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  • Survey  (10)
  • Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute  (10)
  • Springer
Collection
Keywords
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  • Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute  (10)
  • Springer
  • Tehran, Iran  (10)
Years
  • 1
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    Comprehensive ecological survey of the possible controlling of invader Mnemiopsis leidyi population in the Caspian Sea - Activity 1: Abundance and distribution of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Caspian Sea (Iranian Coasts) (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This project has been started as monitoring study since 2001 that in first phase has lasted for two years and because of its importance, it was decided that this study should be continued for two other years. In the early 1980s, an alien ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi already known as a gelatinous zooplankton was transported (likely via ballast waters) to the Black Sea from its native waters of the western Atlantic. The possibility of Mnemiopsis leidyi introduction into other sensitive, neighbouring ecosystems, notably the Caspian Sea, had been mentioned during the GESAMP meeting in 1994. And, as expected, this ctenophore was reported to be present in the Caspian Sea by November 1999. In this report, spatial and temporal distribution of M. leidyi had been investigated in southern Caspian Sea (Iranian waters) in 6 transects consisted of Lisar, Anzali, Sefidroud, Nowshar, Babolsar and Amirabad at 24 stations during 2003 and 2004. As a whole, 818 samples had been analized included 236, 302, 136 and 144 belong to ctenophore, phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos. Meantime 811 physicochemical parameters had been measured. Water temperature varied between 7.8 to 29.3 co . Transparencies also fluctuated from 0.20 to 10.5 m. Salinity in different regions was from 7.80 to 13.90 ppt and the average was 12.09 ppt. pH was between 7.2- 8.6. Demand oxygen (O2) has been measured very high in water surface (12.89 µg.l) and it decreased at minimum level in deep down to 4 µg.l. Nutrients measurements such as NO2, NO3 and NH4 were 0.10-15.17 , 3.80- 133.40 and 0.36- 86.40 µg.l, respectively. Total nitrate and phosphate were measured between 337.00- 1635.00 and 14.90-103.40 µg.l, respectively. Comparison of M. leidyi distribution in the southern Caspian Sea shown that maximum abundance recorded in warm summer months (e.g. August) with 11627 ind.m 2 and its biomass maximum was in autumn months (September and October) about 446.11 gr.m 2 . Mean abundance and biomass of M. leidyi were 2504 ind.m2 and 142.42 gr.m 2 , respectively. Maximum size of the ctenophore recorded as 70 mm while the less than 10 mm length frequency consisted 92.2 per cent of total population. Spatial distribution of M. leidyi in different regions shown that Sefidroud not only had the maximum Mnemiopsis abundance but also consisted higher biomass in the southern Caspian Sea in 2003-4. At present study, 142 phytoplankton species were identified which belongs to Chrysophyta (67,48 ), Chlorophyta (23,16%), Cyanophyta (22,15% ), Pyrhophyta (21,15% ) and Euglenophyta (9,6%). Mean phytoplankton abundance and biomass were 11137032 ind. m 3 and 40.26 mg. m 3 , respectively. Chrysophyta (diatoms) consisted 42 and 47% of whole phytoplankton abundance and biomass. In the other hand, this group included 50 % of phytoplankton population. In zooplankton study, there were identified 21 species in which 10 species were only meroplankton (zoobenthic) and 11 species was holoplankton. These species belongs to Copepoda (4,37% ), Rotatoria (4,36% ), Cilliophora (2,18% ) and Cladocera (1,9% ). Monthly zooplankton abundance and biomass data shown that its population completely effected by Copepoda. Among copepoda, Acartia clausi was the main species duri ng 2003-4. As a whole, maximum abundance recorded in spring (March) and autumn (September) about 11497 and 11321 ind. m 3 while it s maximum biomass occurred in summer (August) with 48.95 mg. m 3 . Zooplankton minimum abundance and biomass were in wintertime about 3894 ind. m 3 and 10.16 mg. m 3 . Benthic fauna in recent study consisted 27 species included Gammaride (8,29% ), Cumacea (7, 26% ), Polychaeta (4,15% ), Bivalvia (3,11% ) and Oligochaeta, Balanidae and Xantidae each one (4% ) species. Mean benthic abundance and biomass were 1215 ind. m 2 and 20.09 g. m 2 , respectively. Polychaeta and Oligochaeta were established maximum frequency about 49 and 34% of total fauna while Bivalvia consisted 82.8% biomass overall.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Ecological ; Survey ; Mnemiopsis leidyi ; Population ; Distribution ; Abundance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 56pp.
