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  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Tokyo : Polar Section, National Science Museum
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-594/B-1
    In: Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition
    Description / Table of Contents: Vertical distribution of ozone at Japanese Antarctic station Syowa, 69°00′S, 39°35′E, was observed by means of carbon-iodine type chemical ozonesondes. Main purpose of this report is to give the results obtained by the soundings during the period from March 1966 to January 1967. Describing the data reduction method with some related problems, 28 vertical ozone distributions are given in ozonagrams and tables. A smoothed time-height cross section of ozone partial pressure is presented, with discussion on the seasonal characteristic ozone profiles and the ozone changes in each layer during the stratospheric sudden warming in 1966. Also, it is noted that the tropopauses are found 1-2km above the level where ozone begins to increase upwards into the stratosphere.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 38 S. : graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition : Scientific reports : Series B, Meteorology 1
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  • 2
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-271
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Previous work. - Conduct of the research. - Fundamental properties of snow. - Derived properties of snow. - Environmental effects. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: One of the great deficiencies in snow science is the lack of an analytical framework for much of the snow cycle. Snow research to date has largely consisted of measuring index properties of snow, such as bulk density and snow strength, and correlating them. This is useful, particularly for engineering purposes, but it does not grapple with the basic problem of what fundamental properties of snow determine the magnitude of the index properties and how these properties respond to environmental conditions. This study was an attempt to measure, quantitatively, the fundamental properties of grain size, shape, and fabric (relationship between grains) and relate these to the index or derived properties of bulk density, shear and tensile strength, permeability for air, and the dielectric static permittivity and loss tangent. Despite numerous difficulties in defining fabric and quantifying it, it was possible to show that: 1) snow strength is a function of bond area with a relationship in the low density range that is described by: [Sigma]f = [Sigma]i exp - (0.14nf) where [Sigma]f is failure strength, [Sigma]i is the final strength of ice, and nf is the porosity on the failure surface; and 2) the rate of densification of low density snow can be explained in part by high stress concentrations (on the order of 10^7 dynes /cm^2) at intergranular contacts and by such factors as riming on crystals. The effect of the environmental factors of time, temperature, and gravitational stress is difficult to study in situ because they are not independent variables. However, it appears that their study is simplified when we study the fundamental properties of snow as opposed to index properties.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 70 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 271
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-242
    In: Research report, 242
    Description / Table of Contents: The attenuation of visible light by falling snow was studied by making simultaneous attenuation measurements and snow concentration measurements. The attenuation coefficient was calculated from photometric measurements and from visual observations. Snow concentration in the air was evaluated by two methods: from Formvar replicas collected during the snowfall, and by mass accumulation of snow in collecting pans. The snowflakes were arbitrarily classified by crystal types according to their estimated fall velocity. It was found that the correlation between extinction coefficient (attenuation) and snow concentration was generally much higher by types than when all snowflakes were considered together regardless of crystal components and degree of riming. Two types, apparently improperly classified, displayed lower correlations than the overall group. When no fog is present during the snowfall, the experimental results coincide well with attenuation theory if a reasonable correction is applied to the values obtained in the measurement of snowflake diameters. Measurements of mass flux indicate that for a given intensity the attenuation caused by snow is an order of magnitude greater than that caused by the same mass flux of rain.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 27 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 242
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Initial theoretical considerations. - Light attenuation by particles. - Basis of attenuation meter measurements. - Contrast reduction and visual range. - Transmissometer theory, Pritchard photometric method. - Terminal velocity of snowflakes. - Methods of measurement: Light attenuation. - Duntley (Scripps Institution) attenuation meter. - "Meteorological range" observations. - Pritchard photometric method. - Methods of measurement: Atmospheric concentration of snowflakes. - Replication method. - Mass accumulation method. - Analysis of snow samples. - Terminal velocity of snowflakes. - Flux density and atmospheric concentration. - Mass accumulation rate. - Concurrent attenuation due to fog. - Discussion of results. - Computational methods. - Correlations: Attenuation coefficient vs area concentration. - Correlations: Attenuation coefficient vs are a flux. - Correlations: Attenuation coefficient vs mass concentration and mass flux. - Comparison of sampling methods for mass flux. - Attenuation of visible light by snow compared to rain. - Literature cited. - Appendix A.
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  • 4
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-259
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command, 259
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Previous work. - Study area. - Field procedures. - Results and discussion. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: A modern ice-push ridge on the northwest shore of Gardner Lake in southeastern Connecticut is 0.6 - 1.2 m high and 1.2 - 3.1 m wide. In February and March 1967, the positions of survey stakes placed on the lake ice were measured periodically. During the same period, air and ice temperature and solar radiation intensity were also recorded. Analysis of the data supports the hypothesis that thermal expansion of the lake ice rather than wind action, was the principal cause of ice push. An ice temperature change of approximately 1°C/hr increase for 6 hr was sufficient to induce ice thrust. In a 30-day period, the average net shoreward movement of the surveyed area of the ice surface was 1.0 m. During the 1966-67 winter, approximately 14 m^3 of beach material was reworked and deposited, forming a discontinuous ice-push ridge along 260 m of shoreline.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 15 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 259
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-255
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Previous work on unsteady rectilinear motion of a sphere. - Experiments with a circular path. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Comparisons of the measured and calculated forces.
    Description / Table of Contents: Forces on a sphere moving unsteadily along a circular path in a viscous fluid are measured, and it is found that within the experimental range the formula valid for rectilinear motion has to be modified to account for the curvature of the path.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 10 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 255
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-250
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Methods. - Results. - Ground and aerial photography. - Hemispherical photography. - Light quality. - Discussion. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: Aerial and ground photographs were taken over a 2-year period of sites in the El Verde rain forest to record the consistency of the vegetational patterns in untreated sites and the changes that occurred following gamma irradiation. Four emulsions were used: panchromatic infrared, false color transparency and color transparency. Densitometry was used to evaluate color film and the vegetation response to 3 months of radiation. The color emulsions provided the sharpest indication of damage to vegetation and the succession following treatment. Hemispherical photography of the canopy was evaluated in terms of a canopy cover index defined as percent of light passing through the negative in a 90-degree cone area. Control stations were remarkably constant in all photography, establishing the stability and slow natural changes in rain forest structure. Spectral light measurements within the forest confirmed the predominance of far red shade light. Compared to similar studies on the chronic irradiated forest at Brookhaven National Laboratory the El Verde results were less distinct.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 250
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Call number: ZSP-594/A-6
    In: Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 34 S. : graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition : Scientific reports : Series A, Aeronomy 6
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  • 8
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-267
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Regional variations in density. - Monthly increase in density. - Nomograph to estimate average snow-cover density. - Test and application of the nomograph. - Discussion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Observed, weighted snow-cover densities for stations in Table 1.
