, and a load cell, which constitute aWireless Sensor Networkwhose nodes are appropriately synchronized. The integration of such sensors, whichmust be unobstructive and not change the functionality of the poles, is dictated by the ultimate goal of providing a real time biofeedback in two possible scenarios. The first is intended for Nordic Walking’s instructors, who have the opportunity to verify the proper practice execution by their trainees through the availability of real time objective data, in addition to their personalexperience.The second is devoted to amateur playerswho can practicealone, after the training sessionwith the instructor, and can independently correct any imperfections in real time using a software tool running on their smartphone. Using the Dynamic TimeWarping algorithm, the proposed system identifies themost frequent errors in performing athletic gesture, allowing adjustment in real time of the sporting exercise, through the detection, quantification and correction of errors. The obtained results show that the developed system is able to provide an accurate analysis of the athletic gesture and the proposed algorithm allows a quantitative monitoring of the progress achieved by each subject over time.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2744 - 2757
    Description: 7TM.Sviluppo e Trasferimento Tecnologico
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Activity monitoring ; data analytics ; Internet Of Things ; smart sport equipments ; wireless sensor network ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2023-02-21
    Description: We illustrate the implementation and results of a field experiment, consisting of recording continuous signal from a hydrophone 3 m deep in the Venetian lagoon. We simultaneously recorded audio signal through a microphone placed on a nearby pier. We investigate the potential of this simple instrumental setup to explore the small touristic boat traffic contribution to the underwater noise. The ultimate goal of our work is to contribute to quantifying underwater noise pollution due to motorboat passages and its impact on the ecosystem. Efforts such as ours should help to identify measures that could diminish noise pollution, focusing specifically on the aspects that are most disruptive to underwater life. After this preliminary test, more work can be planned, involving the deployment of a larger network of similar instruments around the lagoon. At this point, we can conclude that (i) our instruments are sensitive enough to detect motorboats and identify some of their characteristics; (ii) the area of interest is characterized by a large (approx. 20 dB) day/night difference in ambient noise; and (iii) the historic center of Venice and its immediate surroundings are particularly noisy, in comparison to other similarly studied locations.
    Description: Published
    Description: 221
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Cultural noise ; Motorboat noise ; Underwater noise ; Venice historic center ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.06. Methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2023-03-20
    Description: Here, an avant-garde study of three ancient Doric columns of the precious, ancient Romanesque church of Saints Lorenzo and Pancrazio in the historical town center of Cagliari (Italy) is presented based on the integrated application of different non-destructive testing methods. The limitations of each methodology are overcome by the synergistic application of these methods, affording an accurate, complete 3D image of the studied elements. Our procedure begins with a macroscopic in situ analysis to provide a preliminary diagnosis of the conditions of the building materials. The next step is laboratory tests, in which the porosity and other textural characteristics of the carbonate building materials are studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. After this, a survey with a terrestrial laser scanner and close-range photogrammetry is planned and executed to produce accurate high-resolution 3D digital models of the entire church and the ancient columns inside. This was the main objective of this study. The high-resolution 3D models allowed us to identify architectural complications occurring in historical buildings. The 3D reconstruction with the above metric techniques was indispensable for planning and carrying out the 3D ultrasonic tomography, which played an important role in detecting defects, voids, and flaws within the body of the studied columns by analyzing the propagation of the ultrasonic waves. The high-resolution 3D multiparametric models allowed us to obtain an extremely accurate picture of the conservation state of the studied columns in order to locate and characterize both shallow and internal defects in the building materials. This integrated procedure can aid in the control of the spatial and temporal variations in the materials’ properties and provides information on the process of deterioration in order to allow adequate restoration solutions to be developed and the structural health of the artefact to be monitored.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3098
