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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Schlagwort(e): Carbene complexes ; Carboxylato complexes ; Density functional calculations ; Palladium ; Rhodium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The structures of several complexes arising from the interaction between methylene and palladium and rhodium diformates were optimized through density functional calculations. For palladium, mono-, di-, and trimeric complexes were considered. The results obtained show that in all cases the most stable structures correspond to complexes in which methylene has inserted in one of the M-O bonds, while metal-carbene complexes are energy minima only for monomeric palladium diformate and for rhodium diformate. Trimeric palladium formate is thermodynamically stable upon fragmentation. However, when it reacts with methylene, fragmentation becomes favorable. The role of the resulting monomeric complex in the olefin cyclopropanation mechanism catalyzed by palladium dicarboxylates is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Schlagwort(e): Cycloadditions ; Carbenes ; Nitrones ; Nitrilimines ; Pyrazolines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: ---The reaction of tert-butylalkynyl chromium Fischer carbene complex 1 with nitrones 2 affords β-enamino-ketoaldehydes 4 by the light-promoted rearrangement of the corresponding [3+2] cycloadduct carbene complexes 3. On the other hand, [3+2] cycloaddition of chiral nonracemic Fischer alkenyl carbene complexes 19 with nitrilimines 10 yields enantiomerically pure Δ2-pyrazolines with high regio- and diastereoselectivity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Schlagwort(e): Carbohydrates ; Glycosides ; Conformation analysis ; Molecular modeling ; Carbohydrates ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: ---The conformational behaviours of several nonhydrolizable lactose analogues, namely methyl α-thiolactoside (1), methyl β-carbalactoside (2) and methyl β-carbaiminolactoside (3) have been studied using a combination of NMR spectroscopy (J and NOE data) and molecular mechanics calculations. Analogies and differences with the natural compounds have been found.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under //http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2046/2000/99592_s.pdf or from the author.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-05-04
    Beschreibung: Extracts of the resin of the guggul tree (Commiphora mukul) lower LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels in humans. The plant sterol guggulsterone [4,17(20)-pregnadiene-3,16-dione] is the active agent in this extract. We show that guggulsterone is a highly efficacious antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear hormone receptor that is activated by bile acids. Guggulsterone treatment decreases hepatic cholesterol in wild-type mice fed a high-cholesterol diet but is not effective in FXR-null mice. Thus, we propose that inhibition of FXR activation is the basis for the cholesterol-lowering activity of guggulsterone. Other natural products with specific biologic effects may modulate the activity of FXR or other relatively promiscuous nuclear hormone receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Urizar, Nancy L -- Liverman, Amy B -- Dodds, D'Nette T -- Silva, Frank Valentin -- Ordentlich, Peter -- Yan, Yingzhuo -- Gonzalez, Frank J -- Heyman, Richard A -- Mangelsdorf, David J -- Moore, David D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1703-6. Epub 2002 May 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11988537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Binding Sites ; Caco-2 Cells ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid/pharmacology ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Humans ; *Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; Hypolipidemic Agents/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Ligands ; Liver/metabolism ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mice ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1 ; Pregnenediones/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation/drug effects ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2003-03-08
    Beschreibung: Mutations in the cytochrome P450 family 1, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 (CYP1B1) gene are a common cause of human primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Here we show that Cyp1b1-/- mice have ocular drainage structure abnormalities resembling those reported in human PCG patients. Using Cyp1b1-/- mice, we identified the tyrosinase gene (Tyr) as a modifier of the drainage structure phenotype, with Tyr deficiency increasing the magnitude of dysgenesis. The severe dysgenesis in eyes lacking both CYP1B1 and TYR was alleviated by administration of the tyrosinase product dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa). Tyr also modified the drainage structure dysgenesis in mice with a mutant Foxc1 gene, which is also involved in PCG. These experiments raise the possibility that a tyrosinase/l-dopa pathway modifies human PCG, which could open new therapeutic avenues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Libby, Richard T -- Smith, Richard S -- Savinova, Olga V -- Zabaleta, Adriana -- Martin, Janice E -- Gonzalez, Frank J -- John, Simon W M -- CA34196/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Mar 7;299(5612):1578-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12624268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Albinism, Ocular/genetics/pathology ; Animals ; Anterior Eye Segment/*abnormalities ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases/deficiency/genetics ; Cornea/abnormalities ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 ; *DNA-Binding Proteins ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Glaucoma/*congenital/enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris/abnormalities ; Levodopa/administration & dosage/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Monophenol Monooxygenase/deficiency/*genetics/metabolism ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; Trabecular Meshwork/abnormalities ; Transcription Factors/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-03-09