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  • 2
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    Limnological survey on the most important rivers in the Iranian Southern Coasts of the Caspian Sea in the Guilan province with emphasize on the pollutants(Hevigh, Karkanrud and Shafarud rivers) (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In order to create a reliable ecological database for Guilans running waters(north Iran near the Caspian sea), at the first step 3 important rivers containing Hevigh, Karkanrud and Shafarud, were selected and limnological survey, during autumn 1380 and summer1381 were seasonally carried out for them. Results showed that the key physico-chemical parameters such as dissolved O2, BOD5, pH, Phosphate, Nitrate, Nitrite, ammonium and in all of the three rivers water were in their normal range suggesting good water quality. Chrysophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta were respectively the most prevalent phytoplankton taxa and Zooplankton fauna of the rivers were fixed and sessile species belong to Protozoa and Rotatoria. 42 benthic macroinvertebrates taxa(Hevigh:36,Karkanrud:22 and Shafarud:30) were identified in these 3 rivers which individuals belong to order Diptera compromise the most divers and frequent one. Regarding macroinvertebrates diversity and indicator groups, it seems that Hevigh river has relatively better water quality than the two other. 23 fish species belong to 9 family,7 order and 2 class , were identified in these rivers during the study period which cyprinid were the most diverse and prevalent of them. Albornoides sp., Capoeta capoeta and Neogobios sp. were the most widespread and frequent species of the identified fishes in all of them. Bacteriological survey including Coliform and E.Colie count showed that the lower parts of the rivers near the estuaries were more infected and the bottom sediments had more bacterial count during the all sampling period. However the total coliform count never exceed of 200 colonies per 100cc , suggesting no risk for direct contact (swimming and washing), according to EPA standards. Chromium, Cadmium and Mercury had very low concentrations in the rivers water but Cupper had relatively high concentration (up to 1.788 mg/l in Hevigh river) amongst the studied heavy metals. The maximum and minimum concentrations of detergent materials or surfactant (LAS) were respectively observed in Shafarud (0.047 mg/l) and Hevigh (0.014 mg/l). According to the results of the study even though all the three rivers water had an overall reasonable quality, but some signs of destructions and degradations such as sedimentation, relatively increase of nutrient, increased concentrations of some pollutants, which all results in the low diversity of macroinvertebrates and prevents migration of anadromous fishes, calls for a continuing monitoring program and precise control for these regions.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Chrysophyta ; Water quality ; Phosphate ; Physico-chemical parameters ; Limnological ; Survey
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 158pp.
