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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatty Acid Alteration by a Δ9 Desaturase in Transgenic Tobacco Tissue (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 10 (1992), S. 675-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Nicotiana tabacum tissue was transformed with a rat stearyl–CoA desaturase gene. Gas Chromatographie analysis showed an increase in monounsaturated 16 and 18 carbon fatty acids in selected transformed calli and leaves. Fractionation of lipid classes indicated that palmitoleic acid was found ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0692-675
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of lipid composition and morphological characteristics in soybean regenerants (1989)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 7 (1989), S. 701-703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study was conducted to examine the extent of somaclonal variation of soybean plants, Glycine max (L.) Merrill cv. ‘McCall’, regenerated via somatic embryogenesis from cultured immature cotyledons using two different protocols. The sexual progeny of regenerants were compared with normal, seed-derived populations for morphological characteristics and fatty acid composition of seeds. First generation progeny of regenerants showed greater phenotypic variation than the control population, but this variation was not observed in the second generation. No stable somaclonal variants for fatty acid composition of the seed oil or morphological characteristics were observed, indicating that this somatic embryogenesis system should be adaptable for transformation with minimal generation of unwanted variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272065
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting soybean cotyledonary node transformation (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1998), S. 180-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Soybean ; SAAT (sonication assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation) ; Agrobacterium ; Transformation ; KYRT1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cotyledonary node transformation efficiency was evaluated using a sonication assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (SAAT) protocol, three dissimilar A. tumefaciens strains, and explants derived from 28 diverse cultivars and/or genotypes of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The explants were evaluated at 10 and 45 days after co-cultivation for transformation with a binary vector containing both a GUS-intron gene and an NPTII selectable marker. The best overall strain of A. tumefaciens was determined to be KYRT1 based on stable GUS transformation of soybean cotyledonary node explants measured at the terminal 45 day evaluation point. SAAT did not increase stable transformation at 45 days post co-cultivation. SAAT was determined to significantly decrease shoot proliferation of some genotypes, but it is unclear what effect this may have on the recovery of transformed shoots. Significant differences were also detected between genotypes for transformation and shoot proliferation frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050553
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium induced gall formation in lipoxygenase mutant isolines of soybeans (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 9 (1991), S. 651-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Agrobacterium-mediated transformation frequency is very low with cells from some species such as soybeans. Studies were conducted to investigate the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation frequency in near-isogenic lipoxygenase mutant lines of soybeans, since the nigh level of lipoxygenase activity in soybean embryos might be expected to affect interactions with Agrobacterium. The mutant line lacking lipoxygenase 3 showed significantly greater frequency of Agrobacterium-induced transformation than the other soybean lines. Stages of soybean embryo development which showed maximum differences in lipoxygenase 3 activity between mutant and wild-type, also showed maximum differences in transformation frequency. The increased transformation frequency with the absence of lipoxygenase 3 was only seen when both lipoxygenase 1 and 2 were present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231809
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of nuclear fusion in pollen embryogenesis of Datura innoxia Mill. (1974)
    Springer
    Planta 117 (1974), S. 227-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary If anthers of Datura innoxia containing microspores are cultured at 28° C for 24 h, two forms of haploid pollen grains are produced; one with typical unequal generative and vegetative nuclei (A), and the other with equal vegetativetype nuclei (B). The A form predominates. After 24 to 72 h in culture, three embryogenic events ensue; 1) division of the vegetative cell in A grains accompanied by rapid degeneration of the generative cell, 2) simultaneous or independent mitosis of the nuclei in B grains, and 3) simultaneous mitosis of both the generative and vegetative nuclei in A grains following two successive cycles of DNA synthesis in the generative nucleus, but only one in the vegetative nucleus (C). The endoreduplicated generative nucleus gives rise to diplochromosomes which it is postulated divide on a common spindle together with the vegetative chromosomes to yield a 3n proembryoid. In other C grains, simultaneous mitosis of an endoreduplicated generative nucleus and two vegetative daughter nuclei can occur. Nuclear fusion in these grains is envisaged as leading to a 4n proembryoid. Diploid proembryoids probably arise by nuclear fusion in A or B grains. At plantlet emergence, mainly n and 2n plantlets are obtained. Higher ploidy proembryoids fail to develop probably as a result of competitive influences. Similar embryogenic events occur in cultures initiated at the stages of the first pollen mitosis and young pollen grains, but C embryogenesis predominates. Competition from lower ploidy embryoids is minimised and 3n, 4n and even 6n plantlets are obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388396
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a binary vector system for plant transformation based on the supervirulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain Chry5 (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1997), S. 102-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key wordsGlycine max ; Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Transformation ; Virulence ; Ti plasmid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This report describes the disarming of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Chry5, a strain highly tumorigenic on soybean. Disarming was achieved by removing an approximately 16.5-kb segment of the 285-kb Ti plasmid pTiChry5, including approximately 4 kb of the oncogenic T-DNA and an extended region right of the T-DNA, and replacing it with a gene for carbenicillin resistance, through homologous recombination. The deletion was confirmed with Southern analysis, and the loss of tumorigenicity was verified in tobacco and tomato plant stem inoculation assays. The deletion mutant, named KYRT1, successfully transferred the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene into tobacco leaf tissue, producing GUS-expressing callus which could be regenerated into viable plants. In a comparative study, the transformation efficiency of A. tumefaciens KYRT1, GV3850, and EHA105 was assayed by inoculating cotyledonary node explants. The results of this study revealed that, in a binary vector system, KYRT1 is equally or more effective than EHA105 or GV3850 at delivering DNA into soybean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050360
