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  • Books  (325)
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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Totowa, NJ : Barnes & Noble
    Call number: AWI P7-86-0931
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VIII, 472 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 0389202983
    Language: English
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Oslo : Norsk Polarinst.
    Call number: AWI P6-09-0027
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 66 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Leipzig : Acad. of Sciences of the GDR, Central Inst. for Isotope and Radiation Research
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP 46290 / Mitte ; ZSP-980-51 ; ZSP-980-51(2. Ex.)
    In: ZfI-Mitteilungen ; 51, Nr. 51
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 140 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISSN: 0323-8776
    Series Statement: ZfI-Mitteilungen 51
    Note: Contents: Foreword. - Isotopes in Antarctic Research / K. Fröhlich, H. Schütze. - Deuterium variations in maritime atmospheric moisture / P. Kowski, G. Strauch, H. Schütze. - On the influence of degradation processes on the isotopic composition of Antarctic precipitations / R. Der. - Extractive method for obtaining gas inclusions from ice / G. Strauch, P. Kowski. - Global monitoring of atmospheric CO2: activities planned by the GDR in Antarctica / P. Harting, U. Wand. - Deuterium and 18O variations in lakes of the Schirmacher Oasis (East Antarctica) / W. Richter, G. Strauch. - Environmental studies in Antarctica on the basis of tritium and radiocarbon measurements / D. Herbert, K. Fröhlich. - Isotope variations of hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen in florae from the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica / G. Strauch, D. Haendel, I. Maaß, K. Mühle, A. Runge. - The ecology and chemistry of some Antarctic lichens / W. Richter, S. Huneck. - Another seal find in the Schirmacher Oasis (Queen Maud Land, Antarctica) / A. Hiller, W. Richter, R. Trettin. - Survey on hitherto published numbers of ZfI-Mitteilungen.
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 4
    Call number: ZSP-553-5
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 19 S.
    ISBN: 8717028736
    ISSN: 0106-1046
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 5
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Call number: ZSP-558-1
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: V, 104 S. : graph. Darst.
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Call number: ZSP-558-2
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IX, 505 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-558-5
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 188 S. : graph. Darst.
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-558-4
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 200 S. : graph. Darst.
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Call number: ZSP-697/C-26 ; MOP Per 434(26)
    In: Rezul'taty issledovanij po mezdunarodnym geofiziceskim proektam
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 107 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Rezul'taty issledovanij po mezdunarodnym geofiziceskim proektam : Meteorologiceskie issledovanija 26
    Note: Contents: The role of atmospheric circulation in the formation of air temperature anomalies on climatic scale in the Arctic / A. I. Voskresensky, A. A. Girs. - Some features of contemporary climatic variations in the Arctic / A. N. Lyubarsky, L. S. Petrov. - Structure of long-term variations of the snowless period in the Soviet Arctic / E. I. Aleksandrov, N. N. Briazgin, A. N. Lyubarsky. - Seasonal display of turbulent heat transfer in the Arctic Ocean / K. I. Chukanin. - Nature of causal relationship between the polar ice and the thermal conditions in the atmosphere / V. F. Zakharov. - Climate modelling and polar regions / A. I. Voskresensky, A. P. Nagurny. - Climatic change forecasting and polar regions / A. P. Nagurny. - Some features of the present evolution of the Arctic ice sheet / V. F. Zakharov, A. A. Kirillov. - Determination of the synchronous climate variation regions by the method of expansion in natural orthogonal functions (by example of the northern area of Ob' river basin) / E. I. Aleksandrov, N. N. Briazgin, A. N. Lyubarsky. - Climatic variations in the northern areas of Ob' and Yenisey river basins and in Karskoye more (Kara Sea) during the last decades / L. S. Petrov, V. V. Subbotin. , In kyrill. Schr.
    Location: AWI Reading room
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  • 10
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Oslo : Univ. Press [in Komm.]
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-597-154/C
    In: Geological map of Svalbard 1:500 000
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 1 Kt.
    Series Statement: Geological map of Svalbard 1:500 000 3G
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  • 11
    Call number: ZSP-597-177
    In: Skrifter
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 31 S.
    ISBN: 8290307187
    Series Statement: Skrifter / Norsk Polarinstitutt 177
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 12
    Call number: ZSP-329-11
    In: Glaciological data
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IX, 148 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Glaciological data : GD 11
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  • 13
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI P2-88-0760 (1)
    In: Antarctica and international law
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 703 S.
    ISBN: 0379203200
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  • 14
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI P2-88-0760 (2)
    In: Antarctica and international law
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 589 S.
    ISBN: 0379203219
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  • 15
    Call number: AWI P2-88-0760-3
    In: Antarctica and international law, Volume 3
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XI, 551 Seiten
    ISBN: 0379203325
    Language: English
    Note: Arrangement of Volume III: Part VIII Germany. - Part IX Federal Republic of Germany. - Part X Japan. - Part XI New Zealand. - Part XII Norway. - Part XIII Peru. - Part XIV Poland. - Part XV South Africa. - Part XVI Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. - Part XVII United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. - Part XVIII United States of America. - Part XIX Uruguay.
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  • 16
    Call number: ZSP-553-8
    In: Meddelelser om Grønland
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 392 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 8717029697
    Series Statement: Meddelelser om Grønland : Geoscience 8
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Call number: AWI P6-82-0001
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 45 S.
    Language: German
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 18
    Call number: ZSP-558-7 ; MOP 46209 / Mitte
    In: Middle atmosphere program
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 152 S.
    Language: English
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 19
    Call number: ZSP-597-176
    In: Skrifter
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 44 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    ISBN: 8290307179
    Series Statement: Skrifter / Norsk Polarinstitutt 176
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  • 20
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-595-1981
    In: Årbok
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 63 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 8290307225
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  • 21
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-204-86
    In: CRREL Technical Report
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: xi, 124 S. : Ill., zahlr. graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: CRREL Technical Report 86
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  • 22
    Call number: ZSP-204-95/1
    In: CRREL Technical Report
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 18 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: CRREL Technical Report 95, 1
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  • 23
    Call number: AWI P6-09-0022 ; ZSP-597-175 ; ZSP-597-175(2. Ex.) ; ZSP-597-175(3. Ex.)
    In: Skrifter
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 130 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. + 2 Kt.-Beil.
    ISBN: 8290307160
    Series Statement: Skrifter / Norsk Polarinstitutt 175
    Language: English
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 24
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Oslo : Univ. Press [in Komm.]
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-597-154/B
    In: Geological map of Svalbard 1:500 000
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 1 Kt.
    Series Statement: Geological map of Svalbard 1:500 000 2G
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  • 25
    Call number: ZSP-329-10
    In: Glaciological data
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: VII, 68 S. : Ill.
    Series Statement: Glaciological data : GD 10
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  • 26
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-164-62
    In: The geology of the South Orkney Islands
    Description / Table of Contents: Signy Island, the best known of the South Orkney Islands, is composed of a regionally metamorphosed sequence of marbles, para-amphibolites and quartz-mica-schists (the Basement Complex of probable Precambrian age), whose stratigraphical succession has been established by earlier workers. These rocks, which have undergone post-kinematic crystallization, belong to the albite-epidote-amphibolite facies, and they probably represent crystallization at a higher grade of metamorphism than the rocks situated to the north on Coronation Island; retrograde metamorphism is purely a local phenomenon. It is believed that these metamorphic rocks were originally sediments of epicontinental facies, i.e. quartzites, mudstones, marls and limestones, and that during metamorphism they underwent a sequence of vein mineralization which was both pre- and post- kinematic. In spite of the widespread veining, there is no conclusive evidence of igneous activity on Signy Island. Only one phase of crystallization is indicated by the rocks examined, although K-Ar age determinations have shown that a much later and more feeble orogeny, which released radiogenic argon, affected these rocks approximately 185±7 m.yr. ago. The metamorphic rocks of the South Orkney Islands are lithologically and petrologically comparable with those of the Elephant and Clarence Islands group, but they differ from the Basement Complex of the Antarctic Peninsula, where orthogneisses are present.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 30 S. : Ill., Kt.
    Series Statement: 62
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  • 27
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    London : Brit. Antarctic Survey
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-164-59
    In: Scientific reports
    Description / Table of Contents: The geology of the Oscar II Coast and the Seal Nunataks, which was mapped in the field on a scale of 1 : 100,000, is described. The oldest stratigraphic unit discovered in this area is the Trinity Peninsula Series, consisting of a great thickness of geosynclinal sediments which have been regionally metamorphosed and isoclinally folded about west-south-west to east-north-east axes. Jurassic sedimentary beds were deposited in hollows on an erosion surface cut across the highly folded Trinity Peninsula Series sediments. [...]
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 46 S., 12 Bl.
    Series Statement: Scientific reports / British Antarctic Survey 59
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  • 28
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-164-47
    In: The Geology of the South Shetland Islands
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 34, IV S. : Ill., Kt.
    Series Statement: 47
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  • 29
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New Brunswick [u.a.] : Rutgers Univ.
    Call number: AWI P8-08-0038
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 126 S. : Ill.
    Edition: Final Report
    Language: English
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  • 30
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI P2-88-0760 (4)
    In: Antarctica and international law
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 194 S.
    ISBN: 0379203243
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  • 31
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hannover : Schweizerbart
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 99.0054(41) ; ZSP-320(B,41)
    In: Geologisches Jahrbuch
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 276 S. + 1 Kt.-Beil.
    Series Statement: Geologisches Jahrbuch : Reihe B 41
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 32
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Stuttgart : Schweizerbart
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0068(23) ; ZSP-320(E,23)
    In: Geologisches Jahrbuch
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 294 S. + 2 Kt.-Beil.
    Series Statement: Geologisches Jahrbuch : Reihe E, Geophysik 23
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 33
    Call number: SR 90.0068(22) ; ZSP-320(E,22)
    In: Geologisches Jahrbuch
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 28 S.
    Series Statement: Geologisches Jahrbuch : Reihe E 22
    Language: German
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 34
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leipzig : Teubner
    Associated volumes
    Call number: 1.4/MR 90.0999/46 ; AWI E1-93-0326 ; MOP 44988 / Mitte
    In: Biographien hervorragender Naturwissenschaftler, Techniker und Mediziner
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 100 S.
    Edition: 2., erw. Aufl.
    Series Statement: Biographien hervorragender Naturwissenschaftler, Techniker und Mediziner 46
    Language: German
    Location: Reading room
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  • 35
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Berlin : Nationalkomitee für Geodäsie und Geophysik der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP Per 581(3/48) ; ZSP-319/C-48
    In: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 3, Physik der festen Erde, Heft 48
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 245 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISSN: 0435-6187
    Series Statement: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 3, Physik der festen Erde 48
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort Zusammenfassungen 1. Problemstellung 2. Terrestrische Refraktion in der Grenzschicht der Atmosphäre 2.1. Lichtausbreitung und Refraktionskoeffizient 2.2. Vertikales Temperaturprofil in der Grenzschicht der Atmosphäre 2.3. Meteorologische Prozesse in der Grenzschicht Antarktikas 2.4. Terrestrische Refraktion Und vertikales Temperaturprofil über polaren Schnee- und Eisflächen (Literaturübersicht) 3. Terrestrische Refraktion bei der trigonometrischen Höhenbestimmung 3.1. Formeln 3.2. Technische Realisierung 3.3. Meßprogramm 3.3.1. Lagemessungen 3.3.2. Streckenbestinunungen für die Refraktionsuntersuchungen 3.3.3. Höhenbestimmungen 3.3.3.1. Nivellements 3.3.3.2. Vertikale Eisbewegung 3.3.3.3. Höhenübertragung auf den Mast 3.3.3.4. Genauigkeit der Höhenbestimmung 3.3.4. Relief der Schneeoberfläche 3.3.5. Messung der Zenitwinkel 3.3.5.1. Beobachtungsprogramm 3.3.5.2. Anzahl der Beobachtungen 3.3.5.3. Dauer und Synchronität der Beobachtungen 3.3.6. Elektrooptische Streckenmessung 3.3.6.1. Meßprogramm 3.3.6.2. Gerätetechnische Parameter 3.4. Beobachtungsfehler 3.4.1. Mittlerer Fehler der Streckenmessung 3.4.2. Mittlere Beobachtungsfehler der Zenitwinkel 3.4.3. Mittlere Fehler des berechneten Höhenwinkels A0, B0 für RK = 0 auf Grund der Beobachtungsfehler 3.4.4. Mittlere Fehler der berechneten Refraktionswinkel und der Refraktionskoeffizienten auf den Endpunkten der Linien auf Grund der Beobachtungsfehler 3.4.5. Mittlere Fehler des Refraktionskoeffizienten RKM auf Grund der Beobachtungsfehler 3.5. Mittlere Refraktionskoeffizienten RKM 3.6. Refraktionskoeffizienten RKA und RKB der einzelnen Visuren 3.7. Differenz der Refraktionswinkel (Refraktionskoeffizienten) bei gegenseitigen gleichzeitigen Beobachtungen 3.8. Geschlossene Dreiecke 4. Thermische Struktur der eisnahen Luftschicht und terrestrische Refraktion 4.1. Meßprogramm und Datenverarbeitung 4.1.1. Geräte 4.1.2. Meßprogramm 4.1.3. Datenverarbeitung 4.2. Meteorologische Verhältnisse im Maßgebiet 4.2.1. Station Molodeznaja 4.2.2. Meßfeld (Punkte 1 - 3)· 4.3. Vertikales Temperaturprofil in der Schicht 0 - 6 m über dem Inlandeis 4.3.1. Form der Temperaturprofile 4.3.2. Ausgewählte Tagesgänge der vertikalen Temperaturgradienten 4.3.3. Statistische Analyse der Temperaturgradienten 4.3.3.1. Empirische Verteilungsfunktionen 4.3.3.2. Mittlerer Jahres- und Tagesgang 4.3.3.3. Räumliche Unterschiede bei gleichzeitigen Messungen 4.3.4. Korrelation mit meteorologischen Parametern 4.3.5. Berechnung von integralen Temperaturgradienten aus wirksamen Refraktionskoeffizienten 4.4. Berechnung von lokalen Refraktionskoeffizienten aus dem vertikalen Temperaturprofil 4.4.1. Ausgewählte Tagesgänge der lokalen Refraktionskoeffizienten 4.4.2. Statistische Analyse der lokalen Refraktionskoeffizienten 4.4.2.1. Empirische Verteilungsfunktionen 4.4.2.2. Mittlerer Jahres- und Tagesgang 4.4.3. Korrelation mit meteorologischen Parametern 4.5. Vergleich zwischen geodätischen und lokalen meteorologischen Refraktionskoeffizienten 4.6. Multiple Regression zwischen dem wirksamen Refraktionskoeffizient und meteorologischen Parametern 4.6.1. Schätzung des wirksamen Refraktionskoeffizienten 4.6.2. Schätzung der Differenz des wirksamen Refraktionskoeffizienten von Stand- und Zielpunkt 4.7. Näherungsweise Lösung des FEARNLEY-Integrals und Korrelation mit geodätischen Refraktionskoeffizienten 4.7.1. Beschreibung des Rechenverfahrens 4.7.2. Vergleich zwischen RK und RP, RM, RF und RJ 4.7.3. Übersicht über die relativen Abweichungen 4.8. Abhängigkeit der Differenz der Refraktionswinkel bei gleichzeitigen gegenseitigen Beobachtungen von meteorologischen Elementen 5. Schlußbemerkungen 6. Literaturverzeichnis
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  • 36
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Lunar and Planetary Institute
    Call number: AWI G9-85-0832
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 9 S. : 23 cm
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  • 37
    Call number: MOP Per 581 ; MOP Per 581(1/8) ; ZSP-319/A-1(Sonderheft) ; ZSP-319/A-1(Sonderheft, 2. Ex.)
