ALBERT

Anmerkung: Ersch. unregelmäßig , Beiträge teilweise in Englisch

Anmerkung: Particle Drifts and the First Adiabatic InvariantParticle Trapping, Drift Shells and the Second Adiabatic Invariant -- Periodic Drift Motion and the Third Adiabatic Invariant -- Trapped Particle Distributions and Flux Mapping -- Violation of the Adiabatic Invariants and Trapped Particle Diffusion -- Introduction to Plasma Physics..

Anmerkung: Front Cover; Contents; Preface; 1. What's Vis, and Why Do It?; 2. What: Data Abstraction; 3. Why: Task Abstraction; 4. Analysis: Four Levels for Validation; 5. Marks and Channels; 6. Rules of Thumb; 7. Arrange Tables; 8. Arrange Spatial Data; 9. Arrange Networks and Trees; 10. Map Color and Other Channels; 11. Manipulate View; 12. Facet into Multiple Views; 13. Reduce Items and Attributes; 14. Embed: Focus+Context; 15. Analysis Case Studies; Figure Credits; Bibliography.

Anmerkung: IntroductionThe random universe -- Six degrees of separation -- Small worlds -- Hubs and connectors -- The 80/20 rule -- Rich get richer -- Einstein's legacy -- Achilles' heel -- Viruses and fads -- The awakening Internet -- The fragmented web -- The map of life -- Network economy -- Web without a spider -- Afterlink: Hierarchies and communities..

Anmerkung: Vorwort zur 6. Auflage; Vorwort zur 5. Auflage; Vorwort zur 3. Auflage; Inhaltsverzeichnis; 1 Entwicklungsstufen der Wasserkraftnutzung; 1.1 Ansätze der Wasserkraftnutzung; 1.2 Wasserradgetriebene Schöpfwerke und Mühlen; 1.3 Übergang vom Wasserrad zur Wasserturbine; 1.4 Fernübertragung elektrischer Energie; 1.5 Wasserkraftanlagen und ihre Umgebung; 1.6 Mehrzweckaufgaben der Wasserkraft; 1.7 Wasserkraftnutzung im Spiegelbild der Energieträger ; 1.7.1 Nutzung von fossilen Energieträgern und Kernbrennstoffen; 1.7.2 Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien. , 1.7.3 Kriterien der Energieversorgung und Vergleich der Energieerzeugungsformen1.7.4 Künftige Entwicklung der Wasserkraftnutzung ; 1.8 Literatur; 2 Grundlagen der Wasserkraftnutzung; 2.1 Energie des Wassers; 2.1.1 Energie des ruhenden Wassers; 2.1.2 Energie des fließenden Wassers; 2.1.3 Nutzbare Gesamtenergie des fließenden Wassers; 2.1.4 Potenziale zur Wasserkraftnutzung; 2.1.5 Potenzielle Energie eines Speichervolumens; 2.2 Verfügbares und genutztes Wasserkraftpotenzial ; 2.2.1 Wasserkraftpotenzial weltweit; 2.2.2 Wasserkraftpotenzial in Deutschland; 2.3 Literatur. , 3 Grundsätze der Planung und Projektierung3.1 Planungsprozess, Projektentwicklung und Projektbewertung ; 3.1.1 Projektphasen; 3.1.2 Besondere Aspekte bei Reaktivierung, Modernisierung und Erweiterung; 3.1.3 Projektentwicklung im Rahmen von Finanzierungsmodellen; 3.1.4 Bewertungsaufgaben bei verschiedenartigen Vorhabensanlässen; 3.1.5 Risikoanalyse für Wasserkraftanlagen; 3.2 Grundlagen für Auswahl und Weiterentwicklung von Wasserkraftstandorten; 3.2.1 Wassermengenwirtschaftliche Erhebungen; 3.2.2 Energiewirtschaftliche Erhebungen; 3.2.3 Ausbaugrad. , 3.3 Beurteilung von Wasserkraftanlagenprojekten3.3.1 Betriebswirtschaftliche Betrachtung; 3.3.2 Gesamtwirtschaftliche und gesamtgesellschaftliche Betrachtung; 3.3.3 Ansatz für eine systematische Beurteilung von Wasserkraftanlagenprojekten; 3.4 Gesetzliche Vorgaben für Bau und Betrieb von Wasserkraftanlagen ; 3.4.1 Rechts- und Normhierarchie; 3.4.2 Wesentliche Rechtsnormen für die Wasserkraft; 3.5 Versicherung von Wasserkraftanlagen; 3.6 Literatur; 4 Typen von Wasserkraftanlagen; 4.1 Klassifizierung der Wasserkraftanlagen; 4.2 Einteilung von Wasserkraftanlagen hinsichtlich der Nutzfallhöhe. , 4.2.1 Laufwasserkraftwerke als Niederdruckkraftwerke4.2.2 Mitteldruckkraftwerke; 4.2.3 Hochdruckkraftwerke; 4.3 Weitere bedeutende Wasserkraftanlagengruppen; 4.3.1 Pumpspeicherkraftwerke als Regelungskraftwerke; 4.3.2 Kleinwasserkraftanlagen; 4.3.3 Dotationskraftwerke; 4.3.4 Energienutzung in Leitungssystemen; 4.4 Sonderformen der Wasserkraftnutzung ; 4.4.1 Meeresenergienutzung; 4.4.2 Depressionskraftwerke; 4.4.3 Gletscherkraftwerke; 4.4.4 Wasserkraftanlagen mit unterirdischen Speichersystemen; 4.5 Literatur; 5 Wasserfassung; 5.1 Anordnung, Bauweise und Bemessung des Einlaufbauwerkes. , 5.1.1 Kraftwerke im Fließgewässer.