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: close-range photogrammetry ; terrestrial laser scanner ; 3D digital models ; 3D ultrasonic tomography ; petrographic analyses ; carbonate materials ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: L'Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) è componente del Servizio Nazionale di Protezione Civile, ex articolo 6 della legge 24 febbraio 1992 n. 225 ed è Centro di Competenza per i fenomeni sismici, vulcanici e i maremoti per il Dipartimento della Protezione Civile Nazionale (DPC). L’Osservatorio Vesuviano, Sezione di Napoli dell’INGV, ha nei suoi compiti il monitoraggio e la sorveglianza H24/7 delle aree vulcaniche attive campane (Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei e Ischia). Tali attività sono disciplinate dall’Accordo-Quadro (AQ) sottoscritto tra il DPC e l’INGV per il decennio 2012-2021 e sono dettagliate negli Allegati A e B del suddetto AQ. Il presente Rapporto sul Monitoraggio dei Vulcani Campani rappresenta l’attività svolta dall’Osservatorio Vesuviano e dalle altre Sezioni INGV impegnate nel monitoraggio dell’area vulcanica campana nel primo semestre 2021.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Dipartimento della Protezione Civile
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 4V. Processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e sorveglianza
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei ; Vesuvio ; Ischia ; Volcano Monitoring ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2023-01-23
    Description: n this work, a compact, portable, extended operating life, maintenance-free and remotely operable apparatus for optical absorbance measurements in the ultraviolet region is proposed. The system is useful for concentration measurement of chemical species or biological agents that exhibit ultraviolet light absorption. An apparatus prototype was developed using a commercial LED as photons source at the desired wavelength and a photo-detector with low noise, high sensitivity and visible blindness, opportunely fabricated using Silicon Carbide technology. A suitable electronic for handling the very low-level current of the detector has been designed and built to be robust, portable, low-power, low-cost and with a WiFi user interface. The ultraviolet spectroscopy apparatus application to which this work is aimed, is the low-level concentration measurement of SO 2 in volcanic environment, while it can be easily adapted to other molecules detection and higher concentration level. While in previous Authors’ work the system feasibility has been explored using laboratory instrumentation, in this work the focus is to design a system that can be used in real harsh volcanic environment, where system lightweight, endurance and chemical strength against aggressive compounds are paramount. Resolution of approximately 1 ppm, compactness, robustness and insensitivity to humidity and temperature variations are required for this kind of environment. The performed laboratory tests and calibration for SO 2 monitoring, are reported and discussed. The system shows good sensitivity as high as 8 pA/ppm, a resolution 〈 1 ppm for SO 2 detection and low cross-sensitivity to main components usually present in volcanic gases.
    Description: Published
    Description: 11135 - 11143
    Description: 7TM.Sviluppo e Trasferimento Tecnologico
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: portable UV spectrometer ; SO2 monitoring ; 4H-SiC UV detector ; volcanoes environment monitoring ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2023-02-13
    Description: This article describes the IT infrastructure implemented by the Centre for the Monitoring of Subsoil activities to monitor the areas of competence of which, according to the provisions of the Addresses and Guidelines and following the appointment by the Ministry for Economic Development, the INGV is the Structure in charge of seismic and geodetic Monitoring. Particular attention is paid to the hardware and software infrastructure, the data formats used and their installation is described.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-32
    Description: 3SR TERREMOTI - Attività dei Centri
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Monitoraggio tempo reale ; Real time monitoring ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2023-02-22
    Description: Sea state affects the coasts of all maritime regions, and it impacts anthropic infrastructures and influences the activities carried out in the sea as well as in its proximity. Sea-state monitoring is therefore important for a number of reasons, including the need to validate weather forecast models and study the impact of sea waves on anthropic infrastructures such as ports. In this letter, we combined the measurements of sea state collected with Ocean Seismic Integrated System (OS-IS), a seismic-based system developed by AGI (Assist in Gravitation and Instrumentation) srl and INGV (National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology), with those obtained using a Wave Radar system. The aim was to prove that this combination could enhance the efficacy and reliability of sea monitoring, thanks to the complementarity of the two types of measurements in terms of area covered and spatial resolution. More specifically, the sea-state parameters provided by OS-IS were compared with those provided by a Wave Radar system. OS-IS data were collected from three microseismic stations installed near the Gulf of La Spezia, on the Ligurian Coast, whereas the Wave Radar system was installed at the center of the Cinque Terre National Park at about 12 km from the OS-IS system. The comparison between the measurements of significant wave height ( Hs ) and peak period ( Tp ) showed a good agreement, with a correlation index close to 0.9. The residual difference highlights the complementarity of the two systems and the potential of an integrated system that includes both. In particular, OS-IS provides measurements over large, offshore areas, whereas the Wave Radar System provides high spatial-resolution measurements over areas near the coast.
