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  • 1
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    RNA silencing: the genome's immune system (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-05-23
    Description: Genomes are databases sensitive to invasion by viruses. In recent years, a defense mechanism has been discovered, which turns out to be conserved among eukaryotes. The system can be compared to the immune system in several ways: It has specificity against foreign elements and the ability to amplify and raise a massive response against an invading nucleic acid. The latter property is beginning to be understood at the molecular level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Plasterk, Ronald H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hubrecht Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. Plasterk@niob.knaw.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12016302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Pairing ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Endoribonucleases/metabolism ; *Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Immune System/physiology ; Plants/genetics ; RNA Replicase/metabolism ; RNA, Antisense/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Double-Stranded/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Plant/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; RNA, Untranslated/*metabolism ; Ribonuclease III ; Virus Physiological Phenomena ; Viruses/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and its genome (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-20
    Description: Over the past two decades, the small soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has become established as a major model system for the study of a great variety of problems in biology and medicine. One of its most significant advantages is its simplicity, both in anatomy and in genomic organization. The entire haploid genetic content amounts to 100 million base pairs of DNA, about 1/30 the size of the human value. As a result, C. elegans has also provided a pilot system for the construction of physical maps of larger animal and plant genomes, and subsequently for the complete sequencing of those genomes. By mid-1995, approximately one-fifth of the complete DNA sequence of this animal had been determined. Caenorhabditis elegans provides a test bed not only for the development and application of mapping and sequencing technologies, but also for the interpretation and use of complete sequence information. This article reviews the progress so far toward a realizable goal--the total description of the genome of a simple animal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hodgkin, J -- Plasterk, R H -- Waterston, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):410-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Helminth ; *Genome ; Mutation ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Genome maps. VI. Caenorhabditis elegans. Wall chart (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chalfie, M -- Eddy, S -- Hengartner, M O -- Hodgkin, J -- Kohara, Y -- Plasterk, R H -- Waterston, R H -- White, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):415-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7569996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Helminth ; *Genome ; Molecular Sequence Data
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Secondary siRNAs result from unprimed RNA synthesis and form a distinct class (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-12-13
    Description: In Caenorhabditis elegans, an effective RNA interference (RNAi) response requires the production of secondary short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by RNA-directed RNA polymerases (RdRPs). We cloned secondary siRNAs from transgenic C. elegans lines expressing a single 22-nucleotide primary siRNA. Several secondary siRNAs start a few nucleotides downstream of the primary siRNA, indicating that non-RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex)-cleaved mRNAs are substrates for secondary siRNA production. In lines expressing primary siRNAs with single-nucleotide mismatches, secondary siRNAs do not carry the mismatch but contain the nucleotide complementary to the mRNA. We infer that RdRPs perform unprimed RNA synthesis. Secondary siRNAs are only of antisense polarity, carry 5' di- or triphosphates, and are only in the minority associated with RDE-1, the RNAi-specific Argonaute protein. Therefore, secondary siRNAs represent a distinct class of small RNAs. Their biogenesis depends on RdRPs, and we propose that each secondary siRNA is an individual RdRP product.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sijen, Titia -- Steiner, Florian A -- Thijssen, Karen L -- Plasterk, Ronald H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):244-7. Epub 2006 Dec 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hubrecht Laboratory (NIOB-KNAW), Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, the Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17158288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Base Pairing ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Phosphates/analysis ; *RNA Interference ; RNA Replicase/metabolism ; RNA, Antisense/*biosynthesis/chemistry/metabolism ; RNA, Complementary/biosynthesis ; RNA, Helminth/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/*biosynthesis/chemistry/metabolism ; Ribonuclease III/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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