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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enhanced effects with scanning force microscopy (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 7330-7332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We present a general theory that describes the operation of scanning force microscopy in the contact force regime. We find that force derivatives along the surface of a sample produce images that can be dramatically enhanced relative to those of surface topography. For scanning tunneling microscopy atomic force microscopy (STM/AFM) and AFM configurations, the spring constant of the cantilever and the force derivatives perpendicular to the surface of the sample determine the enhancement, respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347586
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Time-dependent collisional-radiative model for quantitative study of nonequilibrium plasma (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 5016-5027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In this paper fully time-dependent collisional-radiative (CR) calculations are used to study the highly dynamic nonequilibrium anode plasma in a magnetically insulated-diode experiment. The CR model for the C i–C iv atomic system is described in detail, including the radiative and collisional rates and the level structure of the system. The electron temperature is determined by comparing time-dependent line intensities for C ii and C iii ions to calculations of level-population ratios in which continuous particle injection from the anode surface into the plasma is taken into account. The electron temperature is approximately 7 eV. The time-dependent injected fluxes and the fluxes accelerated away from the plasma for C i, C ii, and C iii are determined by inverting the coupled CR rate equations. The calculated extracted flux near the end of the pulse is consistent with the measured carbon-ion current drawn from the plasma. Injection of excited particles is also investigated and is found to be important during the rise of the current pulse (≤50 ns). The importance of including multiple branching for ionization into excited final states is also shown. The time-dependent cooling rate due to inelastic electron-ion collisions and radiative processes is derived for general level-population distributions and is used to investigate the anode plasma. This work should also be relevant in the study of other pulsed-power nonequilibrium plasmas, such as recombining plasmas that have applications for UV and x-ray lasers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347089
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Plasma flows and fluctuations in intense ion-beam diodes (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 758-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A possible source of electric field fluctuations in the anode plasma of a magnetically insulated ion diode which have been observed in recent experiments is discussed. It is suggested that these fluctuations are driven by the ion flow which destabilizes an electrostatic mode akin to two-stream instability. Evidence is presented for such a flow and its implications for the electric field polarization and magnitude are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870767
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Visible-light spectroscopy of pulsed-power plasmas (invited) : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 5127-5131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We describe the investigations of the plasma behavior in three pulsed-power systems: a magnetically insulated ion diode, and plasma opening switch, and a gas-puffed Z pinch. Recently developed spectroscopic diagnostic techniques allow for measurements with relatively high spectral, temporal, and spatial resolutions. The particle velocity and density distributions within a few tens of microns from the dielectric-anode surface are observed using laser spectroscopy. Fluctuating electric fields in the plasma are inferred from anisotropic Stark broadening. For the plasma opening switch experiment, a novel gaseous plasma source was developed which is mounted inside the high-voltage inner conductor. The properties of this source, together with spectroscopic observations of the electron density and particle velocities of the injected plasma, are described. Emission line intensities during the switch operation are discussed. In the Z-pinch experiment, spectral emission-line profiles of various charge-state ions are studied during the implosion phase. Radial velocity distributions are observed from the line Doppler shifts and widths.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143461
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cyclotron resonance phenomena in a non-neutral multispecies ion plasma (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 2895-2907 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Cyclotron modes of a non-neutral Mg ion plasma were studied in a long cylindrical Penning–Malmberg trap. Several modes with angular dependence exp(ilθ), l≥1, are observed near the cyclotron frequencies of the various Mg ions. The l=1 modes for the majority species are downshifted from the cyclotron frequencies, with downshifts as large as four times the diocotron frequency. These large shifts are quantitatively explained by a multispecies cold-plasma theory, including the dependence on the plasma size and composition. These dependencies allow the plasma size and composition to be obtained from the measured mode frequencies. In contrast, the l=1 downshifts for minority species are generally close to twice the diocotron frequency, and remain unexplained. Cyclotron heating of the plasma ions was also observed with a surprising effect of improving the plasma confinement. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871189
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new pure ion plasma device with laser induced fluorescence diagnostic (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 2367-2377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We describe a new apparatus for magnetic confinement of a pure ion plasma, with laser diagnostics to measure test particle transport across the magnetic field. In addition to the axisymmetric trapping potential, rotating electrostatic wall perturbation is used to counteract the plasma loss processes, giving steady-state ion confinement for weeks. Electronic spin polarization of the ion ground states is used to label the test particles; this spin orientation is controlled by direct optical pumping. The laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique is used to nondestructively measure the ion velocity distribution; and an absolute calibration of the charge density is obtained from the LIF measurement of the plasma rotation velocity. Two new technological improvements compatible with ultrahigh vacuum systems have been used: a semirigid Teflon insulated coaxial cable has low microphonic noise, and an antireflective coating is used to reduce reflection of ultraviolet light inside the vacuum chamber. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148119
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Improved atomic force microscope using a laser diode interferometer (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 3905-3908 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: The performance of an atomic force microscope using a laser diode interferometer has been improved to the point where its resolution is comparable to that of laser beam deflection systems. We describe the structure of this microscope, present a model that takes into account the main parameters associated with its operation, and demonstrate its sensitivity by showing images of a small area scan with atomic resolution as well as a large area scan in a stand-alone configuration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143289
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of effective optical constants of magnetic multilayers (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 2059-2061 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The effective optical and magneto-optical constants of a series of Cu/Co multilayer films are determined experimentally and compared with a theoretical thin-film model based on the bulk optical constants of Cu and Co. In the multilayer series, the atomic percentages of Cu and Co were kept fixed and the period varied from 0.4 to 13.6 nm. Deviations from bulk-like behavior in the effective optical constants are observed for multilayers with periods less than 3 nm.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101165
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Probing of basal planes of MoS2 by scanning tunneling microscopy (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 2252-2254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Atomically resolved images of MoS2 have been obtained using scanning tunneling microscopy with both positively and negatively biased samples yielding the hexagonal symmetry of the surface of the crystal. Also measured were curves of tunneling current as a function of bias voltage, from which the density of states of the valence and conduction bands can be inferred.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99769
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electronic optical bistability in a GaAs/AlGaAs strip-loaded waveguide (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 1209-1211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Optical bistability of electronic origin has been observed in strip-loaded waveguides in a GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well structure. Single-mode waveguides were fabricated by reactive ion etching of an epitaxial AlGaAs layer above the quantum wells. The waveguides were operated as nonlinear Fabry–Perot étalons with 30% reflectors provided by the cleaved ends. Phase shifts of 2π were observed in some devices.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99002
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