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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dielectric relaxation of polyorganophosphazenes (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers and materials 2 (1992), S. 255-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8870
    Schlagwort(e): Polyorganophosphazene ; dielectric relaxation ; two-site model ; conformation analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Dielectric relaxation spectra of poly(bis-trifluoroethoxy phosphazene) (PBFP), poly(bis-n-propoxy phosphazene) (PBPP), and poly(bis-n-propylamino phosphazene) (PBPAP) were measured in wide temperature and frequency regions, and the α-relaxation caused by micro-Brownian motion of segments in the rubbery state and the β-relaxation due to the local motions of the polymer in the glassy region were observed. The dielectric spectra of PBFP at temperatures higher than the rubbery region exhibited a mesophase transition at 358 K. From conformation analysis according to the two-site model, it has been elucidated that the mechanism for β-relaxation of these samples is hindered internal rotation of the side groups.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00696551
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of 1-nitropyrene retained in leaves of roadside trees (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 53 (1994), S. 888-894 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196220
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On boundary integral equation formulation for axisymmetric problems of transversely isotropic media (1991)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 61 (1991), S. 414-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Übersicht Behandelt wird die Formulierung der Randintegralgleichung für den axialsymmetrischen, elastisch transversal-isotropen Körper. Es wird angenommen, daß die Achse der elastischen Symmetrie mit der Rotationsachse zusammenfällt und der Körper einer beliebigen axialsymmetrischen Belastung ohne Torsion unterworfen ist. Ausgeführte numerische Beispiele werden mit Ergebnissen der Finite-Element-Methode verglichen.
    Notizen: Summary In this paper we deal with the formulation of the axisymmetric boundary integral equation for the transversely isotropic elastic body. We assume that the axis of elastic symmetry is coincident with the axis of rotation and that the elastic body is subjected to arbitrary axisymmetric loading without torsion. Numerical calculations are carried out and compared with results by the finite element method.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00790132
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On free-space Green's functions of a transversely isotropic elastic medium subjected to torsionless ring-like loading (1991)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 61 (1991), S. 222-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Übersicht Die Greenschen Funktionen für den unendlichen, elastisch transversal-isotropen Körper unter einer ringförmigen, axialsymmetrischen Belastung, die torsionsfrei sei, werden hergeleitet. Dazu werden zwei Potentialfunktionen eingeführt und die Hankel- und Fouriertransformation angewandt. Der isotrope Sonderfall wird ebenfalls angegeben.
    Notizen: Summary In this paper we deal with the one of the ways to obtain a free-space Green's function of a transversely isotropic infinite elastic medium which is subjected to a ring-like axisymmetric loading. We assume that the loading is torsionless. To solve the problem, we introduce two potential functions and apply the Hankel and the Fourier transforms. As a special case we solve the same problem of the isotropic medium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00794347
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Disposition of β-hexachlorocyclohexane, p,p′-DDT, and trans-chlordane administered subcutaneously to monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 22 (1992), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract To evaluate skin lipid analysis for the accumulation level of environmental pollutants, the correlations between organochlorine pesticide residues in adipose tissue, blood, and skin lipids of monkeys were studied. The mixture of β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), p,p′-DDT, and trans-chlordane was subcutaneously given to monkeys once weekly for 5 weeks at dose levels of 1 and 10 mg/kg. The chemicals distributed in adipose tissue, blood, and skin lipids were determined six times after the last dosing at intervals of 4 to 9 weeks. Oxychlordane and p,p′-DDE were detected in all tissues together with the administered chemicals. In blood and adipose tissue, trans-chlordane decreased rapidly and oxychlordane and p,p′-DDE increased gradually and then remained at constant levels. β-HCH and p,p′-DDT in adipose tissue increased until the 12th week and then decreased in all animals. The correlation coefficients between blood and adipose tissue regardless of dose level and collection time for each chemical ranged from 0.83 to 0.94. Correlation coefficients between skin lipids and adipose tissue varied with the chemical, namely, 0.31, 0.72, 0.81, 0.81, and 0.83 for p,p′-DDE, tras-chlordane, p,p′-DDT, β-HCH, and oxychlordane, respectively. The results indicated that skin lipid analysis may be useful for the evaluation of specific pollutants in the body burden.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213298