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  • 3
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    Limnological survay of Anzali wetland data during 1990-2003 by use of GIS system (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Anzali wetland at south west of Caspian located along of North West and southeast and with its unique feature were add on the Ramsar convention list in 1975. There were recorded a high rich of fauna and flora including 276 plant species, 23 reptiles and amphibians, 60 fishes, 26 mammals and 195 birds. Anzali wetland were encountered with numerous disorder with the eutrophication and the early dismissing. The first studies on Anzali wetland started by many international institutions in 1964. In this study the data of biotic and abiotic factors in Anzali wetland analyzed which belongs to different sites (15 to 38 stations) during 1991 to 2000 and were sampled seasonally or monthly in different years. The results showed the increasing trend of phytoplankton abundance from 7.9 to 66 million C./l. and the western part had the most abundant. The Cyanophyta had the most development than other 7 phylum observed in the area. In Anzali wetland identified 143 phytoplankton genus that 9 genus dominated in more than 80 % replicates and 7 genus had the abundance of more than 5 million cell/l. The Zooplankton abundant increased from 580 to 2200 ind./l. The Rotatoria had the most abundant followed by Copepoda. There was identified 104 zooplankton genus that 5 genus were dominated in more than 80 % replicates and 11 genus had the abundance of more than 30 ind./L. The chlorophyll a varied from 8.8 to 50.2 μg/l. and had a increasing trend after 1996, meanwhile it was measured higher than 25 μg/l in most of the stations. The results of benthic study showed that the Chironomidae and Tubificidae were observed more than other organisms which comprised 12.2 to 23.5% of total biomass of benthic organisms in studied period. The range of biomass was 1.1 to 7.8 g/m2. The ichthyologic survey showed presence of 60 species that 11 species were exotic. 28 species belong to freshwater, 17 species were anadromous and 8 species were resident in estuary. The highest and lowest fish catch were 640 and 288 ton in 1994 and 1999 respectively and it was about 500 ton at the end of period. The hydrochemical factors had the various fluctuation so that the nutrients parameters had a significant difference over studied period. Total nitrogen was varied from 0.78 to 1.41 mg/l and total phosphorus varied from 0.05 to 0.1 μg/l.. The oxygen dissolved amount was from 4.6 to 8.7. EC was between 3 to 5 ms/cm during September and October that indicated of Caspian water projection. According to geographic position of station, all biotic and abiotic data, were arranged. The data bank is used by Idrisi software to produce of necessary maps. Analysis of data showed that there must be a responsible department with a vast authority. Conservation and eutrophication prevention of Anzali wetland connect to special attention to catchment area and landuse management of the wetland. Also there is an urgent need for well-developed technologies and managements to reduce the organic pollution and its environmental impacts on the Anzali Lagoon.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Environmental ; Limnological ; Survey ; GIS ; Fauna ; Flora ; Cyanophyta ; Phylum ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Chlorophyll a ; Biomass ; Species ; Hydrochemical ; Nutrients ; Dissolved oxygen
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 123pp.
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  • 4
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    Adaptation and use of amphipoda in fish culture ponds in order to increase fish production (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Use and enrichment of live food resource in fish farms have been interested and highly demanded. Crustacean are one of the important groups. The Pontogammarus maeoticus dominated in southern Caspian Sea shore with a high abundance. This study was designed in order to adaptation and usage of amphipoda in fish culture ponds. The first part have been surveyed the laboratory experiments including of; to increasing and developing of P.maeoticus in 200 litter container, the effects of salinity on growth and survival of amphipods in many aquariums, the culture of common carp with amphipods and growth determination of them. Chemical composition analysis of P.maeoticus and carps fed by amphipods in compare to cultured carps from ordinary ponds. Due to concern about common healthy the heavy metal concentration has been measured in P. maeoticus, carp which were fed by amphipods and the cultured carps in earth ponds. In second phase; the adaptation of two amphipods species, P. maeoticus and Obesogammarus acuminatus was studied in fish ponds where some cages with sandy soft substrate had been provided for amphipoda replacement. Also a small surface of ponds surrounded by net and covered by Azola plant, a habitat suitable for to putting of O. acuminatus. Production of amphipoda had not the successfully results in large tanks. Aquariums with Caspian sea water had the prosper results where the specimens were breeding and developing properly, even though in some aquarium with freshwater increased the amphipods number. The chemical composition had not significant difference between two kind of cultured carps while the organic component in amphipoda had a high quality. The better quality of cultured carp by amphipod diet have been confirmed by organoleptic test. The results of heavy metal measurement in amphipoda showed a high concentration which some of them were transmitted to cultured carps. Result of amphipoda replacement in cage was not satisfy and the specimens were died after some days. According to hydro-chemical parameters the oxygen poorness and high trophy levels were the affective factor to abolish of specimens in cages. It seems that there are many type of P.maeoticus that can be adapted in different salinities. The molecular differentiation should be investigated to choose the suitable type of this spices for utilization in freshwater fish ponds. In other hand it can be used in fish culture ponds that will be supplied by brackish water.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Chemical ; Adaptation ; Amphipoda ; Fish ; Culture ; Ponds ; Enrichment ; Pontogammarus maeoticus ; Amphipoda ; Survey ; P.maeoticus ; Common carp ; O. acuminatus ; Oxygen ; Specimens ; Brackish water
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 71pp.
