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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal Tree Contraction and Term Matching on the Hypercube and Related Networks (1997)
    Springer
    Algorithmica 18 (1997), S. 445-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0541
    Keywords: Key words. Algebraic tree computation, Formula evaluation, Tree contraction, Term matching, Hypercube.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. An optimal tree contraction algorithm for the boolean hypercube and the constant-degree hypercubic networks, such as the shuffle exchange or the butterfly network, is presented. The algorithm is based on novel routing techniques and, for certain small subtrees, simulates optimal PRAM algorithms. For trees of size n, stored on a p processor hypercube in in-order, the running time of the algorithm is $O(\lceil n/p\rceil\log p)$ . The resulting speed-up of $O(p/\log p)$ is optimal due to logarithmic communication overhead, as shown by a corresponding lower bound. The same algorithmic ingredients can also be used to solve the term matching problem, one of the fundamental problems in logic programming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00009165
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Speciational evolution or punctuated equilibria
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Social and Biological Systems 12 (1989), S. 137-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0140-1750
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-1750(89)90041-9
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method for the study of 100 ns to 10 μs activities excited by 14.7 MeV neutrons
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods 96 (1971), S. 213-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-554X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0029-554X(71)90456-3
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The X-ray structures of two mutant crystallin domains shed light on the evolution of multi-domain proteins (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural biology 3 (1996), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] We use protein engineering and crystallography to simulate aspects of the early evolution of βγ-crystallins by observing how a single domain oligomerizes in response to changes in a sequence extension. The crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of γβ-crystallin with its ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb0396-267
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of short-lived activities in ^1^8F, ^2^2Na, ^4^0K, 85Rb and ^9^2Mo excited by 14.7 MeV fast neutrons
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 180 (1972), S. 587-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0375-9474(72)90880-9
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses, constitutions and properties of stentorin and isostentorin (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 1311-1321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Stentorin ; Isostentorin ; Synthesis ; Dissociation ; Protonation ; Deprotonation ; Spectroscopic properties ; Association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Stentorin und Isostentorin wurden ausgehend von 2-Isopropyl-1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxyanthron durch Dimerisierung und anschließende Chromatographie der Regioisomeren dargestellt. Das Anthron wurde in vier Schritten aus einfach zugänglichen, entprechend funktionalisierten Benzolderivaten erhalten; die Gesamtausbeute der Stentorine betrug dabei 11%. Die Konstitutionen von Stentorin und Isostentorin wurden zweifelsfrei aus den1H NMR Spektren der Kaliumsalze abgeleitet und waren in Übereinstimmung mit einem früher erzielten Ergebnis einer Synthesestudie. Die spektroskopischen, Dissoziations- und Säure-Basen-Eigenschaften in Grund- und angeregtem Zustand, sowie die chiroptischen Eigenschaften des Human-Serumalbuminkomplexes wurden untersucht und diskutiert und mit den entsprechenden Daten von Hypericin, Fringelit D und dem natürlichenStentor-Pigment verglichen.
    Notes: Summary Stentorin and Isostentorin were synthesized from 2-isopropyl-1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxyanthrone by dimerization and chromatographic separation of the resulting regioisomers. The anthrone was prepared in four steps starting from easily available properly substituted benzene derivatives; the overall yield of the stentorins was 11%. The constitutions of stentorin and isostentorin could be unequivocally assigned from the1H NMR spectra of their potassium salts and were found to be in agreement with those derived recently by means of a rational synthesis. The spectroscopic, dissociation, and acid-base properties in ground and excited states as well as the chiroptical properties of the human serum albumin complexes were investigated and discussed comparing them with respective data of hypericin, fringelite D, and the naturalStentor pigment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807060
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concerningbay salt andperi chelate formation of hydroxyphenanthroperylene quinones (fringelites) (1997)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 128 (1997), S. 353-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Alkaline earth metal ions ; Deprotonation ; UV/Vis spectra ; Fossil fringelites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die bathochromen Verschiebungen in den diffusen Reflexionsspektren gewisser Fringelit enthaltender Fossilien sowie die ungewöhnliche chemische Stabilität der Fringelite und deren Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Auswaschung innerhalb geologischer Zeiträume können aus dem ausgeprägten Komplexierungsverhalten der Fringelite mit Übergangsmetallionen verstanden werden. Aus der absorptionsspektroskopischen Studie des Modellsystems Fringelit D-Erdalkali- und Übergangsmetallionen wird abgeleitet, daß die Fringelite fähig sind,peri-Chelate zu bilden. Zusätzlich dazu können Fringelite, die überbay-Hydroxylgruppen verfügen, polymere Salze mit Erdalkali- und Übergangsmetallionen bilden. Dies führt zu einem komplexen Gitterwerk, das aus diesen polymeren Ketten, welche durch die Chelierung mit Übergangsmetallionen im Bereich derperi-Hydroxylgruppen vernetzt sind, besteht.