    In: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 1, Heft 8, Sonderheft 1
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 107 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: Sonderheft des NKSCAR der DDR
    Series Statement: Geodätische und geophysikalische Veröffentlichungen : Reihe 1 8
    Language: German , English
    Note: Inhalt: I. Zoologische Untersuchungen im Gebiet der sowjetischen Antarktisstation "Bellinghausen" / R. BANNASCH und K. ODENING. - II. Deuterium- und 18O-Variationen in Seen der Schirmacher-Oase (Ostantarktika) / W. RICHTER und G. STRAUCH. - III. Stable isotope investigations in Antarctica / H. SCHÜTZE, G. STRAUCH, K. WETZEL. - IV. The influence of degradation processes on the isotopic composition of Antarctic precipitation / R. DER. - V. Sommerliche Eisvariationen in der Olaf-Prydz-Bucht / H. GERNANDT. - VI. Zur Geologie des nördlichen Teils des Neptune Range / Pensacola-Gebirges (Antarktika) / W. WEBER und L. V. FEDOROV. - VII. Beobachtungen am Krill (Euphausia superba DANA) im atlantischen Sektor der Antarktis in der Sommersaison 1978 und 1979 / S. HOLZLÖHNER. - VIII. Forschungsreise eines Zubringertrawlers in die Antarktis / G. GUBSCH und U. HOFFMANN.
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  • 38
    Call number: G3-97-0390 (VERLUST)
    Pages: 192 S. : graph. Darst.
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  • 39
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Frunze : "Kyrgyzstan"
    Call number: AWI E3-84-0807
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 200 Seiten , Illustrationen , 21 cm
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift
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  • 40
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Berlin : Akademie-Verlag
    Call number: O 3364/2 ; 1.2/WE 42 ; 6664 ; 1.2/WE 44 ; AWI S5-98-0234 ; AWI S5-17-49878
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XII, 508 Seiten , 30 cm
    Language: German , Russian
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  • 41
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    Series available for loan
    Hannover : Schweizerbart
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0068(24) ; ZSP-320(E,24)
    In: Geologisches Jahrbuch
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 13 S. + 1 Beil.
    Series Statement: Geologisches Jahrbuch : Reihe E 24
    Language: German
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  • 42
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hannover : Schweizerbart
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0068(21) ; ZSP-320(E,21)
    In: Geologisches Jahrbuch
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 55 S.
    Series Statement: Geologisches Jahrbuch : Reihe E 21
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 43
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leipzig : Brockhaus
    Call number: G 8204 ; AWI E3-83-0644
    Description / Table of Contents: Siebenundzwanzig Antarktisfahrer hat Herausgeber Gert Lange um ihre Erlebnisberichte gebeten. Die Forscher - es sind Vertreter der verschiedensten Fachrichtungen, wie Geodäsie, Strahlungsmessung, Ionosphärenuntersuchung, Glaziologie, Geologie, Meteorologie, Zoologie - erläutern in allgemein-verständlicher Form ihre wissenschaftlichen Aufgaben und Ergebnisse, schildern ebenso gefahrenvolle wie absonderliche Begebenheiten und beeindruckende Naturerscheinungen. So erlebte zum Beispiel Dr. Klaus Dreßler, Teilnehmer der 17. SAE, eine besonders schöne Fata Morgana: "... Auf der Gegenstation in 1,2km Entfernung erschien hoch über unserem Kettenfahrzeug eine große Flagge oder Rauchfahne, die sich nach unten ausdehnte, bis das Fahrzeug plötzlich dreifach überhöht erschien. Ebenso alle anderen Gegenstände. Durchs Fernrohr sah ich Artur ein zweites Mal über sich selbst, aber auf dem Kopfe stehend und mitunter so lang gestreckt wie in einem Zerrspiegel ... Gegenstände, sonst nicht sichtbar, kamen über dem Horizont zum Vorschein. Besonders schön: die roten und schwarzen Tafeln der Landebahnmarkierung. Sie waren sonst hinter einem Schneerücken verborgen, jetzt tauchten sie in ihrer normalen Grüße etwas zehn Meter über der Oberfläche auf. Dann verwandelten sie ich in schlanke Säulen. Der eigenartigste Effekt war, daß die Traktoren, Bulldozer und anderen Geräte für die Flugplatzunterhaltung, sonst in derselben Entfernung deutlich sichtbar, zeitweise ganz verschwanden. Alle diese Erscheinungen wechselten langsam innerhalb von ein bis fünf Minuten..." Derartige, auf Grund besonders starker Ablenkung des Lichtes in der Antarktis vorkommende Erscheinungen beeinträchtigen natürlich die Meßarbeiten, ebenso wie tiefe Temperaturen und häufige Schneestürme sehr hinderlich für topographische und andere Arbeiten sind. Seit 1959 überwinterten mehr als siebzig DDR-Wissenschaftler im Rahmen der SAE (Sowjetische Antarktisexpeditionen) auf dem weißen Kontinent, der mit seinen Schönheiten und Widrigkeiten von Mensch und Maschie immer wieder Bewährung in schwierigen Situationen verlangt.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 218 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort 5. SAE Gefangene der Insel / Günter Skeib 6. SAE Hauptobservatorium Mirny / Stephan Klemm Auf Empfangsstation an der Prawda-Küste / Peter Glöde 7. SAE Ein ganz unnormaler schöner Tag / Joachim England 8. SAE Südliche Sterne im Fadenkreuz / Joachim Liebert Das Inferno / Günter Leonhardt 10. SAE Schwereanschlußmessung Potsdam-Mirny / Claus Elstner Unterwegs auf dem Inlandeis / Tankred Schmidt 13. SAE Wie die ersten Bilder entstanden / Peter Glöde Antarktika aus kosmischer Sicht / Hartwig Gernandt, Joachim Hofmann 14. SAE Wostok - ein Jahr im Inneren des Kontinents / M. Manfred Schneider Nachts, wenn der Himmel leuchtet / Hans Driescher 17. SAE Das Lager am Abendberg / Reinhard Dietrich 8000 Kilometer über Eis und Schnee / Artur Zielke Kreuz und quer über die Berge der Freundschaft / Klaus Dreßler Helikopter-Sprünge / Siegfried Meier 19. SAE Das Hüttendreieck auf dem Inlandeis / Georg Dittrich Temperaturprofile im Gletscherwind / Alfred Helbig An den Nunatakkern der Prinz-Charles-Berge / Joachim Hofmann 20. SAE Beobachtungen eines Arztes / Georg Schrader 21. SAE Ein Observatorium entsteht / Hartwig Gernandt Radionuklide in Antarktika / Detlef Hebert 22. SAE Als Geologe in den Read Mountains / Hans-Jürgen Paech 23. SAE Im Spaltennetz des Hays-Gletschers / Rainer Hoyer Der Marsch durch die Oase / Gerhard Strauch 24. SAE Expeditionsglück, Expeditionsleid / Klaus Peukert 25. SAE Warum Robben und Pinguine gezählt werden / Klaus Odening Auf in neue unbekannte Gebiete / Werner Passehl 26. SAE Aus der Werkstatt der Expeditionen / Bodo Tripphan Die Antarktis im Licht der Weltpolitik / M. Manfred Schneider Register
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  • 44
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leipzig : Dt. Verl. für Grundstoffindustrie
    Call number: 13150 ; AWI G1-93-0026
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 198 S. : 105 Ill. (z.T. farb.), graph. Darst. und Kt. + 1 Beil.
    Edition: 7., durchges. Aufl.
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  • 45
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Ottawa : Geological Survey of Canada
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0007(317) ; AWI G6-06-0042
    In: Bulletin
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 49 S. + 4 pl.
    ISBN: 066010637X
    Series Statement: Bulletin / Geological Survey of Canada 317
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Call number: SR 99.0015(371) ; ZSP-292-371
    In: Freiberger Forschungshefte, 371
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 117 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    ISSN: 0071-9404
    Series Statement: Freiberger Forschungshefte : C 371 : Geowissenschaften - Geologie
    Language: German
    Note: Enthält 3 Beiträge , Inhaltsverzeichnis: Annotation Tektonische Untersuchungen in den Herbert Mountains (Shackleton Range, Antarktika) / Joachim Hofmann Beitrag zur Geologie des Pensacola-Gebirges (Antarktika) / Wolfgang Weber Tektonische Untersuchungen in der Patuxent-Formation der Schmidt Hills (Pensacola Mts. (Antarktika)) / Joachim Hofmann und V. V. Samsonov
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  • 47
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Stuttgart : Enke
    Call number: G 5665 ; AWI G9-98-0230
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VIII, 282 S.
    Uniform Title: Geochemistry of sediments
    Language: German
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  • 48
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    Series available for loan
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-168-1
    In: Berichte zur Polarforschung
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 50 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 1
    Language: German
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  • 49
    Call number: ZSP-697/B-26
    In: Rezul'taty issledovanij po meždunarodnym geofizičeskim proektam
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: The theory of icings in the system of geosciences / N. I. Tolstikhin. - Problems of methodology in the study of icings / B. L. Sokolov. - Conditions for the appearance of ice on the "solid body-water" boundary / V. N. Golubev. - Heat exchange during water freezing on ice basis / V. R. Alekseiev, G. I. Smorygin. - Study of water freezing on the ice surface / A. P. Kazakov. - Problems of theory of droplet water freezing / G. I. Smorygin. - Experimental research of spray icing in laboratory / V. V. Baranov. - On calculation of pressure generated in the process of ice formation in iced mounds / A. I. Pekhovich, Ye. L. Razgovorova. - Regularities in the formation of the structure of icings on the solid bodies / V. N. Golubev. - Formation of artificial ice coating with loose structure over ice / G. I. Smorygin. - On the mechanism of formation of icings on rivers / A. N. Chizhov. - Effect of permafrost on heat release and distribution of filtration current level / Yu. G. Yefimov, A. B. Sotnikov. - Peculiarities of heat balance of the Pamirs icings and possibilities of their application to enlarge summer river discharge / I. M. Lebedeva
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 107 S.
    Series Statement: Rezul'taty issledovanij po meždunarodnym geofizičeskim proektam : Gljaciologičeskie issledovanija 26
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  • 50
    Call number: AWI P9-83-1080
    In: Prace naukowe Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 191 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    ISBN: 83-00-00355-X
    Series Statement: Prace naukowe Uniwersytetu Śląskiego 543
    Language: Polish
    Note: Contents: Preface: Scientific activity of the Silesian University in the polar regions in 1977-1980. - PAPERS. - Ablation by calving and 20th century recession of glaciers in the Hornsund area (Spitsbergen). Preliminary results / Jacek Jania. - The occurence and origin of coarse crystalline calcite in the carbonate massiffs of Sørkappland (South Spitsbergen) / Łukasz Karwowski, Andrzej Kozik. - Surface run-off dynamics of the basin of the Nordfall Glacier steam (South Spitsbergen) / Jan Leszkiewicz. - Karst springs at the foot of Rasstupet wall in the South Spitsbergen in the investigations from 1978 / Jan Leszkiewicz. - Aeolian activity in the Gås Bay region (South Spitsbergen) / Tadeusz Szczypek. - Geomorphological activity of flowing waters on the Kaffiöyra plain (Spitsbergen) / Kazimierz Sendobry. - Preliminary characteristics of the basins in the vicinity of Henryk Arctowski Station on King George Island (South Shetlands) / Andrzej Kozik. - SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENTATION. - Meteorological investigations in South Spitsbergen in the summer of 1978. Specification / Andrzej Kaminski. - Meteorological materials collected in South Spitsbergen in the summer of 1979. Specification / Andrzej Kaminski. - Preliminary results of hydrological and hydrochemical investigations in Fugleberget basin (SW Spitsbergen) / Wiesława Krawczyk, Marian Pulina. - Karst springs at the foot of the Rasstupet wall. Specification of 1978-1979 / Jan Leszkiewicz, Jerzy Wach, Jan Waga. - Scientific publications from the polar expeditions of the Silesian University. , In polnischer Sprache , Zusammenfassung in englischer und russischer Sprache
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  • 51
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    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/43
    In: CRREL Report, 82-43
    Description / Table of Contents: The radar signatures of ice wedges and wedge-like structures have been investigated for a variety of soil conditions. The radar used for this study emitted short sinusoidal pulses of about 10-ns duration with an approximate center frequency of 150 MHz. Most of the ice wedges existed at depths of about 1 m in a variety of silty and sandy soils with both frozen and thawed active layers. The position of the wedges was usually identified from corresponding surface features. An artificial ice wedge in coarse-grained alluvium was also profiled as well as wedge-like structures of fine silt in a coarse-grained glacial outwash. All wedges and wedge-like structures produced a hyperbolic reflection profile except when an active layer of thawed, saturated silt was present which eliminated returns from the wedges. The peaks of the hyper-bolas were sometimes masked by reflections from the permafrost table or other material interfaces, and multiple hyperbolas occurred at some sites. The dielectric constant of the host medium was often calculated from the linear portions of the hyperbolas and the results were verified by laboratory time domain reflectometry measurements per-formed on field samples. In some cases, hyperbolic profiles originated at several meters depth suggesting that deep ice wedges could be detected in areas of cold permafrost.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 19 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-43
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Background Objectives and procedures Equipment used Radar TDR Definitions Massive ice Results Artificial wedge: Norwich, Vermont Ice wedges in sand: Fish Creek, Alaska Ice wedges: Prudhoe Bay, Alaska Ice wedges under thawed fine-grained soils: North Slope, Alaska Wedge-like soil structures: Ft. Greely, Alaska TDR measurements Summary and concluding remarks Literature cited Appendix A: Brief discussion of dispersion
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  • 52
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
    Call number: AWI G2-18-91886
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VIII, Seiten [768-940] , Illustrationen
    Edition: Nachdruck
    ISBN: 3110072815
    Language: German
    Note: Inhalt: 8. Meereis. - Phänomene, Genese und Morphologie. - Zur Erforschung des Meereises. - Das Meereis als komplexe Erscheinung. - Das Meereis als Substrat. - Eisbildung und Gefriervorgänge. - Eisbildung auf dem Meere und Struktur der Meereisdecke. - Eisnomenklatur. - Formen des Meereises und Definitionen (Klassifikation). - Ejsbildungsphänomene an der oberen Grenzschicht des Meeres. - Schiffsvereisung, eine Erscheinung der Grenzschicht Hydrosphäre - Atmosphäre (Ozean - Luft). - Meereis an Küsten. - Eisbildung am Strand. - Eis und Eisbildung auf Watten. - Eisbildung an Steilküsten. - Das Meereis des Nordpolarmeeres und seiner Randmeere. - Zur Erforschung des Nordpolarmeeres und des polaren Meereises. - Nansen's Drift mit der „Fram" im Nordpolarmeer. - Die Driftbewegungen des arktischen Meereises des Nordpolarmeeres mit seinen Randmeeren. - Die Dynamik des Meereises im Nordpolarmeer nach Drifteis-Stationen. - Die jahreszeitliche Schwankung der Eisbedeckung des Nordpolarmeeres. - Form des Meeresbodens des Nordpolarmeeres. - Bilanz und Wassermassenaustausch des Nordpolarmeeres mit dem Atlantischen und Pazifischen Ozean. - Die Vereisung des Nordpolarmeeres und seiner Randmeere in ihrem Zusammenhang mit dem Wasserhaushalt. - Anthropogene Eingriffe und Projekte zur Veränderung der polaren Umwelt. - Eis des Meeres als Hindernis für den Seeverkehr. - Das Eis als besondere Grenzschicht des Meeres für die Schiffahrt. - Die Nordostpassage, arktischer Seeweg zwischen Atlantischem und Pazifischem Ozean innerhalb des eurasischen Kontinents: der sibirische Seeweg. - Der sibirische Seeweg. - Die Nordwestpassage - arktische Seeverbindung zwischen Atlantischem und Pazifischem Ozean um den nordamerikanischen Kontinent. - Erdöl in den Randmeeren des Nordpolarmeeres: Transportproblem und Ausbeute. - Umweltbedingungen und Nutzung der arktischen Region. - Meereis im Nordatlantischen Ozean und Nebenmeeren. - Eisberge im Nordatlantischen Ozean und Eis um Grönland. - Eiserkundung mit Luft- und Satellitenbildern. - Die Vereisung der Ostsee. - Zur Vereisung von Nebenmeeren in Nordamerika. - Das Meereis im Jahreshaushalt. - Wirkung und Mechanismus von Flußsystemen auf Wasser und Eis des Nordpolarmeeres. - Eisbedeckung des Nordpolarmeeres und Klimaschwankungen. - Das Meereis der Antarktis. - Zur Erforschung des Meereises um die Antarktis. - Die Eisschelfe: Größe, Form, Entstehung, Haushalt. - Eisberge der Antarktis. - Packeis der antarktischen Meeresregionen. - Eisgrenzen und Wassermassen des Südpolarmeeres. - Das Meereis, besonders der Antarktis, als klimatischer Faktor. - Die Polkappen der Erde im Satellitenbild. - Nachtrag (Ergänzung). - Mehrjährige Variation der antarktischen Meereisbedeckung (Südpolarregion). - Antarktischer Meereisaufbruch im Satellitenbild. - Die Eiskappe der Antarktis. - Der Meeresboden des Südpolarmeeres in bathymetnschen Profilen. - Rechtsverhältnisse der Antarktis und des südlichen Polarmeers. - Zur gegenwärtigen Polarforschung der BRD. - Polarexpeditionen der BRD. - Zu den Rechtsverhältnissen im Nordpolarmeer. - Das Polarmeer in morphographischer Darstellung. - Dynamik von Packeisfeldern (Ergänzung). - Literatur. - Institutionen zur Polarforschung. - Eisschlüssel und Eissymbole. - Sachregister.