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  • 5
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    The Study of Establishment of Rainbow trout Culture and Hachery’s Farms on Zayanderood’s River region in Caharmahal and Bakhtiyari Province (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of this study was to find the best location for establishment of rainbow trout culture and hatcheries farms on Zayanderood’s river region in Charmahal and Bakhtiyari province. This survey carried out over ten station along Zayanderood’s river. The result of physical and chemical analysis showd that the annual average of air temperature varied from 9.5oc o 10oc wehre the pH annual average value were between 7.5 and 8.8. the dissolve oxygen concentration in stations except in rainbow trout farm effluent were above 10 mg/l. the other chemical , pollutant as well as pesticides levels were under the limiting concentration for rainbow trout culture and Hatcheries activity . The plankton survey showed that the Bacillurophyta were the dominant group of phytoplankton where protozoa constituted the most abundant group of zooplankton the Benthic organisms sensitive to pollutant in particular Epirus were dominant group in all stations . In regard to fishes presence in river , five species of Ciprinidae , one species from Balitoridae and one species from salmonidae families were identified . The capacity for development of rainbow trout culture for tow phase period in Zayanderood’s river region with respect to self purification potential (self purification potential were determined from the oxidation of the effluent of the only active trout farm of the river region), minimum of 10 L/s water requirement for production of trout in concrete canal and pond system and 1L/S water need for production in semi circular closed system were estimated to be 5202 metric tons.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Physical ; Chemical ; Positioning ; Rainbow trout ; Self purification ; Culture ; Hatchery ; Survey ; Temperature ; pH ; Dissolved oxygen ; Pollutant ; Plankton ; Bacillurophyta ; Phytoplankton ; Protozoa ; Zooplankton ; Benthic organisms ; Ciprinidae ; Balitoridae ; Salmonidae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 68pp.
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  • 6
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    Limnological survey of Anzali Wetland data during 1990-2003 by use of GIS system (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25200 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:38:28 | 25200 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Anzali wetland at south west of Caspian located along of North West and southeast and with its unique feature were add on the Ramsar convention list in 1975. There were recorded a high rich of fauna and flora including 276 plant species, 23 reptiles and amphibians, 60 fishes, 26 mammals and 195 birds. Anzali wetland were encountered with numerous disorder with the eutrophication and the early dismissing. The first studies on Anzali wetland started by many international institutions in 1964. In this study the data of biotic and abiotic factors in Anzali wetland analyzed which belongs to different sites (15 to 38 stations) during 1991 to 2000 and were sampled seasonally or monthly in different years. The results showed the increasing trend of phytoplankton abundance from 7.9 to 66 million C./l. and the western part had the most abundant. The Cyanophyta had the most development than other 7 phylum observed in the area. In Anzali wetland identified 143 phytoplankton genus that 9 genus dominated in more than 80 % replicates and 7 genus had the abundance of more than 5 million cell/l. The Zooplankton abundant increased from 580 to 2200 ind./l. The Rotatoria had the most abundant followed by Copepoda. There was identified 104 zooplankton genus that 5 genus were dominated in more than 80 % replicates and 11 genus had the abundance of more than 30 ind./L. The chlorophyll a varied from 8.8 to 50.2 μg/l. and had a increasing trend after 1996, meanwhile it was measured higher than 25 μg/l in most of the stations. The results of benthic study showed that the Chironomidae and Tubificidae were observed more than other organisms which comprised 12.2 to 23.5% of total biomass of benthic organisms in studied period. The range of biomass was 1.1 to 7.8 g/m2. The ichthyologic survey showed presence of 60 species that 11 species were exotic. 28 species belong to freshwater, 17 species were anadromous and 8 species were resident in estuary. The highest and lowest fish catch were 640 and 288 ton in 1994 and 1999 respectively and it was about 500 ton at the end of period. The hydrochemical factors had the various fluctuation so that the nutrients parameters had a significant difference over studied period. Total nitrogen was varied from 0.78 to 1.41 mg/l and total phosphorus varied from 0.05 to 0.1 μg/l.. The oxygen dissolved amount was from 4.6 to 8.7. EC was between 3 to 5 ms/cm during September and October that indicated of Caspian water projection. According to geographic position of station, all biotic and abiotic data, were arranged. The data bank is used by Idrisi software to produce of necessary maps. Analysis of data showed that there must be a responsible department with a vast authority. Conservation and eutrophication prevention of Anzali wetland connect to special attention to catchment area and landuse management of the wetland. Also there is an urgent need for well-developed technologies and managements to reduce the organic pollution and its environmental impacts on the Anzali Lagoon.