    Notes: Summary The bathochromic shifts in the diffuse reflectance UV/Vis spectra of certain fringelite containing fossil species and the exceptional chemical stability of the fringelites and their resistance against leaching on a geological time scale can be understood from the unique complexation behavior of the fringelites with transition metal ions. According to an absorption spectroscopic study of the model system fringelite D-alkaline earth metal and transition metal ions, the fringelites are able to formperi chelate complexes. In addition, fringelites bearingbay hydroxyl groups are able to form polymeric phenolates with transition metal ions as well as with alkaline earth metal ions. This behavior leads to a complex network lattice consisting of these polymeric chains crosslinkedvia chelate coordination at theperi regions to transition metal ions like iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00810771
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Weinschönung (1929)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 47 (1929), S. 141-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01496956
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of fringelite D (1,3,4,6,8,10,11,13-octahydroxy-phenanthro[1,10,9,8,o,p,q,r,a]perylene-7,14-dione) (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 699-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Fringelite D ; Synthesis ; Dissociation ; Protonation ; Deprotonation ; Spectroscopic properties ; Association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Fringelit D wurde auf zwei effizienten Routen aus 1,3,6,8-Tetramethoxyanthracen-9-ol synthetisiert. Die erste umfaßt Demethylierung und anschließende Dimerisierung. Die andere beginnt mit der Dimerisierung zu Octamethylfringelit D und endet mit einer Demethylierung. Das Ausgangsmaterial wurde in vier Stufen aus kommerziell zugänglichen Edukten dargestellt; der Schlüsselschritt ist eineortho-Lithiierung eines Benzamids. Die spektroskopischen Eigenschaften von Fringelit D wurden gemessen und werden diskutiert. Die Dissoziations-, Deprotonierungs- und Protonierungsgleichgewichte wurden durch ihrepK-Werte in Grundzustand und angeregtem Zustand charakterisiert und mit jenen des Hypericins verglichen. Die Homo- und Hetero-assoziationseigenschaften von Fringelit D sind jenen des Hypericins ähnlich.
    Notes: Summary Fringelite D was synthesized from 1,3,6,8-tetramethoxyanthracen-9-olvia two different efficient routes. The first one involved demethylation and subsequent dimerization. The other one started with dimerization to yield octamethylfringelite D and subsequent demethylation. The starting material was prepared in four steps from commercially available educts, the key step being a benzamideortho-lithiation. The spectroscopic properties of fringelite D were measured and are discussed. The dissociation, deprotonation, and protonation equilibria of fringelite D were characterized by their respectivepK values in ground and excited states and compared with those of hypericin. Homo- and heteroassociation properties of fringelite D were found to be similar to those of hypericin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807161
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concerning the acidity and hydrogen bonding of hydroxyphenanthroperylene quinones like fringelite D, hypericin, and stentorin (1996)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 127 (1996), S. 1229-1237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Hypericin ; Fringelite ; Stentorin ; Phenolate ions ; Hydrogen bonding ; Ab initio calculations ; Acidity ; Isotope effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die stark erhöhte Acidität der bay-Hydroxylgruppen gegenüber jener derperi-Hydroxylgruppen von Fringelit D, Hypericin und Stentorin läßt sich auf der Basis einer vinylogen Carbonsäure verstehen und wurde auch durch semiempirische Rechnungen vom AM1-Typ erhärtet. Daten aus unabhängigen Experimenten wie Polarisationsspektroskopie, Lochbrennen und Isotopeneffekte sowie semiempirische AM1- undab initio-Rechnungen auf 6–31G Niveau belegen ein unsymmetrisches Wasserstoffbrückenbindungssystem sowohl für denperi-als auch denbay-Bereich der entsprechendenbay-Phenolationen.
    Notes: Summary The strongly enhanced acidity of the bay hydroxyl group as compared to the respectiveperi hydroxyl groups of fringelite D, hypericin, and stentorin could be rationalized on the basis of a vinylogous carboxylic acid and was nicely corroborated by semiempirical calculations of the AM1 type. Experimental data obtained from several independent experimental methods, like polarized absorption spectroscopy, hole burning, and isotope effects, as well as from semiempirical AM1 and 6–31G levelab initio calculations conclusively pointed to dissymmetrical hydrogen bonding systems in both theperi andbay regions of the correspondingbay phenolate ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807789
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