Anmerkung: GrainsChapter 1: Quartz and silica - Monocrystalline - Polycrystalline -- Chapter 2: Feldspars - Plagioclase - Potassium feldspars -- Chapter 3: Rock fragments - Sedimentary rock fragments - Metamorphic rock fragments - Igneous rock fragments -- Chapter 4: Accessory minerals - Light minerals: Muscovite - Biotite - Chlorite ; Ultrastable heavy minerals: Zircon, tourmaline and rutile ; Intermediate-stability heavy minerals: Apatite - Epidote - Zoisite and clinozoisite - Garnet - Kyanite - Monzonite, sillimanite and staurolite - Titanite ; Unstable heavy minerals: Amphibole, pyroxene and olivine ; Opaque minerals -- Chapter 5: Associated detrital grains and rocks: Carbonate grains - Siliceous grains and rocks - Phosphatic grains and rocks - Organic grains and rocks - Evaporite grains and rocks - Green marine clays and rocks - Green marine clays and ironstones - Iron-rich grains and iron formations - Tuffaceous deposits.. , Texture and ClassificationChapter 6: Sand and sandstone textures -- Chapter 7: Sandstone classification.. , MudrocksChapter 8: Siltstones, mudstones, claystones and shales.. , DiagenesisChapter 9: Synsedimentary and surficial diagenetic features -- Chapter 10: Compaction -- Chapter 11: Cementation - Introduction / Quartz and silica - Quartz overgrowths - Polycrystalline quartz cements - Amorphous silica cements -- Chapter 12: Cementation - Feldspars -- Chapter 13: Cementation - Clays - Chamosite - Glauconite - Kaolinite/dickite - Smectite and illite/smectite - Illite/sericite - Chlorite -- Chapter 14: Cementation - Zeolites -- Chapter 15: Cementation - Carbonates - Calcite - Siderite - Dolomite - Ankerite -- Chapter 16: Cementaton - Sulfates and halides - Gypsum - Anhydrite - Barite - Celestite and halite -- Chapter 17: Cementation - Iron oxides and sulfides -- Chapter 18: Cementation - Other cements -- Chapter 19: Dissolution -- Chapter 20: Replacement and recrystallization - Feldspars - Carbonates - Sulfates - Other -- Chapter 21: Deformation features.. , Other topicsChapter 22: Porosity -- Chapter 23: Paragenesis -- Chapter 24: Emerging techniques..

Anmerkung: Contents 1 Introduction 2 Basic theory of quantitative remote sensing 3 Radiometric calibration in thermal infrared 4. Retrieval of land surface emissivity from remotely sensed data 5. Land surface temperature retrieval from thermal infrared data 6. Estimation and validation of evapotranspiration from thermal infrared remote sensing data 7. Application of thermal remote sensing in agriculture drought monitoring and thermal anomaly detection 8. Future development and perspectives Index.

Anmerkung: The Application of IR Spectroscopy to the Investigation of MineralsThe Discrete Approach -- The Full-Profile Analysis -- Polymerization of coordination polyhedra and structure topology -- Hydrogen-bearing groups and hydrogen bonding -- Solid-solution series -- Force parameters of cations in silicates -- IR spectra of minerals and reference samples data -- Borates, including sulfato-borates and arsenato-borates -- Carbides and carbonates -- Organic compounds and salts of organic acids -- Ammino-complexes, nitrates and sulfato-nitrates -- Oxides and hydroxides -- Fluorides -- Silicates -- Phosphates -- Sulfates, carbonato-sulfates, phosphato-sulfates and sulfides -- Chlorides -- Vanadates and vanadium oxides -- Chromates -- Arsenates, arsenites and sulfato-arsenates -- Selenites, molybdates, tellurites, tellurates, iodites, wolframates and wolfram oxides..

Anmerkung: 1. Experiment, Scheitern und Resilienz 2. Georg Simmel und die Beobachtung der Natur 3. Objektive Kultur und die Entwicklung des Nichtwissens 4. Kollektive Experimente in Natur und Gesellschaft 5. Unberechenbare Umwelt 6. Landschaftsdesign als experimenteller Lehrpfad: die Entwicklung postindustrieller Regionen 7. Vor der Hacke bleibt es duster: experimentelles Nichtwissen und die Sanierung kontaminierter Landschaften 8. Reise zur Hitze der Erde: Geothermie und nachhaltige Energiegewinnung Zu viel Resilienz Hindernisse auf dem Weg in die experimentelle Gesellschaft Literatur NachweiseBackmatter..