    Description / Table of Contents: Analysis of snow-cover observations made during November - March at 27 stations in Alaska, Canada and the northern United States for a 2 to 11 year period showed that the average snow density can be classified in four general categories: Category 1 (density 0.20 to 0.23 g/cm^3 ), inland stations reporting light winds; Category 2 (0.24 to 0.27 g/cm^3), stations reporting moderate winds; Category 3 (0.28 to 0.30 g/cm^3), inland and coastal locations with stronger winds; Category 4 (0.32 to 0.36 g/cm^3), cold and windy stations of the Arctic. Skewness coefficients computed for each station showed bias toward lower densities for cat. 1 and 2, and bias toward higher densities for cat. 3 and 4. A nomograph in which the average winter air temperature and wind speed are the independent variables makes it possible to estimate the average snow-cover density for any location in the Arctic, subarctic and North Temperate Zones. A comparison between observed and estimated densities for ten other test stations yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.91 with a standard error of estimate of 0.016 g/cm^3. An average snow density map of North America was drawn and the continent was divided into areas based on the four categories.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 267
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-254
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Description of the anemometer. - Temperature effects and their compensation. - Input-output relations. - Vibration isolation and compensation. - Wind tunnel tests. - Conclusions.
    Description / Table of Contents: A triaxial semiconductor strain-gage anemometer measuring wind velocities in three directions and thereby also determining the direction of the wind was designed and subjected to many crucial tests under various conditions. It was found that the measurements were affected by temperature and vibrations. Temperature compensation in two directions was made and wind tunnel tests on an almost vibration-free platform were performed. The results show that this type of instrument can be successfully used to measure large-scale turbulences. Throughout this report, emphasis is placed on the compensation necessary for temperature and vibration effects and the determination of input-output relationships. It is concluded that it is possible to design a practical triaxial strain-gage anemometer with high-frequency response and high sensitivity and to measure wind velocities accurately with this type of instrument when temperature and vibration compensations are properly made.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 15 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 254
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Call number: ZSP-697/B
    Former Title: Vorg. ---〉 [Rezul'taty issledovanij po mezdunarodnym geofiziceskim proektam / 9 / Gljaciologija i sejsmologija]
    Subsequent Title: Forts. ---〉 [Rezul'taty issledovanij po mezdunarodnym geofiziceskim proektam / Gljaciologiceskie issledovanija]
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  • 11
    Call number: AWI G7-84-0846
    In: Katalog dannych i publikacij po Arktike i Antarktike
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 122 S.
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  • 12
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Tokyo : Dept. of Polar Research, National Science Museum
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-594/A-7
    In: Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 14 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition : Scientific reports : Series A, Aeronomy 7
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  • 13
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-245
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Snow crystals in Greenland. - Microspherules. - Microspherules in snow and ice-fog crystals. - Concentration and radii of spherules. - Discussion and conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Spherules found in snow crystals, ice-fog crystals, fallout particles, and fly ash were studied with an electron microscope using the electron diffraction method. The central part of the residues of 1004 specimens of natural snow crystals from Greenland, the United States, and Japan were examined; 14 spherules 0.1 to 1.5? in radius were found among them. The residues of 658 artificial ice-fog crystals formed from water vapor in flue gases of coal-burning electric power plants at Fairbanks, Alaska, were also examined; nine spherules were found. Spherules similar to those found in ice-fog residues were found in furnace-produced fly ash fallout at Fairbanks, Alaska. Electron and optical microscope examination of spherules found in Greenland snow reveals a size distribution of the form dN/d(log r) = Cr-ß where ß approximately 3. The properties of spherules and the mean mass of snow crystals from Greenland are described. The electron microscope study indicated that less than 0.7% of the 1004 snow crystals contained spherules of possible extraterrestrial origin, and that snow crystals are formed mainly on clay mineral particles by heterogeneous nucleation.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 10 Seite , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 245
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-276
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Test site. - Test procedures. - Equipment. - Unconfined compression tests. - Ring tensile tests. - Test results. - Unconfined compression tests. - Ring tensile tests. - Discussion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. Calculation of the effect of nonaxial loading of unconfined compression specimens. - Appendix B. Camp Century unconfined compressive strength data at -25C. - Appendix C. Camp Century ring-tensile strength data at -25C. - Appendix D. Unconfined compressive strength of Camp Century vertical snow samples 8.25 in. length, 3.0 in. diam at -25C. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: The unconfined compressive strengths [Sigma]c and the ring-tensile strengths [Sigma]T of snow and ice specimens from the Inclined Drift at Camp Century, Greenland, were determined. The specimen densities varied over essentially the complete natural density range of polar snow and ice (0.340 to 0.890 g/cm^3). The specimens were loaded rapidly to failure with times varying between 0.2 and 1.4 sec. During loading, head speeds varied between 5.1 and 23.6 cm/min, although during individual tests they were constant. Even the low density specimens failed in the brittle mode. Although a plot of [Sigma]T vs [Gamma] is linear, [Sigma]c vs [Gamma] is clearly nonlinear. This nonlinearity may result from either changes in the level of the internal stress concentrations associated with the voids in the snow or from changes in the ratio (bulk porosity/effective porosity of the failure surface) with density. Both tangent and secant moduli are linear functions of [Gamma]. There is no pronounced change in [Sigma]c with changes in strain rate. A significant increase in [Sigma]T, [Sigma]c and the modulus values was noted at bulk densities greater than 0.830 g/cm^3. This increase is presumably caused by the close-off of the air passages.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 35 Seiten , Illustrationen, graphische Darstellungen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 276
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-264
