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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Oberflächenverbindungen von Übergangsmetallen. XIV. Koordinative ungesättigte Oberflächenverbindungen von Vanadium(III) auf SilicagelProfessor Walter Hieber zum 80. Geburtstage in Dankbarkeit gewidmet (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 426 (1976), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Surface Compounds of Transition Metals. XIV. Coordinatively Unsaturated Surface Compounds of Vanadium(III) on SilicagelVanadium(V) reacts with silicagel (aqueous impregnation, activation in O2 at 800°C) to a colourless highly dispersed surface compound, which can be reduced by CO to coordinatively unsaturated violet surface vanadium(III). Reoxydation with O2 forms a deep-blue surface peroxide under chemiluminescence; heat treatment at 300°C reconstitutes the original vanadium(V) surface compound with simultaneous loss of 1/2 O2.
    Notes: Vanadium(V) bildet bei wäßriger Dotierung und nachfolgender Aktivierung (O2, 800°C) auf Silicagel farblose, hochdisperse Oberflächenverbindungen, die sich mit CO zu koordinativ ungesättigtem, violettem Oberflächen-Vanadium(III) reduzieren lassen. Reoxydation mit O2 führt unter Chemilumineszenz zunächst zu einem tiefblauen Oberflächen-Peroxid , das beim Erwärmen auf 300°C unter Abgabe von 1/2 O2 vollständig in das ursprüngliche Vanadium(V) übergeht.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19764260202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Herstellung und Eignung mikrosphärischer Silicagele für die Säulenchromatographie (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 451 (1979), S. 82-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Preparation and Suitability of Microspherical Silicas for the Column ChromatographyMicrospherical silicas with particle sizes up to 1 m̈m having nonspherical portions of ≤ 1 percent have been prepared using polyethoxysiloxane (polyester). An acid treatment of the hydrogels resulted in larger specific surfaces of the final products.The synthetized silica gels are excellently suitable for chromatographic purposes in dependence on their specific surface and their average pore diameter, resp.For the rapid determination of types of compounds by means of the micro fluorescent indicator adsorption analysis (MFIA) already crude gels could be used without any fractionation. Their specific surfaces had to be within the range of 500 ± 200 m2 g-1. For the use in the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) efficient supports should have specific surfaces in the range of 500 ± 300 m2 g-1. In this case the lower limiting value is determined by the capacity factors of the separation problem.Spheroids with surfaces of 200 ± 150 m2 g-1 have been obtained following the gel synthesis by hydrothermal treatment. These gels, however, were characterized by greater heights for theoretical plates in comparison with the initial gel.With gels, having surfaces in the range of 200 and 840 m2 g-1, the chromatographic investigation resulted in selectivity factors being independent of the surface. The capacity factors were strictly proportional to the specific surface of the support.
    Notes: Es wurde mikrosphärisches Silicagel mit Korngrößen bis zu 1 m̈m bei nichtsphärischen Anteilen ≤ 1% unter Verwendung von Polyäthoxysiloxan (Polyester) hergestellt. Saure Behandlung der Hydrogele führte zu höheren spezifischen Oberflächen der Endprodukte.Die synthetisierten Silicagele eigneten sich in Abhängigkeit von ihrer spezifischen Oberfläche bzw. ihrem mittleren Porendurchmesser ausgezeichnet zur Chromatographie.Für die schnelle Stoffgruppenbestimmung mittels Mikro-Fluoreszenzindikator-Adsorptionsanalyse (MFIA) konnten bereits Rohgele ohne Fraktionsierung Verwendung finden. Ihre spezifischen Oberflächen mußten innerhalb 500 ± 200 m2 g-1 liegen. Zum Einsatz in der schnellen Flüssigchromatographie (HPLC) sollten leistungsfähige Träger spezifische Oberflächen im Bereich 500 ± 300 m2 g-1 aufweisen. Hier richtet sich der untere Grenzwert nach den Kapazitätsfaktoren des Trennproblems.Sphäroide mit Oberflächen von 200 ± 150 m2 g-1 wurden im Anschluß an die Gelsynthese durch hydrothermales Altern gewonnen. Diese Gele zeigten jedoch im Vergleich zum Ausgangsgel größere theroretische Trennstufenhöhen.Die chromatographische Untersuchung ergab an Gelen mit Oberflächen zwischen 200 und 840 m2 g-1 oberflächenunabhängige Selektivitätsfaktoren. Die Kapazitätsfaktoren waren der spezifischen Trägeroberfläche streng proportional.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19794510113
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  • 3
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    Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonism as a possible therapy for alcoholism (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-16
    Description: Alcohol dependence is a major public health challenge in need of new treatments. As alcoholism evolves, stress systems in the brain play an increasing role in motivating continued alcohol use and relapse. We investigated the role of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), a mediator of behavioral stress responses, in alcohol dependence and treatment. In preclinical studies, mice genetically deficient in NK1R showed a marked decrease in voluntary alcohol consumption and had an increased sensitivity to the sedative effects of alcohol. In a randomized controlled experimental study, we treated recently detoxified alcoholic inpatients with an NK1R antagonist (LY686017; n = 25) or placebo (n = 25). LY686017 suppressed spontaneous alcohol cravings, improved overall well-being, blunted cravings induced by a challenge procedure, and attenuated concomitant cortisol responses. Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging responses to affective stimuli likewise suggested beneficial LY686017 effects. Thus, as assessed by these surrogate markers of efficacy, NK1R antagonism warrants further investigation as a treatment in alcoholism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉George, David T -- Gilman, Jodi -- Hersh, Jacqueline -- Thorsell, Annika -- Herion, David -- Geyer, Christopher -- Peng, Xiaomei -- Kielbasa, William -- Rawlings, Robert -- Brandt, John E -- Gehlert, Donald R -- Tauscher, Johannes T -- Hunt, Stephen P -- Hommer, Daniel -- Heilig, Markus -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Mar 14;319(5869):1536-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1153813. Epub 2008 Feb 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18276852" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; *Alcohol Drinking/drug therapy ; Alcoholism/*drug therapy ; Animals ; Behavior, Addictive/drug therapy ; Brain/drug effects/physiology ; Emotions/drug effects ; Ethanol/administration & dosage/pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; *Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists ; Pyridines/administration & dosage/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1/deficiency/genetics/*physiology ; Triazoles/administration & dosage/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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