Anmerkung: Inhalt --- Geodätisches Institut auf dem Potsdamer Telegrafenberg --- Standardbasis Potsdam von 1931 --- Voglersches Schiebekathetometer und eine "fast vergessene" Messtrecke --- Denkmal für einen Pionier der Geodäsie - Joahnn Jacob Baeyer --- Grabstätte Frierich Robert Helmert --- Grabstätte Friedrich Gustav Gauß --- Soldnersystem Müggelberg - ein vermessungstechnisches Denkmal? --- Denkmal Trigonometrischer Punkt I. Ordnung Rauenberg --- Aussichtsturm auf dem Götzer Berg --- Denkmal Preußischer Normal-Höhenpunkt 1879 --- Normalhöhenpunkt 1912 in Hoppegarten --- Landeshaupthöhenpunkt in Berlin --- Satellitenbeobachtungsstation auf den Großen Ravensberg, Potsdam --- Baudenkmal Geodätenstand Berlin --- Historische Landesgrenzsteine Brandenburg - Sachsen --- Geographische Mittelpunkte --- Meilensteine als Denkmale der Vermessungsgeschichte

Anmerkung: Dissertation

Anmerkung: Cover; Copyright; Praise; Introduction; Contents; Section 1: THINK IT; The First Thing to Do When You Find Yourself in a Hole: Stop Digging; Stay Positive; Never Lose Faith; Seven Career Lessons I Learned from Selling Ginsu Knives; A Turning Point; Stop. Breathe. Think. Then Act.; Overcoming Inertia; Overcoming Fear; Keep Swimming; Section 2: DO IT; What Is a Resume?; What Are Managers Looking For?; Dirty Little Resume Secrets; The T-Bomb; Current Experience; What You Do Is More Important than What You're Called; The Top Ten Mistakes Professionals Make When Looking for Work. , Resumes: A SummaryCover Your Letter; Following Up; Getting Interviews; Be Proactive; Be Visible; Social Networking; Four Critical Steps to Getting a Job Offer; Send Out Ships; Gold Calling; Section 3: HAVE IT; Creating the Path; Recession-Proof Your Career; Creating a PR Campaign; Taking the Initiative; Increase Your Ability to Find Work; Advancing Your Career through Personal Branding; Advancing Your Career through Progressive Information Disclosure; Honing Your Workplace Negotiation Skills; The Sky's the Limit; What Are You Waiting For?; About Making Money; Creating the Life You Want. , Recommended ReadingAbout the Author.

Anmerkung: Cover; Half title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Preface; 1 Introduction; 2 Intraplate earthquakes in Australia; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Two centuries of earthquake observations in Australia; 2.2.1 Mechanism, geographic distribution, and strain rate; 2.2.2 Seismogenic depth; 2.2.3 Attenuation and scaling relations; 2.3 A long-term landscape record of large (morphogenic) earthquakes; 2.3.1 Variation in fault scarp length and vertical displacement; 2.3.2 The influence of crustal type and character on seismic activity rates; 2.4 Patterns in earthquake occurrence. , 2.5 Maximum magnitude earthquake2.5.1 Scarp length as a proxy for paleo-earthquake magnitude; 2.6 Implications for SCR analogue studies: factors important in earthquake localisation; 2.6.1 Mechanical and thermal influences; 2.6.2 Structural architectural influences; 2.7 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; 3 Intraplate seismicity in Brazil; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Earthquake catalogue; 3.3 Seismicity map; 3.4 Seismotectonic correlations; 3.4.1 Lower seismicity in Precambrian cratonic provinces; 3.4.2 Intraplate seismicity and cratonic roots; 3.4.3 Passive margin seismicity. , 3.4.4 Influence of neotectonic faults3.4.5 Flexural stresses; 3.5 Discussion and conclusions; Acknowledgments; 4 Earthquakes and geological structures of the St. Lawrence Rift System; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Historical earthquakes and their impact; 4.3 Seismic zones of the SLRS; 4.3.1 Charlevoix; 4.3.2 Lower St. Lawrence; 4.3.3 Western Quebec; 4.3.4 Background seismicity; 4.4 The St. Lawrence Rift System; 4.5 The rift hypothesis and the SLRS: discussion and conclusions; Acknowledgments; 5 Intraplate earthquakes in North China; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Tectonic background; 5.2.1 Geological history. , 5.2.2 Lithospheric structure5.2.3 Major seismogenic faults; 5.3 Active tectonics and crustal kinematics; 5.4 Strain rates and seismicity; 5.5 Seismicity; 5.5.1 Paleoseismicity; 5.5.2 Large historic events; 1303 Hongdong earthquake (M 8.0); 1556 Huaxian earthquake (M 8.3); 1668 Tancheng earthquake (M 8.5); 1679 Sanhe earthquake (M 8.0); 1695 Linfen earthquake (M 7.5-8.0); 5.5.3 Large instrumentally recorded earthquake; The 1966 Xingtai earthquake (Ms 7.2); The 1975 Haicheng earthquake (Ms 7.3); The 1976 Tangshan earthquake (Ms 7.8); 5.6 Spatiotemporal patterns of large earthquakes. , 5.6.1 Long-distance roaming of large earthquakes5.6.2 Fault coupling and interaction; 5.6.3 A conceptual model for mid-continental earthquakes; 5.7 Implications for earthquake hazards; Acknowledgements; 6 Seismogenesis of earthquakes occurring in the ancient rift basin of Kachchh, Western India; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Tectonic framework, structure, and tectonic evolution of Kachchh Rift basin; 6.2.1 Structure and tectonics; 6.2.2 Tectono-volcanic events; 6.2.3 Tectonic evolution and existing earthquake generation models of the Kachchh Rift zone. , 6.2.4 Identification of magmatic intrusive bodies.