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Physical properties of ice fog. - Mie scattering computations. - Results. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Ice-fog crystals consisting of many spherical particles, and some hexagonal plates and columns, were observed at ambient temperatures of about -40°C in the Fairbanks, Alaska area during mid-winter. The concentrations and the size distributions of the ice-fog crystals were measured. The attenuation and backscattering of infrared radiation by ice-fog crystals were computed for optical wavelengths of 2.2[My], 2.7[My], 4.5[My], 5.75[My], 9.7[My] and 10.9[My] using the Mie theory. The minimum attenuation coefficients and backscattering functions of ice fog were found to be at 9.7[My] wavelength in the observed wavelengths. Optical attenuation coefficients and volume backscattering functions of water fogs were also computed using the Mie theory. The minimum attenuation coefficients and backscattering functions of water fog were found to be at 10.9[My] wavelength in the region of 2.2[My], 2.7[My], 4.5[My], 5.75[My], 9.7[My] and 10.9[My]. Both the attenuation coefficients and backscattering functions of ice fog are within the same order of magnitude as water fog for equivalent fog concentrations and wavelengths.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 7 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 264
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-269
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - List of symbols. - Introduction. - Structure of ice and ice sheets. - Ice as a mineral. - Lake and sea ice. - Chemistry and phase relations. - Dislocations,cracks,and stress concentrators. - Direct observation of dislocations. - Crackformation. - Stress concentration. - Theoretical considerations. - Experimental results. - Compressive strength. - Indentation failure. - Tensile strength. - Flexural strength. - Shear strength. - Impact strength. - Scale effects. - Strength deterioration in the spring. - Recommended research. - Summary. - Selected bibliography. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: The increased activity in cold regions has made a thorough understanding of fracture in lake and sea ice quite desirable, inasmuch as this information has application to a number of problems of geophysical as well as engineering importance. This survey starts with a discussion of the structure of ice I and the macro- and microstructure of sea and lake ice as well as their chemistry and phase relations. Recent work on the direct observation of dislocations as well as the formation of cracks in ice is summarized. Formal ice-brine-air models for analyzing variations in ice strength are also reviewed. The results of the different types of tests are discussed and cornpared (compressive, indentation, direct and ring-tension, small beam flexure and in situ cantilevers and simple beams, shear, and impact). Scale effects are considered as well as the rapid strength deterioration experienced by ice sheets in the spring. Finally, a number of recommendations are made concerning future research in this field.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: viii, 79 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 269
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-266
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Review of dielectric properties of soils and rocks. - Methods and measurements. - Introduction. - Dispersion. - Experimental procedures. - Introduction. - Apparatus. - Correction for stray fields. - Material. - Results. - The dielectric properties of Na-montmorillonite suspensions as a function of concentration. - The dielectric properties of K-montmorillonite water suspension. - Conclusions. - Outlook. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: The dielectric properties of Na- and K- montmorillonite suspensions with concentrations varying from 2.5% to 0.10% by weight were measured at 25°C in the frequency range of 50 Hz to 20 kHz. Effects of electrode polarization were minimized by using the same stainless steel electrodes at different interelectrode distances and a correction was applied to compensate for stray fields. This investigation establishes the fact that the high dielectric constants of clay suspensions at audio frequencies are real and not the result of electrode polarization. The polarization that determines the dispersion is an interfacial phenomenon between the ionic atmosphere and the negatively charged clay particle. The results of this study show that clay suspensions have the same dispersion as soil samples, indicating the probability that the dispersion of wet soils in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 20 kHz is similar for most soils. The actual value of the dielectric constant, however, cannot yet be predicted.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 17 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 266
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-263
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Theoretical background. - Experimental apparatus and procedures. - Results and discussion. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: The transition in the mode of heat transfer from conduction to convection in a layer of water formed continuously by melting ice from below has been determined experimentally. This was accomplished by locating the inflection point on the curve relating the water-ice interface (or melting front) and time. Thus, the critical Rayleigh number, Rac, at which convective heat transfer started can be correlated empirically as a function of warm plate temperature, Ts, by Rac= 14,200 exp(-6.64 x 10^-2 Ts). This relation is valid for Ts varying from 7.72 to 25.50°C. The initial ice temperature T0 was varied from -4.8 to -22.00°C. The effect of T0 was found to be insignificant. Homogeneous, bubble-free ice was prepared and used in all the experiments.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 12 Seiten , Illustrations
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 263
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-258
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: During the summer of 1965, the CRREL cloud physics group carried out a study of fog modification by propane and dry ice seeding on the Greenland Ice Cap, an area with one of the lowest concentrations of atmospheric pollution on earth. The nuclei of supercooled fog droplets before seeding were observed using electron microscopy and electron diffraction methods. The nuclei of ice crystals formed by dry ice and propane seeding were also observed using the same technique. The nuclei of the supercooled fog droplets and the ice crystals formed by seeding were found to be hygroscopic sea salt particles that were easily distinguished from the clay mineral nuclei of natural snow crystals. The sublimation temperature of carbon dioxide is -78.5°C The boiling point of liquid propane is -44.5°C at 1 atm pressure. It is concluded that the ice nucleation of supercooled fog by dry ice and liquid propane seeding is due to thermal effects.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 9 S. : Ill.
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 258
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  • 20
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-277
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Nomenclature. - Introduction. - Basic equations. - Constitutive relations. - Elastic region. - Plastic region. - Stability of the differential equation. - Stability of the difference equation. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: An analysis is made of the stability of difference approximation to one-dimensional shock wave propagation in elastic-plastic media. The necessary condition for stability is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 9 Seiten
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 277
    Language: English
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  • 21
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-204-172
    In: CRREL Technical Report
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 36 S. : zahlr. graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: CRREL Technical Report 172
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  • 22
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leipzig : Bibliogr. Inst.
    Call number: AWI S6-92-0336
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 372 S. : graph. Darst., Notenbeisp.
    Edition: 1. Aufl., 1. - 20. Tsd.
    Language: German
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  • 23
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Oslo : Univ. Press [in Komm.]
