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  • 11
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    Dynamic assembly of liquid crystalline graphene oxide gel fibers for ion transport (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉Colloidal dispersions with liquid crystallinity hold great promise for fabricating their superstructures. As an example, when graphene oxide (GO) sheets are assembled in the liquid crystalline state, they can turn into ordered macroscopic forms of GO such as fibers via the wet spinning process. Here, we report that by reinforcing intersheet interactions, GO liquid crystals (LCs) turn into mechanically robust hydrogels that can be readily drawn into highly aligned fibrillar structures. GO hydrogel fibers with highly aligned sheets (orientation factor, 〈i〉f〈/i〉 = 0.71) exhibit more than twice the ionic conductivity compared to those with partially aligned structures (〈i〉f〈/i〉 = 0.01). The hierarchically interconnected two-dimensional nanochannels within these neatly aligned GOLC hydrogel fibers may facilitate controlled transport of charge carriers and could be potentially explored as cables for interconnecting biosystems and/or human-made devices.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    PHRF1 promotes genome integrity by modulating non-homologous end-joining (2015)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-10
    Description: PHRF1 promotes genome integrity by modulating non-homologous end-joining Cell Death and Disease 6, e1716 (April 2015). doi:10.1038/cddis.2015.81 Authors: C-F Chang, P-C Chu, P-Y Wu, M-Y Yu, J-Y Lee, M-D Tsai & M-S Chang
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 13
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    Camouflage through behavior in moths: the role of background matching and disruptive coloration (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-30
    Description: Camouflage can be attained via mechanisms such as background matching (resembling the general background) and disruptive coloration (hindering the detection of an animal’s outline). However, despite much conceptual work with artificial stimuli there have to date been few studies of how such camouflage types work in real animals in their natural environments. Here, using avian vision models and image analysis, we tested which concealing mechanisms operate to provide camouflage during behavioral choice of a resting position in 2 bark-resting moths, Hypomecis roboraria and Jankowskia fuscaria . Our results suggest that both species reinforced their crypticity in terms of both background matching and disruptive coloration. However, the detailed mechanisms (such as achromatic/chromatic matching or pattern direction matching) that each species exploits differed between the 2 species. Our results demonstrate that an appropriate behavioral choice of background and body orientation is important to improve camouflage against natural predators, and highlight the mechanisms that confer camouflage to cryptic animals in their natural habitats.
    Print ISSN: 1045-2249
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-7279
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 14
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    Molecular counting by PALM [Biophysics and Computational Biology] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-24
    Description: We present a single molecule method for counting proteins within a diffraction-limited area when using photoactivated localization microscopy. The intrinsic blinking of photoactivatable fluorescent proteins mEos2 and Dendra2 leads to an overcounting error, which constitutes a major obstacle for their use as molecular counting tags. Here, we introduce a kinetic...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 15
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    DJ-1 induces thioredoxin 1 expression through the Nrf2 pathway (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-13
    Description: DJ-1, which is linked to recessively inherited Parkinson's disease when mutated, is a multi-functional protein with anti-oxidant and transcription regulatory activities. However, the mechanism(s) through which DJ-1 and the genes it regulates provide neuroprotection is not fully understood. Here, we show that wild-type DJ-1 induces the expression of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1), a protein disulfide oxidoreductase, whereas pathogenic mutant isoforms L166P and M26I cannot. Conversely, DJ-1 knockdown in SH-SY5Y cells and DJ-1 knockout in mice result in significant decrease in Trx1 protein and mRNA expression levels. The importance of Trx1 in the cytoprotective function of DJ-1 is confirmed using a pharmacological inhibitor of Trx reductase, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, and Trx1 siRNA. Both approaches result in partial loss of DJ-1-mediated protection. Additionally, knockdown of Trx1 significantly abrogates DJ-1-dependent, hydrogen peroxide-induced activation of the pro-survival factor AKT. Promoter analysis of the human Trx1 gene identified an antioxidant response element (ARE) that is required for DJ-1-dependent induction of Trx1 expression. The transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is a critical inducer of ARE-mediated expression, is regulated by DJ-1. Overexpression of DJ-1 results in increased Nrf2 protein levels, promotes its translocation into the nucleus and enhances its recruitment onto the ARE site in the Trx1 promoter. Further, Nrf2 knockdown abolishes DJ-1-mediated Trx1 induction and cytoprotection against hydrogen peroxide, indicating the critical role of Nrf2 in carrying out the protective functions of DJ-1 against oxidative stress. These findings provide a new mechanism to support the antioxidant function of DJ-1 by increasing Trx1 expression via Nrf2-mediated transcriptional induction.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 16
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    Asymptotic Bethe-ansatz solution for one-dimensional SU(2) spinor bosons with finite-range Gaussian interactions (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-24