Anmerkung: Introduction -- Geodetic Data Collection Techniques -- Geodetic datum and Geodetic Control Network -- Geoid and Height System -- Reference Ellipsoid and Geodetic Coordinate System -- Gauss and UTM Conformal Projection and Plane Rectangular Coordinate System -- Establishment of Geodetic Coordinate System

Anmerkung: Beiträge teilweise in deutscher, teilweise in englischer Sprache

Anmerkung: 1. Introduction; 2. Observations and data reduction; 3. Tidal forces; 4. Tidal analysis and prediction; 5. Tidal dynamics; 6. Shallow water and coastal tides; 7. Storm surges, meteotsunamis and other meteorological effects on sea level; 8. Tsunamis; 9. Sea-level changes in space; 10. Mean sea-level changes in time; 11. Sea-level changes in time to do with the solid Earth; 12. Sea-level applications; 13. Sea level and life; Appendix A. The basic hydrostatic and hydrodynamic equations; Appendix B. Currents; Appendix C. High and low water times and heights; Appendix D. Theoretical tidal dynamics; Appendix E. Legal definitions in the coastal zone; Glossary; References; Index..

Anmerkung: Earthquakes and fault motion. pp. 1-21. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.002 --- Processing and analysis of recorded seismic signals. pp. 22-40. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.003 --- Mathematical representation of the source. pp. 41-62. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.004 --- Point source models. pp. 63-89. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.005 --- The seismic moment tensor. pp. 90-107. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.006 --- Determination of point source mechanisms. pp. 108-134. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.007 --- Kinematics of extended sources. pp. 135-162. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.008 --- Determination of source dimensions. pp. 163-188. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.009 --- Simple dynamic models. pp. 189-204. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.010 --- Dynamics of fracture. Homogeneous models. pp. 205-231. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.011 --- Fracture dynamics. Heterogeneous models. pp. 232-258. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.012 --- Modeling earthquakes using fracture dynamics. pp. 259-283. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139628792.013

Anmerkung: Deducing typesauto -- Moving to Modern C++ -- Smart pointers -- Rvalue references, move semantics, and perfect forwarding -- Lambda expressions -- The concurrency API -- Tweaks..

Anmerkung: TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Advances in 40Ar/39Ar dating: from archaeology to planetary sciences – introduction / Fred Jourdan, Darren F. Mark and Chrystele Verati / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 1-8, 16 January 2014, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.24 Perspectives on 40Ar/39Ar dating / Ian McDougall / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 9-20, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.20 Methodological developments Some footnotes to the optimization-based calibration of the 40Ar/39Ar system / Paul R. Renne / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 21-31, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.17 Neutron-induced 37Ar recoil ejection in Ca-rich minerals and implications for 40Ar/39Ar dating / F. Jourdan and P. R. Renne / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 33-52, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.15 Direct measurement of recoil effects on 40Ar/39Ar standards / Chris M. Hall / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 53-62, 13 March 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.7 FCs-EK: a new sampling of the Fish Canyon Tuff 40Ar/39Ar neutron flux monitor / L. E. Morgan, D. F. Mark, J. Imlach, D. Barfod and R. Dymock / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 63-67, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.21 Petrology and geochronology of ‘muscovite age standard’ B4M / Alexandra R. Heri, Martin Robyr and Igor M. Villa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 69-78, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.2 Argon extraction from geological samples by CO2 scanning laser step-heating / D. N. Barfod, D. F. Mark, A. Tait, R. C. Dymock and J. Imlach / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 79-90, 24 October 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.23 The multi-diffusion domain model: past, present and future / T. Mark Harrison and Oscar M. Lovera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 91-106, 13 March 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.9 Diffusion of Ar in K-feldspar: Present and absent / Igor M. Villa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 107-116, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.4 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and the diffusion of 39Ar in phengite–muscovite intergrowths during step-heating experiments in vacuo / Marnie A. Forster and Gordon S. Lister / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 117-135, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.16 Ar diffusion and solubility measurements in plagioclases using the ultra-violet laser depth-profiling technique / Jo-Anne Wartho, Simon P. Kelley and Stephen C. Elphick / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 137-154, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.13 Modelling effect of sericitization of plagioclase on the 40K/40Ar and 40Ar/39Ar chronometers: implication for dating basaltic rocks and mineral deposits / Chrystèle Verati and Fred Jourdan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 155-174, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.14 The other isotopes: research avenues based on 36Ar, 37Ar and 38Ar / Grenville Turner and Ray Burgess / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 175-188, 13 March 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.8 Applications: Tectonics 40Ar/39Ar Thermochronology on Central China Orogen: Cooling, uplift and implications for orogeny dynamics / Fei Wang, Rixiang Zhu, Quanlin Hou, Dewen Zheng, Liekun Yang, Lin Wu, Wenbei Shi, Huile Feng, Haiqing Sang, Hongyuan Zhang and Qing Liu / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 189-206, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.3 40Ar/39Ar ages of crystallization and recrystallization of rock-forming polyhalite in Alpine rocksalt deposits / C. Leitner, F. Neubauer, J. Genser, S. Borojević-Šoštarić and G. Rantitsch / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 207-224, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.5 Persistent long-term (c. 24 Ma) exhumation in the Eastern Alaska Range constrained by stacked thermochronology / Jeff A. Benowitz, Paul W. Layer and Sam Vanlaningham / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 225-243, 20 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.12 40Ar/39Ar hornblende provenance clues about Heinrich event 3 (H3) / Greg E. Downing, Sidney R. Hemming, Anne Jost and Martin Roy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 245-263, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.18 Observation of centimetre-scale argon diffusion in alkali feldspars: implications for 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology / Stephanie Flude, Alison M. Halton, Simon P. Kelley, Sarah C. Sherlock, James Schwanethal and Camilla M. Wilkinson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 265-275, 10 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.25 Applications: Volcanology 40Ar/39Ar age constraints on the Haifanggou and Lanqi formations: When did the first flowers bloom? / Su-Chin Chang, Haichun Zhang, Sidney R. Hemming, Gary T. Mesko and Yan Fang / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 277-284, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.1 Timing of geothermal activity in an active island-arc volcanic setting: First 40Ar/39Ar dating from Bouillante geothermal field (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) / C. Verati, P. Patrier-Mas, J. M. Lardeaux and V. Bouchot / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 285-295, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.19 Applications: Planetary sciences Issues in dating young rocks from another planet: Martian shergottites / Jisun Park, Donald D. Bogard, Laurence E. Nyquist and G. F. Herzog / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 297-316, 20 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.10 A laser probe 40Ar/39Ar investigation of poikilitic shergottite NWA 4797: implications for the timing of shock metamorphism / Erin L. Walton, Simon Kelley, Christopher D. K. Herd and Anthony J. Irving / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 317-332, 20 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.11 40Ar/39Ar ages of impacts involving ordinary chondrite meteorites / Timothy D. Swindle, D. A. Kring and J. R. Weirich / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 333-347, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.6 A high-precision 40Ar/39Ar age for hydrated impact glass from the Dellen impact, Sweden / D. F. Mark, P. Lindgren and A. E. Fallick / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 349-366, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.22