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-597-148
    In: Skrifter
    In: Scientific results
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 55 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Skrifter / Norsk Polarinstitutt 148
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  • 24
    Call number: ZSP-265-9
    In: Ergebnisse der Stauferland-Expedition 1959/60 [und 1967]
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    Pages: 40 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Ergebnisse der Stauferland-Expedition 1959/60 [und 1967] 9
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  • 25
    Call number: AWI E3-84-0765
    Description / Table of Contents: „Fünfzigtausend Kilometer hin und zurück, zwanzig Tage Flug um die Welt und dreißig Tage in Antarktika - das alles kommt mir heute wie ein Traum vor. Ich habe den schneebedeckten Himalaja gesehen, Palmen, den Äquator, Inseln aus erloschenen Vulkanen, die rote Erde Australiens, die Blitze tropischer Gewitter, Neuseeland. Ich habe amerikanischen Polarforschern die Hände geschüttelt, und dann folgte ein Monat Leben im Eis ... " Mit diesen Worten beginnt W. Peskow seine Reportage aus Antarktika. Der Reporter - der nicht nur unterwegs, sondern auch in Antarktika immer sein Notizbuch zur Hand gehabt hat - wohnte in Mirny unterm Schnee, schaute sich in den Laboratorien und Werkstätten und natürlich auch in der Kantine um, war bei der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit, beim Postempfang, am Badetag, beim Festefeiern dabei, nahm teil an einem schwierigen Flug zur Eiserkundung, erlebte einen Schneesturm und bekam dabei einen Vorgeschmack von den Gefahren, die die Polarnacht für die Überwinterer bereithält, besuchte den Kältepol Wostok, die Stationen McMurdo, Molodjoshnaja und Mawson, aber auch die Attraktion Antarktikas: die Pinguine. Am meisten interessierte ihn: Was sind das für Menschen? Wie leben sie unter den harten, antarktischen Bedingungen. Er interviewte sowjetische, amerikanische und australische Forscher und Techniker, blendet in seine Reportage geschickt Rückblicke auf die Entdeckungsgeschichte Antarktikas ein und läßt so - wohltuend unpathetisch - das Bild der Helden unserer Tage lebendig werden, die, ohne viel Worte zu machen, zum Ruhme der Wissenschaft beitragen, auch unter Einsatz ihres Lebens.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 252 Seiten , Illustrationen , 24 cm
    Uniform Title: Belye sny 〈dt.〉
    Language: German
    Note: lnhaltsverzeichnis Wer hat Chancen für Antarktika? 25 000 Flugkilometer Erste Etappe: Taschkent ,,Schneemenschen" Zwischenlandung in Delhi Rangun, Stadt der Pagoden Begegnung mit Neptun in der Luft Kleine Exkursion auf Java Australischer Sonntag Känguruh heißt „Ich verstehe nicht" ,,Gedanken im Fluge" Christchurch macht Geschäfte Emigranten Letzte Zwischenlandung bereits auf Antarktika . Wettlauf zum Südpol Die Geschichte des schwarzen Steines In Mirny lebt man unterm Schnee Wo ist Mirny? Unterweisung für Neuankömmlinge Wenn ein Traktor „schlappmacht" Treffpunkt: Antarktika Briefe und Telegramme Der frischgebackene Doktor der Geographie Natascha und die Flieger Awral! Schneesturm Antarktika braucht harte Männer Valentin Meine Tischgenossen Von Steckenpferden und Vergnügen Ich fliege zum Kältepol Wissenschaftler nach vorn! Andrei Kapiza vor neuer Fahrt Tragödien in der Antarktis Spaßvögel Wir feiern das Gurkenfest Mirny - Mawson - Molodjoshnaja Reporter in Aktion Die Tanne und das Neujahrsfest Pinguine - die Attraktion von Antarktika Hundeleben Eiserkundung Auf Wiedersehen, Antarktika! Erläuterungen , Aus dem Russischen übersetzt
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  • 26
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Berlin : Nationalkomitee für Geodäsie und Geophysik der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik bei der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP Per 581(2/9) ; ZSP-319/B-9
    In: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 2, Solarterrestrische Beziehungen und Physik der Atmosphäre, Heft 9
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 160 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISSN: 0533-7585
    Series Statement: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 2, Solarterrestrische Beziehungen und Physik der Atmosphäre 9
    Language: German
    Note: Inhalt: Zusammenfassung. - Abstract. - 1. EINLEITUNG UND ZIELSTELLUNG. - 2. EIN KURZER ÜBERBLICK ÜBER DEN STAND DER KENNTNIS DER ETWA 2JÄHRIGEN SCHWANKUNG. - 2.1. Das Phänomen. - 2.1.1. Die Eigenschaften der etwa 2jährigen Schwankung in der tropischen Stratosphäre (vom Äquator bis etwa 30° Breite) 2.1.2. Eigenschaften der etwa 2jährigen Schwankung in den gemäßigten und höheren Breiten. - 2.2. Dynamik und hypothetische Ursachen. - 2.2.1. Zur Dynamik der etwa 26monatigen Schwankung. - 2. 