    Description: Author(s): J. Y. Lee, X. W. Guan, A. del Campo, and M. T. Batchelor We propose a one-dimensional model of spinor bosons with SU(2) symmetry and a two-body finite-range Gaussian interaction potential. We show that the model is exactly solvable when the width of the interaction potential is much smaller than the interparticle separation. This model is then solved via ... [Phys. Rev. A 85, 013629] Published Mon Jan 23, 2012
    Keywords: Matter waves and collective properties of cold atoms and molecules
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 17
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    Thermodynamics, spin-charge separation, and correlation functions of spin-1/2 fermions with repulsive interaction (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-09
    Description: Author(s): J. Y. Lee, X. W. Guan, K. Sakai, and M. T. Batchelor We investigate the low-temperature thermodynamics and correlation functions of one-dimensional spin-1/2 fermions with strong repulsion in an external magnetic field via the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz method. The exact thermodynamics of the model in a weak magnetic field is derived with the help of W... [Phys. Rev. B 85, 085414] Published Wed Feb 08, 2012
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 18
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    A Study of Microseisms Induced by Typhoon Nanmadol Using Ocean-Bottom Seismometers (2014)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-04
    Description: From the end of August to early September 2011, 15 ocean-bottom seismometers (OBSs) were deployed offshore northeastern Taiwan for approximately 20 days. During this period, the typhoon Nanmadol formed in the western Pacific, moved northwestward from the East Philippines, and made landfall on the island of Taiwan. In this study, we analyzed the seismic signals from the OBSs and the marine metrological data to investigate the influence of the typhoon on submarine seismic records. Our results show that the signals induced by the typhoon occurred mainly at approximately 0.15–0.5 Hz frequency. The magnitude of these signals depends substantially on water depth. Some exceptions, most likely generated by site effects, were observed. Also, a positive correlation exists between the signals energy and the local wave height, which suggests that the microseisms were affected by the pressure changes produced by the local wave activity as the typhoon passed over the stations. However, when an OBS was outside the typhoon periphery, any wave energy variations could only be caused by the elastic wave formed around the typhoon area, the energy of which is transmitted through the ocean bottom to the stations. Thus, no local waves were excited by the strong winds, and only a relatively small amount of energy was recorded.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 19
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    Multilevel Hierarchy of Fluorinated Wax on CuO Nanowires for Superoleophobic Surfaces (2014)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    In: Langmuir
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-18
    Description: Langmuir DOI: 10.1021/la5040273
    Print ISSN: 0743-7463
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5827
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 20
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    Cell signalling by microRNA165/6 directs gene dose-dependent root cell fate (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-23
    Description: A key question in developmental biology is how cells exchange positional information for proper patterning during organ development. In plant roots the radial tissue organization is highly conserved with a central vascular cylinder in which two water conducting cell types, protoxylem and metaxylem, are patterned centripetally. We show that this patterning occurs through crosstalk between the vascular cylinder and the surrounding endodermis mediated by cell-to-cell movement of a transcription factor in one direction and microRNAs in the other. SHORT ROOT, produced in the vascular cylinder, moves into the endodermis to activate SCARECROW. Together these transcription factors activate MIR165a and MIR166b. Endodermally produced microRNA165/6 then acts to degrade its target mRNAs encoding class III homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factors in the endodermis and stele periphery. The resulting differential distribution of target mRNA in the vascular cylinder determines xylem cell types in a dosage-dependent manner.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967782/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967782/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlsbecker, Annelie -- Lee, Ji-Young -- Roberts, Christina J -- Dettmer, Jan -- Lehesranta, Satu -- Zhou, Jing -- Lindgren, Ove -- Moreno-Risueno, Miguel A -- Vaten, Anne -- Thitamadee, Siripong -- Campilho, Ana -- Sebastian, Jose -- Bowman, John L -- Helariutta, Yka -- Benfey, Philip N -- R01 GM043778/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM043778-17/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM043778-18/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM043778-19/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM043778-20/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM043778-21/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM043778/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):316-21. doi: 10.1038/nature08977. Epub 2010 Apr 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biotechnology/Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20410882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/cytology/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Body Patterning ; *Cell Lineage ; Cell Movement ; Endoderm/cytology/metabolism ; *Gene Dosage ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; MicroRNAs/genetics/*metabolism ; Organogenesis ; Plant Roots/*cytology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; RNA Transport ; RNA, Plant/genetics/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Xylem/cytology/growth & development/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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