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens– mediated transformation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.] using immature zygotic cotyledon explants (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 1090-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Soybean ; Glycine max(L.) Merrill. ; Immature zygotic cotyledon ; Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Transformation ; AbbrevationsGUSβ-Glucorinodase ; HPT Hygromycin phosphotransferase gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill. cv. Jack] using immature zygotic cotyledons was investigated to identify important factors that affected transformation efficiency and resulted in the production of transgenic soybean somatic embryos. The factors evaluated were initial immature zygotic cotyledon size, Agrobacterium concentration during inoculation and co-culture and the selection regime. Our results showed that 8- to 10-mm zygotic cotyledons exhibited a higher transformation rate, as indicated by transient GUS gene expression, whereas the smaller zygotic cotyledons, at less than 5 mm, died shortly after co-cultivation. However, the smaller zygotic cotyledon explants were found to have a higher embryogenic potential. Analysis of Agrobacterium and immature cotyledon explant interactions involved two Agrobacterium concentrations for the inoculation phase and three co-culture regimes. No differences in explant survival or somatic embyogenic potential were observed between the two Agrobacterium concentrations tested. Analysis of co-culture regimes revealed that the shorter co-culture times resulted in higher explant survival and higher somatic embryo production on the explants, whereas the co-culture time of 4 days severely reduced survival of the cotyledon explants and lowered their embryogenic potential. Analysis of selection regimes revealed that direct placement of cotyledon explants on hygromycin 25 mg/l was detrimental to explant survival, whereas 10 mg/l gave continued growth and subsequent somatic embryo development and plant regeneration. The overall transformation frequency in these experiments, from initial explant to whole plant, was 0.03 %. Three fertile soybean plants were obtained during the course of these experiments. Enzymatic GUS assays and Southern blot hybridizations confirmed the integration of T-DNA and expression of the GUS-intron gene in the three primary transformants. Analysis of 48 progeny revealed that three copies of the transgene were inherited as a single Mendelian locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990000236
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery of primary transformants of soybean (1989)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 7 (1989), S. 615-617 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three transformants of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., have been recovered among a total of 18 plants regenerated by somatic embryogenesis from immature cotyledon tissues after cocultivation with Agrobacterium strains carrying a 15 kD zein gene (pH5PZ3D). DNA from upper leaves hybridized to a synthetic RNA probe specific for the zein sequence at a level equivalent to at least one copy per haploid genome. Hybridization to a vir G/C probe, however, was negligible, indicating that sequestration of whole bacteria or even persistence of plasmids within the tissues could not account for the zein hybridization signals. Progeny of all plants were uniformly untransformed. Since most somatic embryos have a multicellular origin in the regeneration system used, it is believed that the primary transformants were chimeric. The results indicate that somatic embryogenesis may be adaptable to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in soybean, but that greater numbers of mitotic cycles under selection before embryo initiation will be required if somatic embryogenesis is to be used efficiently for production of plants with transformed germ-line cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272042
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meiotic analysis of haploid and doubled haploid forms of Nicotiana otophora and N. tabacum (1972)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 38 (1972), S. 387-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Detailed meiotic studies were conducted on anther-derived haploids of Nicotiana otophora (n = 12) and N. tabacum (n = 24). At midpachytene stages the non-homologous chromosomes apparently remain unpaired. However, since the spreading of chromosomes at this stage was poor, the possible partial pairing, if any, between non-homologues could not be determined with certainty. One to two univalents rarely exhibited partial foldback pairing involving a single arm or the intercalary regions of the same chromosome. — At diakinesis the bivalent-like structures ranged from 0–2 in Otophora and 0–7 per cell in Tabacum haploids. The bivalent-like configurations (mostly rod types with chromatin connections of varying thickness) observed at meta-anaphase I varied from 0 to 1 and 0 to 5 per cell in haploids of Otophora and Tabacum respectively. The various types of secondary associations of univalents at meta-anaphase I were also studied in different haploids. — The probable origin and significance of bivalent-like configurations and secondary associations observed in Nicotiana haploids is briefly discussed. Based on our results, it is concluded that there is very little intra- or intergenomic pairing, if any, in Nicotiana haploids studied. — The meiotic behavior of chromosomes in doubled haploids (N. tabacum) obtained by leaf mid-rib culture, root culture and spontaneous chromosome doubling was remarkably regular with a stable chromosome number of 2n = 48. The meiotic stability of the doubled haploids permits using these materials directly in the breeding program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320158
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of LSD on mitotic and meiotic plant chromosomes (1973)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 44 (1973), S. 309-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract LSD was found to induce chromosomal aberrations in root tip cells of Allium cepa, Hordeum vulgare and Secale cereale. Aberrations occurred in the form of chromatid and isochromatid breaks with most of these breaks failing to rejoin. The distribution of chromosome breaks was not uniform over the length of chromosomes, and a majority of the breaks were localized at the centromeric regions. For a given dose of LSD (30 μg/ml), onion appeared to be more susceptible than barley or rye. The diploid and tetraploid rye used in the study showed no appreciable difference in sensitivity to LSD treatment. — A preliminary study on meiotic chromosomes in LSD-treated diploid rye revealed the presence of univalents, chromosome breaks and fragments, suggesting that LSD can induce meiotic abnormalities in plant material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291025
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