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  • 1
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    Effect of electron beam pulse width on time-of-flight spectra (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-16
    Beschreibung: A simple but useful formula describing the effect of electron gun pulse width on the time of flight (TOF) spectra measured in translational spectroscopy experiments is developed. An approximately monoenergetic pulsed electrostatically focused electron beam traverses a scattering cell filled with a Maxwellian gas. Inelastic electron collisions with the gas produce metastable particles, ions, scattered electrons, and photons which then pass through a collimating slit system at right angles to the electron beam. TOF techniques are used to separate the photon signal from the metastable particle signal and to measure the TOF distribution of the metastable species.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Review of Scientific Instruments; 45; Feb. 197
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Sensitivity of an astronomical infrared heterodyne spectrometer (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-16
    Beschreibung: The factors determining the sensitivity of a real astronomical heterodyne spectrometer are described. The deviation from the ideal heterodyne system for line detection is described in terms of a series of degradation factors. A discussion of degradation due to a low local oscillator power and to line profile detection is presented. Representative values for the degradation factors are given. Even with a total degradation of not less than 30, the heterodyne spectrometer is still found to be a highly sensitive tool in IR astronomy.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 3
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    Planned investigation of infrared emissions associated with the induced spacecraft glow: A shuttle infrared glow experiment (SIRGE) (1985)
    In:  CASI
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    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: The characteristics of infrared molecular emissions induced by energetic collisions between ambient atmospheric species and surfaces in Earth orbit are investigated, using a low-nitrogen-cooled filter wheel photometer covering the wavelength range 0.9-.5 microns with a resolving power Lambda/Delta Lambda of approximately 100. This resolving power is sufficient for identification of the molecular or atomic fluorescent spaces causing the glow.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center 2d Workshop on Spacecraft Glow; p 250-259
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Sensitivity limits of an infrared heterodyne spectrometer for astrophysical applications (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-16
    Beschreibung: A discussion and an evaluation of the degradation in sensitivity are given for a heterodyne spectrometer employing a HgCdTe photodiode mixer and tunable diode lasers. The minimum detectable source brightness is considered as a function of the mixer parameters, transmission coefficient of the beam splitter, and local oscillator emission powers. The degradation in the minimum detectable line source brightness that results from the bandwidth being a fraction of the line width is evaluated and plotted as a function of the wavelength and bandwidth for various temperature to mass ratios. It is shown that the minimum achievable degradation in the sensitivity of a practical astronomical heterodyne spectrometer is about 30. Estimates of SNRs with which IR line emission from astronomical sources of interest may be detected are given.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Applied Optics; 15; Feb. 197
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    A 10 micron laser heterodyne spectrometer for remote detection of trace gases (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-17
    Beschreibung: Infrared heterodyne spectroscopy provides a means of measuring the intensity profiles of individual rotation-vibration spectral lines with high sensitivity. Considerable effort has been expended on optimizing these instruments for remote measurements of gases in planetary atmospheres with the result that present-generation spectrometers are beginning to provide new and startling results on the planets. The fundamental principles of laser heterodyne spectroscopy are discussed. Detailed considerations of the optical design and the electronic design of the spectral-line receiver are given. Representative results obtained with this spectrometer are discussed, including precision frequency measurements of NH3 (nu-2) lines, detection of auroral emission from Jupiter, and measurements of terrestrial O3 and CO2.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Optical Engineering; 17; Jan
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Laser heterodyne spectrometer for helioseismology (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The technique of laser heterodyne spectroscopy has been applied to the measurement of solar oscillations. Coherent mixing of solar radiation with the output of a frequency-stabilized CO2 laser permits the measurement of fully resolved profiles of solar absorption lines with high spectral purity and excellent frequency stability. This technique has been used to measure OH pure rotation lines in the infrared solar spectrum. Power spectra of these line frequency measurements show the well-known 5-min oscillations as well as significant velocity power at shorter periods.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 25; 58-62