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  • 53
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New Delhi : Amerind Publishing
    Call number: AWI G2-18-91897
    Description / Table of Contents: This publication is concerned with problems of the origin, evolution and paleogeography of the Arctic Ocean and its coast during the Tertiary and Quaternary periods. Much emphasis is placed on the evolution of modern Arctic flora and fauna, both terrestrial and aquatic. All these problems are discussed on the basis of hydrological, paleontological, biogeographical, climatological and archaeological data presented at the AII-Union symposium held in Leningrad during April 1-6, 1968. This is a unique encyclopedia on the Arctic. lt will be of interest to many research workers - geographers, geologists, biologists, hydrologists and all who deal with problems of the geological history and paleogeography of the Northern Hemisphere.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIV, 564 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Uniform Title: Severnyi Ledovityi Okean i Ego Poberezh'e v Kainozoe
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: PREFACE. - SECTION I. HISTORY OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN IN THE CENOZOIC ERA. - Linear and Areal Morphostructures of the Arctic Ocean Floor / V. D. Dibner. - Fluctuations in Arctic Climate as Revealed by Floor Sediment Analysis / N. A. Belov, N. N. Lapina. - Stratification and Rate of Accumulation of Floor Sediments of the Soviet Arctic Seas / N. N. Kulikov, N. N. Lapina, Yu. P. Semenov, N. A. Belov, M. A. Spiridonov. - Palynologic Study of Kara Sea Floor Sediment Cores / N. N. Kulikov, R. M. Khitrova. - Geologic Structure of the Glacial Shelves of the Atlantic Province of the Arctic Basin / M. A. Spiridonov. - Stratigraphy and Paleogeography of Spitsbergen in the Pleistocene / Yu. A. Lavrushin. - Role of Glaciers in Franz Josef Land Relief Formation / V. L. Sukhodrovskii. - Reconstruction of the Late- and Post-Pleistocene Arctic Basin Ice Sheet / P. M. Borisov. - Changes in the Arctic Basin since the Last Glaciation Maximum / D. P. Chizhov. - SECTION II. ARCTIC FLORA AND FAUNA AND THE HISTORY OF THEIR FORMATION. - Some Problems of Study of the Early Cenophytic Arctic Flora / L. Yu. Budantsev. - Arctic Flora and Its Historical Link with the Arctic Ocean / A. I. Tolmachev, B. A. Yurtsev. - Wide Fluctuations in Ocean Level in the Quaternary period and Their Influence on the Arctic Ocean Basin and its biological community / G. U. Lindberg. - Fresh Data on the Food of the Siberian Woolly Rhinoceros / V. E. Garutt, E. P. Meteltseva, B. A. Tikhomirov. - Characteristics of the Arctic Ocean Fauna and their significance for understanding the History of its formation / E. F. Guryanova. - Formation of macroscopic marine algal flora of the Arctic Basin / A. D. Zinova, Yu. E. Petrov. - The Concept of the Arctic origin of Pinnipeds and other solutions of this problem / K. K. Chapskii. - Ecological Adaptations of Pinnipeds in the Atlantic Province of the Polar Basin / V. A. Potelov, Yu. K. Timoshenko. - A General Review of th PIeistocene Marine Faunas of the Northern Coast of Eurasia / S. L. Troitskii. - History of the Evolution of Marine Mollusk Fauna of the Late Cenozoic Atlantic Arctic / V. S. Zarkhidze. - Late Cenozoic History of Foraminifera of the Pechora Lowland and Northern West Siberia / O. F. Baranovskaya, V. Ya. Slobodin. - Species composition of Modern Foraminifera as an Indication of the Arctic Sea's hydrological regime / S. V. Tamanova. - SECTION Ill. PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHERN TERRITORIES IN THE LATE CENOZOIC ERA. - Paleogeography of Northern USSR and contiguous areas of the Arctic Basin / G. S. Ganeshin. - North Eurasia in the Late Cenozoic Era / Yu. P. Degtyarenko, V. V. Zhukov, N. G. Zagorskaya, O. A. Ivanov, V. I. Kaiyalainen, Yu. N. Kulakov, A. P. Puminov, V. Ya. Slobodin, O. V. Suzdalskii. - On the History of the Migration of the Arctic Basin Shoreline in the Cenozoic Era / S. A. Strelkov. - Causes of Fluctuations in the Arctic Basin Level in the Neogene-Quaternary Period / J. L. Kuzin. - Spore-Pollen Analysis of Late Cenozoic Marine Sediments in the Reconstruction of the Paleogeography of the Arctic Coasts / N. G. Zagorskaya, F. M. Levina. - Forest Line Migration in North Asia in the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene (Based on Spore-Pollen Analysis) / R. E. Giterman, L. V. Golubeva, E. V. Koreneva, L. A. Skiba. - Holocene Transgressions and Variations in the Northern Coastline of the Kola Peninsula / B. I. Koshechkin, A. L. Kudlaeva. - Interpretation of Radiocarbon Datings of the Absolute Age of Organic Residues from the Upper Anthropogene Deposits of Fennoscandia / V. G. Chuvardinskii. - Structure and Stratigraphic Division of White Sea Bottom Deposits / V. S. Medvedev, E. N. Nevesskii, L. I. Govberg, E. S. Malyasova, R. N. Dzhinoridze, E. A. Kirienko. - Principal Stages in the History of the Vegetation of the Dvina Bay Coast of the White Sea during the Late- and Postglacial Transgression / E. S. Pleshivtseva. - Quaternary Transgressions in the Northern Russian Plain and Their Relationship with Continental Glaciations / E. N. Bylinskii. - Anthropogene Deposit-Forming Environments on Kolguev Island / O. F. Baranovskaya, T. A. Matveeva. - Cenozoic History of the Northern Coast of Europe / V. S. Zarkhidze. - Stages of Formation of the Southern Part of the Arctic Basin in Timan-Pechora Province in the Late Cenozoic Era / O. F. Baranovskaya, P. N. Safronov, G. N. Berdovskaya. - Pliocene-Pleistocene History of the Pechora Basin / V. L. Yakhimovich. - Paleogeography and Origin of Cenozoic Rocks in Soviet Europe as Revealed by Hydrochemical Data / V. D. Bezrodnov. - Study of Paleogeography and Neotectonics of Some Regions of the European Northeast by Coal Petrography / Yu. V. Stepanov. - History of the Formation of Arctic Shelf Foraminifer Fauna (Based on Data on the Timan-Ural Region) / I. N. Semenov. - Evolution of Pleistocene Marine Diatom Flora in the Northeast of Soviet Europe / E. I. Loseva. - Quaternary Deposits of the Middle Pechora and Vychegda River Basins / A. S. Lavrov. - Late Pleistocene Terraces in the Northeast of Soviet Europe and the Environments in which They were Formed / L. M. Potapenko, A. S. Lavrov. - Key Sections of the Lower Pechora and Their Importance for an Understanding of the Last Stages of the Geological Evolution of Northeastern Soviet Europe / V. S. Zarkhidze, I. I. Krasnov, M. A. Spiridonov, Yu. A. Lavrushin, I. I. Ryumina. - Siberian Elements in the Flora of the Far Northeast of Europe and Their Origin / O. V. Rebristaya. - Some Geographical Relationships of Ural Floras and Their Importance for Paleogeography / K. N. lgoshina. - Ostracod Complexes from the Late Cenozoic Marine Deposits of Northern Soviet Europe and West Siberia and Their Importance for Paleogeography / O. M. Lev. - Paleogeography of the Northern West Siberian Lowland and Russian Plain in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene / M. G. Kipiani, A. D. Kolbutov. - Mammals and Landscapes of the Northern Urals in the Late Anthropogene / I. E. Kuzmina. - Pleistocene Transgressions in Northern West Siberia and the Pechora Lowland / I. D. Danilov. - Salient Paleogeographic Features of the Pechora Lowland and Lower Ob Basin in the Neogene Epoch / P. P. Generalov, I. L. Kuzin, I. L. Zaionts, R. B. Krapivner. - Some Problems of the Quaternary Geology of Northern Soviet Europe and West Siberia / A. G. Kostyaev. - Northern West Siberia in the Pliocene and Pleistocene / O. V. Suzdalskii. - Boreal Transgressions and the Origin of Subsurface Sheet Ice Deposits / B. I. Vtyurin. - Dependence of Certain Types of Subsurface Glaciation in West Siberia on the Peculiarities of the Polar Sea / A .I. Popov. - History of Subsurface Freezing in West Siberia in the Light of Transgression of the Arctic Basin / V. V. Baulin. - New Data on the History of the Evolution of the Pre-Kazantseva and Kazantseva Vegetation in the Muzhi Urals and Southern Yamal (Based on Palynological Data) / E. E. Gurtovaya. - New Data on the Distribution of Recent Marine Deposits in West Siberia / I. L. Zaionts, Z. I. Kholodova. - Pleistocene Diatom Floras of the Yenisei North / Z. V. Aleshinskaya. - Some Upper Cenozoic Stratotypes of the Ust-Yenisei Depression / V. Ya. Slobodin. - Transgressions of the Arctic Basin and Evolution of the Yenisei North in the Pleistocene (Absolute Chronology of Events by 14C Dating) / N. V. Kind, L. D. Sulerzhitskii. - Kargin Diatoms from the Key Section of the Lower Yenisei / N. A. Khalfina. - Spread of Late Cenozoic Transgressions of the Arctic Basin in the Northwestern Central Siberian Tableland / V. D. Kryukov, V. V. Rogozhin. - Paleogeography of Northeastern Taimyr in the Quaternary Period (Based on Geological and Palynological Data) / G. N. Berdovskaya, N. A. Gei, V. M. Makeev. - Emergence and Development of Pleistocene Landscapes in the Eastern North Siberian Lowland / V. V. Zhukov, N. A. Pervuninskaya, L. Ya. Pinchuk. - History of Relief Formation in the Eastern North Siberian Lowland and the Adjoi
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  • 54
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Leipzig : Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Zentralinstitut für Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-980-46
    In: ZfI-Mitteilungen, Nr. 46
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 134 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: ZfI-Mitteilungen 46
    Language: German
    Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Nichtkonstante relative Atommassen als Folge variierender Isotopenhäufigkeiten polynuklider Elemente und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Richtigkeit analytischer Meßwerte bei der Elementanalytik / H. Gerstenberger. - Massenspektrographische Analyse an Standardgesteinsproben / H.-J. Dietze. - Methodische Untersuchungen zur massenspektrographischen Analyse an geologischen Proben mit relativ hohen Seltenerdengehalten / S. Becker, H.-J. Dietze. - Massenspektrographische Analyse von Calciumfluorid-Einkristallen / H.-J. Dietze, H. Zahn. - Gammaaktivierungsanalyse am Mikrotron MT 22 : analytische Möglichkeiten für geologische Proben und Rohsilizium, Bestimmung von Blei / M. Geisler, H. Gerstenberger. - Zur Korrektur von Inhomogenitäten des Reaktorneutronenflusses bei der Aktivierungsanalyse / M. Geisler, H. Schelhorn. - Instrumentelle Aktivierungsanalyse von Molybdäniten / M. Geisler, H. Schelhorn. - Bestimmung von Osmium in Molybdäniten / H. Schelhorn, M. Geisler. - Instrumentelle Aktivierungsanalyse von Flugstaub / M. Geisler. - Aktivierungsanalytische Kontrolle von Spurenelementen bei der Gallium-Diffusion in Silizium / M. Geisler. - Übersicht über bisher erschienene Hefte der ZfI-Mitteilungen.
