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  • Artikel  (37)
  • Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung  (37)
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  • Artikel  (37)
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  • 1
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    Synthesis of High-Purity Methylal via Extractive Catalytic Distillation (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publikationsdatum: 2012-04-15
    Beschreibung: An integrated continuous process, which combines catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column, is investigated for the synthesis of high-purity methylal from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. A feed with methanol:formaldehyde 2:1 molar ratio is chosen to evaluate the effects of operating parameters, such as extractant feeding position, ratio of extractant to feed, reflux ratio, and reboiler temperature, on the continuous synthesis of methylal. Under the optimum operating conditions and with water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process operated continuously, producing a methylal purity of 98.7 % (H 2 O: 〈 1.30 %) with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion. An integrated continuous process combining catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column is applied for high-purity methylal synthesis from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. Under optimum conditions, using water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process provided a methylal purity of 98.7 % with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Digitale ISSN: 1521-4125
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von Wiley
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  • 2
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    Synthesis of High-Purity Methylal via Extractive Catalytic Distillation (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-04-13
    Beschreibung: An integrated continuous process, which combines catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column, is investigated for the synthesis of high-purity methylal from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. A feed with methanol:formaldehyde 2:1 molar ratio is chosen to evaluate the effects of operating parameters, such as extractant feeding position, ratio of extractant to feed, reflux ratio, and reboiler temperature, on the continuous synthesis of methylal. Under the optimum operating conditions and with water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process operated continuously, producing a methylal purity of 98.7 % (H 2 O: 〈 1.30 %) with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion. An integrated continuous process combining catalytic distillation and extractive distillation in one column is applied for high-purity methylal synthesis from methanol and formalin in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst. Under optimum conditions, using water as extractant, the extractive catalytic distillation process provided a methylal purity of 98.7 % with 98.0 % formaldehyde conversion.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Digitale ISSN: 1521-4125
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von Wiley
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  • 3
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    Cumene Hydroperoxide Hydrogenation on a Pd/Al2O3 Catalyst in a Trickle Bed Reactor – Kinetics of Hydrogenation and Deactivation (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-06-16
    Beschreibung: Liquid-phase hydrogenation using a Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst provides a potential technique for the reduction of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) to α-cumyl alcohol (CA). In this paper, CHP hydrogenation was carried out in a cocurrent downflow trickle-bed reactor over a wide range of reaction conditions to study the reaction and deactivation kinetics. The proposed intrinsic rate expression for CHP hydrogenation is based on an Eley-Rideal mechanism that accounts for an irreversible surface reaction between the absorbed CHP with nonabsorbed hydrogen molecules. During CHP hydrogenation, an exponential decay in activity of the Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst and the presence of residual activity were observed. A kinetic deactivation model with residual activity was developed. Based on reaction and deactivation kinetics, catalyst deactivation was attributed to oxidation of the catalyst surface by CHP. The presence of residual activity was due to the partial reduction of oxidized catalyst surface by hydrogen. A comprehensive investigation of the catalytic hydrogenation of cumene hydroperoxide in cumene over a Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst is presented, including the effects of residence time, reaction temperature and H 2 pressure on conversion and catalyst deactivation. Attempts are made to simulate the performance of operating conditions with kinetic models.