    Keywords: Limnology ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Anzali wetland ; Ramsar ; Anzali Lagoon ; Limnological ; Survey ; GIS ; Fauna ; Flora ; Cyanophyta ; Phylum ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Chlorophyll a ; Biomass ; Species ; Hydrochemical ; Nutrients ; Dissolved oxygen
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 123
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  • 7
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    Adaptation and use of amphipoda in fish culture ponds in order to increase fish production (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25201 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:03:37 | 25201 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Use and enrichment of live food resource in fish farms have been interested and highly demanded. Crustacean are one of the important groups. The Pontogammarus maeoticus dominated in southern Caspian Sea shore with a high abundance. This study was designed in order to adaptation and usage of amphipoda in fish culture ponds. The first part have been surveyed the laboratory experiments including of; to increasing and developing of P.maeoticus in 200 litter container, the effects of salinity on growth and survival of amphipods in many aquariums, the culture of common carp with amphipods and growth determination of them. Chemical composition analysis of P.maeoticus and carps fed by amphipods in compare to cultured carps from ordinary ponds. Due to concern about common healthy the heavy metal concentration has been measured in P. maeoticus, carp which were fed by amphipods and the cultured carps in earth ponds. In second phase; the adaptation of two amphipods species, P. maeoticus and Obesogammarus acuminatus was studied in fish ponds where some cages with sandy soft substrate had been provided for amphipoda replacement. Also a small surface of ponds surrounded by net and covered by Azola plant, a habitat suitable for to putting of O. acuminatus. Production of amphipoda had not the successfully results in large tanks. Aquariums with Caspian Sea water had the prosper results where the specimens were breeding and developing properly, even though in some aquarium with freshwater increased the amphipods number. The chemical composition had not significant difference between two kind of cultured carps while the organic component in amphipoda had a high quality. The better quality of cultured carp by amphipod diet have been confirmed by organoleptic test. The results of heavy metal measurement in amphipoda showed a high concentration which some of them were transmitted to cultured carps. Result of amphipoda replacement in cage was not satisfy and the specimens were died after some days. According to hydro-chemical parameters the oxygen poorness and high trophy levels were the affective factor to abolish of specimens in cages. It seems that there are many type of P.maeoticus that can be adapted in different salinities. The molecular differentiation should be investigated to choose the suitable type of this spices for utilization in freshwater fish ponds. In other hand it can be used in fish culture ponds that will be supplied by brackish water.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Adaptation ; Amphipoda ; Fish ; Culture ; Ponds ; Enrichment ; Pontogammarus maeoticus ; Amphipoda ; Survey ; P.maeoticus ; Common carp ; O. acuminatus ; Oxygen ; Specimens ; Brackish water
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 71
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  • 8
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    The study of establishment of rainbow trout culture and hatchery farms on Zayanderood’s River region in Caharmahal and Bakhtiyari Province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25620 | 18721 | 2018-10-14 02:36:27 | 25620 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The aim of this study was to find the best location for establishment of rainbow trout culture and hatcheries farms on Zayanderood’s river region in Charmahal and Bakhtiyari province. This survey carried out over ten station along Zayanderood’s river. The result of physical and chemical analysis showd that the annual average of air temperature varied from 9.5oC - 10oC where the pH annual average value were between 7.5 and 8.8. the dissolve oxygen concentration in stations except in rainbow trout farm effluent were above 10 mg/l. the other chemical , pollutant as well as pesticides levels were under the limiting concentration for rainbow trout culture and Hatcheries activity. The plankton survey showed that the Bacillurophyta