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  • 55
    Call number: ZSP-SCAR-570-4
    In: National Antarctic Research Report to SCAR, No. 4
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 24 Seiten
    ISSN: 0179-0072
    Series Statement: National Antarctic Research Report to SCAR 4
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 81-October 82. - II. Planned Activities, October 82-October 83. - References.
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  • 56
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/40
    In: CRREL Report, 82-40
    Description / Table of Contents: The use of explosives to break floating ice sheets is described, and test data are used to develop design curves that predict explosives effects as ice thickness, charge size, and charge depth vary. Application of the curves to practical problems is illustrated by numerical examples. The general features of underwater explosions are reviewed and related to ice blasting. Quasi-static plate theory is considered, and is judged to be inapplicable to explosive cratering of ice plates. The specific energy for optimized ice blasting is found to compare quite favorably with the specific energy of icebreaking ships. All available field data for ice blasting are tabulated in appendices, together with details of the re­gression analyses from which the design curves are generated.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 68 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-40
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction General behavior of underwater explosions Regression analysis for ice-blasting data General features of the regression curves Use of the regression curves as design curves for ice blasting Row charges and pattern charges Response of floating ice sheets to underwater explosions Specific energy and “powder factor” Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Basic data on ice blasting Appendix B: Scaled input data Appendix C: Initial regression analysis using complete polynomial Appendix D: Regression analysis with two coefficients of the original poly­nomial deleted
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  • 57
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/19
    In: CRREL Report, 82-19
    Description / Table of Contents: Under proper design and management, a forest ecosystem in the central United States should renovate municipal wastewater as long or longer than conventional agricultural systems, especially when design limitations are hydraulic loading rate, heavy metals, P and N. Forest systems require smaller buffer zones than agricultural systems and lower sprinkler pressures. Immature forests are better wastewater renovators than mature forests.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 22 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-19
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Forest systems design Pretreatment Distribution systems Public health considerations Buffer zone requirements Toxic effects Public access Hydraulic loading Nutrient uptake and loading Introduction Nitrogen Phosphorus Trace metals Design considerations Hydraulic loading rates Nitrogen loading rates Forest management options Reforestation Existing forest ecosystems Short term rotation plantations Potential long term effects on forest ecosystems Longevity of forest systems Consequences of overloading Soil chemical, physical and hydrologic properties Productivity Summary Literature cited
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  • 58
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/15
    In: CRREL Report, 82-15
    Description / Table of Contents: An experiment is described that demonstrates the balance between the ice and the unfrozen water in a frozen soil as water is removed. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is used to monitor the unfrozen water content as the soil is dehydrated by a molecular sieve material. Our results show that the unfrozen water content of a Morin clay soil remains constant until the total water content has been reduced to the point where no ice remains in the system. Once the ice is depleted, the unfrozen water content determined by NMR corresponds to the total water content of the soil determined by the weight of water removed by the molecular sieve material. Thus the validity of utilizing NMR in determining unfrozen water contents vs temperature is established.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 8 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-15
    Language: English
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  • 59
    Call number: AWI A3-20-93434
    In: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin, Band XXXII, Heft 1
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 121 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Meteorologische Abhandlungen / Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik der Freien Universität Berlin 32,1
    Language: German
    Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG
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  • 60
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    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/17
    In: CRREL Report, 82-17
    Description / Table of Contents: Seismic P and SH wave refraction experiments at the NATO RSG-11 test site in Munster Nord, Federal Republic of Germany, reveal the presence of a nearly horizontal, three-layer velocity structure. The upper layer, composed of un­consolidated glacial till, is 1 m thick and has P (compressional) and SH (shear-horizontal) wave velocities of 240 and 165 m s-1. The second layer, made up of similar, more compacted material, is 9.5 m thick, with a P wave velocity of 470 m s-1 and an SH wave velocity of 275 m s-1. The third layer, interpreted as the groundwater table, is located at a depth of 10.5 m and has a P wave velocity of 1590 m s-1. The SH wave velocity of this layer is controlled by the matrix material and is the same as that of the second layer. A single, unreversed observation indicated a fourth layer at a depth of about 20 m, but the existence of this layer remains unconfirmed. The observed fundamental mode Love wave dispersion is in agreement with the theoretical dispersion predicted by the refraction velocities. Computed partial derivatives of phase velocity with respect to shear wave velocity show, for the frequencies observed, that the dispersion confirms the thicknesses and velocities of the two upper layers and is not affected by the deeper structure.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 33 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-17
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Refraction experiments Procedure Equipment Results P waves Low velocity zone SH waves Surface wave experiments Summary and discussion Literature cited Appendix A: P wave refraction data Appendix B: SH wave refraction data. Appendix C: Surface wave dispersion calculations
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  • 61
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/16
    In: CRREL Report, 82-16
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: A dynamic-thermodynamic sea ice model which employs a viscous-plastic constitutive law has been applied to the East Greenland area. The model is run on a 40-km spatial scale at 1/4-day time steps for a 60-day period with forcing data beginning on 1 October 1979. Results tend to verify that the model predicts reasonable thicknesses and velocities within the ice margin. Thermodynamic ice growth produces excessive ice extent, however, probably due to inadequate parameterization of oceanic heat flux. Ice velocities near the free ice edge are also not well simulated, and preliminary investigations attribute this to an improper wind field in this area. A simulation which neglects ice strength, effectively damping ice interaction with itself and allowing no resistance to deformation, produces excessive ice drift toward the coast and results in unrealistic nearshore thicknesses. A dynamics-only simulation produced reasonable results, including a more realistic ice extent, but the need for proper thermodynamics is also apparent. Other simulations verify that ice import from the Arctic Basin, and ice transport due to winds and currents, were also important components in the model studies.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 40 Seiten , Illustrationen , 29 cm
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-16
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Model description and application Results and discussion Wind and current fields Standard simulation Thermodynamic simulation Zero ice strength Zero ice import Zero currents Modified currents Zero winds Dynamics simulation Summary and concluding remarks Literature cite
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  • 62
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    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/21
    In: CRREL Report, 82-21
    Description / Table of Contents: The acoustic emission response from fine-grained polycrystalline ice subjected to constant compressive loads was examined. A number of tests were conducted with the nominal stress ranging from 0.8 to 3.67 MPa at a temperature of -5 C. The acoustic emission response was recorded and the data are presented with respect to time and strain. The source of acoustic emissions in ice is considered in terms of the formation of both microfractures and visible fractures that develop without catastrophic failure of the ice. A model to describe the acoustic emission response is developed.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 15 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-21
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Background Experimental procedures Ice specimens Mechanical test equipment Acoustic emission equipment Data recording Acoustic emission sources in ice Acoustic events and visible fracturing Source mechanisms Tests on ice single crystals General acoustic emission response Analysis of data Transient response Steady-state response Amplitude distribution Combined transient and steady-state response in the time domain Discussion Summary Literature cited
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  • 63
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/19
    In: CRREL Report, 81-19
    Description / Table of Contents: Field observations support the interpretation that differences in the strength of radar returns from the ice covers of lakes on the North Slope of Alaska can be used to determine where the lake is frozen completely to the bottom. An ice/frozen soil interface is indicated by a weak return and an ice/ water interface by a strong return. The immediate value of this result is that SLAR (side-looking airborne radar) imagery can now be used to prepare maps of large areas of the North Slope showing where the lakes are shallower or deeper than 1.7m (the approximate draft of the lake ice at the time of the SLAR flights). The bathymetry of these shallow lakes is largely unknown and is not obvious from their sizes or outlines. Such information could be very useful, for example in finding suitable year-round water supplies.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 17 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-19
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction The experiment Results Maps of completely frozen North Slope lakes Literature cited
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  • 64
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/20
    In: CRREL Report, 81-20
    Description / Table of Contents: A historical review of research is presented to establish the state- of-the-art for analyzing the behavior of vehicles in shallow snow. From this review, the most comprehensive and promising model is put together to establish a first-cut performance prediction model for vehicles operating in shallow snow, slush, ice and thawing soils.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-20
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface List of symbols Introduction Historical review Model selection Traction Resistance Slush and thawing soils Ice, hard-packed snow, packed snow River and lake ice Model use Conclusions Literature cited
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  • 65
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/18
    In: CRREL Report, 81-18
    Description / Table of Contents: During the growing seasons of 1977, 1978, and 1979, revegetation techniques were studied on the Chena River Lakes Project, a flood control dam and levee near Fairbanks, Alaska, to find an optimal treatment for establishing permanent vegetation cover on the gravel structures. The treatments tested on plots at the dam andor levee involved three main variables 1 vegetation grass and clover seed andor willow cuttings, 2 mulch, mulch blanket, andor sludge, and 3 substrate gravel or fine-grained soil over the gravel base. The mulches were hay, wood-cellulose-fiber, peat moss, and Conwed Hydro Mulch 2000, which is a wood-cellulose-fiber mulch with a polysaccharide tackifier. A constant rate of fertilizer was applied to all plots except the control. A section of each plot was refertilized again in their third growing season to compare annual and biannual fertilization. The high fertilization rate produced above-average growth. Fescue, brome, and foxtail were the most productive species on the dam, while alsike cover was the most productive on the wetter levee site. When grass seed and willow cuttings were planted at the same time, willow survival and growth were reduced. Fertilization is required for at least two years to produce an acceptable permanent vegetation cover, although fine- grained soil or sludge reduces the amount of fertilizer needed in the second year. Third-year fertilization may not be necessary since the benefits of the second fertilization continue for at least two years. A sludge treatment refertilized during its second growing season produces the highest biomass recorded in this study.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: ix, 59 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-18
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Abbreviations Conversion factors Summary Introduction Background Site characterization Climate Purpose Materials and methods General Moose Creek Dam site Tanana Levee site Sampling and measurement Abiotic controls on vegetation Meteorological data Soil moisture as a limiting factor Soil chemical analysis Vegetation growth and survival Moose Creek Dam site Tanana Levee site Biomass by species Roof penetration Seedling density of invading woody species Weeds Supplemental observations Sediment loss Sludge and runoff-water composition Cost analysis Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: 1977 grass growth on 1977 dam treatments Appendix B: 1978 grass growth on 1977 dam treatments Appendix C: 1979 grass growth on 1977 dam treatments Appendix D: Grass growth on 1978 dam treatments Appendix E: 1977, 1978, and 1979 survival of willow treatments Appendix F: Grass growth on Tanana levee treatments Appendix C: Chemical analysis of sludge and runoff water
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  • 66
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    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/21
    In: CRREL Report, 81-21
    Description / Table of Contents: The reflection of solar radiation by a snow cover in situ and the apparent influence of selected substrates were examined in wavelength bands centered at 0.81, 1.04, 1.10, 1.30, 1.50 and 1.80 micrometers. Substrates included winter wheat, timothy, corn, alfalfa, grass, concrete and subsurface layers of 'crusty' snow and ice. Reasonable qualitative agreement between measurements and theoretical predictions was demonstrated, with indications of quantitative agreement in the definition of a 'semi-infinite depth' of snow cover. It was concluded that ultimate quantitative agreement between theory and measurement will require that an 'optically effective grain size' be defined in terms of physically measuarable dimensions or meteorologically predictable characteristics of the ice crystals composing the snowpack.
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    Pages: iii, 17 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-21
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Experimental method Substrate preparation Experimental configuration Radiometric measurements Snow characterization Reflectance standards Data analysis Reflectance measurements Snow replica analysis Discussion of results Comparative reflectance of various substrates under snow Ablation of a snow cover Reflectance from a very light, fresh snow cover Measurements at angles other than vertical Reflectance from substrates Concluding observations Literature cited
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  • 67
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/26
    In: CRREL Report, 81-26
    In: Mechanics of cutting and boring, Part 7
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: This report deals with force, torque, energy and power in machines such as drills and boring devices, where the cutting head rotates about a central axis while penetrating parallel to that axis. Starting from a cosideration of the forces developed on individual cutting tools, or segments of cutters, the thrust and torque on a complete cutting head is assessed, and simple relationships between thrust and torque are derived. Similarly, the energy and power needed to drive the cutting head arc estimated and related to tool characteristics. Design characteristics of existing machines are compiled and analyzed to give indications of thrust, torque, power, effective tool forces, nominal thrust pressure, power density, and specific energy.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 38 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-26
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Foreword Introduction Terminology Tool forces Parallel motion tools Indentation tools Head thrust, thrust per unit width, and nominal head pressure Power and power density Torque Specific energy Efficiency and performance index Power requirements for clearance of cuttings Minimum power requirements for lifting cuttings in a vertical hole Power consumption and efficiency in continuous-flight augers Air circulation Mud circulation Literature cited Appendix A: Vertical conveyance by continuous-fiight augers Appendix B: Surface areas on a helical flight and its stem
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  • 68
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/5
    In: CRREL Report, 82-5
    Description / Table of Contents: The problem of simultaneous heat and mass transfer in a homogeneous snow layer, with one side kept at its initial temperature and the other side with a step temperature increase, was solved for the case of constant through-flow conditions. An experimentally determined effective thermal conductivity function, i.e. Ke = 0.0014 + 0.58 G (where G is dry mass flow rate of air in g/sq cm-s), was employed in the solution. The computed nondimensional temperature distribution agreed quite well with experimental data taken under pseudo-steady state conditions with the exception of the temperature for the lowest flow rate used in the experiment. The pronounced nonlinearity of the temperature distribution was found to be a strong function of the flow rate. For sinusoidal variation of atmospheric pressure, the responding flow in the snow medium was also found to be sinusoidal. In conjunction with the diurnal temperature change, this variation facilitated the process of repeated sublimation and condensation in alternate directions and thereby produced a surface layer of approximately constant snow density.