    Description: Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), 50127 Florence, Italy Assist in Gravitation and Instrumentation srl, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), 00143 Rome, Italy
    Description: Published
    Description: 3501305
    Description: 4A. Oceanografia e clima
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Radar ; Radar imaging ; Sea measurements ; Radar measurements ; Monitoring ; Seismic measurements ; Sea state ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2023-02-22
    Description: The European project “Wind, Ports, and Sea” (VPM), funded by the European Cross-border Programme “Italy-France Maritime 2007–2013”, aims to improve the safety conditions and to reduce the hazards by the development of a coupled monitoring and forecast system of the sea-state outside the main harbors of the Northern Tyrrhenian and Ligurian Seas. In particular, the sea and wind forecasts are evaluated by using a numerical model specifically implemented for this project and the monitoring system is made of measuring stations installed on the coast near the harbor areas. The Port Authority of La Spezia has implemented a pilot project based on a new method, called OS-IS (Ocean Seismic-Integrated Solution, [1]), for the inland remote monitoring of the sea. The key advantage of OS-IS is that is installed inland, inside a building, and there are no parts in the sea. The core elements of the system are high sensitivity accelerometers and specifically developed algorithms for the evaluation of the sea state using the micro-seismic signals on the basis of mathematical models and fitting calibration factors. After more than one year since the first installation, OS-IS has shown a high level of reliability and the validity of the measurements has been demonstrated by comparison with those of the buoys. In the following, the installed systems will be shortly described and compared with the conventional methods.
    Description: Assist in Gravitation and Instrumentation, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, European Cross-border Programme “Italy-France Maritime 2007–2013”
    Description: Published
    Description: 15473503
    Description: 4A. Oceanografia e clima
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: Sea waves ; monitoring ; passive instrumentation ; seismic noise ; accelerometers ; OS-IS® ; Wind , Ports and Sea ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2023-03-27
    Description: L'Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) è componente del Servizio Nazionale di Protezione Civile, ex articolo 6 della legge 24 febbraio 1992 n. 225 ed è Centro di Competenza per i fenomeni sismici, vulcanici e i maremoti per il Dipartimento della Protezione Civile Nazionale (DPC). L’Osservatorio Vesuviano, Sezione di Napoli dell’INGV, ha nei suoi compiti il monitoraggio e la sorveglianza H24/7 delle aree vulcaniche attive campane (Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei e Ischia). Tali attività sono disciplinate dall’Accordo-Quadro (AQ) sottoscritto tra il DPC e l’INGV per il decennio 2012-2021 e sono dettagliate negli Allegati A e B del suddetto AQ. Il presente Rapporto sul Monitoraggio dei Vulcani Campani rappresenta l’attività svolta dall’Osservatorio Vesuviano e dalle altre Sezioni INGV impegnate nel monitoraggio dell’area vulcanica campana nel secondo semestre 2021.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Dipartimento della Protezione Civile
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 4V. Processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e sorveglianza
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei ; Vesuvio ; Ischia ; Volcano Monitoring ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2024-04-23
    Description: Nel mese di maggio 2022 è iniziato uno sciame sismico, di breve durata, che ha interessato una piccola area del Chianti fiorentino a circa 15 km a sud dalla città di Firenze. I due terremoti più energetici hanno avuto una magnitudo momento pari a 3.7; nonostante la magnitudo modesta, tali eventi sono stati avvertiti distintamente fino a distanze di diverse decine di chilometri, e hanno destato preoccupazione nella popolazione prossima all’area epicentrale. Inoltre, dato l’ingente patrimonio artistico presente nel capoluogo toscano, questo episodio ha sollevato interrogativi sulla sua vulnerabilità anche a scuotimenti del suolo di piccola entità. Al fine di migliorare le conoscenze sulla ubicazione e le dimensioni delle strutture sismogenetiche attive in prossimità di Firenze, l’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) è intervenuto nell’area interessata dallo sciame attraverso il Gruppo