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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Normal incidence grating spectrometer designed for inverse photoemission studies in the range 10–30 eV (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 1324-1328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We describe a normal incidence grating spectrometer for use in inverse photoemission studies of surfaces. We show that by operating in a configuration where the source and image are displaced from the Rowland Circle it is possible to construct a useful spectrometer that can be attached to any existing surface science chamber. The device covers the range 10–30 eV in photon energy with a typical energy resolution of 150 meV. Capable of operating with relatively low incident currents, this instrument will be an excellent choice for spin-polarized inverse photoemission experiments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138596
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    In situ reactive glow discharge cleaning of x-ray optical surfaces (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 1042-1045 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We report the first implementation of an in situ glow discharge cleaning procedure for the removal of carbon contamination from x-ray optical surfaces. In situ cleaning obviates the need for the time-consuming and costly process of element removal, cleaning or repolishing, remounting, and realignment usually necessary to restore x-ray optics to their original condition. The apparatus required is quite simple and can easily be fitted to most existing UHV (ultrahigh vacuum) mirror boxes or monochromators. Results with several monochromators at the Brookhaven National Labs National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) show that better than original performance can be obtained at the carbon K edge, since the elements are not exposed to atmosphere after in situ cleaning and do not accumulate the adventitious carbon layer associated with more traditional methods. Possible improvements and extensions of the technique are also described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139605
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Direct current servo motor controlled four-jaw slits for synchrotron radiation : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1684-1686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A four-jaw slit assembly and eight-axis dc servo motor controller have been constructed and are in use at the Australian National Beamline Facility (ANBF) at the Photon Factory. Because of the vacuum operation of the beamline diffractometer, dc servo motors were preferred to stepper motors. Due to the large number of motors to be controlled, commercial dc servo controllers were unsuitable, and an eight-axis controller was designed to be used in conjunction with the E500 CAMAC stepper motor controller. The system has been in use at the ANBF for about one year, and has allowed the integration of approximately 30 dc servo and stepper motors into a standard control system. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145881
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Australian diffractometer at the Photon Factory : Proceedings of the 4th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 1069-1072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Outlined are design features of a versatile high-resolution two-axis diffractometer that is being constructed for operation at the Photon Factory as an Australian national facility. The instrument features optional use of multiple-imaging plates on a translating cassette to allow rapid recording of an almost complete range of data covering both the high-angle and small-angle scattering regime or alternatively the use of electronic detectors. The instrument will be capable of operation in various modes including the following: (i) high-resolution powder diffraction with single-channel counter and crystal analyzer, (ii) high-resolution, high-speed powder diffraction in the Debye–Scherrer mode with imaging plates as recording medium, either stationary or translating (for time-dependent studies), (iii) small-angle x-ray scattering with imaging plates as recording medium, (iv) protein crystallography in screenless Weissenberg mode, and (v) two- or three-axis single-crystal diffractometry. The salient features of the instrument are the use of a double-crystal sagittal focusing monochromator as primary monochromator together with the optional use of a condensing–collimating channel-cut (CCCC) monochromator or other channel-cut monochromator as secondary monochromator. The use of a CCCC monochromator enables fine tuning of beam position on sample, harmonic suppression, beam-condensation, and variation of wavelength bandpass. Further features include the use of high-precision incremental encoders on both axes, together with the capability of operating the whole diffractometer, including secondary monochromator and detectors, in vacuum of order 10−3 Torr in order to reduce absorption and parasitic scattering, and the use of a large camera radius (approximately 0.57 m) for the imaging plate cassette in order to increase angular resolution and signal to noise.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143202
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A high-energy double-crystal fixed exit monochromator for the X17 superconducting wiggler beam line at the NSLS : Proceedings of the 4th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 595-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A high-energy double-crystal x-ray monochromator has been constructed for use on the X-17 beam line at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS). Its design is based on the "boomerang'' right angle linkage, and features a fixed exit beam, a cooled first crystal, and an energy range of 8–92 keV. The entire mechanism is UHV compatible. The design is described and performance details, obtained in testing at the X17 beam line, are presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142714
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Powder diffraction using imaging plates at the Australian National Beamline Facility at the Photon Factory : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1351-1353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A novel x-ray diffractometer was installed at the Australian National Beamline Facility at the Photon Factory, Japan, in October 1993. One of the major capabilities of the instrument is high speed high resolution powder diffraction using imaging plate detectors. The diffractometer combines a two circle goniometer and a large cassette in which imaging plates can be loaded covering 320° of 2θ. The diffractometer is enclosed in a large vacuum chamber and can be operated in air, vacuum, or helium. Recently, powder data has been obtained from rutile (TiO2) and NBS Si 640b at wavelengths from 0.62 to 1.9 A(ring) using imaging plates, and has been used to characterize the performance of the instrument. The data has been refined using the Rietveld method and R values of under 2% obtained. The resolution of the system varies from a minimum of about 0.04° to around 0.25° at 2θ angles around 160°, which is the equal of most synchrotron based powder diffractometers, and only slightly worse than that obtained using an analyzer crystal and scintillation detector. Using the imaging plates, 160° of data is simultaneously acquired in an exposure of about 10 min, compared to conventional counter diffractometer scans which routinely exceed 10 hours. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145972