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    Pages: v, 10 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-5
    Language: English
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  • 69
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    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/6
    In: CRREL Report, 82-6
    Description / Table of Contents: The interpretation of continuous radar profiles requires an alternative geophysical means of obtaining ground dielectric information. Ground dielectric properties were measured using wide-angle reflection and refraction (WARR) soundings with a ground-probing radar set that transmits pulses f a few nanoseconds duration. The investigations, carried out over sandy gravel in interior Alaska, provided dielectric data to about a 5-m depth. The WARR soundings were displayed as individual traces allowing interference between separate events and dispersion to be observed, and the soundings were compared with continuous radar and resistivity profiles conducted concurrently to extract the maximum amount of dielectric information. The dielectric constants, derived mainly from the direct ground waves propagating along the surface, ranged from 2.9 to 7.4. Dielectric values interpreted for one site predicted the possibility of a refracted event which may have occurred during one of the soundings.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 11 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-6
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Theory of ground wave propagation from a horizontal electric dipole Equipment and methods Results Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Summary and concluding remarks Literature cited
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  • 70
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/5
    In: CRREL Report, 81-5
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 27 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-5
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Test setup Test results The USCGC Mackinaw The Roger Slough The Cason J. Callaway The imperial St. Clair Vibration levels Discussion Frequency content Magnitude Mode of transmission Opening the channel Flexural waves Duration and occurrence of maximum vibrations Effect of weather Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited
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  • 71
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/4
    In: CRREL Report, 81-04
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: Eight sites along the trans-Alaska pipeline from the Denali Fault to Fairbanks were selected for pipeline and pipeline support movement studies. Four measurement surveys were conducted, starting before oil pumping operations began up to September 1978, to determine the lateral and longitudinal pipe movement due to the thermal expansion of elevated sections of the pipeline, the tilt of the vertical support members (VSM's), and the changes in relative elevation of the support crossbeams. A maximum lateral and longitudinal motion of the pipe of 13 3/8 in. and 2 13/16 in. respectively were measured up to September 1978. Tilt data for 180 VSM's showed little change over a one-year period, with only S VSM's tilting more than 0.5 °. Relative elevation measurements showed insignificant changes for two sites compared over a one-year period. Comparisons of our data with as-built elevations at 8 sites show a few large differences that cannot be readily explained. In general the pipeline and its supports, at least at the sites studied, show minimal movement and activity.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 32 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81- 4
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Measurement technique Pipeline movement Vertical support member tilt Relative elevations of pipe support crossbeams Results and discussion Pipeline movement Vertical support member tilt Relative elevations Summary Literature cited Appendix A. Lateral, longitudinal and horizontal pipe movement Appendix Β. Tabulation of movement measurements
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  • 72
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: AWI A3-17-90425
    Description / Table of Contents: The book by A. S. Monin "Introduction to the theory of climate" summarizes the principal notions, information and methods of the physical theory of climate in its contemporary sense which implies that the basis of this theory is formed by a physico-mathematical modelling of the climatic system the atmosphere-ocean-land. The book is meant for specialists dealing with investigations of atmosphere, cryosphere, biosphere and land hydrology.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 245 S.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 73
    Call number: AWI G6-18-91504
    Type of Medium: Dissertations
    Pages: 118, (38) S. , graph. Darst.
    Language: German
    Note: Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 1981 , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS: 1. EINLEITUNG. - 2. PROBENHERKUNFT UND STRATIGRAPHIE. - 3. PROBENBESCHREIBUNG. - 4. ANALYSENVERFAHREN. - 4.1. Messung des Gesamt- und organischen Kohlenstoffs der Proben. - 4.1.1. Messung des Gesamtkohlenstoffs. - 4.1.2. Messung des organischen Kohlenstoffs. - 4.1.3. Berechnung des Karbonatkohlenstoffs. - 4.2. Präparation und Messung der Isotope. - 4.2.1. Präparation für die Karbonatisotopenmessung. - 4.2.2. Präparation für die Corg-Isotopenmessung. - 4.2.3. Präparation für die CBit-Isotopenmessung. - 4.2.4. Durchführung der Isotopenmessung. - 4.3. Röntgenographische Methoden. - 4.3.1. Übersichtsaufnahmen. - 4.3.2. Röntgenographische Bestimmung des Calcit/Dolomit-Verhältnisses an Proben mit einem Karbonatanteil 〉 90 %. - 4.4. Chromatographische Methoden. - 4.4.1. Dünnschichtchromatographie. - 4.4.2. Gaschromatographie. - 4.5. Extraktionsverfahren. - 4.5.1. Soxhletextraktion. - 4.5.2. Ultraschallextraktion. - 4.5.3. Gegenüberstellung der beiden Extraktionsverfahren hinsichtlich ihrer Verwendbarkeit für organogeochemische Analysen. - 5. VERTEILUNG DES ORGANISCHEN KOHLENSTOFFS IM PHANEROZOIKUM. - 6. BESCHREIBUNG DER ERGEBNISSE DER ISOTOPENANALYSEN. - 6.1. Kohlenstoff- und Sauerstoffisotope der Karbonatfraktion. - 6.1.1. Kohlenstoffisotope des Karbonatkohlenstoffs. - 6.1.2. Sauerstoffisotope der Karbonatfraktion. - 6.1.2. Proben mit auffallend abweichenden Isotopenwerten. - 6.2. Isotopenmessungen am organischen Kohlenstoff. - 6.2.1. Definitionen. - 6.2.2. Kohlenstoffisotopenmessung am gesamten organischen Material. - 6.2.3. Die Kohlenstoffisotope der Bitumenfraktion. - 7. DISKUSSION DER ISOTOPENWERTE. - 7.1. Diskussion der Isotopenwerte des Karbonatkohlenstoffs. - 7.2. Diskussion der Isotopenwerte des Karbonatsauerstoffs. - 7.3. Diskussion einiger Karbonate mit von marinen Isotopenwerten abweichenden Ergebnissen. - 7.3.1. Proben mit ungewöhnlich niedrigen Kohlenstoff-Isotopenwerten. - 7.3.2. Proben mit sehr schweren δ18O-Werten. - 7.4. Diskussion der δ13C org- und der δ13CBit- Werte. - 7.4.1. Veränderungen der Isotopenzusammensetzung auf dem Wege vom lebenden Organismus zum sedimentären Kerogen und Bitumen und die Bedeutung der Photosynthese. - 7.4.2. Diskussion der Isotopenwerte. - 7.4.2.1. Ergebnisse der Isotopenmessungen am gesamten organischen Kohlenstoff (Corg). - 7.4.2.2. Ergebnisse der Isotopenmessungen der Bitumenfraktion. - 8. ERGEBNISSE UND DISKUSSION DER ORGANOGEOCHEMISCHEN ANALYSEN. - 8.1. Veränderungen in der chemischen Zusammensetzung der Biomasse auf dem Weg zum sedimentären organischen Material. - 8.2. Entstehung, Verteilung und Signifikanz der n-Alkane. - 8.2.1. Die Rolle der Fettsäure als n-Alkan Vorläufer. - 8.2.2. Umwandlung von Fettsäuren in n-Alkane. - 8.2.3. Charakteristische n-Alkan Verteilungsmuster. - 8.2.4. Der CPI-Wert. - 8.2.5.- Die Isoprenoide Pristan und Phytan. - 8.3. Diskussion der gaschromategraphischen Analysen. - 9. ZUSAMMENHÄNGE ZWISCHEN DEN ISOTOPENANALYSEN UND DEN ERGEBNISSEN DER ORGANOGEOCHEMISCHEN ANALYSE. - 10. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG. - 11. LITERATURVERZEICHNIS. - ANHANG.
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  • 74
    Call number: ZSP-119-1
    In: Altenburger naturwissenschaftliche Forschungen, Heft 1
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 171 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Altenburger naturwissenschaftliche Forschungen 1
    Language: German
    Note: INHALT 1. Einleitung und Überblick Historisches Glaziäre und periglaziäre Umwelt Tier, Pflanze, Mensch Frostmarken Bisherige Periglaziärstudien im Arbeitsgebiet Dank 2. Allgemeiner Teil 2.1. Die gegenwärtigen Frostgebiete der Erde und ihr wichtigster Formenschatz Entstehungsbedingungen des Dauerfrostbodens Geschlossene und unterbrochene Dauerfrostzone Bodeneisgehalt Bodeneistypen Frostbodenzerfall, Auftauboden (Mollisol) Thermoerosion, Thermoplanation, Thermokarst 2.2. Kryogenetische Prozesse und Erscheinungen Gelifraktion Kryoturbation (als wesentliche Erscheinung des Frostbodenzerfalls) 2.3. Auffrieroberflächenformen Erdhügel Gefrorene Torfhügel Palsen Pingos (Bulgunnjachi) 2.4. Frostrisse, insbesondere Eiskeile und ihre Pseudomorphosen 2.4.1. Allgemeine Bildungsbedingungen rezenter Frostrisse 2.4.2. Fossile Frostrisse (Spalten und Keile) 2.4.2.1. Vorkommen der fossilen Frostrisse 2.4.2.2. Frostrisse in den Schotterterrassen und anderen nichtbindigen Sedimenten (Typen, Formen, Genese, Verfüllungsprozeß, Datierung) 2.4.2.3. "Riesen-Frosttaschen" (Lehmstränge und -taschen) 3. Spezieller Teil 3.1. Grundzüge der Quartärentwicklung im Saale-Eibe-Gebiet 3.1.1. Frühpleistozän und Elstereiszeit 3.1.2. Holsteinwarmzeit 3.1.3. Saaleeiszeit 3.1.4.Eemwarmzeit 3.1.5. Weichseleiszeit 3.2. Kaltklimazeugen im Saale-Eibe-Gebiet (ohne solikinetische Strukturen) 3.2.1. Frühpleistozän bis Pliozän A-Schotter der Elbe Obere frühpleistozäne Terrasse Mittlere frühpleistozäne Terrasse Untere frühpleistozäne Terrasse 3.2.2. Elstereiszeit Zwickauer Phase Frühelsterterrasse Lauseuer Kliff Hohendorfer Becken Schmelzwassersande Miltitzer Zwischensediment Markraustädter Phase Gemischte Rückzugssedimente 3.2.3. Saaleeiszeit (Zeitzer und Leipziger Phase) Ältere und Jüngere Hauptterrasse Aufschlüsse Lochau, Leipzig-West, Delitzsch Schmelzwassersedimente Fließerdenkomplex 3.2.4. Weichseleiszeit Niederterrasse Sedimentfolge Ascherslebeuer See Löße 3.3. Fluviatile, solifluidale-deluviale und äolische Prozesse und Sedimente 3.3.1. Der Kanon der Flußarbeit im Periglazial 3.3.2. Solifluktions- und Abschwemmungsperioden, Periglazialseen Frühpleistozän Elstereiszeit Saaleeiszeit Weichseleiszeit 3.4. Talasymmetrie 3.5. Trockentäler 3.6. Solikinese (Bodenverdrängung, Bodenauftrieb) 3.6.1. Allgemeines 3.6.2. Dichtesaigerung 3.6.3. Ausgleichsbewegungen durch Belastungsunterschiede 3.6.4. Freie und erzwungene Solikinese 3.6.5. Solikinese minerogener Sedimente 3.6.6. Solikinese der Braunkohle 3.6.6.1. Solikinetische Erscheinungen außerhalb der Vereisungsgebiete 3.6.6.2. Solikinetische Erscheinungen im Saale-Elbe-Gebiet 3.6.6.2.1. Alter des Kohleaufstiegs 3.6.6.2.2. Ursachen des Kohleaufstiegs 3.6.6.2.3. Braunkohle, das Pendant des Salzes 3.6.6.2.4. Kohleaufstieg und Frosttiefe Zusammenfassung Summary Literaturauswahl Ortsverzeichnis Sachverzeichnis Bilderteil , Mit englischer Zusammenfassung
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  • 75
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Palisades : Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia University
    Call number: AWI G2-19-92382
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 690 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Language: English
    Note: Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTERNAL CYCLING AND THROUGHPUT : Pathways from River Mouth to Sea Floor Depth Profiles of Sea Salt Composition Constituent Classification The Chemical Composition of Marine Organic Matter Composition of Particulate Matter Caught in Sediment Traps A Simple Model for Biologically Utilized CDnstituents The Distributions of Biointermediate Constituents Estimation of Input Rates Horizontal Segregation of CDnstituents in the Deep Sea Summary CHAPTER 2 THE SEDIMENTARY SINK Factors Influencing the Distribution of Sedimentary Constituents Introduction Sediment Types Distribution of Opal Production Opal Solution on the Sea Floor Distribution of Calcite in Marine Sediments Degree of Calcite Saturation Variation in the Carbonate Ion Content of Sea Water Spacial Variations in the CaC0 3 Saturation of Sea Water Factors Controlling the Rate of Calcite Solution Thickness and Shape of the Sublysocline Transition Zone Variation of Sediment Type with Time Manganese Nodules Summary CHAPTER 3 THE ATMOSPHERIC IMPRINT : The Cycles of Gases within the Sea Introduction Solubilities of Gases in Sea Water The Rate of Gas Exchange Stagnant Film Thickness Derived from Natural Radiocarbon Stagnant Film Thicknesses Determined by the Radon Method Oxygen Concentrations in Surface Ocean Water Oxygen Deficiencies in the Deep Sea The Marine N2O Cycle Excess Helium The Carbon Dioxide Content of Surface Ocean Water Origin of the Equatorial Pacific CO2 Anomaly Summary CHAPTER 4 REACTIVE METALS AND THE GREAT PARTICULATE SWEEP : The Cycle of Metals in the Sea Introduction Products of Uranium and Thorium Decay Thorium Isotopes in the Sea Protactinium-231 to Thorium-230 Activity Ratios The Distribution of Lead-210 The Distribution of Polonium-210 The Distribution of Radium-226 Anthropogenic Plutonium in the Sea Toward a Model of Metal Transport Distributions of Stable Metals in the Sea Stable Isotope Ratios in Reactive Metals Transport of Iron and Manganese in the Sea Lessons from Controlled Ecosystem Studies Distribution Coefficients Summary CHAPTER 5 HOW FAST DOES THE MILL GRIND? : Rates of Vertical Mixing and Sediment Accumulation Introduction Rate of Vertical Mixing Implication to the Distribution of Radium-226 Distribution of Radiocarbon in the Ocean Rate of Continental Runoff Sediment Accumulation Rates Radiocarbon Dating Uranium Series Dating Beryllium Dating Potassium-Argon Dating Agreement Among Dating Methods Comparison of Model and Observed Rates of CaC0 3 Solution Summary CHAPTER 6 WHAT KEEPS THE SYSTEM IN WHACK? : Control Mechanisms Operating in the Sea Introduction Phosphate Controls Silicate Controls Carbon Controls Interactions between the Phosphate and Carbon Controls Nitrate Controls Dissolved Oxygen Controls Major Anion Controls Major Cation Controls Possible Causes for Perturbations Recorders of Paleoocean Chemistry The Marine Geochemistry of Carbon-13 The Uranium Content of Coral Factors Influencing Nutrient Gradients in the Deep Sea Summary CBAPTER 7 FREIGHT TRAINS AND FICKIAN CONFUSION : The Movement of Water Through the Deep Sea Introduction Types of Motion One Dimensional Advection - Diffusion Model Tracers for Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Mixing Rates Based on Radon-222 and Radium-228 The Distribution of Helium-3 in the Deep Pacific Sources of Deep Water Northern Component Water Conservative Properties of NCW Initial Radiocarbon to Carbon Ratio in NCW Feed for NCW Production Southern Component Water Ventilation of the Deep Atlantic Ocean Ventilation of the Deep Pacific and Indian Oceans The Grand Cycle of Radiocarbon in the Deep Ocean Biological Short-Circuiting Temporal Variations in Radiocarbon Production Argon-39 Summary CHAPTER 8 THE ANTHROPOGENIC INVASION : The Movement of Water Through the Oceanic Thermocline Introduction Input Functions Hydrology of the Main Thermocline Tritium Distribution within the Thermocline Temporal Trends in Tritium Tritium as a Guide to Deep Water Formation Supplementary Information from Strontium-90 Bomb Carbon-14 Distribution within the Thermocline Explanations for Low Equatorial Bomb Carbon-14 Inventories Implications of Equatorial Upwelling to the Tritium Budget An Upwelling Rate Based on the Equatorial CO2 Anomaly Helium-3 Distribution in the Main Oceanic Thermocline Purposeful Tracers Summary CHAPTER 9 ICE SHEETS AND OCEAN PHOSPHATE : Glacial to Interglacial Changes in Ocean Chemistry Introduction Temperature and Salinity Changes Formation and Destruction of Organic Materials Changes in CaCO3 Storage Evidence for an Early Post-Glacial Lysocline Change Changes in Phosphate Concentration The Combined Evidence from Deep Sea Cores Cause of the Oceanic Phosphate Change An Alternate Scenario Wrap Up of the CO2 Record The Oxygen Record Glacial to Interglacial Changes in Ocean Mixing Rate Glacial to Interglacial Lysocline Changes Changes in the Distribution of Nutrients in the Deep Sea Summary CHAPTER 10 CAN MAN OVERRIDE THE CONTROLS? : The Buildup of Fossil Fuel CO2 in the Atmosphere and Oceans Introduction CO2 Production in the Past CO2 Production in the Future Capacity of the Sea for Fossil Fuel CO2 Uptake Utilizable Capacity - Simplified Calculation Utilizable Capacity - Rigorous Calculation Kinetics of Fossil Fuel CO2 Uptake by the Sea Numerical Model crosschecks on the Validity of the Numerical Model Prediction of Future CO2 Levels Solution of Sea Floor Calcite Summary REFERENCES, CONSTANTS, DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS AND INDEX Introduction to the References Subject Outline for the References Annotated Reference List Frequently Used Constants Definitions of Isotope Notations Abbreviations Index Foldout Caption
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  • 76
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/42
    In: CRREL Report, 82-42
    Description / Table of Contents: A high-resolution impulse radar profiling system was evaluated for 1) detecting the existence of sea ice which coring has revealed to exist on the bottom of the Ross Ice Shelf at Site J-9, 2) detecting the preferred horizontal c-axis azi-muthal direction of the sea ice crystals, using the voltage amplitude of the radar reflection from the sea ice bottom, and 3) determining the direction of the currents under an Antarctic ice shelf. A field program was conducted consisting of a surface radar survey on the Ross Ice Shelf at Site J-9 and surface and airborne radar profiling on the McMurdo Ice Shelf. The CRREL impulse radar system, operating at a center frequency of either 80 MHz or 20 MHz, was unable to detect the shelf bottom at Site J-9, which drilling revealed to be 416 m below the snow surface. The radar system was used to profile the McMurdo Ice Shelf both from the snow surface and from the air; a shelf thickness of about 275 m was easily detected. Theoretical considerations indicate that the bulk conductivity of the ice shelf at Site J1-9 was higher than originally anticipated, and this limited the radar sounding depth to about 405 m when operating at a frequency of 20 MHz.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 19 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-42