Operativo (GO) di emergenza SISMIKO. Il 4 maggio, giorno successivo all’inizio dello sciame, cinque stazioni sismiche mobili sono state installate a distanza ravvicinata dall’area epicentrale, e integrate nel sistema di monitoraggio permanente INGV. Questo lavoro descrive le procedure relative a: (i) l’installazione, la manutenzione e la disinstallazione della rete sismica mobile; (ii) la gestione e il controllo di qualità dei dati acquisiti. Infine, vengono presentate, in riferimento al contesto sismotettonico dell’area, le caratteristiche spaziali e l’evoluzione temporale dello sciame, che ha presentato una piccola ripresa nell’attività sismica ad agosto del 2022, con un terremoto di magnitudo locale 2.7 e successive repliche.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-26
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Sciame sismico ; Reti sismiche di pronto intervento ; Chianti fiorentino ; Seismic swarm ; Rapid response seismic networks ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2024-04-23
    Description: The National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia), is an italian public research institute established in 1999. Since its inception, the mission of INGV included seismic surveillance and earthquake monitoring in Italy. INGV is part of the Civil Defence system (Margheriti et al., 2021). INGV has offices in different parts of Italy and operates the Italian National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale—RSN; INGV Seismological Data Centre, 2006) and other networks at national scale (Michelini et al., 2017). INGV also operates a temporary seismic network infrastructure, a pool of instruments used to densify seismic networks for scientific experiments or in response to damaging earthquakes and to increase monitoring capabilities during seismic sequences. SISMIKO is the operational task force of INGV whose core purpose is to rapidly deploy temporary seismic stations in response to moderate—large magnitude earthquakes or in areas where a seismic sequence is causing concerns and/or scientific interest (Moretti et al., 2016). By reducing the spatial distance between the seismic stations, temporary deployments can improve the RSN detection capability and the accuracy of the earthquake locations. SISMIKO was established in 2015 by Lucia Margheriti and Milena Moretti, so they became responsible for INGV emergency deployments of the temporary networks. SISMIKO involves INGV technicians and researchers from all over Italy, from Milano to Catania (see acknowledgments), grouped together by common interest technical and scientific issues. SISMIKO coordinates all INGV groups working on seismic emergencies (Figure 1). The data acquired by the SISMIKO temporary networks, are made available to the scientific community, without any restrictions, via italian node of the European Integrated Data Archive portal (EIDA1; Danecek et al., 2021). Datasets are archived in near real-time in the “Standard for the Exchange of Earthquake Data (SEED)” format and have an associated Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The data are used for monitoring, surveillance and for scientific research. Since its establishment, SISMIKO has installed seven temporary seismic networks, including the one used to monitor the 2016–2018 seismic sequence in central Italy (Moretti et al., 2016). The most recent activations of SISMIKO were in May and November 2022: Chianti-Fiorentino (Piccinini et al., 2022; 2023) and North Marche coast (D’Alema et al., 2022b), respectively. The following section briefly describes the history of the INGV emergency mobile network.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1146579
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: SISMIKO ; Seismic emergency ; Temporary seismic network ; Real time transmission ; Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2023-11-20
    Description: The study aims to analyse the vibrations induced by traffic on the Villa Farnesina in Rome. The ancient building was designed and erected by the architect Baldassarre Peruzzi and the walls, vaults and lodges were decorated with frescoes attributable to Raphael and other relevant Italian Renaissance painters. Villa Farnesina is located near the Lungotevere road, therefore it suffers the dangerous effects due to the urban traffic even with heavy vehicles passing, so much so that in the early seventies an anti-vibration paving was built. A six-month geophysical monitoring made it possible to analyse the propagation of the waves on the building, characterizing the vibration due to the current traffic level. The results show the vibration levels recorded on the different floors of the building.