2.1.1. Einige qualitative dynamische Betrachtungen (Vertikalaustausch, meridionale Zirkulationszellen, horizontaler Großaustausch). - 2.2.1.2. Turbulenzbedingter Abwärtstransport einer in größerer Höhe vorgegebenen periodischen Störung des Temperaturfeldes. - 2.2.1.3. Bilanzbetrachtungen des zonalen Impulses. - 2.2.1.4. Abwärtswandernde Zirkulationszellen 2.2.1.5. Einbeziehung des Ozonhaushaltes und der mit dem Ozon verbundenen Energieumsetzungen. - 2.2.2. Hypothetische Ursachen der 26monatigen Schwankung der allgemeinen Zirkulation. - 2.2.2.1. Einwirkung einer extraterrestrischen (solaren) 26monatigen Fluktuation. - 2.2.2.2. Die 26monatige Periode als Folge von Schwingungen mit anderen Perioden. - a) Subharmonische Schwingungen. - b) Wechselwirkung zwischen zwei Schwingungen verschiedener Periode. - 2.2.2.3. Freie Schwingungen (Eigenschwingungen) der allgemeinen Zirkulation der Erdatmosphäre. - a) Auswirkungen der Existenz der Ozonschicht. - b) Wechselwirkung mit den Ozeanen. - c) Wechselwirkung mit der Bewölkungsverteilung. - 3. EINIGE BEMERKUNGEN ZU DEN METHODEN, DIE ZUM STUDIUM VON SCHWANKUNGEN MIT VERÄNDERLICHER PERIODE IN FRAGE KOMMEN. - 3.1. Elimination kurzer Perioden, insbesondere des Jahresganges. - 3.2. Zur Anwendung der harmonischen Analyse und der Periodogrammanalyse 3.3. Autokorrelation und Powerspektrum. - 3.4. Anwendung mathematischer Filter. - 4. BEZIEHUNGEN ZWISCHEN EINER ETWA 2JÄHRIGEN SCHWANKUNG DER SONNENAKTIVITÄT UND DER SCHWANKUNG DER ALLGEMEINEN ZIRKULATION DER ERDATMOSPHÄRE. - 4.1. Das Problem. - 4.2. Zum Vergleich verwendete Daten. - 4.3. Das Powerspektrum einiger Reihen. - 4.4. Vergleich gefilterter Reihen. - 4.5. Vergleich der Perioden- und Amplitudenvariationen. - 4.6. Die Änderung der Phasendifferenz zwischen der 26monatigen Schwankung der heliographischen Breite der Sonnenflecken B und der meridionalen Zirkulationsformen über Europa M'. - 4.7. Zu prüfende Folgerungen für die Physik des Zusammenhanges. - 4.8. Weitere Diskussion der Phasendifferenz der 26monatigen Schwankung von B und M'. - 4.9. Einige weitere Beziehungen. - (1) Zusammenhang mit dem 11jährigen Sonnenfleckenzyklus. - (2) Beziehung zur Schwankung der grünen Koronalinie. - (3) Eine Beziehung zwischen der 26monatigen Schwankung der mittleren heliographischen Breite der Sonnenflecken und der 26monatigen Schwankung der Sonnenfleckenrelativzahl. - 5. VERVOLLSTÄNDIGUNG UND DISKUSSION DES BILDES DER 26MONATIGEN SCHWANKUNG DER ZIRKULATION DER ERDATMOSPHÄRE. - 5.1. Einleitung. - 5.2. Die Darstellungsweise. - 5.3. Erläuterungen zu den aufgestellten schematischen Darstellungen Abb. 5.1. bis 5.4. und Zusammenstellung neu gewonnener Aussagen über Beziehungen zwischen den an der 26monatigen Schwankung beteiligten Elementen und Vorgängen. - 5.3.1. Die Zonalwindkomponente. - 5.3.2. Anschluß des Schemas an die ca. 26monatige Schwankung der mittleren heliographischen Breite B der Sonnenflecken und der Maßzahl M' für die Häufigkeit meridionaler Zirkulationsformen. - 5.3.3. Temperatur in der Stratosphäre und Mesosphäre. - 5.3.4. Höhe der Tropopause. - 5.3.5. Ozon. - 5.3.6. Stratosphärische Erwärmungen. - 5.3.7.Weitere Zirkulationsparameter der Erdatmosphäre (Zonalzirkulationsindex, räumliche Varianz des Luftdruckes in Meeresniveau, Divergenz des durch Großaustausch bedingten horizontalen Impulstransports, Impulsaustausch in der Troposphäre der gemäßigten Breiten, blockierende Hochdruckgebiete über dem Nordatlantik und Europa, Zyklonalität in der Umgebung der Britischen Inseln, Southern oscillation). - 5.3.8. Meteorologische Elemente der bodennahen Luftschicht (Temperatur, Luftdruck, Niederschlagshäufigkeit). - 5.3.9. Weitere geophysikalische Elemente. - 5.4. Verwendung des Gesamtschemas zur Gewinnung von Aussagen über Struktur und Anregungsmechanismus der 26monatigen Schwankung der Zirkulation der Erdatmosphäre. - 6. EINIGE THEORETISCHE UND QUANTITATIVE BETEACHTUNGEN ZUM EINFLUSS VERÄNDERLICHER SOLARER STRAHLUNG AUF DIE ERDATMOSPHÄRE. - 6.1. Gegenstand und Ziel. - 6.2. Mögliche Einwirkungen hochenergetischer Partikel. - 6.3. Die Gleichung der atmosphärischen Dynamik unter Einbeziehung des Ozonhaushaltes. - 6.4. Das linearisierte Gleichungssystem. - 6.5. Die 26monatige Schwankung in der äquatorialen Stratosphäre. - 6.5.1. Anregung durch Schwankung der elektromagnetischen Strahlung der Sonne. - 6.5.2. Anregung durch Schwankung der hochenergetischen Partikelstrahlung der Sonne. - 6.6. Diskussion der Resultate einiger numerischer Berechnungen. - 7. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG UND SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN. - LITERATUR. - ABBILDUNGEN.
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  • 27
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    Cambridge, Mass. : M.I.T. Press
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    Call number: AWI G3-92-0177
    In: An introduction to systematic geomorphology
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    Pages: 200 S. : Abb. ; 30 cm
    Series Statement: An introduction to systematic geomorphology 3
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  • 28
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    Monograph available for loan
    San Diego [u.a.] : Academic Press
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    Call number: AWI A10-97-0480
    In: Physical chemistry
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XV, 666 S.
