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  • Articles  (37)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (37)
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  • Articles  (37)
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  • 1
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    Synthesis of High-Purity Methylal via Extractive Catalytic Distillation (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: An integrated continuous process, which combines catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column, is investigated for the synthesis of high-purity methylal from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. A feed with methanol:formaldehyde 2:1 molar ratio is chosen to evaluate the effects of operating parameters, such as extractant feeding position, ratio of extractant to feed, reflux ratio, and reboiler temperature, on the continuous synthesis of methylal. Under the optimum operating conditions and with water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process operated continuously, producing a methylal purity of 98.7 % (H 2 O: 〈 1.30 %) with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion. An integrated continuous process combining catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column is applied for high-purity methylal synthesis from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. Under optimum conditions, using water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process provided a methylal purity of 98.7 % with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
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    Synthesis of High-Purity Methylal via Extractive Catalytic Distillation (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-13
    Description: An integrated continuous process, which combines catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column, is investigated for the synthesis of high-purity methylal from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. A feed with methanol:formaldehyde 2:1 molar ratio is chosen to evaluate the effects of operating parameters, such as extractant feeding position, ratio of extractant to feed, reflux ratio, and reboiler temperature, on the continuous synthesis of methylal. Under the optimum operating conditions and with water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process operated continuously, producing a methylal purity of 98.7 % (H 2 O: 〈 1.30 %) with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion. An integrated continuous process combining catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column is applied for high-purity methylal synthesis from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. Under optimum conditions, using water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process provided a methylal purity of 98.7 % with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
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    Cumene Hydroperoxide Hydrogenation on a Pd/Al2O3 Catalyst in a Trickle Bed Reactor – Kinetics of Hydrogenation and Deactivation (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-16
    Description: Liquid-phase hydrogenation using a Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst provides a potential technique for the reduction of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) to α-cumyl alcohol (CA). In this paper, CHP hydrogenation was carried out in a cocurrent downflow trickle-bed reactor over a wide range of reaction conditions to study the reaction and deactivation kinetics. The proposed intrinsic rate expression for CHP hydrogenation is based on an Eley-Rideal mechanism that accounts for an irreversible surface reaction between the absorbed CHP with nonabsorbed hydrogen molecules. During CHP hydrogenation, an exponential decay in activity of the Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst and the presence of residual activity were observed. A kinetic deactivation model with residual activity was developed. Based on reaction and deactivation kinetics, catalyst deactivation was attributed to oxidation of the catalyst surface by CHP. The presence of residual activity was due to the partial reduction of oxidized catalyst surface by hydrogen. A comprehensive investigation of the catalytic hydrogenation of cumene hydroperoxide in cumene over a Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst is presented, including the effects of residence time, reaction temperature and H 2 pressure on conversion and catalyst deactivation. Attempts are made to simulate the performance of operating conditions with kinetic models.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4125
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 4
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    Solubility Measurement and Stability Study of Sodium Cefuroxime (2014)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-19
    Description: Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data DOI: 10.1021/je400938a
    Print ISSN: 0021-9568
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5134
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FATTY AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF SALTED MULLET ROE (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 44 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Salted mullet roe was prepared by soaking in brine, pressing and air drying. The prepared roe product was high in protein (35.5%) and lipids (25.7%). The GLC analysis showed that the major saturated fatty acid was 16:0 and the major unsaturated fatty acids were 16:l and 18:l in the roe lipids. The analysis of the roe protein indicated that the major amino acids were glutamic acid, proline and lysine. The roe protein is well balanced with essential amino acids, and appears to be a high quality protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb08473.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene and toluene monooxygenase genes from Burkholderia sp. AA1, an isolate capable of degrading aliphatic hydrocarbons and toluene (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 25 (2000), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: Burkholderia sp.; catechol 2,3-dioxygenase; monooxygenase; toluene; degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Burkholderia sp. AA1 isolated from a diesel fuel-contaminated site degraded toluene, as well as a wide range of alkanes from decane (C8) to pentacosane (C25) as sole carbon and energy sources. This strain also utilized m-toluate, p-toluate, o-toluate, and m-cresol as sole carbon and energy sources. Toluene- and toluate-grown cells showed catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity and indole oxidation activity that is exhibited by some toluene oxygenation enzymes. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene (catB) was cloned and sequenced. Its deduced amino acid sequence is analogous to the extradiol dioxygenases cloned from a variety of microorganisms. A DNA fragment containing the genes for the indole oxidation activity was cloned and sequenced. A seven-gene cluster designated as tbhABCDEFG was identified. Significant similarities were found with multicomponent monooxygenase systems for toluene, benzene and phenol from different bacterial strains. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 127–131.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000042
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the computation of complex equilibria (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 299-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method is described for solving the problem: given fixed pressure, temperature, the amounts of the chemical elements, and the chemical potentials of possible chemical species at the pressure and temperature specified, determine the equilibrium composition. The method requires a minimum of judgment on the part of the user.A modification of Naphtali's method for direct minimization of Gibbs' function provides an estimate of the composition of sufficient accuracy to insure convergence of solution, by the Newton-Raphson method, of the nonlinear equations describing the equilibrium.Problems in treating multiple phaes of unknown stability and chemical species present in small amouts are handled by ignoring unstable phases and small quantitites in the direct minimization until the amounts of the major consitituents have been at least approximately determined. To accomplish this, species temporarily ignored are assigned a ficitious mol fraction so that their re-entry into the calculation can be established. Truncation errors in the direct minimziation can be tolerated because of the two-step method.Examples of some of the problems solved are given.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180209
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicomponent rates of sorption of SO2 and CO2 in sodium mordenite (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 19 (1973), S. 1055-1059 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690190531
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient diffusion in solids with a bipore distribution (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Transient diffusion of n-butane, iso-butane, and 1-butene in synthetic CaX(Na) spherical pellets is studied in a constant volume, well-stirred system. The intracrystalline diffusion coefficients are in the order of 10-14 cm2/s, and the activation energy is about 7.0 Kcal/g-mole. Experimental data agree well with a mathematical model developed to describe transient diffusion.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220118
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of liquid chromatography with nonuniform crystallite particles (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 1569-1576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical analysis for the pulse responses of a liquid chromatographic column packed with crystal powders having a particle size distribution and a nonlinear adsorption isotherm is presented. The mathematical model is solved numerically by the orthogonal collocation method. Based on the parametric analysis of the model, the effects of a symmetrical and moderately asymmetric PSD on the LC responses are shown to be negligible in comparison with the effects of other parameters, such as isotherm nonlinearity, whose effects are much more profound. The simulated responses are compared with the experimental response data for an LC column packed with silicalite crystals, and a good agreement is found between the theoretical and experimental results. Using the nonlinear LC model, the simultaneous determination of nonlinear adsorption isotherms and intraparticle diffusivities from LC pulse responses is demonstrated for liquids in porous adsorbents.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690361013
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