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Introduction Profiling system Theoretical considerations Field program Discussion Literature cited
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  • 77
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/41
    In: CRREL Report, 82-41
    Description / Table of Contents: Many of the important factors influencing the choice of appropriate aquifer test procedures are presented. The concepts of bias, accuracy and spatial variabil­ity are explained. The definitions of a number of aquifer parameters are devel­oped from basic principles demonstrating the underlying assumptions and limita­tions. The parameters considered are: piezometric head, hydraulic conductiv­ity/intrinsic permeability, flow direction, specific discharge magnitude, transmissivity, volumetric flow rate, total porosity, effective porosity, aver­age linear velocity, storage coefficient, specific yield, dispersion coefficient-aquifer dispersivity. For each parameter several techniques are described, evaluated and ranked in terms of perceived potential accuracy, simplicity and value to contaminant transport studies. It must be stressed, however, that the evaluations are based principally upon theoretical grounds, and not upon actual conduct of the described procedures.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 111 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-41
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstrac Preface Introduction Purpose Scope Concept of accuracy Test selection Definition of parameters Piezometric head Use of piezometers Hydraulic conductivity Flow direction Specific discharge magnitude Transmissivity Volumetric flow rate Porosity Average linear velocity Storage coefficient-specific yield Aquifer dispersivity Parameter estimation techniques Piezometric head Hydraulic conductivity Direction and magnitude of specific discharge vector Transmissivity Volumetric flow rate Total porosity Average linear velocity Storage coefficient Specific yield Effective porosity Aquifer dispersivity-dispersion coefficients Conclusions Literature cited
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  • 78
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leipzig : Academy of Sciences of the GDR, Central Institute for Isotope and Radiation Research
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI G6-19-93042-1
    In: Interregional Training Course on Radiochemistry, [Hauptband]
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 248 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Manual 1.1 Beta measurements 1.2 Measurement of the energy spectrum and range of α-radiation with semiconductor detectors 1.3 Error and statistical tests 1.4 Basic experiments of gamma spectroscopy 2.1 Determination of certain elements in sedimental atmospheric dust by x-ray fluorescence analysis 2.2 Calibration and efficiencies (see Supplement) 2.3 Thin-layer chromatographic separation and test of the purity of labelled compounds 2.4 Separation of Thorium-234 from Uranium-238 2.5 Separation of 137Ca/137mBa by precipitation and sorption 3.1 Determination of phosphate by simple isotope dilution analysis and determination of Zn in MgSO4 by substoichiometric isotope dilution analysis 3.2 The Szilard-Chalmers effect 3.3 Determination of the Ag content in slags by instrumental neutron activation analysis 4.1 Isotope exchange of Ethyl Iodide and Sodium Iodide 4.2 Liquid scintillation counting of Carbon-14 and Tritium 4.3 Autoradiography - Demonstration of Autoradiographic techniques Lectures 1.1 Fundamentals of radioactivity / G. K. Vormum 1.2 Interaction of nuclear radiation with matter / G. K. Vormum 1.4 Equations of radioactive decay / G. K. Vormum 1.5 Radiation detectors / M. Geisler 2.1 Radiation spectroscopy / M. Geisler 2.5 Handling of radioisotopes / G. K. Vormum 2.7 Behaviour of radionuclides in very low concentrations / H. Koch 3.6 Particle sources / J. W. Leonhardt 4.2 Tracers in chemical kinetics / J. Dermietzel 4.4 Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) / R. Trettin 5.1 Isotopic tracers in biology / H. Hübner 5.2 Low-level counting / R. Trettin 5.4 Basic concepts of radioimmunoassay (RIA) / G. K. Vormum 6.2 Radionuclide generators / R. Otto
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  • 79
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/34
    In: CRREL Report, 82-34
    Description / Table of Contents: The ice discharge through an opening in an ice control structure was documented to be a function of the floe size, ice type, ice floe conditions and vessel direction. The model data for the average ice discharge per vessel transit scaled to prototype values compared favorably with data taken at the St. Marys River ice control structure (ICS). The model results of the force measurements were also consistent with data taken at the St. Marys ICS. The dynamic loading conditions were independent of vessel direction. The dynamic loading to the structure using 3 types of ice (plastic, natural and urea-doped) showed a considerable difference in their means and standard deviations. The urea-doped ice was evaluated for dynamic loading conditions, and reasonable peak values of 3 to 5 times the mean load at each measuring position were recorded, independent of vessel direction. It appears that synthetic random ice floes may be used in model studies where ice discharge through an opening in a structure needs to be documented. This study shows the synthetic random ice floe discharge to fall reasonably within the values obtained for natural ice discharge for both rafted and non-rafted ice fields above the ICS. However, the question of whether synthetic ice can be used for analyzing force distributions and dynamic force loading criteria cannot be fully answered at this time because the load distributions of the synthetic and natural floes appear to differ.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 68 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-34
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Scope of work Ice discharge from Lake Huron into St. Clair River Water velocity profiles at Port Huron Ice conditions Physical model Basis for selection Description Instrumentation Model ice control structure Open water calibration Open water tests Experimental procedures and techniques Ice cover calibration Ice control structure orientation Analysis of ice discharge due to ship transits Natural ice Synthetic ice Forces on the ice control structure Static measurements Dynamic force measurements Potential additional shear stresses Anticipated ice conditions with ICS Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Application of model results Appendix B. Suggested additional studies Appendix C. Derivation of ice discharge
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  • 80
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/37
    In: CRREL Report, 82-37
    Description / Table of Contents: This report presents a Landsat-derived land cover map of the northwest portion of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska. The report is divided into two parts. The first is devoted to the land cover map with detailed descriptions of the mapping methods and legend. The second part is a description of the study area. The classification system used for the maps is an improvement over existing methods of describing tundra vegetation. It is a comprehensive method of nomenclature that consistently applies the same criteria for all vegetation units. It is applicable for large- and small-scale mapping and is suitable for describing vegetation complexes, which are common in the patterned-ground terrain of the Alaskan Arctic. The system is applicable to Landsat-derived land cover classifications. The description of the study area focuses on five primary terrain types: flat thaw-lake plains, hilly coastal plains, foothills, mountainous terrain, and river flood plains. Topography, landforms, soils and vegetation are described for each terrain type. The report also contains area summaries for the Landsat-derived map categories. The area summaries are generated for the five terrain types and for the 89 townships within the study areas. Two land cover maps at 1:250,000 are included.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 68 Seiten , Illustrationen, 2 Karten
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-37
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Foreword Introduction A land cover map of the ANWR study area Legend development Mapping method Results Discussion Description of the ANWR study area General description Description of specific terrain types Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Descriptions of Landsat land cover categories for ANWR Appendix B: Area summaries Appendix C: Aproximate equivalent units in several systems of land cover, wetland and vegetation classifications used in northern Alaska Appendix D: Soil taxonomy Appendix E: Summary of principal Landsat land cover categories within the terrain types of the ANWR study area
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  • 81
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/12
    In: CRREL Report, 81-12
    Description / Table of Contents: Revegetation techniques along the trans-Alaska pipeline as employed by Alyeska Pipeline Service Company during the 1975-1978 summers were observed. Objectives included determining the success of treatments, identifying problem areas, and noticing long-term implications. Observations and photographs at 60 sites located along the trans-Alaska pipeline indicated frequent occurrence of successful revegetation as well as frequent problems, such as erosion, slope instability, poor scheduling of seed application, occurrence of weed species, failure to optimally reuse topsoil and fine-grained soil, and low rates of native species reinvation. Alyeska's visual impact engineering was observed to be very successful, as shown by high first-season survival. However, a related program for establishing willow cuttings was unsuccessful in 1977 but appeared very promising in 1978 largely due to improved management and more favorable growing conditions. Terrain disturbances due to the construction of the fuel gas line, snowpads, and oil spills were examined to identify and describe related environmental impacts on natural vegetation. Proper construction and use of snowpads minimized the extent and severity of disturbance. Crude oil spills, although damaging to vegetation did not cause total kill of vegetation, and certain types of spills may have only short-term effects. Results of restoration research by CRREL along the trans-Alaska pipeline are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 115 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-12
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Revegetation procedures 1975-1978 construction seasons Willow cutting program Visual impact engineering program Selected terrain disturbances Fuel gas line and snowpads Island Lake and oil line snowpads Oil spills and revegetation CRREL restoration sites Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: List of sites observed during 1975 Appendix B: Annotated photographs of permanent revegetation observation sites-1975-1978 Appendix C: Photographic record of fuel gas line observation sites
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  • 82
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/18
    In: CRREL Report, 82-18
    Description / Table of Contents: Snow and ice control on highways has come to rely heavily on the use of sodium chloride to maintain a trafficable surface for unimpeded movement. Empirical approaches have led to a wide range of application rates, some clearly excessive, but justified on the ground of safety and expediency. The combination of environmental degradation from the huge quantities of salt entering the environment, along with the increased cost of salt itself and the cost of its application have spurred the search for more precise knowledge of the proper amount of salt to apply to a pavement, considering a range of environmental, traffic and chemical parameters. Since controlled tests in the field are extremely difficult to make, a circular test track of three test pavements, dense-graded asphaltic concrete (DGA), open-graded asphaltic concrete (DGA) and portland cement concrete (PCC), was constructed in a coldroom. Natural snow and ice were applied to the pavements and an instrumented slipping wheel was driven over the surfaces to generate frictional forces. These forces were measured and then used to evaluate the response to salt application with time for three test temperatures. OGA had the lowest friction values at a temperature near the freezing point, but higher initial values or more rapidly increasing values than DGA and PCC following salt application at the two lower temperatures. Optimum application rate of salt on PCC and DGA lies between 100 and 300 lb/lane mile (LM), and a higher rate resulted in slight or no improvement in friction. DGA showed anomalous results: lower friction for 300 Ib/LM and higher friction for both 100 and 500 Ib/LM.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vi, 55 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-18
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Objectives Background Approach Influencing factors Field factors Laboratory Laboratory trafficking tests Force measurement and coefficient of friction Test tire slip Surface friction gauge Test procedure British portable tester Experimental results Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A. Test pavements Appendix B. Pennsylvania State University field study Appendix C. Rochester Institute of Technology field study
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  • 83
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/1
    In: CRREL Report, 82-1
    Description / Table of Contents: On 27 March 1964 a major earthquake struck Southern Alaska. The city of Anchorage, which contained a large part of Alaska's population, suffered loss of life and destruction of property. The time of the day, the season, and ground conditions were such that loss of life and property was minimized. The frozen ground and the ice on fresh waster bodies responded to the earthquake shocks in a seldom-observable pattern, which was noted and recorded. Changes of sea level and slides into the sea were responsible for waterfront destruction. It is concluded that the main factor that limited structural damage was the frozen state of the ground.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 26 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-1
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Abstract of events Earthquakes and frozen ground The response of freshwater ice sheets to earthquake shock The earthquake disturbance in glaciated mountains Disturbed wildlife Tidal waves Summary Literature cited
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  • 84
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/3
    In: CRREL Report, 82-3
    Description / Table of Contents: The conditions that lead to initial breakup of a solid ice on a river due to rapid water level variations are analyzed. The analysis is based on the theory of beams on an elastic foundation. First cracking is assumed to occur when the bending moment induced in the ice cover by the wave exceeds the flexural strength of the ice cover.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 17 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-3
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Symbols Introduction Purpose of the study Stating the problem Fracturing of the ice cover due to the passage of surge waves Basic assumptions Derivation of the bending moments Determination of the wave characteristics Deflection of the ice Discussion and field observations Summary Literature cited
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  • 85
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/15
    In: CRREL Report, 81-15
    Description / Table of Contents: This report analyzes the results of a field study previously reported by Scrivner et al. (1969) for the National Cooperative Highway Research Program. These authors studied the seasonal pavement deflection characteristics of 24 test sites on roads in service in regions with freezing indexes ranging from 100 F-days to 2100 F-days. They used the Dynaflect cyclic pavement loading device to determine the pavement system response. Of specific interest to my analysis was the increased pavement deflection after freezing and thawing and the time to recovery of normal deflection characteristics. These characteristics were related to soil and climatic factors using statistical techniques. The most significant observations of this statistical analysis are: (1) that the freezing index is not a significant parameter in determining the percent increase in pavement deflection during thawing, and (2) that the recovery time is inversely proportional to the depth of freezing. As was expected, the most significant variable affecting the increase in pavement deflection was the frost susceptibility classification. This observation reinforces the necessity for careful selection of soil materials used in pavement systems.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 10 Seiten , Ilustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-15
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Description of test site Test results Method of analysis Results of analysis Change in resilient deflection due to thawing, A Recovery time after onset of thawing, t20 Discussion of results Change in resilient deflection due to thawing, A. Recovery time after thawing, t20 Conclusions Literature cited ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Pavement deflection and frost penetration vs time Data points and regression line for A and t2 0 versus F Data points and regression line for A and t2 0 versus W Data points and regression line for A and t2 0 versus I Data points and regression line for A and t20 versus N Data points and regression line for A and t20 versus D Data points and regression line for t20 versus A Permeability vs void ratio for the Toledo Penn 7 material TABLES Properties of test sections Test results from Scrivner et al Results of regression analysis
