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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (11)
  • ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING  (3)
  • 1
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    A cryogenic blackbody for millimeter wavelengths (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The present cryogenic blackbody reference, or 'cold load', for mm-wavelength radiation has an emissivity of more than 0.99 over a two-octave wavelength range and can be used as a calibrating standard for sensitive IR photometers. The transmittance spectrum obtained indicates that wave impedance and index do not vary significantly over the 80-360 GHz range.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves (ISSN 0195-9271); 5; 1507-151
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Parametric amplification and oscillation at 36 GHz using a point-contact Josephson junction (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper reports observation of doubly degenerate parametric amplification and oscillation at 36 GHz from a single point-contact Josephson junction. The experimental results agree qualitatively with theoretical calculations based on the resistively shunted junction model. The estimated noise temperature of an amplifier with 11 dB net gain is consistent with zero, but has an upper limit of 50 K. Attempts to observe parametric amplification in the singly degenerate mode with a pump frequency of 72 GHz were not successful.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics; 48; Mar. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Near millimeter wave bandpass filters (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The properties of bandpass filters for broadband photometry are reported in the 3-12/cm frequency range. The filters are based on a combination of capacitive grids deposited on thick Mylar substrates and are designed to have very high out-of-band rejection. Low frequencies are blocked by a thick grill that consists of a hexagonal grid of circular holes in a thick metal plate.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Applied Optics; 20; Apr. 15
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Grid polarizers for infrared Fourier spectrometers (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Infrared grid polarizers consisting of copper lines with a 3.6-micron grid constant on a 4-micron-thick Mylar polyester substrate have been prepared by the techniques of photolithography and sputter-etching. Their polarization properties have been measured and found to be suitable for use at infrared frequencies below 700/cm. The polarizers have been used to extend the useful frequency range of a Martin-Puplett polarizing interferometer designed for Fourier transform spectroscopy. The efficiency of the interferometer has been measured over a frequency range from 50 to 700/cm and compared to that of a conventional Michelson interferometer. The results are shown to be consistent with the measured properties of the polarizers. Methods are suggested for improving the efficiency of a Martin-Puplett interferometer which employs these polarizers.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Infrared Physics; 20; July 198
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Stressed Ge:Ga photoconductors for space-based astronomy. (Is there life beyond 120 micron) (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Information is given in viewgraph form. Information is given on the characteristics of stressed Ge:Ga, a spring type stress cavity, mounting hardware, materials parameters affecting dark current, and the behavior of low dark current stressed Ge:Ga. It is concluded that detectors exist today for background-limited detection at 200 microns, that researchers are narrowing in on the significant parameters that effect dark current in stressed photoconductors, that these findings may be applied to other photoconductor materials, and that some creative problem solving for an ionizing effect reset mechanism is needed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Proceedings of the Third Infrared Detector Technology Workshop; p 5-2
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    An adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for infrared bolometers (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators have been built and installed in small portable liquid helium cryostats to test the feasibility of this method of cooling infrared bolometric detectors to temperatures below 0.3 K. Performance has been achieved which suggests that bolometer temperatures of 0.2 K can be maintained for periods of approximately 60 hours. Applications to sensitive infrared detection from ground-based telescopes and space satellites are discussed. Design data are given which permit the evaluation of refrigerator performance for a variety of design parameters.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves; 2; Nov. 198
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Improved fabrication techniques for infrared bolometers (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Ion implantation and sputter metallization are used to produce ohmic electrical contacts to Ge:Ga chips. The method is shown to give a high yield of small monolithic bolometers with very little low-frequency noise. It is noted that when one of the chips is used as the thermometric element of a composite bolometer it must be bonded to a dielectric substrate. The thermal resistance of the conventional epoxy bond is measured and found to be undesirably large. A procedure for soldering the chip to a metallized portion of the substrate in such a way as to reduce this resistance is outlined. An evaluation is made of the contribution of the metal film absorber to the heat capacity of a composite bolometer. It is found that the heat capacity of a NiCr absorber at 1.3 K can dominate the bolometer performance. A Bi absorber possesses significantly lower heat capacity. A low-temperature blackbody calibrator is built to measure the optical responsivity of bolometers. A composite bolometer system with a throughput of approximately 0.1 sr sq cm is constructed using the new techniques. The noise in this bolometer is white above 2.5 Hz and is slightly below the value predicted by thermodynamic equilibrium theory.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves (ISSN 0195-9271); 4; Sept
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Balloon-based measurements of the cosmic background radiation (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A balloon-borne liquid-helium-cooled spectrometer was developed and flown to measure the cosmic background radiation in the 3- to 18-per-cm region. It features a cooled horn antenna, a polarizing Michelson interferometer, and a germanium bolometer. These design features and the performance of the instrument are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 9
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    A 100 micro Kelvin bolometer system for SIRTF (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Progress toward a prototype of 100 mK bolometric detection system for the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) is described. Two adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators (ADR's) were constructed and used to investigate the capabilities necessary for orbital operation. The first, a laboratory ADR, demonstrated a hold time at 0.1 K of over 12 hours, with temperature stability approx. 3 micro-K RMS achieved by controlling the magnetic field. A durable salt pill and an efficient support system have been demonstrated. A second ADR, the SIRTF flight prototype, has been built and will be flown on a balloon. Techniques for magnetic shielding, low heat leak current leads, and a mechanical heat switch are being developed in this ADR. Plans for construction of 100 mK bolometers are discussed. Three important cosmological investigations which will be carried out by these longest wavelength SIRTF detectors are described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Proceedings of the Third Infrared Detector Technology Workshop; p 35-44
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Composite bolometers for submillimeter wavelengths (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The fabrication and optimization of composite submillimeter wave bolometers with metal film absorbing elements and doped Ge thermometers are described. Performance characteristics are given for 4 x 4-mm bolometers designed for operation at both He-4 and He-3 temperatures. The performance expected from such bolometers when they are optimized for various values of background loading is calculated. Current dependent noise, which can arise from any of several sources, is included in the analysis. This can make it impossible to reach the background fluctuation noise limit. Feed structures for these bolometers which employ Winston light concentrators are described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 17; May 15
    Format: text
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