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamic sweating response of man to infrared irradiation in various spectral regions (1991)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 35 (1991), S. 18-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Schlagwort(e): Sweating ; Infrared irradiation ; Spectral region ; Cutaneous thermoreceptor ; Skin temperature
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geographie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract In an attempt to detect differences in the thermal effect of infrared irradiation of different wavelengths, transient sweating response to infrared irradiation in various spectral regions was examined. In Series 1, the ventral or dorsal surface of the nude subject was irradiated repetitively for a period of 4 min (2 min on, 2 min off) by each of three kinds of infrared heaters with main emissivity in ‘near-infrared’ (NIR; 0.7–2.8 μm), ‘intermediate-infrared’ (MIR; 1.5–5.8 μm), and ‘far-infrared’ (FIR; 2.8–25 μm) regions. The sweating response on a non-irradiated area tended to be the greatest with MIR, while the magnitude of the sweating response on the irradiated area showed no consistent differences among various wavelengths. The results infer that MIR stimulated cutaneous thomoreceptors most effectively, while its direct effect on local sweat gland activity was minimal. In Series 2, the effects of 9–12 min irradiations in more restricted ranges of wavelength were compared by the combination of the three kinds of heaters with filters (translucent to wavelength ranges of 1.3–2.7, 2.7–3.5, 3.6–8.0 μm, respectively). The sweating response on a remote area was predominantly greater with the range of 2.7–3.5 μm than with the other wavelength ranges, while the local effect on sweating was minimal with this range. The results of Series 2 reinforce those of Series 1, indicating that the degree of stimulation of cutaneous thermoreceptors and of direct thermal effect on sweat gland activity differ with spectral regions incident on the skin, thus affecting local and remote effects on the sweating response.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01040958
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Population dynamics of japanese serow in relation to social organization and habitat conditions. I. Stability of Japanese serow density in stable habitat conditions (1993)
    Springer
    Ecological research 8 (1993), S. 11-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1703
    Schlagwort(e): density stability ; habitat ; Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) ; population dynamics ; social organization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The density of a Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) population, which has been in stable habitat conditions and free from hunting and predation, was investigated by direct observation of serows at Kusoudomari (336 ha), Wakinosawa village, Aomori Prefecture, Japan, during 1977–89. The vegetation, composed of mature mixed forest ofThujopsis with deciduous trees (43.2%), secondary forest of deciduous trees (23.4%) and a plantation of coniferous trees (30.0%) showed little change during the study period. The serows were counted 17 times each winter for 14 consecutive years. The serow population maintained a stable density with a mean of 12.5 individuals km−2 (SD=1.4) ranging from 8.6 to 14.6 km−2. The ratio of the proportion of kids (〈1 year old) to serows more than 1 year old decreased, but density did not decrease during the study period. Though extremely severe winters with heavy snowfall in 1984–86 caused a decline in serow density, the density recovered within a few years. It was considered that the stability of the serow density resulted mainly from the stable food supply and the lack of human disturbance, such as forest cutting in the habitat. Stable population density for a long period is probably related to the social organization of the serow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02348602
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fundamental properties in fractal nature and thermal analysis of powders (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 38 (1992), S. 1901-1910 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Schlagwort(e): fractal ; TA of powders ; theory of stochastic processes ; size distribution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Basierend auf einer Aufstellung in der Theorie stochastischer Prozesse wurde eine Hauptgleichung für die Größeverteilung eingeführt, die einen Größenminderungsvorgang beschreibt. Unter Anwendung einer absoluten Größenkonstante und eines Skalenkonzeptes kann man zu einer verallgemeinerten Form der Gaudin-Schuhmann-Gleichung und der Rosin-Rammler-Gleichung gelangen und die enge Beziehung der beiden Formeln zeigen. Von einem neuentwickelten Gesichtspunkt aus wird gezeigt, daß die Gaudin-Schuhmann-Gleichung das Gesetz der Selbstähnlichkeit der Verteilung in der Fractaltheorie erfüllt und bei der Bestimmung thermoanalytischer Eigenschaften von Pulvern eine bedeutende Rolle spielt. Als Beispiel wird gezeigt, daß DTA-Kurven gemahlener Dolomitproben durch Unterschiede in der Partikelgrößenverteilung der Probe entscheidend beeinflußt werden. Sowohl die DTA- als auch die TG-Kurven spiegeln die Pulvereigenschaften sehr gut wieder; beide werden deshalb zur Charakterisierung von Pulverproben vorgeschlagen.
