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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A morphometric study of the variations in subcellular structures of rat hepatocytes during 24 hours (1984)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 236 (1984), S. 305-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hepatocytes ; Rat ; Liver ; Circadian rhythm ; Morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Subcellular structures of hepatocytes in periportal and perivenous zones were examined during 24 h. The volume, surface and numerical profile densities of cytoplasmic organelles were analysed morphometrically. Most subcellular structures in periportal and perivenous hepatocytes were subject to strong circadian variations. In hepatocytes from both zones, the volume densities of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER), mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, polysomes and lipid droplets demonstrated peak values at 16.00 h, 20.00 h or 00.00 h; trough values were at 04.00 h, 08.00 h, or 12.00 h, except for peroxisomes (16.00 h). However, the volume densities of glycogen granules and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) in periportal and perivenous hepatocytes exhibited maximal values at 04.00 h, 08.00 h or 12.00 h and minimal values at 20.00 h. The surface densities of sER, mitochondria, lysosomes and peroxisomes, and the numerical profile densities of mitochondria, lysosomes and peroxisomes in periportal and perivenous hepatocytes showed similar trends. These events suggest that membranes of the rER show a partial correlation with the sER, mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes during the 24-h span. This may involve the interaction between ribosomes and rER. Almost all cytoplasmic organelles examined displayed significant differences between periportal and perivenous hepatocytes, morphometrically and in fine structure, indicating that the morphofunctional variability of hepatocytes differs depending on the location in the liver acinus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214231
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting of polyesters onto carbon black. III. Polymerization of β-propiolactone initiated by quaternary ammonium carboxylate groups on the surface of carbon black (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 2381-2387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: By use of carbon black containing quaternary ammonium carboxylate (COO-N+R4) groups as catalyst, the anionic ring opening polymerization of β-propiolactone (PL) was carried out at 50°C. Although carbon black itself was unable to initiate the polymerization of PL, carbon black containing COO-N+R4 groups, which was prepared by the reaction of carboxyl groups with corresponding quaternary ammonium hydroxide, was found to be able to initiate the polymerization. The carbon black obtained from the polymerization gave a stable colloidal dispersion in an organic solvent, and it was confirmed that the polyester formed was effectively grafted onto the surface. In addition, the effect of quaternary ammonium countercation on the polymerization was investigated.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070280720
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partially carbamate reaction of cellulose with urea (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2103-2107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260633
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting of poly-β-alanine onto carbon black: The hydrogen transfer polymerization of acrylamide catalyzed by n-butyllithium in the presence of carbon black (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 985-993 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The hydrogen transfer polymerization of acrylamide (AAm) catalyzed by n-butyllithium in the presence of carbon black was carried out at 80-100°C and the grafting of poly-β-alanine (nylon 3) was investigated. It was suggested that the growing polymer anion was captured by the quinonic oxygen group on the surface of carbon black. Furthermore, the growing polymer anion reacted with the phenolic hydroxyl group on the surface to give ungrafted polymer and the lithium phenolate (—O-Li+) group (chain transfer to phenolic hydroxyl group). The —O-Li+ group formed was considered to be capable of initiating the hydrogen transfer polymerization of AAm. Accordingly, during the hydrogen transfer polymerization in the presence of carbon black, poly-β-alanine was effectively grafted by the termination of growing polymer anion and the propagation of the polymer from the —O-Li+ group on the surface. The grafting ratio was determined to be 60-80%. The carbon black obtained from the polymerization gave a stable colloidal dispersion in water, N,N-dimethylformamide, and formic acid. Furthermore, it was found that the ratio of hydrogen transfer polymerization to normal vinyl polymerization (T ratio) increased with an increase in polymerization temperature.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290326
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new process combining adsorption and enzyme reaction for producing higher-fructose syrup (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 2371-2393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A process for producing a higher-fructose syrup containing more than 50% fructose was developed that involves a new system combining selective adsorption of fructose and an immobilized glucose isomerase reaction. Continuous countercurrent contact of the liquid stream with the solid adsorbent is simulated by advancing adsorption columns against the fixed inlets and outlet of liquid streams without actual movement of the solid adsorbent, while the immobilized enzyme reactors are stationary. Two mathematical models, an intermittent moving-bed and a continuous moving-bed model, are presented for calculation the concentration profiles of glucose and fructose in the system. The validity of the models is experimentally confirmed, and a criterion for good production in the system is presented. This system requires less desorbent than a process using a fixed-bed adsorber and a simulated moving-bed process to produce the syrup with 45-65% fructose content, the level desired in food manufacture.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260251008