    Series Statement: Physical chemistry 16
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  • 29
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    Jena : G. Fischer
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  • 30
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    Monograph available for loan
    San Diego [u.a.] : Acad. Press
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    Call number: AWI A6-92-0290
    In: International geophysics series
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVII, 603 S. ; ill
    ISBN: 0125445504
    Series Statement: International geophysics series 13
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  • 31
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    Berlin : Nationalkomitee für Geodäsie und Geophysik der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik bei der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP Per 581(2/10) ; ZSP-319/B-10
    In: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 2, Solarterrestrische Beziehungen und Physik der Atmosphäre, Heft 10
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 86 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISSN: 0533-7585
    Series Statement: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 2, Solarterrestrische Beziehungen und Physik der Atmosphäre 10
    Language: German , English
    Note: Inhalt: I. PFP-Periode Juli 1966. - 1. The variation of the geomagnetic field in middle and high latitude during the period from June, 28th to July, 13th, 1966 / A. Best, G. Fanselau, A. Grafe, H.-R. Lehmann, Chr.-Ulr. Wagner. - 2. Some characteristics of the disturbances of the ionospheric F2 region, following the proton flares of July and September 1966, and May 1967 / H. Lange, J. Taubenheim. - 3. Remarks on the storage of energy leading to impulsive bursts and proton flares / A. Krüger. - II. PFP-Periode August-September 1966. - 4. The radio bursts associated with the active region of the second PFP-period 1966 / A. Böhme, A. Krüger. - 5. On the type IV events of 1966, August 28th and September 2nd / A. Böhme, A. Krüger. - 6. The variations of the geomagnetic field in northern latitudes and of the ring-current field during the proton flare events from 27th August to 7th September, 1966. - 7. Effects in the lower ionosphere during the September 1966 PFP-Event / R. Knuth, E. A. Lauter, W. Lippert. - Autorenverzeichnis. , Mit Text in englischer Sprache
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  • 32
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    Monograph available for loan
    Vienna : International Atomic Energy Agency
    Call number: AWI G6-97-0278
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 421 S. : 24 cm
    Series Statement: Technical Report Series 96
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  • 33
    Call number: O 3695 ; O 3694 ; O 3692 ; G 5573 ; AWI S2-00-0145
    In: Geophysikalische Monographien
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 386 S.
    Series Statement: Geophysikalische Monographien 5
    Location: Upper compact magazine
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  • 34
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    Moskva [u.a.] : Glavnoe Upravlenie Geodezii i Kartografii MG SSSR
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    Call number: A4 4 ; A4 4 2. Ex. ; AWI Atl-10-0061/2 ; AWI Atl-10-0061/2(2. Ex.) ; MOP A4 42796
    In: Atlas Antarktiki, 2
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 579 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 35
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    Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
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    Call number: 12/MOP 38868/8 ; AWI A3-97-0479 ; MOP 38868/8(2. Ex.)
    In: World survey of climatology
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XII, 248 S.
    ISBN: 0444407049
    Series Statement: World survey of climatology 8
    Language: English
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  • 36
    Call number: AWI G6-18-91719
    Type of Medium: Dissertations
    Pages: 34 S.
    Edition: gekürzte Ausg.
    Language: German
    Note: Frankfurt am Main, Univ., Diss., 1969
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  • 37
    Call number: AWI G1-19-92268
    In: University of California publications in geological sciences, Volume 85
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: V, 101 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: University of California publications in geological sciences 85
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Abstract. - Introduction and Acknowledgements. - Metamorphic basement. - Plutonic rocks. - Review of plutonism in Central America, excluding Honduras. - Plutonic rocks of Honduras. - Mesozoic and eocene rocks. - General statement. - Vallę de Angeles group. - Esquias formation. - Matagalpa Formation. - Subinal redbeds. - Ignimbrites. - The pre-ignimbrite surface. - Thickness of the ignimbrites. - Lithology and mineral composition. - Associated lavas. - Ignimbrite vents. - Fluviatile and lacustrine beds associated with ignimbrites. - Age and correlation. - Chemical composition - major elements. - Origin of ignimbrite magmas. - Dikes. - Borderlands of the Gulf of Fonseca. - The Gracias Formation. - Quaternary Volcanism. - General statement. - Description of individual volcanic fields. - Gulf of Fonseea. - Volcanoes of the central highlands. - The Lake Yojoa volcanic field. - Lavas in the Sula graben. - Utila Island. - Geologic structure of Honduras. - Appendix: Microscopic Petrography. - A. Plutonic rocks. - B. Andesites and basalts of the Matagalpa Formation. - C. Lavas of the Gulf of Fonseca sequence. - D. Dike rocks. - E. Ignimbrites. - F. Quaternary lavas. - Literature cited.
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  • 38
    Call number: AWI S1-18-91339
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 608 S.
    Edition: 4. ed., repr.
    Language: English
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  • 39
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93434-2
    In: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin, Band XXXII, Heft 2
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 218 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin 32,2
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG
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  • 40
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    London : Wykeham Publications
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    Call number: AWI A5-16-89783
    In: The Wykeham science Series ; 3, 3
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xv, 240 S. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 22 cm
    Edition: Repr.