Anmerkung: Contents: Preface. - 1 Introduction and datatypes. - 1.1 Why ordination?. - 1.2 Datatypes. - 1.3 Data transformation and standardisation. - 1.4 Missing values. - 1.5 Types of analyses. - 2 Using Canoco 5. - 2.1 Philosophy of Canoco 5. - 2.2 Data import and editing. - 2.3 Defining analyses. - 2.4 Visualising results. - 2.5 Beware, CANOCO 4.x users!. - 3 Experimental design. - 3.1 Completely randomised design. - 3.2 Randomised complete blocks. - 3.3 Latin square design. - 3.4 Pseudo replicates. - 3.5 Combining more than one factor. - 3.6 Following the development of objects in time: repeated observations. - 3.7 Experimental and observational data. - 4 Basics of gradient analysis. - 4.1 Techniques of gradient analysis. - 4.2 Models of response to gradients. - 4.3 Estimating species optima by weighted averaging. - 4.4 Calibration. - 4.5 Unconstrained ordination. - 4.6 Constrained ordination. - 4.7 Basic ordination techniques. - 4.8 Ordination axes as optimal predictors. - 4.9 Ordination diagrams. - 4.10 Two approaches. - 4.11 Testing significance of the relation with explanatory variables. - 4.12 Monte Carlo permutation tests for the significance of regression. - 4.13 Relating two biotic communities. - 4.14 Community composition as a cause: using reverse analysis. - 5.1 Permutation tests: the philosophy. - 5.2 Pseudo-F statistics and significance. - 5.3 Testing individual constrained axes. - 5.4 Tests with spatial or temporal constraints. - 5.5 Tests with hierarchical constraints. - 5.6 Simple versus conditional effects and stepwises election. - 5.7 Variation partitioning. - 5.8 Significance adjustment for multiple tests. - 6 Similarity measures and distance-based methods. - 6.1 Similarity measures for presence-absence data. - 6.2 Similarity measures for quantitative data. - 6.3 Similarity of cases versus similarity of communities. - 6.4 Similarity between species in trait values. - 6.5 Principal coordinates analysis. - 6.6 Constrained principal coordinates analysis (db-RDA). - 6.7 Non-metric multidimensional scaling. - 6.8 Mantel test. - 7.1 Example data set properties. - 7.2 Non-hierarchical classification (K-means clustering). - 7.3 Hierarchical classification. - 7.4 TWINSPAN. - 8 Regression methods. - 8.1 Regression models in general. - 8.2 General linear model: terms. - 8.3 Generalized linear models (GLM). - 8.4 Loess smoother. - 8.5 Generalized additive models (GAM). - 8.6 Mixed-effect models (LMM, GLMM and GAMM). - 8.7 Classification and regression trees (CART). - 8.8 Modelling species response curves with Canoco. - 9 Interpreting community composition with functional traits. - 9.1 Required data. - 9.2 Two approaches in traits - environment studies. - 9.3 Community-based approach. - 9.4 Species-based approach. - 10 Advanced use of ordination. - 10.1 Principal response curves (PRC). - 10.2 Separating spatial variation. - 10.3 Linear discriminant analysis. - 10.4 Hierarchical analysis of community variation. - 10.5 Partitioning diversity indices into alpha and beta components. - 10.6 Predicting community composition. - 11 Visualising multivariate data. - 11.1 Reading ordination diagrams of linear methods. - 11.2 Reading ordination diagrams of unimodal methods. - 11.3 Attribute plots. - 11.4 Visualising classification, groups, and sequences. - 11.5 T-value biplot. - 12 Case study 1: Variation in forest bird assemblages. - 12.1 Unconstrained ordination: portraying variation in bird community. - 12.2 Simple constrained ordination: the effect of altitude on bird community. - 12.3 Partial constrained ordination: additional effect of other habitat characteristics. - 12.4 Separating and testing alpha and beta diversity. - 13 Case study 2: Search for community composition patterns and their environmental correlates: vegetation of spring meadows. - 13.1 Unconstrained ordination. - 13.2 Constrained ordination. - 13.3 Classification. - 13.4 Suggestions for additional analyses. - 13.5 Comparing two communities. - 14 Case study 3: Separating the effects of explanatory variables. - 14.1 Introduction. - 14.2 Data. - 14.3 Changes in species richness and composition. - 14.4 Changes in species traits. - 15 Case study 4: Evaluation of experiments in randomised complete blocks. - 15.1 Introduction. - 15.2 Data. - 15.3 Analysis. - 15.4 Calculating ANOVA using constrained ordination. - 16 Case study 5: Analysis of repeated observations of species composition from a factorial experiment. - 16.1 Introduction. - 16.2 Experimental design. - 16.3 Data coding and use. - 16.4 Univariate analyses. - 16.5 Constrained ordinations. - 16.6 Principal response curves. - 16.7 Temporal changes across treatments. - 16.8 Changes in composition of functional traits. - 17 Case study 6: Hierarchical analysis of crayfish community variation. - 17.1 Data and design. - 17.2 Differences among sampling locations. - 17.3 Hierarchical decomposition of community variation. - 18 Case study 7: Analysis of taxonomic data with discriminant analysis and distance-based ordination. - 18.1 Data. - 18.2 Summarising morphological data with PCA. - 18.3 Linear discriminant analysis of morphological data. - 18.4 Principal coordinates analysis of AFLP data. - 18.5 Testing taxon differences in AFLP data using db-RDA. - 18.6 Taking populations into account. - 19 Case study 8: Separating effects of space and environment on oribatid community with PCNM. - 19.1 Ignoring the space. - 19.2 Detecting spatial trends. - 19.3 All-scale spatial variation of community and environment. - 19.4 Variation partitioning with spatial predictors. - 19.5 Visualising spatial variation. - 20 Case study 9: Performing linear regression with redundancy analysis. - 20.1 Data. - 20.2 Linear regression using program R. - 20.3 Linear regression with redundancy analysis. - 20.4 Fitting generalized linear models in Canoco. - Appendix A Glossary. - Appendix B Sample data sets and projects. - Appendix C Access to Canoco and overview of other software. - Appendix D Working with R. - References. - Index to useful tasks in Canoco 5. - Subject index.