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of formation of maltose and isomaltose through condensation of glucose by glucoamylase (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A kinetic model was devised for the hydrolysis and synthesis of maltose and isomaltose by two glucoamylases from Rhizopus niveus and Aspergillus niger, and the validity of the model was verified experimentally at 313 K and pH 5.0. For both enzymes, the formations of maltose and isomaltose from glucose were parallel reversible reactions, and glucosyl transfer between maltose and isomaltose was not observed. The enzymes catalyzed rapid hydrolysis and synthesis of maltose. Isomaltose was hydrolyzed and synthesized more slowly, but the level produced from glucose was much higher than that of maltose. These hydrolysis and condensation reactions were expressed well by the model.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260203
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circadian alterations in tubular structures on the outer mitochondrial membrane of rat hepatocytes (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 214 (1981), S. 519-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; Tubular structures ; Hepatocytes ; Circadian changes ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Subcellular structures of hepatocytes were examined at 11.00 h and 23.00h (light cycle: 06.00h–18.00h) in four adult male Wistar rats (AF/Han) per time period. 1. The volume density of mitochondria in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes obtained from peripheral parts of liver lobules shows a statistically significant difference between the two time periods examined. 2. Tubular structures arising from the outer mitochondrial membrane are clearly demonstrated. Their cisternae are continuous with the interspaces between outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. 3. These tubular structures often open directly into the cisternae of rough or smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (rER and sER) and form a “bridge” between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. 4. At 11.00 h, the rER connected with the tubular structures often possesses very few ribosomes; at 23.00 h, the amount of ribosomes on the rER is substantially greater. Furthermore, at 23.00h ribosomes are also occasionally found on the membranes of the tubular structures. 5. The incidence of tubular structures on the outer membrane of mitochondria varies significantly between the two time periods. 6. The changing pattern of the volume density of mitochondria in the cytoplasm parallels that of the incidence of the tubular structures, i.e., both are high during the active phase and low during the resting phase of the rat. 7. These results suggest that the tubular structures may play an important role in protein transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and in the rearrangement of rER during a 24-h period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233492
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESR study of radiation-induced polymerization of styrene adsorbed on silica gel (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1259-1268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of the specific surface area of silica gels on the radiation-induced polymerization of styrene adsorbed on silica gel was studied by ESR. The same radicals were generated on the silica gels regardless of the specific surface area, but the stability of the radicals at room temperature depended on the specific surface area. This means that the decay of the radicals proceeded mainly on the surface of the silica gel. Almost all the radicals generated by irradiation were initially in the bulk of the silica gel and migrated from the interior to the surface of the gel. When styrene monomer was adsorbed on the surface of the silica gel, the silica gel radicals interacted with the monomer and initiated polymerization and then generated polymer. The rate of migration of the silica gel radical was rather fast in the case of silica gel with a large specific surface area. Thus, the polymerization behavior of styrene adsorbed on silica gel greatly depended on the specific surface area of the gel.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270415
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeability of heparinized hydrophilic polymer (H-RSD): Application to semipermeable membrane for microencapsulation of activated charcoal (1982)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 16 (1982), S. 17-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A series of heparinized hydrophilic polymers (H-RSD) composed of a hydrophobic element, a nonionic hydrophilic element, a cationic element and ionically bound heparin was synthesized. The permeability of the H-RSD polymers with various chemical compositions and water contents was investigated. From the studies on the permeability, it has been found that in order to maintain good permeability after heparinization, the nonionic hydrophilic element is necessary. In addition, the microencapsulation of activated charcoal granules using a H-RSD polymer with a similar permeability to that of Cuprophan was examined. In vitro adsorption studies and in vivo direct hemoperfusion studies on the activated charcoal microencapsulated with the H-RSD polymer, show that the H-RSD coating prevents clot formation without loss of the absorption power of the activated charcoal.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820160105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of AB and BAB poly(styrene-b-4-vinylpyridine) and solution properties of their quaternized compounds (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 3099-3107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Well-definded AB and BAB poly(styrene(S)-b-4-vinylpyridine(4VP))s were prepared by anionic polymerization in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at -78°C. Quaternization of these block copolymers was carried out with methyl iodide and P4VP blocks were completely quaternized. The emulsifying effect, viscosity behavior, and binding of methyl orange to the quaternized compounds are discussed in detail from a view-point of sequential arrangements.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021831222
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