were the dominant group of phytoplankton where protozoa constituted the most abundant group of zooplankton the Benthic organisms sensitive to pollutant in particular Epirus were dominant group in all stations. In regard to fishes presence in river, five species of Ciprinidae, one species from Balitoridae and one species from salmonidae families were identified. The capacity for development of rainbow trout culture for tow phase period in Zayanderood’s river region with respect to self purification potential (self purification potential were determined from the oxidation of the effluent of the only active trout farm of the river region), minimum of 10 L/s water requirement for production of trout in concrete canal and pond system and 1 L/S water need for production in semi circular closed system were estimated to be 5202 metric tons.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caharmahal and Bakhtiyari province ; Positioning ; Rainbow trout ; Self purification ; Culture ; Hatchery ; Survey ; Temperature ; pH ; Dissolved oxygen ; Pollutant ; Plankton ; Bacillurophyta ; Phytoplankton ; Protozoa ; Zooplankton ; Benthic organisms ; Ciprinidae ; Balitoridae ; Salmonidae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 68
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  • 9
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    Limnological survey on the most important rivers in the Iranian southern soasts of the Caspian Sea in the Guilan Province with emphasize on the pollutants (Hevigh, Karkanrud and Shafarud rivers) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25078 | 18721 | 2018-08-19 16:08:10 | 25078 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In order to create a reliable ecological database for Guilans running waters(north Iran near the Caspian sea), at the first step 3 important rivers containing Hevigh, Karkanrud and Shafarud, were selected and limnological survey, during autumn 1380 and summer1381 were seasonally carried out for them. Results showed that the key physico-chemical parameters such as dissolved O2, BOD5, pH, Phosphate, Nitrate, Nitrite, ammonium and in all of the three rivers water were in their normal range suggesting good water quality. Chrysophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta were respectively the most prevalent phytoplankton taxa and Zooplankton fauna of the rivers were fixed and sessile species belong to Protozoa and Rotatoria. 42 benthic macroinvertebrates taxa(Hevigh:36,Karkanrud:22 and Shafarud:30) were identified in these 3 rivers which individuals belong to order Diptera compromise the most divers and frequent one. Regarding macroinvertebrates diversity and indicator groups, it seems that Hevigh river has relatively better water quality than the two other. 23 fish species belong to 9 family,7 order and 2 class , were identified in these rivers during the study period which cyprinid were the most diverse and prevalent of them. Albornoides sp., Capoeta capoeta and Neogobios sp. were the most widespread and frequent species of the identified fishes in all of them. Bacteriological survey including Coliform and E.Colie count showed that the lower parts of the rivers near the estuaries were more infected and the bottom sediments had more bacterial count during the all sampling period. However the total coliform count never exceed of 200 colonies per 100cc , suggesting no risk for direct contact (swimming and washing), according to EPA standards. Chromium, Cadmium and Mercury had very low concentrations in the rivers water but Cupper had relatively high concentration (up to 1.788 mg/l in Hevigh river) amongst the studied heavy metals. The maximum and minimum concentrations of detergent materials or surfactant (LAS) were respectively observed in Shafarud (0.047 mg/l) and Hevigh (0.014 mg/l). According to the results of the study even though all the three rivers water had an overall reasonable quality, but some signs of destructions and degradations such as sedimentation, relatively increase of nutrient, increased concentrations of some pollutants, which all results in the low diversity of macroinvertebrates and prevents migration of anadromous fishes, calls for a continuing monitoring program and precise control for these regions.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; S Caspian Sea ; Guilan province ; Karkanrud ; Shafarud ; Chrysophyta ; Water quality ; Phosphate ; Physico-chemical parameters ; Limnological ; Survey
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 158
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  • 10