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  • 86
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/16
    In: CRREL Report, 81-16
    Description / Table of Contents: An air-transportable shelter designed and built at CRREL for use in cold regions underwent testing in Hanover, New Hampshire, and Ft. Greely, Alaska. The shelter demonstrated some of its capabilities for mobility by being towed for more than 60 miles behind various vehicles and by being transported on a C-130 cargo airplane, a CH-47 helicopter, and a trailer truck. The shelter proved to be very easy for a crew of two to four to set up in all weather conditions including -40 F cold. However, the gasoline-powered generator, which was a source for space heat as well as electricity, functioned very poorly. Overall, the prototype successfully demonstrated qualities of self-reliance, ease of operation and thermal efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 20 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-16
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Metric conversion factors Summary Introduction Description of shelter Test procedures and results Mobility Ease of erecting and striking Therinal efficiency and performance Heat output Electrical system Habitation Safety features Water system Shelter reliability Structure Performance of other shelters Conclusions Future studies Literature cited
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  • 87
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/17
    In: CRREL Report, 81-17
    Description / Table of Contents: Environmental conditions are described for the continental shelf of the western Arctic, and for the shelf of Labrador and Newfoundland. Special emphasis is given to the gouging of bottom sediments by ice pressure ridges and icebergs, and an approach to systematic risk analysis is outlined. Protection os subsea pipelines and cables by trenching and direct embedment is discussed, touching on burial depth, degree of protection, and environmental impact. Conventional land techniques can be adapted for trenching across the beach and through the shallows, but in deeper water special equipment is required. The devices discussed include hydraulic dredges, submarine dredges, plows, rippers, water jets, disc saws and wheel ditchers, ladder trenchers and chain saws, routers and slot millers, ladder dredges, vibratory and percussive machines, and blasting systems. Consideration is given to the relative merits of working with seabed vehicles, or alternatively with direct surface support from vessels or from the sea ice
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 38 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-17
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction The western Arctic of North America The continental shelf of Newfoundland and Labrador Burial depth for pipes and cables Degree of protection offered by burial Environmental impact Trenching the beach and the shallows in the western Arctic Trenching beyond the shallows Suction, or hydraulic, dredging Bottom-t raveling cutterhead dredges Plows Rippers Water jets Subsea disc saws and wheel ditchers Subsea ladder trenchers and chain saws Subsea routers and slot millers Bucket ladder trenchers Vibratory and percussive devices Hard rock excavation under water Control and monitoring of subsea machines Vessels and vehicles Trenching from the sea ice Costs of subsea trenching Reference Appendix: Description of waters off Alaska and Newfoundland
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  • 88
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/3
    In: CRREL Report, 81- 3
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: A 1:24 scale hydraulic model study of water intake under frazil ice conditions is presented. The intake, located 9 m below the surface of the St. Lawrence River in Massena, New York,has a through flow of 0.14 m^3/s. The model study, conducted in the refrigerated flume facility of the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, investigated methods of minimizing the frazil ice blockage on the intake. Two protective structures were modeled and the relative benefits of each are presented. The additional cross-sectional area provided by the protective structures lowered the vertical velocity component of the intake water to 0.0027 m/s. At this velocity the buoyant force acting on the frazil ice particle is larger than the downward drag force, causing the particle to rise. The results demonstrate that under certain low flow conditions a protective structure can minimize frazil ice blockage problems.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 11 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-03
    Language: English
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  • 89
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/2
    In: CRREL Report, 81-2
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: Many hyperbolic reflections have been observed on marine seismic records obtained during oil exploration in the Beaufort Sea, and on USGS seismic sub-bottom profiles from the Prudhoe Bay vicinity. A hyperbolic projection system was designed to rapidly measure seismic velocities from the curves on the records. The velocities observed were approximately the velocity of sound in water. The hyperbolic signals also showed dispersion properties similar to acoustic normal modes in shallow water. These observations indicate that the signals responsible for the hyperbolic reflections propagate as normal modes within the water layer, with very limited penetration of the seabed. Determinations of the dominant frequency of these signals indicate that the penetration into the seabed has a characteristic attenuation depth (skin depth) of about 1.5 m for the sub-bottom profiles and 12 m for the marine records. It therefore appears that some hyperbolic reflections may be generated by variations in materials that occur near the seabed. There is some evidence of linearity of the anomalies, possibly related to sediment-filled or open ice gouges, or other changes in material properties at shallow depths.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 16 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-2
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Methods of analysis Marine seismic records Seismic sub-bottom profiles Results and discussion Distribution of hyperbolic reflections Hyperbolas on oil exploration records Hyperbolas on sub-bottom profiles Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Hyperbola projector
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  • 90
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/1
    In: CRREL Report, 81-01
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: The formation of ice jams and their meteorological indicators were studied in detail for the winters of 1975-76, 1976-77 and 1977-78 on the Ottauquechee River at and east of Woodstock, Vermont. Meteorological data are presented for nearby National Weather Service Co-Operative Stations as well as for CRREL sites on the Ottauquechee River. The severity of each winter is discussed, as are the effects of a heavy rainfall on a high water equivalent snow cover. The resultant runoff and subsequent ice jamming that occurs is discussed. Continuous monitoring of water temperature before, during and immediately after an ice cover formed on the river during the winter of 1977-78 is included. The report includes a section on warm sewer outfall effects on the ice at and below a municipal treatment plant. Retrieved data will assist in future modeling studies to help predict ice formation, growth, decay and jamming of river ice covers.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 26 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-01
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Meteorological data retrieval and measurements Meteorological effects on river ice cover Winter 1975-76 Winter 1976-77 Winter 1977-78 Analysis of ice formation and decay Mechanism of ice formation Ice growth and decay on the Ottauquechee River, 1975-76, 1976-77, 1977-78 Influence of warm sewage effluent on river water temperatures and ice conditions Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Climatological observations Appendix B: Ice conditions, field remarks and pertinent photography
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  • 91
    Call number: ZSP-201-81/6
    In: CRREL Report, 81-6
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: A procedure is described for monitoring the microfracturing activity in ice plates subjected to constant loads. Sample time records of freshwater ice plate deflections as well as corresponding total acoustic emission activities are presented. The linear elastic, as well as viscoelastic, response for a simply supported rectangular ice plate is given. Suggested future work using the above procedure is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 19 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 81-6
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Notation Introduction Experimental procedure and considerations Growth of the ice plate Support of the ice plate Acoustic emission monitoring system Displacement transducers and data recording Mechanical loading System Analysis Experimental results Thin section analysis Summary and discussion Literature cited Appendix A : Ice plate linear elastic response Appendix B: Acoustic emission system sensitivity Appendix C: Ice plate linear viscoelastic response Appendix D: Equipment list
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  • 92
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    San Diego [u.a.] : Academic Press
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI A6-92-0276 ; PIK N 455-00-0309
    In: International geophysics series, Vol. 30
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XV, 662 S. , Ill., Kt.
    ISBN: 0122835204 , 0-12-283522-0
    Series Statement: International geophysics series 30
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Preface. - Acknowledgments. - 1 How the Ocean-Atmosphere System Is Driven. - 1.1 Introduction. - 1.2 The Amount of Energy Received by the Earth. - 1.3 Radiative Equilibrium Models. - 1.4 The Greenhouse Effect. - 1.5 Effects of Convection. - 1.6 Effects of Horizontal Gradients. - 1.7 Variability in Radiative Driving of the Earth. - 2 Transfer of Properties between Atmosphere and Ocean. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 Contrasts in Properties of Ocean and Atmosphere. - 2.3 Momentum Transfer between Air and Sea, and the Atmosphere's Angular Momentum Balance. - 2.4 Dependence of Exchange Rates on Air-Sea Velocity, Temperature, and Humidity Differences. - 2.5 The Hydrological Cycle. - 2.6 The Heat Balance of the Ocean. - 2.7 Surface Density Changes and the Thermohaline Circulation of the Ocean. - 3 Properties of a Fluid at Rest. - 3.1 The Equation of State. - 3.2 Thermodynamic Variables. - 3.3 Values of Thermodynamic Quantities for the Ocean and Atmosphere. - 3.4 Phase Changes. - 3.5 Balance of Forces in a Fluid at Rest. - 3.6 Static Stability. - 3.7 Quantities Associated with Stability. - 3.8 Stability of a Saturated Atmosphere. - 3.9 Graphical Representation of Vertical Soundings. - 4 Equations Satisfied by a Moving Fluid. - 4.1 Properties of a Material Element. - 4.2 Mass Conservation Equation. - 4.3 Balance for a Scalar Quantity like Salinity. - 4.4 The Internal Energy (or Heat) Equation. - 4.5 The Equation of Motion. - 4.6 Mechanical Energy Equation. - 4.7 Total Energy Equation. - 4.8 Bernoulli's Equation. - 4.9 Systematic Effects of Diffusion. - 4.10 Summary List of the Governing Equations. - 4.11 Boundary Conditions. - 4.12 A Coordinate System for Planetary Scale Motions. - 5 Adjustment under Gravity in a Nonrotating System. - 5.1 Introduction: Adjustment to Equilibrium. - 5.2 Perturbations from the Rest State for a Homogenous Inviscid Fluid. - 5.3 Surface Gravity Waves. - 5.4 Dispersion. - 5.5 Short-Wave and Long-Wave Approximations. - 5.6 Shallow-Water Equations Derived Using the Hydrostatic Approximation. - 5.7 Energetics of Shallow-Water Motion. - 5.8 Seiches and Tides in Channels and Gulfs. - 6 Adjustment under Gravity of a Density-Stratified Fluid. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 The Case of Two Superposed Fluids of Different Density. - 6.3 The Baroclinic Mode and the Rigid Lid Approximation. - 6.4 Adjustments within a Continuously Stratified Incompressible Fluid. - 6.5 Internal Gravity Waves. - 6.6 Dispersion Effects. - 6.7 Energetics of internal waves. - 6.8 Internal Waves Generated at a Horizontal Boundary. - 6.9 Effects on Boundary-Generated Waves of Variations of Buoyancy Frequency with Height. - 6.10 Free Waves in the Presence of Boundaries. - 6.11 Waves of Large Horizontal Scale: Normal Modes. - 6.12 An Example of Adjustment to Equilibrium in a Stratified Fluid. - 6.13 Resolution into Normal Modes for the Ocean. - 6.14 Adjustment to Equilibrium in a Stratified Compressible Fluid. - 6.15 Examples of Adjustment in a Compressible Atmosphere. - 6.16 Weak Dispersion of a Pulse. - 6.17 Isobaric Coordinates. - 6.18 The Vertically Integrated Perturbation Energy Equation in Isobaric Coordinates. - 7 Effects of Rotation. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.2 The Rossby Adjustment Problem. - 7.3 The Transients. - 7.4 Applicability, to the Rotating Earth. - 7.5 The Rossby Radius of Deformation. - 7.6 The Geostrophic Balance. - 7.7 Relative Geostrophic Currents: The Thermal Wind. - 7.8 Available Potential Energy. - 7.9 Circulation and Vorticity. - 7.10 Conservation of Potential Vorticity for a Shallow Homogeneous Layer. - 7.11 Circulation in a Stratified Fluid and Ertel's Potential Vorticity. - 7.12 Perturbation Forms of the Vorticity Equations in a Uniformly Rotating Fluid. - 7.13 Initialization of Fields for Numerical Prediction Schemes. - 8 Gravity Waves in a Rotating Fluid. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.2 Effect of Rotation on Surface Gravity Waves: Poincare Waves. - 8.3 Dispersion Properties and Energetics of Poincare Waves. - 8.4 Vertically Propagating Internal Waves in a Rotating Fluid. - 8.5 Polarization Relations. - 8.6 Energetics. - 8.7 Waves Generated at a Horizontal Boundary. - 8.8 Mountain Waves. - 8.9 Effects of Variation of Properties with Height. - 8.10 Finite-Amplitude Topographic Effects. - 8.11 Dissipative Effects in the Upper Atmosphere. - 8.12 The Liouville-Green or WKBJ Approximation. - 8.13 Wave Interactions. - 8.14 The Internal Wave Spectrum in the Ocean. - 8.15 Wave Transport and Effects on the Mean Flow. - 8.16 Quasi-geostrophic Flow (f Plane): The Isallobaric Wind. - 9 Forced Motion. - 9.1 Introduction. - 9.2 Forcing Due to Surface Stress: Ekman Transport. - 9.3 Wind-Generated Inertial Oscillations in the Ocean Mixed Layer. - 9.4 Ekman Pumping. - 9.5 Bottom Friction: Velocity Structure of the Boundary Layer. - 9.6 The Laminar Ekman Layer. - 9.7 The Nocturnal Jet. - 9.8 Tide-Producing Forces. - 9.9 Effect of Atmospheric Pressure Variations and Wind on Barotropic Motion in the Sea: The Forced Shallow-Water Equation. - 9.10 Baroclinic Response of the Ocean to Wind Forcing: Use of Normal Modes. - 9.11 Response of the Ocean to a Moving Storm or Hurricane. - 9.12 Spin-Down by Bottom Friction. - 9.13 Buoyancy Forcing. - 9.14 Response to Stationary Forcing: A Barotropic Example. - 9.15 A Forced Baroclinic Vortex. - 9.16 Equilibration through Dissipative Effects. - 10 Effects of Side Boundaries. - 10.1 Introduction. - 10.2 Effects of Rotation on Seiches and Tides in Narrow Channels and Gulfs. - 10.3 Poincare Waves in a Uniform Channel of Arbitrary Width. - 10.4 Kelvin Waves. - 10.5 The Full Set of Modes for an Infinite Channel of Uniform Width. - 10.6 End Effects: Seiches and Tides in a Gulf That Is Not Narrow. - 10.7 Adjustment to Equilibrium in a Channel. - 10.8 Tides. - 10.9 Storm Surges on an Open Coastline: The Local Solution. - 10.10 Surges Moving along the Coast: Forced Kelvin Waves. - 10.11 Coastal Upwelling. - 10.12 Continental Shelf Waves. - 10.13 Coastally Trapped Waves. - 10.14 Eastern Boundary Currents. - 11. The Tropics. - 11.1 Introduction. - 11.2 Effects of Earth's Curvature: Shallow-Water Equations on the Sphere. - 11.3 Potential Vorticity for a Shallow Homogeneous Layer. - 11.4 The Equatorial Beta Plane. - 11.5 The Equatorial Kelvin Wave. - 11.6 Other Equatorially Trapped Waves. - 11.7 The Equatorial Waveguide: Gravity Waves. - 11.8 Planetary Waves and Quasi-geostrophic Motion. - 11.9 Baroclinic Motion near the Equator. - 11.10 Vertically Propagating Equatorial Waves. - 11.11 Adjustment under Gravity near the Equator. - 11.12 Transient Forced Motion. - 11.13 Potential Vorticity for Baroclinic Motion: The Steady Limit. - 11.14 Steady Forced Motion. - 11.15 The Tropical Circulation of the Atmosphere. - 11.16 Tropical Ocean Currents. - 12 Mid-latitudes. - 12.1 Introduction. - 12.2 The Mid-latitude Beta Plane. - 12.3 Planetary Waves. - 12.4 Spin-Up of the Ocean by an Applied Wind Stress. - 12.5 Steady Ocean Circulation. - 12.6 Western Boundary Currents. - 12.7 Vertical Propagation of Planetary Waves in a Medium at Rest. - 12.8 Nonlinear Quasi-geostrophic Flow in Three Dimensions. - 12.9 Small Disturbances on a Zonal Flow Varying with Latitude and Height. - 12.10 Deductions about Vertical Motion from the Quasi-geostrophic Equations. - 13 Instabilities, Fronts, and the General Circulation. - 13.1 Introduction. - 13.2 Free Waves in the Presence of a Horizontal Temperature Gradient. - 13.3 Baroclinic Instability: The Eady Problem. - 13.4 Baroclinic Instability: The Charney Problem. - 13.5 Necessary Conditions for Instability. - 13.6 Barotropic Instability. - 13.7 Eddies in the Ocean. - 13.8 Fronts. - 13.9 The Life Cycle of a Baroclinic Disturbance. - 13.10 General Circulation of the Atmosphere. - Appendix One Units and Their SI Equivalents. - Appendix Two Useful
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  • 93
    Call number: AWI G6-18-91535
    Type of Medium: Dissertations
    Pages: Getr. Zählung: Ill., graph. Darst.