    ISBN: 0851090400
    Series Statement: The Wykeham science series 3
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - Symbols, units and numerical values. - 1. The nature and scope of meteorology. - 1.1. Meteorology in relation to other sciences. - 1.2. Variations in space and time. - 1.3. Applied meteorology. - 2. Physical properties of the atmosphere. - 2.1. Composition of dry air. - 2.1.1. Mean molecular weight. - 2.1.2. Dissociation and ionization. - 2.1.3. Escape to space of component molecules. - 2.2. Pressure, density and temperature. - 2.2.1. Definition of pressure. - 2.2.2. Values near sea level. - 2.2.3. Variations in the vertical. - 2.2.4. Diurnal fluctuations at upper levels. - 2.2.5. Horizontal pressure gradients. - 2.3. Water vapour. - 2.3.1. Humidity mixing ratio. - 2.3.2. Density of moist air. - 2.3.3. Saturation vapour pressure. - 2.3.4. Paths leading to saturation. - 2.3.5. Measurement of vapour pressure. - 2.3.6. Distribution of water vapour. - 3. Heat transfer. - 3.1. Radiation processes. - 3.1.1. Solar radiation: its energy distribution. - 3.1.2. The solar constant. - 3.1.3. Effect of the atmosphere and earth on solar radiation. - 3.1.4. Radiation from the earth and atmosphere. - 3.2. Convection. - 3.2.1. Adiabatic temperature changes. - 3.2.2. Adiabatic equation. - 3.2.3. Potential temperature: dry adiabatic lapse rate. - 3.2.4 Saturated adiabatic lapse rate. - 3.2.5. Stability and instability. - 3.3. Heat transfer in land and sea. - 3.3.1. Heating and cooling of soil. - 3.3.2. Heating and cooling of water. - 4. Condensation and precipitation. - 4.1. Microphysical processes. - 4.1.1 Condensation nuclei. - 4.1.2. Curvature and solute effects. - 4.1.3. Water-droplet clouds. - 4.1.4. Ice nuclei. - 4.1.5. Ice-crystal clouds. - 4.1.6. Precipitation from water clouds. - 4.1.7. Precipitation from mixed clouds. - 4.1.8. Thunderstorm electricity. - 4.2. Larger-scale processes. - 4.2.1. Surface cooling. - 4.2.2. Evaporation. - 4.2.3. Vertical motion. - 4.3. Cloud observations. - 4.3.1. Cloud genera: their heights and composition. - 4.3.2. Cloud recognition and general features. - 4.3.3. Effects of vertical wind shear. - 4.3.4. Cloud classification for forecasting. - 5. The tephigram. - 5.1. Construction of the diagram. - 5.1.1. Coordinates: area and energy. - 5.1.2. Isobars. - 5.1.3. Saturation mixing ratio lines. - 5.1.4. Saturated adiabatics. - 5.1.5. Height variation. - 5.2. Simple graphical computations. - 5.2.1. Height. - 5.2.2. Humidity elements. - 5.2.3. Condensation levels. - 5.2.4. Föhn effects. - 5.3. Precipitable water and precipitation rate. - 5.3.1. Formula and calculation. - 5.3.2. Precipitation rate. - 5.3.3. Water content of convection clouds. - 5.4. The effects of vertical motion on lapse rate. - 5.4.1. Unsaturated or saturated motion. - 5.4.2. Potential (convective) instability. - 5.5. Tephigram analysis. - 5.5.1. Latent instability. - 5.5.2. Air mass characteristics. - 6. Winds. - 6.1. Laws of motion and the earth's rotation. - 6.1.1. Newton's First and Second Laws. - 6.1.2. Nature of the earth's rotation. - 6.1.3. Effects of the earth's rotation: the Coriolis force. - 6.2. Inertial flow and geostrophic winds. - 6.2.1. Nature of inertial flow. - 6.2.2. Nature of geostrophic flow. - 6.2.3. Geostrophic wind equation. - 6.2.4. Wind and pressure near the equator. - 6.3. Gradient winds. - 6.4. Winds in the friction layer. - 6.5. Thermal winds. - 6.5.1. Vertical shear vector. - 6.5.2. Temperature control of the shear vector. - 6.5.3. Thermal wind equation and thickness charts. - 6.5.4. Hodographs and temperature advection. - 6.5.5. Jet streams. - 7. Instruments and observations. - 7.1. Routine surface observations. - 7.1.1. Pressure. - 7.1.2. Temperature and humidity. - 7.1.3. Precipitation and evaporation. - 7.1.4. Wind. - 7.1.5. Clouds and visibility. - 7.1.6. Sunshine and radiation. - 7.1.7. Ship observations. - 7.2. Upper air observations. - 7.2.1. Historical. - 7.2.2. The radiosonde: radar winds. - 7.2.3. Ozone measurements. - 7.3. World Weather Watch. - 7.4. Experiments in observation and interpretation. - 7.4.1. Pressure. - 7.4.2. Temperature and humidity. - 7.4.3. Evaporation and rainfall. - 7.4.4. Wind. - 7.4.5. Radiation. - 7.4.6. Topographical influences. - 8. Synoptic Meteorology. - 8.1. The surface weather map: an introduction. - 8.1.1. The plotting code. - 8.1.2. Pressure systems and features. - 8.1.3. Air masses. - 8.1.4. Fronts. - 8.2. Air mass characteristics. - 8.2.1. Classification. - 8.2.2. Modifications. - 8.2.3. Air masses over the British Isles. - 8.3. Frontal characteristics. - 8.3.1. The stability of a frontal surface. - 8.3.2. Equilibrium slope of a frontal surface. - 8.3.3. Frontal structure. - 8.4. Frontal depressions. - 8.4.1. The life cycle of a frontal depression. - 8.4.2. Cold front waves; depression families. - 8.4.3. Warm front waves. - 8.4.4. Secondaries at points of occlusion. - 8.5. Non-frontal depressions. - 8.5.1. Heat lows. - 8.5.2. Polar lows. - 8.5.3. Orographic lows. - 8.5.4. Tropical cyclones. - 8.5.5. Tornadoes. - 8.6. Anticyclones. - 8.6.1. General characteristics. - 8.6.2. Cold and warm anticyclones. - 8.7 Synoptic development. - 8.7.1. Convergence, divergence and vertical motion. - 8.7.2. Convergence and vorticity. - 8.7.3 Long waves. - 8.7.4. Circulation indices: blocking. - 8.8. Surface analysis. - 8.8.1. General. - 8.8.2. Representativeness of observations. - 8.8.3. METMAPS. - 9. Micrometeorology. - 9.1. The nature of airflow near the ground. - 9.1.1. Wind speeds over a uniform level surface. - 9.1.2. Flow within a fluid boundary layer. - 9.1.3. Shearing stress via the mixing length concept. - 9.1.4. The friction velocity u*. - 9.1.5. Interpretation of the mixing length concept. - 9.1.6. The wind profile equation in complete form. - 9.2. The influence of surface roughness on the wind. - 9.2.1. Roughness in the aerodynamic sense. - 9.2.2. Roughness in relation to shearing stress and mean wind speed. - 9.2.3. The drag coefficient CD. - 9.2.4. CD as a transfer coefficient. - 9.2.5. Effect of a change in surface roughness. - 9.3. Vertical transport by turbulence. - 9.3.1. Flux equations; use of electrical analogy. - 9.3.2. Heat flux and other calculations. - 9.3.3. Vertical temperature gradients in relation to turbulent exchange. - 10. The general circulation. - 10.1. General characteristics. - 10.1.1. Genesis and interactions. - 10.1.2. Time fluctuations. - 10.2. Observations. - 10.2.1. Time- and space-averaging. - 10.2.2. Tracers. - 10.3. Experiment and theory. - 10.3.1. The rotating vessel experiment. - 10.3.2. Conservation principles. - 10.3.3. Cellular models. - 10.4. Climatic zones. - 11. Weather forecasting. - 11.1. Historical survey. - 11.1.1. 1860-1920. - 11.1.2. 1920-1945. - 11.1.3. 1945-1960. - 11.1.4. 1960 onwards. - 11.2. Conventional forecasting. - 11.2.1. Pressure tendency. - 11.2.2. Making the forecast. - 11.3. Long-range forecasting. - 11.3.1. Statistical methods. - 11.3.2. Synoptic methods. - 11.3.3. Analogues. - 11.4. Numerical forecasting. - 11.4.1. The barotropic model. - 11.4.2. Later developments. - 11.5. Predictability and control. - 11.5.1. Short-range predictability. - 11.5.2. Medium-range predictability. - 11.5.3. Long-range predictability: climatic trends. - 11.5.4. Weather and climate modification. - Answers to Problems. - Subject Index. - The Wykeham Series.