    Beschreibung: The classical recessive mouse mutant, Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd), exhibits adult-onset degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje neurons, retinal photoreceptors, olfactory bulb mitral neurons, and selected thalamic neurons, and has defective spermatogenesis. Here we identify Nna1 as the gene mutated in the original pcd and two additional pcd alleles (pcd2J and pcd3J). Nna1 encodes a putative nuclear protein containing a zinc carboxypeptidase domain initially identified by its induction in spinal motor neurons during axonal regeneration. The present study suggests an unexpected molecular link between neuronal degeneration and regeneration, and its results have potential implications for neurodegenerative diseases and male infertility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fernandez-Gonzalez, Angeles -- La Spada, Albert R -- Treadaway, Jason -- Higdon, Jason C -- Harris, Belinda S -- Sidman, Richard L -- Morgan, James I -- Zuo, Jian -- CA 23944/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DC 04761/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- ES 10772/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- EY 12950/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- NS 40361/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR 01183/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 8;295(5561):1904-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11884758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; *Axotomy ; Blotting, Northern ; Brain/metabolism ; *Carboxypeptidases ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Gene Expression ; Genes ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Nerve Degeneration/*genetics ; Nerve Regeneration ; Neurons/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Purkinje Cells/cytology/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Retina/metabolism ; *Serine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala Carboxypeptidase ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2003-11-15
    Beschreibung: A subset of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been shown to preferentially reduce the secretion of the highly amyloidogenic, 42-residue amyloid-beta peptide Abeta42. We found that Rho and its effector, Rho-associated kinase, preferentially regulated the amount of Abeta42 produced in vitro and that only those NSAIDs effective as Rho inhibitors lowered Abeta42. Administration of Y-27632, a selective Rock inhibitor, also preferentially lowered brain levels of Abeta42 in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the Rho-Rock pathway may regulate amyloid precursor protein processing, and a subset of NSAIDs can reduce Abeta42 through inhibition of Rho activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Yan -- Su, Yuan -- Li, Baolin -- Liu, Feng -- Ryder, John W -- Wu, Xin -- Gonzalez-DeWhitt, Patricia A -- Gelfanova, Valentina -- Hale, John E -- May, Patrick C -- Paul, Steven M -- Ni, Binhui -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Nov 14;302(5648):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neuroscience Discovery Research and Bioresearch Technologies and Proteins, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. zhou_yan_yz@lilly.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14615541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amides/pharmacology ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/*metabolism ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*pharmacology ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; Brain/drug effects/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Ibuprofen/pharmacology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Peptide Fragments/*metabolism ; Polyisoprenyl Phosphates/pharmacology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; Sesquiterpenes ; Signal Transduction ; Sulindac/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Transfection ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; rho-Associated Kinases ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-11
    Beschreibung: The interplanetary shock/electric field event of 5-6 November 2001 is analyzed using ACE interplanetary data. The consequential ionospheric effects are studied using GPS receiver data from the CHAMP and SAC-C satellites and altimeter data from the TOPEX/ Poseidon satellite. Data from ~100 ground-based GPS receivers as well as Brazilian Digisonde and Pacific sector magnetometer data are also used. The dawn-to-dusk interplanetary electric field was initially ~33 mV/m just after the forward shock (IMF BZ = -48 nT) and later reached a peak value of ~54 mV/m 1 hour and 40 min later (BZ = -78 nT). The electric field was ~45 mV/m (BZ = -65 nT) 2 hours after the shock. This electric field generated a magnetic storm of intensity DST = -275 nT. The dayside satellite GPS receiver data plus ground-based GPS data indicate that the entire equatorial and midlatitude (up to +/-50(deg) magnetic latitude (MLAT)) dayside ionosphere was uplifted, significantly increasing the electron content (and densities) at altitudes greater than 430 km (CHAMP orbital altitude). This uplift peaked ~2 1/2 hours after the shock passage. The effect of the uplift on the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) lasted for 4 to 5 hours. Our hypothesis is that the interplanetary electric field ''promptly penetrated'' to the ionosphere, and the dayside plasma was convected (by E x B) to higher altitudes. Plasma upward transport/convergence led to a ~55-60% increase in equatorial ionospheric TEC to values above ~430 km (at 1930 LT). This transport/convergence plus photoionization of atmospheric neutrals at lower altitudes caused a 21% TEC increase in equatorial ionospheric TEC at ~1400 LT (from ground-based measurements). During the intense electric field interval, there was a sharp plasma ''shoulder'' detected at midlatitudes by the GPS receiver and altimeter satellites. This shoulder moves equatorward from -54(deg) to -37(deg) MLAT during the development of the main phase of the magnetic storm. We presume this to be an ionospheric signature of the plasmapause and its motion. The total TEC increase of this shoulder is ~80%. Part of this increase may be due to a "superfountain effect." The dayside ionospheric TEC above ~430 km decreased to values ~45% lower than quiet day values 7 to 9 hours after the beginning of the electric field event. The total equatorial ionospheric TEC decrease was ~16%. This decrease occurred both at midlatitudes and at the equator. We presume that thermospheric winds and neutral composition changes produced by the storm-time Joule heating, disturbance dynamo electric fields, and electric fields at auroral and subauroral latitudes are responsible for these decreases.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: Journal Of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); Volume 109
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-08
    Beschreibung: Slow magnetic clouds have been analyzed to determine their characteristics and geoeffectiveness.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: Geophysical Research Letters
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-08
    Beschreibung: The purpose of this paper will be to examine a specific but important subset of magnetic storms, those that are caused by large southward, smoothly rotating magnetic fields: interplanetary magnetic clouds.
    Schlagwort(e): Geophysics
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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