    Language: German
    Note: Karlsruhe, Univ., Diss., 1981 , INHALT: Zusammenfassung. - 1. Einleitung. - 1.1 Stand der Carbonatitforschung: experimentelle Untersuchungen und Bildungshypothesen. - 1.2 Mikrothermische Untersuchungen an fluiden Einschlüssen in Carbonatitmineralen. - 1.3 Der Carbonatit des Kaiserstuhls. - 1.4 Problemstellung, Methodisches. - 2. Das Probenmaterial. - 2.1 Proherrnahme und Aufbereitung. - 2.2 Probenpräparation für die Einschlußuntersuchungen. - 2.3 Optische Untersuchung, Phänomenologie. - 2.31 Anordnung, Verwachsungen und Habitus der Apatite. - 2.32 Die Einschlüsse der Apatite. - 2.321 Cavitätenformen, Füllungen, Dimensionen. - 2.322 Kriterien für primäre Einschlußbildung und sekundäre Veränderungen. - 2.323 Unterschiedliche Einschlußführung in Apatiten und anderen Mineralen. - 3. Apparaturen. - 3.1 Die mikrothermische Apparatur. - 3.11 Konzeption und Ausführung des Beiz-Kühltisches. - 3.12 Eichung des Beiz-Kühltisches. - 3.13 Präzision und Probleme im Meßbetrieb. - 3.2 Kühlplatte. - 3.3 Quetschtisch. - 4. Zur Theorie der Einschlußuntersuchungen. - 4.1 Geometrische Berechnungen. - 4.11 Berechnung des Cavitätenvolumens. - 4.12 Fehlerdiskussion. - 4.13 Grenzen der optischen Auflösung. - 4.2 Zur Theorie der Phasenverhältnisse. - 4.21 Einschlußbildung und Phasentrennung. - 4.22 Phasenverhältnisse in Einkomponentensystemen, Homogenisierungskurven. - 4.23 Phasenverhältnisse in Wasser-Salz-Systemen: H2O-NaCl; H2O-NaCl-KCl. - 4.24 Phasenverhältnisse in Wasser-Gas-Systemen: CO2-H2O. - 5. Konstruktion der Phasendiagramme. - 5.1 H2O. - 5.2 CO2. - 5.3 H2O-NaCl. - 5.4 CO2-H2O. - 5.5 Wasser-Salzsysteme mit kritischen Endpunkten (PQ-Systeme). - 5.6 Wasser-Salzsysteme bei stark positivem Temperaturkoeffizient der Löslichkeit der Salzkomponente: H2O-KCl, H2O-NaCl-KCl. - 5.7 System CO2-H2O-NaCl. - 6. Untersuchungsergebnisse. - 6.1 Experimentelle Untersuchungen an einzelnen Einschlüssen: Mikrothermometrie und destruktive Methoden. - 6.11 Einphasige Einschlüsse mit Gasfüllung. - 6.12 Calcit als Einphaseneinschluß im Apatit. - 6.13 Zweiphaseneinschlüsse L+V. - 6.14 Dreiphaseneinschlüsse LH2O + LCO2 +V. - 6.15 Einschlüsse mit übersättigten Lösungen (Multiphaseneinschlüsse). - 6.16 Fluide Einschlüsse im Calcit des Carbonatits. - 6.2 Analytische Untersuchungen. - 6.21 Kationen und Anionen in wäßrigen Extrakten des Apatitmahlgutes. - 6.22 Bitumenphasen in organischen Solventextrakten. - 6.23 Gasanalytische Messungen. - 7. Genetische Interpretation der Einschlußresultate. - 7.1 Das Subsystem H2O-Salzphasen. - 7.11 H2O-NaCl. - 7.12 H2O-NaCl-Na2SO4/Na2CO3. - 7.13 H2O-NaCl-KCl. - 7.2 Druckmodelle im seichten, subvulkanischen Niveau. - 7.21 Hydrostatische Bedingungen. - 7.22 Lithostatische Bedingungen. - 7.3 Das Subsystem CO2-H2O 7.4 Kombination der Teilsysteme, das System CO2-H2O-NaCl bei volumenkontrollierten Bedingungen. - 7.5 Zusammenfassung und Vergleich mit den Resultaten aus anderen Carbonatitlokalitäten. - 8. Petrogenetische Schlußfolgerungen. - 8.1 Magmatische Carbonatitintrusion und autometasomatische Folgeprozesse. - 8.2 Hydrothermaltransport des Calcits. - 8.3 Überlegungen zur Herkunft der Salzphasen. - 8.4 Künftige, weiterführende Untersuchungen. - 8.5 Zusammenfassung. - 9.0 Anhang I Abbildungen. - 10.0 Anhang II Originalmeßwerte.
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  • 94
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/38
    In: CRREL Report, 82-38
    Description / Table of Contents: Extreme cold causes heavy buildup of frost, ice and condensation on many windows. It also increases the incentive for improving the airtightness of windows against heat loss. Our study shows that tightening specifications for Alaskan windows to permit only 30% of the air leakage allowed by current American airtightness standards is economically attractive. We also recommend triple glazing in much of Alaska to avoid window icing in homes and barracks. We base our conclusions on a two-year field study of Alaskan military bases that included recording humidity and temperature data, observing moisture accumulation on windows and measuring airtightness with a fan pressurization device.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 26 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-38
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Previous work in cold weather window performance Investigation Data acquisition and analysis Modeling the window thermal regime Moisture and ice observations Airtightness testing and analysis Annual heat loss from air leakage Results and conclusions Moisture on windows Airtightness Airtightness economics Recommendations for windows in extreme cold Airtightness Multiple glazing Literature cited Appendix A: Moisture levels and airtightness Appendix B: Dewpoint data Appendix C: Sample observations of icing
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  • 95
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Sosnowiec : Uniwersytet Śląski, Instytut Geografii
    Call number: AWI P9-83-1079
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 248 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Language: Polish
    Note: Contents: A snow cover in the region of Fiord Hornsund on Spitsbergen / J. Pereyma. - Temperature rations in summer on the Waldemar Glacier and on the Waldemar sea lowland / G. Wójcik, K. Marciniak, R. Przybylak. - Precipitation and evaporation in Werenskiold Glacier district / A. Szczepankiewicz-Szmyrka. - Biometeorological conditions on the Werenskiold Glacier forefield in summer of 1980 / A. Szczepankiewicz-Szmyrka. - Some notes on wind directions in the West Spitsbergen in 1980 / K. Gerstmann. - Radar measurements of the thickness of the Werenskiold Glacier / R. Czajkowski - The analysis of movements of the Werenskiold Glacier based on dating of fossil moss / H. Chmal - Increase in the mass of the firn snow in the glacial amphiteatre of the Penck Glacier in the period 1934 to 1958 / C. Lipert - Some automatic systems to collect and transmission stored data using various radio-links / J. Molski. - Würm and Holocene glaciations of North-Western Sörkappland exemplified by the Slakli Valley, Spitsbergen / P. Kłysz, L. Lindner. - The marine origin of Lisbetdalen mezorelief SW Spitsbergen / W. Stankowski - Raised marine terraces of Kulmstranda North-Western Sörkappland / P. Kłysz, L. Lindner - The geomorphological sketch map of the Gåsdalen region, South Spitsbergen / J. Jania, Z. Lentowicz, T. Szczypek, J. Wach. - Last deglaciation of Treskelen Peninsula, Hornsund, Svalbard / L. Marks. - The recession of Vitkovski Glacier as recorded in its marginal zone / L. Andrzejewski, w. Stankowski. - Degradation processes on the end moraine of the Werenskiold Glacier / J. Cegła, J. Kida. - Studies of the dessication crack on the forefield of the Werenskiold Glacier / J. Cegła. - The beginning and evolution of the marginal outwash on the forefield of the Eliza Glacier / A. Olazewski. K. Sendobry. - Summer thawing of the ground in the Kaffiöyra, SW Spitsbergen / K. Marciniak, W. Szczepanik, R. Przybylak - Morphology and sedimentary environments of the Baszkara ·and Dzankuat Glaciers in the High Kaukas / A. Karczewski, A. Kostrzewski,P. W. Kowalew. - Stratigraphic position and remarks on sedimentation of the Brentskardhaugen Bed, Spitsbergen / A. Wierzbowski, G. Biernat, C. Kulicki. - Some remarks concerning the structure of groups of the bottom fauna of the Admiralty Bay - King George Island, South Shetland / P. Presler, K. Jażdżewski·, W. Jurasz, W. Kittel, J. Siciński. - Biological indexes of the hydrological conditions - observations from Hornsund region, Spitsbergen / J. M. Węsławski. - The habitability of the littoraly rocks in region Steinvika and Hyttevika Bays, Vestspitsbergen / O. Różycki, M. Gruszczynski. - Some aspects of the acoustical estimation of the krill abundance / M. Brzozowska. - Liberation of carbon dioxide from tundra soils / H. Dziadowiec. - Exploration in the Hornsundfiord region / J. Szupryczyński. - , In polnischer Sprache
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  • 96
    Call number: AWI G6-19-92758
    In: 2nd Working Meeting "Radioisotope Application and Radiation Processing in Industry", Abstracts of papers
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 167 Seiten
    Language: English
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  • 97
    Call number: ZSP-SCAR-570-3
    In: National Antarctic Research Report to SCAR, No. 3
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 16 Seiten
    ISSN: 0179-0072
    Series Statement: National Antarctic Research Report to SCAR 3
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 80-October 81. - II. Planned Activities, October 81-October 82. - References.
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  • 98
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
    Call number: AWI P2-19-92186
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 23 Seiten
    Language: English
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  • 99
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/13
    In: CRREL Report, 82-13
    Description / Table of Contents: Frost heave is analyzed for the common case in which some ice penetrates the soil. In this situation, heave is due to the accumulation of soil-free ice just within the frozen zone, behind a frozen fringe of finite thickness. Heat and mass transport within and across that fringe are crucial processes in the dynamics of heave. This analysis concentrates on activity within the fringe, also connecting that activity to heat and mass flows in the more frozen and unfrozen zones. Each component in a set of governing differential equations is developed from rational physics and thermodynamics, using previous experimental work. It is assumed that the soil ice grows through interconnected interstices; hence it constitutes and can move as a rigid body. When the assumption is translated into mathematical terms, it completes the governing equations. The model resulting from these considerations is a one-dimensional finite element computer program that solves the equations for arbitrary initial and boundary conditions. The model is used to simulate the heave history of a hypothetical soil column frozen unidirectionally and subjected to a surcharge. The results are gratifying in that they predict qualitatively the characteristics of numerous laboratory observations. Some questions about the completeness of the theory remain, and strict verification of the model awaits further experimentation and better parameter identification.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 11 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-13
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-82/11
    In: CRREL Report, 82-11
    Description / Table of Contents: The purpose of this investigation was to provide data to be used in evaluating the effects of winter navigation on pro­cesses that cause bank erosion. The specific objectives were to document bank conditions and erosion sites along the rivers, to monitor and compare the amounts of winter and summer bank recession and change, and to estimate the amount of recession that occurred prior to winter navigation. Shoreline conditions and bank recession were documented during field surveys each spring and fall. Bank changes were evaluated by comparison to observations from a previous survey. Aerial photointerpretation was done to estimate the amount of bank recession that occurred prior to winter navigation. Three hundred forty-five miles of river shoreline were surveyed. Banks were eroding along 21.5 miles (6.2%). The common types of bank failures were soil falls (sloughing) and block sliding and slumping. The erosion along approxi­mately 15 miles (70%) of the 21.5 miles was occurring along reaches not bordering winter navigation channels.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 75 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-11
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Previous investigations Approach Shoreline conditions Bank changes Bank recession before winter navigation St. Marys River Bank changes Bank recession before winter navigation St. Clair River Bank changes Bank recession before winter navigation Detroit River Bank changes Bank recession before winter navigation St. Lawrence River Bank changes Historical bank recession Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: St. Marys River Appendix B: St. Clair River Appendix C: Detroit River Appendix D: St. Lawrence River
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