Anmerkung: Vorwort; Inhaltsverzeichnis; 1 Einführung; 1.1 Grundlegende Begriffe; 1.2 Schutzziele; 1.3 Schwachstellen, Bedrohungen, Angriffe; 1.3.1 Bedrohungen; 1.3.2 Angriffs- undAngreifer-Typen; 1.3.3 Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen; 1.4 ComputerForensik; 1.5 Sicherheitsrichtlinie; 1.6 Sicherheitsinfrastruktur; 2 Spezielle Bedrohungen; 2.1 Einführung; 2.2 Buffer-Overflow; 2.2.1 Einführung; 2.2.2 Angriffe; 2.2.3 Gegenmaßnahmen; 2.3 Computerviren; 2.3.1 Eigenschaften; 2.3.2 Viren-Typen; 2.3.3 Gegenmaßnahmen; 2.4 Würmer; 2.5 Trojanisches Pferd; 2.5.1 Eigenschaften; 2.5.2 Gegenmaßnahmen; 2.6 Bot-Netze undSpam. , 2.6.1 Bot-Netze2.6.2 Spam; 2.7 MobilerCode; 2.7.1 Eigenschaften; 2.7.2 Sicherheitsbedrohungen; 2.7.3 Gegenmaßnahmen; 2.7.4 MobileApps; 3 Internet-(Un-)Sicherheit; 3.1 Einführung; 3.2 Internet-Protokollfamilie; 3.2.1 ISO/OSI-Referenzmodell; 3.2.2 DasTCP/IP-Referenzmodell; 3.2.3 Das Internet-Protokoll IP; 3.2.4 DasTransmissionControlProtokoll TCP; 3.2.5 DasUserDatagramProtocolUDP; 3.2.6 DHCP und NAT; 3.3 Sicherheitsprobleme; 3.3.1 Sicherheitsprobleme von IP; 3.3.2 Sicherheitsprobleme von ICMP; 3.3.3 Sicherheitsprobleme vonARP; 3.3.4 Sicherheitsprobleme vonUDPundTCP. , 3.4 Sicherheitsprobleme vonNetzdiensten3.4.1 DomainNameService (DNS); 3.4.2 NetworkFileSystem(NFS); 3.4.3 WeitereDienste; 3.5 Web-Anwendungen; 3.5.1 World Wide Web (WWW); 3.5.2 Sicherheitsprobleme; 3.5.3 OWASPTop-TenSicherheitsprobleme; 3.6 Analysetools undSystemhärtung; 4 Security Engineering; 4.1 Entwicklungsprozess; 4.1.1 AllgemeineKonstruktionsprinzipien; 4.1.2 Phasen; 4.1.3 BSI-Sicherheitsprozess; 4.2 Strukturanalyse; 4.3 Schutzbedarfsermittlung; 4.3.1 Schadensszenarien; 4.3.2 Schutzbedarf; 4.4 Bedrohungsanalyse; 4.4.1 Bedrohungsmatrix; 4.4.2 Bedrohungsbaum; 4.5 Risikoanalyse. , 4.5.1 Attributierung4.5.2 Penetrationstests; 4.6 Sicherheitsarchitektur und Betrieb; 4.6.1 Sicherheitsstrategie undSicherheitsmodell; 4.6.2 Systemarchitektur undValidierung; 4.6.3 Aufrechterhaltung im laufenden Betrieb; 4.7 Sicherheitsgrundfunktionen; 4.8 Realisierung der Grundfunktionen; 4.9 Security Development Lifecycle (SDL); 4.9.1 Die Entwicklungsphasen; 4.9.2 Bedrohungs- und Risikoanalyse; 5 Bewertungskriterien; 5.1 TCSEC-Kriterien; 5.1.1 Sicherheitsstufen; 5.1.2 Kritik am Orange Book; 5.2 IT-Kriterien; 5.2.1 Mechanismen; 5.2.2 Funktionsklassen; 5.2.3 Qualität; 5.3 ITSEC-Kriterien. , 5.3.1 Evaluationsstufen5.3.2 Qualität und Bewertung; 5.4 Common Criteria; 5.4.1 Überblick über dieCC; 5.4.2 CC-Funktionsklassen; 5.4.3 Schutzprofile; 5.4.4 Vertrauenswürdigkeitsklassen; 5.5 Zertifizierung; 6 Sicherheitsmodelle; 6.1 Modell-Klassifikation; 6.1.1 Objekte undSubjekte; 6.1.2 Zugriffsrechte; 6.1.3 Zugriffsbeschränkungen; 6.1.4 Sicherheitsstrategien; 6.2 Zugriffskontrollmodelle; 6.2.1 Zugriffsmatrix-Modell; 6.2.2 RollenbasierteModelle; 6.2.3 Chinese-Wall Modell; 6.2.4 Bell-LaPadula Modell; 6.3 Informationsflussmodelle; 6.3.1 Verbands-Modell; 6.4 Fazit undAusblick. , 7 Kryptografische Verfahren.

