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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 122 (1965), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 2059-2061 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effective optical and magneto-optical constants of a series of Cu/Co multilayer films are determined experimentally and compared with a theoretical thin-film model based on the bulk optical constants of Cu and Co. In the multilayer series, the atomic percentages of Cu and Co were kept fixed and the period varied from 0.4 to 13.6 nm. Deviations from bulk-like behavior in the effective optical constants are observed for multilayers with periods less than 3 nm.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6144-6146 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic and noise properties of oriented CoCrTa/Cr media sputtered at temperatures from ambient to 250 °C were studied and correlated with microstructural data from HRSEM and HRTEM micrographs. Coercivity increases monotonically and loop squareness decreases with substrate temperature. Transition and uniform magnetization noise power are highest for media sputtered at 150 °C. Micrographs and noise powers show that the media sputtered at 150 °C is relatively highly exchange-coupled. Media sputtered below 150 °C shows topographic isolation, and those sputtered above 150 °C exhibit increasing intergranular isolation of about 10 A(ring) and thus lower exchange. Coercivity varies linearly but exchange drops abruptly at high temperature. Other mechanisms besides exchange contribute to the coercivity variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5881-5881 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the polar Kerr effect to investigate the magnetic coupling between two 3-monolayer (ML)-thick ferromagnetic fcc-Fe films separated by a Cu spacer layer in epitaxial Cu60Fe3CuxFe3Cu(100) structures specially prepared to have atomically sharp interfaces. We have observed concurrent oscillations in the interlayer exchange coupling strength and the zero-ellipticity polar Kerr rotation as a function of x. The oscillation in exchange coupling covers at least four periods (x=0–30 ML), and has a phase consistent with antiferromagnetic coupling in the limit of zero-Cu-spacer-layer thickness. Preliminary evidence indicates that the oscillation in exchange coupling is not only in magnitude, but may involve alternation between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic states. We note the similarity between two distinct magnetic/nonmagnetic layered systems: Co/Ru1 and our Fe/Cu/Fe, both of which exhibit oscillations in the magnitude of the exchange coupling with periods of ∼7 ML, and have phases consistent with antiferromagnetic coupling in the limit of zero-spacer-layer thickness. Finally, our samples exhibit a major enhancement in the Kerr rotation over that expected on the basis of plasma resonant absorption. Close correlation of this enhancement with the strength of the interlayer magnetic coupling suggests a common mechanism for these effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4384-4390 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the magnetic anisotropy of a series of Pd/Co multilayers grown by magnetically enhanced dc triode sputter deposition revealed an interface contribution of 0.53 erg/cm2 and a net volume anisotropy of −13.2×108 erg/cm3. A characteristic reduction of perpendicular anisotropy for ultrathin Co layers (〈4 A(ring)) is explained by using a pair interaction model to evaluate a thickness dependence of the interface anisotropy. For Pd-Co interfaces with perfectly sharp composition modulation an interface anisotropy of 0.79 erg/cm2 is predicted. By modeling the magnetization behavior a domain-wall energy density of 2±0.5 erg/cm2 is obtained for Pd/Co (2 A(ring)) multilayers with Pd thicknesses in the range of 4–20 A(ring). For perpendicular Pd75Co25 alloy thin films the same model gives domain-wall energy densities in the range of 1–2 erg/cm2. For ultrathin Co layers the interlayer Co–Co coupling range is ∼20 A(ring). Temperature dependence of saturation magnetization of a Pd(11 A(ring))/Co(7.8 A(ring)) multilayer demonstrates complete mixing of Pd and Co by 380 °C.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4040-4045 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR) of cobalt/copper multilayer films has been measured close to the critical edge for total reflection. Prominent features in the scattered neutron intensity, such as the superlattice diffraction peaks and the positions of the critical edge for total reflection, are sensitive to both the magnetic and structural properties of films, making PNR a useful tool for the characterization of magnetic metallic superlattices. The films were prepared by sputter deposition and the sample composition was measured by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. It has been found that while the density of the sputtered copper/cobalt multilayers is approximately 5% less than the bulk metals, the cobalt magnetic dipole moment per atom is little changed compared to the bulk. Evidence is also found for oxidation of the top cobalt layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 652-654 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Love waves have been observed for the first time by Brillouin scattering. The c12 constant of the metallic superlattice Cu/Nb has been measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Journal of applied ichthyology 21 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The primary objective of this study was to identify and characterize juvenile white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) habitat in the Lower Fraser River downstream of Hope, BC, Canada. A secondary objective was to estimate the juvenile white sturgeon population in the Lower Fraser River. A total of 1867 white sturgeon was captured with gill nets at 26 sites in the Lower Fraser River. The greatest numbers of sturgeon were caught in three sloughs; all but three sturgeon were captured in the June to August period. These three sloughs all had water deeper than 5 m and current that was multidirectional. Turbidity ranged greatly from 1.5 NTU (Nephelometric Units) to 67.0 NTU and the substrate of most sites was fine sediments, fine sand, silt and clay. Stomach contents were mysid shrimp (Mysidacea), midge larvae (Chironomidae) and peamouth chub (Mylocheilus caurinus). We identified three of 26 sites with appreciable numbers of juvenile sturgeon, identified water quality parameters of these sites, identified any incidental species that might be prey and also determined that between 1985 and 1993 the juvenile white sturgeon population had declined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 552-555 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55.B ; 06.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a new method for producing intensity stabilization of cw lasers. This method incorporates negative feedback from a nonlinear saturable absorber to provide wideband noise-reduction and may produce an output beam for which shot noise is below the quantum limit. This new method can be used with a large variety of cw lasers and is particularly applicable to frequency-stabilized lasers which are locked to absorption lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 105 (1936), S. 373-378 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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