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    Comprehensive ecological survey of the possible controlling of invader Mnemiopsis leidyi population in the Caspian Sea - Activity 1: Abundance and distribution of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Caspian Sea (Iranian Coasts) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25121 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 13:31:31 | 25121 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This project has been started as monitoring study since 2001 that in first phase has lasted for two years and because of its importance, it was decided that this study should be continued for two other years. In the early 1980s, an alien ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi already known as a gelatinous zooplankton was transported (likely via ballast waters) to the Black Sea from its native waters of the western Atlantic. The possibility of Mnemiopsis leidyi introduction into other sensitive, neighboring ecosystems, notably the Caspian Sea, had been mentioned during the GESAMP meeting in 1994. And, as expected, this ctenophore was reported to be present in the Caspian Sea by November 1999. In this report, spatial and temporal distribution of M. leidyi had been investigated in southern Caspian Sea (Iranian waters) in 6 transects consisted of Lisar, Anzali, Sefidroud, Nowshar, Babolsar and Amirabad at 24 stations during 2003 and 2004. As a whole, 818 samples had been analyzed included 236, 302, 136 and 144 belong to ctenophore, phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos. Meantime 811 physicochemical parameters had been measured. Water temperature varied between 7.8 to 29.3 co. Transparencies also fluctuated from 0.20 to 10.5 m. Salinity in different regions was from 7.80 to 13.90 ppt and the average was 12.09 ppt. pH was between 7.2- 8.6. Demand oxygen (O2) has been measured very high in water surface (12.89 µg.l) and it decreased at minimum level in deep down to 4 µg.l. Nutrients measurements such as NO_2, NO_3 and NH_4 were 0.10-15.17 , 3.80- 133.40 and 0.36- 86.40 µg.l, respectively. Total nitrate and phosphate were measured between 337.00- 1635.00 and 14.90-103.40 µg.l, respectively. Comparison of M. leidyi distribution in the southern Caspian Sea shown that maximum abundance recorded in warm summer months (e.g. August) with 11627 ind.m^2 and its biomass maximum was in autumn months (September and October) about 446.11 gr.m^2 . Mean abundance and biomass of M. leidyi were 2504 ind.m^2 and 142.42 gr.m^2, respectively. Maximum size of the ctenophore recorded as 70 mm while the less than 10 mm length frequency consisted 92.2 per cent of total population. Spatial distribution of M. leidyi in different regions shown that Sefidroud not only had the maximum Mnemiopsis abundance but also consisted higher biomass in the southern Caspian Sea in 2003-4. At present study, 142 phytoplankton species were identified which belongs to Chrysophyta (67, 48), Chlorophyta (23, 16%), Cyanophyta (22, 15%), Pyrhophyta (21, 15%) and Euglenophyta (9, 6%). Mean phytoplankton abundance and biomass were 11137032 ind. m^3 and 40.26 mg. m^3, respectively. Chrysophyta (diatoms) consisted 42 and 47% of whole phytoplankton abundance and biomass. In the other hand, this group included 50 % of phytoplankton population. In zooplankton study, there were identified 21 species in which 10 species were only meroplankton (zoobenthic) and 11 species was holoplankton. These species belongs to Copepoda (4, 37%), Rotatoria (4, 36%), Cilliophora (2, 18%) and Cladocera (1, 9%). Monthly zooplankton abundance and biomass data shown that its population completely effected by Copepoda. Among copepoda, Acartia clausi was the main species duri ng 2003-4. As a whole, maximum abundance recorded in spring (March) and autumn (September) about 11497 and 11321 ind. m^3 while its maximum biomass occurred in summer (August) with 48.95 mg. m^3. Zooplankton minimum abundance and biomass were in wintertime about 3894 ind. m^3 and 10.16 mg. m^3. Benthic fauna in recent study consisted 27 species included Gammaride (8, 29%), Cumacea (7, 26%), Polychaeta (4, 15%), Bivalvia (3, 11%) and Oligochaeta, Balanidae and Xantidae each one (4%) species. Mean benthic abundance and biomass were 1215 ind. m^ 2 and 20.09 g. m^2, respectively. Polychaeta and Oligochaeta were established maximum frequency about 49 and 34% of total fauna while Bivalvia consisted 82.8% biomass overall.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Iranian Coasts ; Ecological ; Survey ; Mnemiopsis leidyi ; Population ; Distribution ; Abundance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 56
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