Anmerkung: Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. engl.

Anmerkung: Contents Part I: Mafic rocks Introduction: Magmatic deposits associated with mafic rocks / A. J. Naldrett Sulfide melts: crystallization temperatures, solubilities in silicate melts, and Fe, Ni, and Cu partitioning between basaltic magmas and olivine / A. J. Naldrett Vapor associated with mafic magma and controls on its composition / E. A. Mathez Geochemistry of platinum-group elements in mafic and ultramafic rocks / E. A. Mathez & C. L. Peach Komatite-associated nickel sulfide deposits / C.M. Lesher Ores associated with flood basalts / A. J. Naldrett Contamination and the origin of the sudbury structure and its ores / A. J. Naldrett Stratiform PGE deposits in layered intrusions / A. J. Naldrett Interactions involving fluids in the stillwater and bushveld complexes: observations from the rocks / E. A. Mathez Part II: Silicic rocks Introduction: Ore deposits associated with silicic rocks / J.A. Whitney Origin and evolution of silicic magmas / J.A. Whitney Magmatic ore-forming fluids: Thermodynamic and mass-transfer calculations of metal concentrations / P.A. Candela Felsic magmas, volatiles, and metallogenesis / P.A. Candela Granitoid textures, compositions, and volatile fugacities associated with the formation of Tungsten-dominated skarn deposits / J.D. Keith, W. van Middelaar, A. H. Clark, & C. J. Hodgson