    Description: Published
    Description: International Conference on Metrology for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage (MetroArchaeo 2021) 20-22 October 2021, Milan, Italy
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Keywords: Cultural Heritage ; Traffic-induced vibrations ; Villa Farnesina ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 05.06. Methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2023-10-25
    Description: Abstract: Muon radiography is a technique based on the measurement of absorption profiles of muons as they pass through matter. This measurement allows to obtain an image of the inner structure of large volume objects and is suitable to be applied in several fields, such as volcanology, archaeology and civil engeneering. One of the main applications concerns the study of volcanic structures; indeed it is possible to use this technique to measure the mass distribution inside the edifice of a volcano providing useful information to better understand the possible eruption mechanisms. The MURAVES (MUon RAdiography of VESuvius) project aims to the study of the summital cone of Mt. Vesuvius near Naples in Italy, one of the most dangerous active volcanoes in the world. The MURAVES apparatus is a modular, robust muon hodoscope system with a low power consumption, optimized to be used in inhospitable environments like the surroundings of volcanoes. The complete detection system is an array of identical tracking modules, each with an area of 1 m2 , based on the use of plasic scintillators. The technologies, the status and the data analysis strategy of the experiment will be presented in this paper.
    Description: Published
    Description: C03014
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Muography, Vesuvius ; Interaction of radiation with matter ; Scintillators and scintillating fibres and light guides ; Detector cooling and thermo-stabilization ; Simulation methods and programs ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2023-11-14
    Description: The Orfeus European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA) provides a federated approach to the dissemination of seismological waveform data and ensures access to 12 regional seismological data centers—the EIDA nodes. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is one of the founding partners of this EIDA federation and manages the EIDA data distribution node in Italy. INGV has actively managed the smaller MedNet archive since 1990 and adopted a more comprehensive and systematic approach to seismological data archiving since 2007. The Italian EIDA node data archive currently totals 90 TBytes of waveform data available for download, originating from 25 networks and 974 stations, provided by INGV, MedNet, or contributed by various partner institutions. Geographically, it covers mainly Italy and some stations from the Mediterranean region. The archive is currently growing at a rate of approximately 11 TB/yr. INGV recently strengthened its data management capabilities, resources, and infrastructure to effectively respond to the growing scale of station inventory, archive, and volumes of delivered data, and to acknowledge increasing attention toward open data sharing, appropriate attribution, and FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse), as well as higher demands on data quality and expectations of the scientific user community. To this end, it established a dedicated internal unit in charge of all relevant activities related to the Italian EIDA node. In this article, we address key aspects of the EIDA node in Italy such as evolution and status of the seismological waveform archive, and we describe the technical, organizational, and operational setup of data and service management. We also outline ongoing activities and future evolutions aiming to further increase the quality of services, data availability, data and metadata quality, resilience, and sustainability.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1726–1737
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: European Integrated Data Archive ; earthquakes ; Data bases ; seismic networks ; Real time Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2023-10-13
    Description: A field-integrated methodology using 3D ultrasonic tomography supported by close range photogrammetry (CRP) has been developed and evaluated as a tool to detect the presence and patterns of decay forms in a living adult holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) in an urban green area.
    Description: A field-integrated methodology using 3D ultrasonic tomography supported by close range photogrammetry (CRP) has been developed and evaluated as a tool to detect the presence and patterns of decay forms in a living adult holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) in an urban green area of the city of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy. Close range photogrammetry was used to compute a high resolution 3D model of the studied tree, texturized with natural colors. Moreover, following the implemented workflow process it was possible to evaluate the deformation pattern of the studied tree over time. In a second step of our integrated approach, and in order to diagnose the state of health of the inner part of the studied tree in a non-invasive way, laboratory and in situ non-invasive ultrasonic techniques were applied. The results of the close range photogrammetry analysis supported the optimal design of the 3D ultrasonic tomography of the living adult holm oak. Ultrasonic tomography is one of the most powerful non-destructive testing techniques for the full-volume inspection of a structure. It produced physical information on the inner structure of the stem of the investigated tree. The results of the study show that the integrated application of close range photogrammetry and 3D ultrasonic tomography is a powerful tool for a highly accurate and objective evaluation of the external and internal decay of trees and for monitoring their conservation states. With the fully integrated approach, the diagnostic process aimed to prevent instability and the failure of trees can be greatly improved.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1199
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: wood decay ; close range photogrammetry ; 3D ultrasonic tomography ; risk failure ; holm oak ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; Monitoring of trees
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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