    Print ISSN: 0930-7516
    Digitale ISSN: 1521-4125
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von Wiley
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  • 4
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    Solubility Measurement and Stability Study of Sodium Cefuroxime (2014)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-02-19
    Beschreibung: Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data DOI: 10.1021/je400938a
    Print ISSN: 0021-9568
    Digitale ISSN: 1520-5134
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Publiziert von American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    FATTY AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF SALTED MULLET ROE (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 44 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Salted mullet roe was prepared by soaking in brine, pressing and air drying. The prepared roe product was high in protein (35.5%) and lipids (25.7%). The GLC analysis showed that the major saturated fatty acid was 16:0 and the major unsaturated fatty acids were 16:l and 18:l in the roe lipids. The analysis of the roe protein indicated that the major amino acids were glutamic acid, proline and lysine. The roe protein is well balanced with essential amino acids, and appears to be a high quality protein.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb08473.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene and toluene monooxygenase genes from Burkholderia sp. AA1, an isolate capable of degrading aliphatic hydrocarbons and toluene (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 25 (2000), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: Burkholderia sp.; catechol 2,3-dioxygenase; monooxygenase; toluene; degradation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Burkholderia sp. AA1 isolated from a diesel fuel-contaminated site degraded toluene, as well as a wide range of alkanes from decane (C8) to pentacosane (C25) as sole carbon and energy sources. This strain also utilized m-toluate, p-toluate, o-toluate, and m-cresol as sole carbon and energy sources. Toluene- and toluate-grown cells showed catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity and indole oxidation activity that is exhibited by some toluene oxygenation enzymes. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene (catB) was cloned and sequenced. Its deduced amino acid sequence is analogous to the extradiol dioxygenases cloned from a variety of microorganisms. A DNA fragment containing the genes for the indole oxidation activity was cloned and sequenced. A seven-gene cluster designated as tbhABCDEFG was identified. Significant similarities were found with multicomponent monooxygenase systems for toluene, benzene and phenol from different bacterial strains. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 127–131.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000042
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analysis of liquid chromatography with nonuniform crystallite particles (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 1569-1576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A mathematical analysis for the pulse responses of a liquid chromatographic column packed with crystal powders having a particle size distribution and a nonlinear adsorption isotherm is presented. The mathematical model is solved numerically by the orthogonal collocation method. Based on the parametric analysis of the model, the effects of a symmetrical and moderately asymmetric PSD on the LC responses are shown to be negligible in comparison with the effects of other parameters, such as isotherm nonlinearity, whose effects are much more profound. The simulated responses are compared with the experimental response data for an LC column packed with silicalite crystals, and a good agreement is found between the theoretical and experimental results. Using the nonlinear LC model, the simultaneous determination of nonlinear adsorption isotherms and intraparticle diffusivities from LC pulse responses is demonstrated for liquids in porous adsorbents.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690361013
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Theory of gas diffusion and permeation in inorganic molecular-sieve membranes (1995)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 58-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Theoretical models of gas diffusion and permeation in microporous molecularsieve membranes are presented. The effect of the adsorbed diffusant on the total transmembrane flow is insignificant for permanent gases. For highly adsorbable gases the effect of the adsorbed molecules on the total transmembrane flux may be high at low temperatures. The activation energy of diffusion increases when the kinetic diameter of the diffusant increases. The activation energy of gas diffusion compares well with the values calculated based on the Lennard-Jones potential. Maximum possible permeability coefficients calculated for He in the molecular-sieve membranes do not exceed ˜30,000 Barrer at room temperature. The experimentally observed value for He permeability is ˜1,000 Barrer (T=30°C) because of the high tortuosity (τ≍ 25) and low porosity (θ = 0.22) of the membrane porous structure.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690410107
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the computation of complex equilibria (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 299-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A method is described for solving the problem: given fixed pressure, temperature, the amounts of the chemical elements, and the chemical potentials of possible chemical species at the pressure and temperature specified, determine the equilibrium composition. The method requires a minimum of judgment on the part of the user.A modification of Naphtali's method for direct minimization of Gibbs' function provides an estimate of the composition of sufficient accuracy to insure convergence of solution, by the Newton-Raphson method, of the nonlinear equations describing the equilibrium.Problems in treating multiple phaes of unknown stability and chemical species present in small amouts are handled by ignoring unstable phases and small quantitites in the direct minimization until the amounts of the major consitituents have been at least approximately determined. To accomplish this, species temporarily ignored are assigned a ficitious mol fraction so that their re-entry into the calculation can be established. Truncation errors in the direct minimziation can be tolerated because of the two-step method.Examples of some of the problems solved are given.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180209
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transient diffusion in solids with a bipore distribution (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Transient diffusion of n-butane, iso-butane, and 1-butene in synthetic CaX(Na) spherical pellets is studied in a constant volume, well-stirred system. The intracrystalline diffusion coefficients are in the order of 10-14 cm2/s, and the activation energy is about 7.0 Kcal/g-mole. Experimental data agree well with a mathematical model developed to describe transient diffusion.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220118
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