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  • 41
    Call number: ZSP-319/C-9,2(2. Ex.) ; ZSP-319/C-9,2
    In: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 3, Physik der festen Erde, Heft 9
    In: Die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse der Deutschen Spitzbergenexpedition 1964-1965, Teil 2
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 128 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten , 1 Karte
    ISSN: 0435-6187
    Series Statement: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 3, Physik der festen Erde 9,2
    Language: German
    Note: Kartenbeilage unter dem Titel: Periglaziallandschaft Irgensfjellet, Kingsbay-Westspitzbergen 〈1 : 1 500〉 , Inhalt: 4. Die Arbeiten zur Periglazialforschung 4.1. Vorwort zum Ergebnisbericht der Expeditionsgruppe Periglazialforschung 4.2. Untersuchungen zur Morphologie der periglazialen Auftauschicht im Kongsfjordgebiet (K. Herz; G. Andreas) 4.3. Untersuchungen zur Ökologie der periglazialen Auftauschicht im Kongsjfordgebiet (K. Herz; G. Andreas) 4.4. Geoelektrische Sondierungen zum Nachweis der sommerlichen Auftautiefe in der Arktis (G. Andreas) 5. Die geomagnetischen Arbeiten 5.1. Geomagnetische Tiefensondierungen am Süd- bzw. Nordufer des Kongsfjordes in Spitzbergen (V. Auster, K. Legning) 5.2. Ergebnisse der geomagnetischen Messungen der Spitzbergen-Expedition im Sommer 1964 (V. Auster, K. Legning, H. Zander) 5.3. Messungen des Erdpotentialgradienten an Land und auf See in Ny-Ålesund (K. Legning) 5.4. Messung der geomagnetischen Horizontalintensität sowie der Deklination auf einem eisernen Schiff (V. Auster, K. Legning)
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  • 42
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93434
    In: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin, Band XXXII, Heft 1
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 121 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin 32,1
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG
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  • 43
    Call number: AWI G7-19-92221
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: Seiten 437 - 505 , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society : Series A, Mathematical and physical sciences 265.1969,1166
    Language: English
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  • 44
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Novosibirsk : Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", Sibirskoe otdelenie
    Call number: AWI G3-23-95226
    Description / Table of Contents: В книге дается очень краткая геологическая и петрофизическая характеристика изученных регионов, характеристика физических аномальных полей, рассматриваются связи аномалий с геологическими объектами, описывается методика изучения глубинного строения земной коры по данным гравиметрической и магнитной съемок, приводится описание мощностей и рельефа поверхностей слоев земной коры, соотношений слоев друг с другом и с аномалиями, а также с рельефом земной поверхности. Диализируются взаимосвязи особенностей структуры различных слоев земной коры с геологическим строением ее приповерхностных зон. На основе выявленных закономерных соотношений между глубинным строением земной коры, с одной стороны, типами геосинклинальных структур, режимом их развития и особенностями их генезиса — с другой, высказываются суждения о составе разных слоев коры и исследуется вопрос об их генезисе. Предлагается и обосновывается гипотеза зарождения и развития земной коры и составляющих ее слоев.
    Description / Table of Contents: The book gives a very brief geological and petrophysical description of the studied regions, a description of physical anomalous fields, considers the relationship of anomalies with geological objects, describes a methodology for studying the deep structure of the earth's crust based on gravimetric and magnetic survey data, describes the thicknesses and topography of the surfaces of the layers of the earth's crust, the ratios of the layers with each other and with anomalies, as well as with the relief of the earth's surface. Interrelations between the features of the structure of various layers of the earth's crust and the geological structure of its near-surface zones are dialyzed. On the basis of the revealed regular relationships between the deep structure of the earth's crust, on the one hand, the types of geosynclinal structures, the mode of their development, and the features of their genesis, on the other hand, judgments are made about the composition of different layers of the crust and the question of their genesis is investigated. The hypothesis of the origin and development of the earth's crust and its constituent layers is proposed and substantiated.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 205 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift
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  • 45
    Call number: AWI G3-23-95520
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 375 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift
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  • 46
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Moskva : Nauka
    Call number: AWI G3-97-0391
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 206 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
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  • 47
    Call number: AWI Bio-99-0271
    In: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species 〈Sweden, Norway, Denmark, East Fennoscandia and Iceland〉
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 68 S.
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Foreword. - Introduction. - Information concerning the Taxonomic Arrangement and the Origin of the Material Examined. - Notes on Keys and Descriptions. - Glossary. - List of Abbreviations. - Key to the Genera. - Cyperus. - Eriophorum. - Scirpus. - Blysmus. - Eleocharis. - Trichophorum. - Schoenus. - Cladium. - Rhynchospora. - Kobresia. - Carex. - References. - Index of Used Specimens. - Index of Species. - Explanation of Plates. - Plates 1—39. - Fold up Map of Simple Systematical Plane Shapes and Colour Chart.
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  • 48
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Melburne
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI G7-93-0348
    In: ANARE scientific reports
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 216 S. : graph. Darst. ; 24 cm
    Series Statement: ANARE scientific reports : Series A (IV), Glaciology 108
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  • 49
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York [u.a.] : Wiley
    Call number: AWI S3-93-0019
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVII, 603 S.
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