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Tunable diode-laser heterodyne spectrometer for remote observations near 8 microns (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: A diode-laser-based, ultrahigh resolution IR heterodyne spectrometer for laboratory and field use has been developed for operation between 7.5 and 8.5 microns. The local oscillator is a PbSe tunable diode laser kept continuously at operating temperatures of 12-60 K using a closed-cycle cooler. The laser output frequency is controlled and stabilized using a high-precision diode current supply, constant temperature controller, and a shock isolator mounted between the refrigerator cold tip and the diode mount. The system largely employs reflecting optics to minimize losses from internal reflection and absorption and to eliminate chromatic effects. Spectral analysis of the diode-laser output between 0 and 1 GHz reveals excess noise at many diode current settings, which limits the IR spectral regions over which useful heterodyne operation can be achieved. Observations have been made of atmospheric N2O, O3, and CH4 between 1170 and 1200/cm, using both a single-frequency swept IF channel and a 64-channel RF spectral line receiver with a total IF coverage of 1600 MHz.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Applied Optics; 21; Jan. 15
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Fiber-coupled high resolution infrared array spectrometer for the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: A novel cryogenic grating spectrometer (FCAS) is being designed for observations of volatiles in cometary and planetary atmospheres, and in newly forming planetary systems. The instrument features two-dimensional detector arrays coupled to a high-dispersion echelle by infrared fibers, and will achieve a spectral resolving power of about 40,000. The primary observational platform for this instrument will be the Kuiper Airborne Observatory, but it will also be configured for use at ground-based observatories. Initially, the spectrometer will use a 58 x 62, 1- to 5-micron InSb array. Larger-format IR arrays and arrays of different composition, will later be incorporated as they become available. The instrument will be used in two modes. The first uses a large format IR array in the spectral image plane for the customary one-dimensional spectral-one-dimensional spatial coverage. In the second mode, a massive, coherent bundle of infrared transmitting ZrF4 fibers will be installed after the dispersive element, to reformat the two-dimensional array into an elongated one-dimensional array for wide spectral coverage, allowing multiple lines to be measured in a single integration with high sensitivity. The overall instrument design is discussed, and the system sensitivity is estimated.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Instrumentation in Astronomy VII; Feb 13, 1990 - Feb 17, 1990; Tucson, AZ; United States
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Tunable diode laser heterodyne spectrometer for remote observations near 8 microns (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: Infrared heterodyne spectroscopy is a passive technique employing coherent optical detection for the study of spectral features in remote sources. It employs optical components such as mirrors and lenses normally associated with incoherent optics, but because of it's coherent nature, it offers the advantages of ultrahigh spectral resolving power, high frequency precision, and diffraction limited field-of-view. Attention is given to the development of an ultrahigh resolution diode laser heterodyne spectrometer for observational and laboratory use. The instrument is designed for operation in the spectral range from 7.5 to 8.5 microns. A PbSe tuneable diode laser (TDL) is employed as local oscillator. A closed-cycle cooler is employed to keep the oscillator at operating temperatures in the range from 12 to 60 K. Attention is given to factors determining the TDL heterodyne sensitivity, the spectrometer design, and a survey of 8 micron observations, SiO could be detected in the sunspot spectrum.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Instrumentation in astronomy IV; Fourth Conference; Mar 08, 1982 - Mar 10, 1982; Tucson, AZ
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    A 10 micron heterodyne receiver for ultra high resolution astronomical spectroscopy (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: An improved CO2 laser heterodyne spectrometer is examined. The present system uses reflective optics to eliminate refocusing at different wavelengths, and the local oscillator is a line-center-stabilized isotopic CO2 laser. A tunable diffraction grating makes possible easy and rapid selection of over 50 transitions per isotope of CO2. The IF (0 to 1.6 GHz) from the HgCdTe photomizer is analyzed by a 128-channel filter bank, consisting of 64 tunable 5-MHz filters and 64 fixed 25-MHz RF filters. These filters provide resolving powers of about 1,000,000 to 10,000,000 and velocity resolution of 50 to 250 m/sec; their output is synchronously detected, integrated, multiplexed and stored in a buffer memory for the desired integration period. Kitt Peak observations show the wide spectral coverage, wide mixer and electronics bandwidth, and high sensitivity of the system.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: Symposium on Interstellar molecules; Aug 06, 1979 - Aug 10, 1979; Mont Tremblant, Quebec; Canada
    Format: text
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