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High-resolution triple-crystal x-ray-diffraction experiments performed at the Australian National Beamline Facility in Japan (abstract) : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1483-1483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: The x-ray-diffraction results reported here are from the first high-resolution triple-crystal experiments to be performed at the Australian National Beamline Facility at the Photon Factory. The heart of the facility is a multipurpose two-axis high-resolution vacuum diffractometer (BIGDIFF) Z. Barnea et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 63, 1069 (1992) capable of use for high-resolution powder diffraction (using both conventional scintillation detectors and imaging plates), protein crystallography, reflectometry, as well as single-crystal diffractometry. The present experiments were conducted on BIGDIFF in triple-crystal diffraction mode with a monolithic channel-cut Si monochromator (supplied by Professor M. Hart), a single-crystal Si sample, and a four-reflection monolithic channel-cut Si analyzer crystal. The Si(111) sample is a part of a wafer which had been implanted with 100 keV B+ ions (doses 1×1015 and 5×1015 cm−2) through a one-dimensional 0.5 μm thick oxide strip pattern with a 5.83 μm period and 4 μm open region. The triple-crystal data were collected in the form of two-dimensional intensity maps in the vicinity of the 111 Bragg peak, varying the sample rotation (ω) and the analyzer/scintillation detector rotation (2θ). The first results were collected in air both with the as-described sample and after the oxide layer had been removed. Certain slice scans (one-dimensional sections of the two-dimensional intensity maps) were also collected with a vacuum of 1 Torr and reveal considerable improvement in signal to background.The data will be compared with a recent similar study A. Yu. Nikulin et al., J. Appl. Cryst. 27, 338 (1994) performed on BL-14B at the Photon Factory. The new data collected in air indicate that lattice distortion may be mapped with a resolution of approximately 160 A(ring), to a depth of approximately 1.0 μm, providing valuable quantitative information on ion diffusion in such implanted materials. The slice scans collected in vacuum indicate that a depth resolution of 50 A(ring) is certainly achievable using BIGDIFF. The data show the excellent potential of BIGDIFF for extremely good signal to noise and very high resolution in such experiments, and the advantages of working entirely in vacuum. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145947
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Australian National Beamline Facility at the Photon Factory (abstract) : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1687-1687 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: The Australian National Beamline Facility has been installed at the Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Japan. The construction and operation of the facility has been funded by a consortium of Australian research organizations, universities, and government funding agencies, with the aim of providing Australian scientists with routine access to synchrotron radiation in the hard-x-ray region. The first experiments were performed at the ANBF in November 1992. The facility consists of a general purpose x-ray-beamline, including a simple two-crystal monochromator, delivering either monochromatic x rays (range 5–20 keV) or white radiation to the experimental hutch. The main experimental instrument, a multiconfiguration diffractometer, has recently been installed at the beamline. This unique instrument combines vacuum operation and imaging plate detectors, and can be configured for high-resolution powder diffraction (including a time resolved mode), protein crystallography, and triple-axis experiments. In addition, the white or monochromatic beam can pass through the diffractometer to a secondary experimental table, where experiments such as EXAFS, Laue diffraction, topography, and microbeam measurements are performed. Details of the beamline, monochromator, and diffractometer optics and performance will be described, and an overview will be given of the experimental capabilities of the facility. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145882
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Monochromator harmonic content measurements and calculations at energies above 20 keV : Proceedings of the 4th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 893-895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Measurements of the harmonic content from single- and double-crystal silicon monochromators have been made in the 20- to 100-keV range at the X17 superconducting wiggler beam line at the NSLS. These measurements are compared with calculations which estimate the monochromatic beam harmonic content and the detection system efficiency with good agreement. At high photon energies ((approximately-greater-than)20 keV), the scattering of x rays from an amorphous scatterer is dominated by the inelastic Compton process. At large scattering angles this will completely overwhelm the more forward directed elastic scattering. The Compton x-ray energy shift is large enough to make the distinction between elastic and Compton scattering unambiguous when a spectrum is acquired with a solid-state detector. This shift, which is energy dependent, allows the measurement of the relative harmonic intensity in a way that is not affected by pulse pileup in the detector and electronics. The present measurements were done to assess the level of harmonic contamination from two monochromator systems both used on the X17 beam line: the single-crystal-type monochromator for the digital subtraction coronary angiography project; and the double-crystal monochromator being developed for the multiple energy computed tomography (MECT) project and the Materials Science program.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143769
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Protein Crystal Diffraction Patterns Using a Capillary-Focused Synchrotron X-ray Beam (1996)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 3 (1996), S. 289-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: A paraboloidally tapered glass monocapillary was used to focus an 8 keV monochromated synchrotron bending-magnet X-ray beam into a 40 (±5) μm focal spot located 45 (±5) mm from the exit of the capillary. This focal spot had a measured intensity gain of 120 (±10) times the intensity present in an equivalent cross section of the unfocused beam from the monochromator. This focused beam was used to obtain oscillation diffraction patterns on image plates from a hen egg-white lysozyme protein crystal in two distinct geometries: one with the specimen crystal at the capillary exit and the other with the crystal at the beam focus. In the first geometry, focused Bragg reflections were observed at the focal plane. In the second geometry, diverging Bragg reflections of high intensity from a small crystal volume were observed. Image-plate diffraction patterns for these two geometries were compared with exposures with equivalent integrated diffracted intensities obtained using a 100 × 100 μm unfocused X-ray beam with the same crystal. The use of the focused beam resulted in a reduction in the exposure time required to produce equivalent patterns by a factor of between 70 and 100.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049596009351
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