Anmerkung: Table of Contents: Copyright; Additional copies. - Foreword and acknowledgements. - Chapter 1. Cosmochemistry of the Rare Earth Elements: Condensation and Evaporation Processes / by William V. Boynton. - Introduction. - Meteorites. - Astrophysical context for interpretation of cosmochemical data. - Solar nebula. - Solar abundances. - Cosmochemical properties of the REE. - REE condensation reactions. - Activity coefficients. - Partial pressures. - Solid / gas distribution coefficients. - Why are the REE volatilities so different?. - Calculated REE patterns. - Early condensates. - Removing REE in the gas. - Comparison with meteoritic data. - Ultra-refractory component. - Group II inclusions. - FUN inclusions. - REE condensation as a function of oxygen fugacity. - Rims on CAI. - What have we learned from the REE?. - High temperatures were achieved in the solar nebula. - A very efficient mechanism for gas/dust separation existed in the solar nebula. - The high nebular temperatures existed for a long time. - A very intense, very brief, heat source also existed. - The solar nebula was a chaotic environment. - Summary. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 2. Radiogenic Isotope Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements / by P. Jonathan Patchett. - Introduction. - Long-lived radioactive isotopes of Rare Earth Elements. - 138La-138Ce decay. - 147Sm-143Nd decay. - 176Lu-176Hf decay. - Cemical variations of La/Ce, Sm/Nd and Lu/Hf ratios. - Geochronological studies. - La-Ce and Lu-Hf chronology. - Sm-Nd chronology. - Defining bulk planetary isotopic evolution. - Isotopic study of planetary interiors. - The Moon. - The Earth. - Nd isotopes in studies of terrestrial crustal evolution. - Model Nd ages of continental crust. - Growth curves for the continental crust. - Origin of granitoids. - Nd isotopes and the sedimentary system. - Characterization of whole crustal terranes. - Crustal Lu-Hf isotopic studies. - Major unsolved problems. - Continental crustal growth curve. - Abundance of Archean continental crust. - Origin of mantle isotopic variations. - References. - Chapter 3. Partitioning of Rare Earth Elements between Major Silicate Minerals and Basaltic Melts / by Gordon A. McKay. - Introduction. - Usefulness of the REE for petrogenetic modelling. - Scope of this chapter. - Caveat. - How partition coefficients are measured. - Phenocryst/matrix studies of natural samples. - Experimental measurement of partition coefficients. - Basic experimental approach. - Equilibrium. - Percent level doping technique. - Beta-track mapping technique. - Other experimental approaches. - Henry's law: The applicability of percent-level doping results. - Factors governing mineral/melt partitioning. - Ionic size and charge of trace element. - Crystal field effects. - Cristallographic versus defect sites: The Henry's law question. - Phase compositions. - Oxidation state. - Thermodynamic relationships: Dependence of partitioning on temperature and composition. - Other predictive approaches. - Special applications. - Eu as an oxygen fugacity indicator. - Origin of the Eu anomaly in lunar mare basalts. - REE partition coefficient patterns for the major minerals. - Plagioclase. - Olivine. - Pyroxene. - Low-Ca pyroxene. - High-Ca pyroxene. - Garnet. - Future directions. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 4. An Approach to Trace Element Modeling Using a Simple Igneous System as an Example / by Gilbert N. Hanson. - Introduction. - Review of trace element equations. - Melting. - Fractional crystallization. - Melting versus fractional crystallization. - Essential structural constituents. - Example of petrogenetic approach. - Discussion and summary. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 5. Rare Earth Elements in Upper Mantle Rocks / by W. F. McDonough and Fredrick A. Frey. - Introduction. - Massive peridotites. - Massive peridotites: dominantly lherzolite Western Alps - Lanzo. - Western Alps -Baldissero, Balmuccia. - Eastern Liguria, Italy. - Western Liguria, Italy. - Eastern Pyrenees - France. - Ronda, Spain Effects of late stage alteration on REE. - What can be inferred about the melting process and the segregated melts?. - Massive peridotites: pyroxenite layers and veins and their wall rocks. - Amphibole-bearing pyroxenite veins. - Anhydrous pyroxenite layers. - How were the pyroxenite layers created? Evidence for multistage processes. - Implications for mantle enrichment processes (metasomatism). - Massive peridotites: dominantly harzburgite. - Oceanic peridotites. - Ultramafic xenoliths. - Group I spinel peridotites. - Garnet peridotites. - Pyroxenite and related xenoliths. - Models for REE abundance trends in peridotite xenoliths. - Megacrysts, minerals in xenoliths and damong inclusions. - Megacrysts. - Minerals in peridotites and pyroxenites. - Inclusions in diamonds. - Summary: comparison of peridotites from massifs and xenoliths and implications of REE data for Upper Mantle composition. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 6. Rare Earth Elements in Metamorphic Rocks / by Richard I. Grauch. - Introduction. - REE residence in metamorphic rocks. - REE mobility during metamorphism. - REE content of metamorphic rocks. - Suggestions for future work. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 7. Rare Earth Elements in Sedimentary Rocks: Influence of Provenance and Sedimentary Processes / by Scott M. McLennan. - Introduction. - Rare earth element properties and sedimentary rocks. - Cosmochemical considerations. - Geochemical considerations. - Aqueous geochemistry. - Normalizing and notation. - Sedimentary processes. - Weathering. - Diagenesis. - Sedimentary sorting. - REE and provenance studies. - Sedimentary rocks and crustal abundances. - Sedimentation and plate tectonics. - Archean sedimentary rocks and the Archean crust. - Archean greenstone belts. - REE in sedimentary rocks and crustal evolution. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 8. Aqueous Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements / by Douglas G. Brookins. - Introduction. - The trivalent lanthanides (Ln III). - Types of complexes in solution. - Hydrolysis products. - Phosphate complexes. - Carbonate complexes. - Halide complexes. - Complexes with total dissolved sulfur. - Gadolinium-Terbium fractionation?. - Scandium and Yttrium. - Europium (II). - Cerium (IV). - Eh-pH diagrams. - Cerium. - Europium. - Other lanthanides. - Lanthanides in ocean waters. - Lanthanides and actinides. - Concluding remarks. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 9. Rare Earth Elements in Lunar Materials / by Larry A. Haskin. - Introduction. - The nature of planet moon. - The magma ocean hypothesis and its presumed products. - Lunar REE patterns. - Highland plutonic rocks. - Anorthosites. - Durâtes, troctolites, norites, and gabbros. - Lunar felsite (granite). - Highland volcanic rocks: KREEP. - Mare basalts. - Mare basalt sources as magma ocean products. - Assimilation of crusted material during basalt petrogenesis. - Glassy spherules. - Soils and breccias. - Caveat. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Chapter 10. Compositional and Phase Relations among Rare Earth Element Minerals / by Donald M. Burt. - Introduction. - Geochemical background. - Minerals. - Coupled substitutions. - Vector treatment. - Application to selected mineral groups. - Fluorides. - Carbonates. - Fluorocarbonates. - Monazite, xenotime, zircon, and related phases. - Apatites. - Florencite and related phases. - A-B oxides (niobates, tantalates, titanates, ferrites). - Fergusonitelbetafergusonite, ABO4. - Perovskite, ABO3. - Aeschyniteleuxenite, AB2O6. - Pyrochlore, A1-2B2O6(O,F,OH). - Allanite. - Titanite. - Garnet. - Gadolinite. - Chevkinite/perrierite. - Element distributions: acid-base relations. - Summary. - Acknowledgemen