    Notizen: Abstract Based on a formulation applied in the theory of stochastic processes, a master equation is introduced for the size distribution which describes a size reduction process. Using an absolute size constant and a scaling concept, we can get a generalized form of the Gaudin-Schuhmann equation and of the Rosin-Rammler equation for size-reduced products and show the intimate relationship between these two formulae. From a newly developed fractal point of view, it is shown that the Gaudin-Schuhmann equation satisfies a self-similarity law of distribution in the fractal theory and plays an important role in determining the thermoanalytical properties of a powder. As an illustration, DTA curves for ground dolomites are shown to be greatly influenced by the difference in particle size distribution of the sample. The DTA curves as well as the TG curves reflect well the powder characteristics; the TG-DTA curves are therefore suggested as being useful for characterizing powder samples.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974684
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microstructure and superconducting current ofIn situ Nb3Sn superconducting wire (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 25 (1990), S. 3475-3483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The diffusion of elemental tin and the morphological change of niobium filaments inin situ Nb3Sn superconducting composite wires and their influences on critical current were studied. When the amount of tin plated on the samples was high, the diffusion of elemental tin was enhanced. The critical current increased with increasing tin concentration but the increase became sluggish at high tin contents. The niobium filaments were initially ribbon-like but they became rod-like and then sausage-like after annealing treatment. Such a morphological change acted to reduce superconducting current capacity. When the amount of niobium was low, the filaments spheroidized by high-temperature and long-term annealing, resulting in serious reduction in critical current and upper critical magnetic field. High niobium contents led to high critical current and high upper critical magnetic field due to retainment of continuity of the filaments after annealing, effective proximity effect and a high amount of Nb3Sn formed in comparison with low niobium content amount. The titanium addition raised the upper critical magnetic field, resulting in improvement in critical current at high magnetic fields.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00575373
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Monte-Carlo simulation of multiple fracture in the transverse ply of cross-ply graphite-epoxy laminates (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 5433-5444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Graphite-epoxy cross-ply laminates generally show multiple fracture of the transverse ply at higher applied stress. This phenomenon is described by means of a Monte Carlo simulation method based on the assumption that the strength of the transverse ply obeys a two-parameter Weibull distribution function. The main results show that the smaller the scatter of strength of the 90°-ply (i.e. the larger the shape parameter at a constant mean strength of the Weibull distribution), the higher becomes the threshold for the multiple fracture to occur, and the more rapidly the length of 90°-ply segments decreases with increasing applied stress once multiple fracture takes place. The methods to determine the shape and scale parameters of the Weibull distribution for the strength of the 90°-ply proposed by Manderset al. and Peters are proved to be useful even for a small number of test specimens. When the interfacial bond strength between 0°- and 90°-plies is low, saturation of 90°-ply cracking occurs at higher applied stress. The stress-carrying capacity and stiffness of the composites as a whole are reduced by multiple fracture of the 90°-ply. This reduction is more pronounced at increasing applied stress or at a larger number of transverse cracks, especially when the interfacial bond strength is low.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02403941
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