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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Dead Sea — alive again (1993)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 518-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Dead Sea ; Halobacteriaceae ; Dunaliella
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the thirteen years of quantitative studies on the microbiology of the Dead Sea from 1980 onwards three distinct periods can be discerned. Mass development of the green unicellular algaDunaliella parva (up to 8,800 cells/ml) and red archaeobacteria (2×107 cells/ml) was observed in 1980, following a dilution of the upper water layers by rain floods. This bloom disappeared at the end of 1982 as a result of a complete mixing of the water column. During the period 1983–1991 the lake was holomictic, and noDunaliella cells were observed. Viable bacteria were present during this period in very low numbers. Heavy rain floods during the winter of 1991–1992 caused a new stratification as the upper five meters of the water column became diluted to 70% of their normal salinity. In this upper water layerDunaliella reappeared (up to 3×104 cells/ml at the beginning of May, rapidly declining to less than 40 cells/ml at the end of July), and a bloom of red archaeobacteria (3×107 cells/ml) once more imparted a red coloration to the lake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955154
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clostridium lortetii sp. nov., a halophilic obligatory anaerobic bacterium producing endospores with attached gas vacuoles (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 136 (1983), S. 42-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Clostridium lortetii ; Endospores ; Gas vacuoles ; Butyric acid ; Fermentation ; Halophilic bacteria ; Dead Sea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A strain of Clostridium was isolated from Dead Sea sediment, differing from the previously described Clostridium types in its halophilic character. It required NaCl concentrations between 1 and 2 M, and optimal growth was found in 1.4–1.5 M NaCl at 30° C and in 1.7 M NaCl at 45° C. In sporulating cells gas vacuoles developed, generally near the developing terminal endospore only, and these vacuoles remained attached to the mature endospore after degeneration of the vegetative cell. Fermentation products included acetate, butyrate and hydrogen. Glucose and a few other carbohydrates stimulated growth, though they were poorly utilized. A new species name has been proposed for the organism: Clostridium lortetii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00415608
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacteriorhodopsin in a bloom of halobacteria in the Dead Sea (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 130 (1981), S. 185-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bacteriorhodopsin ; Halobacterium ; Dead Sea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A dense bloom of red halobacteria developed in the Dead Sea in the summer 1980, bacterial densities of up to 1.9 x107 cells ml-1 were observed. The population consisted of two types: pleomorphic, cup-shaped cells and rod-shaped cells. A high content of bacteriorhodopsin was found in the bloom (up to 0.4 nmol per mg protein). The rod-shaped Halobacterium was isolated and was shown to contain bacteriorhodopsin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411075
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of virus-like particles in the Dead Sea (1997)
    Springer
    Extremophiles 1 (1997), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-4909
    Keywords: Key words Virus-like particles ; Dead Sea ; Halophilic ; Archaea ; Hypersaline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Electron-microscopic examination of water samples from the hypersaline Dead Sea showed the presence of high numbers of virus-like particles. Between 0.9 and 7.3 × 107 virus-like particles ml−1 were enumerated in October 1994 in the upper 20 m of the water column during the decline of a bloom of halophilic Archaea. Virus-like particles outnumbered bacteria by a factor of 0.9–9.5 (average 4.4). A variety of viral morphologies were detected, the most often encountered being spindle-shaped, followed by polyhedral and tailed phages. In addition, other types of particles were frequently found, such as unidentified algal scales, and virus-sized star-shaped particles. Water samples collected during 1995 contained low numbers of both bacteria and virus-like particles (1.9–2.6 × 106 and 0.8–4.6 × 107 ml−1 in April 1995), with viral numbers sharply declining afterwards (less than 104 ml−1 in November 1995–January 1996). It is suggested that viruses may play a major role in the decline of halophilic archaeal communities in the Dead Sea, an environment in which protozoa and other predators are absent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007920050027
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A bloom of Dunaliella parva in the Dead Sea in 1992: biological and biogeochemical aspects (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 297 (1995), S. 173-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Dead Sea ; Dunaliella ; hypersaline ; stratification ; carbon isotopes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bloom of the unicellular green alga Dunaliella parva (up to 15 000 cells m1−1) developed in the upper 5 m of the water column of the Dead Sea in May-June 1992. This was the first mass development of Dunaliella observed in the lake since 1980, when another bloom was reported (up to 8800 cells m1−1). For a bloom of Dunaliella to develop in the Dead Sea, two conditions must be fulfilled: the salinity of the upper water layers must become sufficiently low as a result of dilution with rain floods, and phosphate must be available. During the period 1983–1991 the lake was holomictic, hardly any dilution with rainwater occurred, and no Dunaliella cells were observed. Heavy rain floods in the winter of 1991–1992 caused a new stratification, in which the upper 5 m of the water column became diluted to about 70% of their former salinity. Measurements of the isotopic composition of inorganic carbon in the upper water layer during the bloom (δ13C = 5.1‰) indicate a strong fractionation when compared with the estimated −3.4‰ prior to the bloom. The particulate organic carbon formed was highly enriched in light carbon isotopes (δ 13 C = − 13.5‰). The algal bloom rapidly declined during the months June–July, probably as a result of the formation of resting stages, which sank to the bloom. A smaller secondary bloom (up to 1850 cells m1−1) developed between 6 and 10 m depth at the end of the summer. Salinity values at this deep chlorophyll maximum were much beyond those conductive for the growth of Dunaliella, and the factors responsible for the development of this bloom are still unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019283
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of a bloom of halophilic archaea in the Dead Sea (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 315 (1995), S. 149-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Dead Sea ; archaea ; Haloferax ; Dunaliella ; heterotrophic activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract After a period of more than ten years in which bacterial and algal community sizes were extremely small, a dense bloom of halophilic archaea developed in the upper 5–10 m of the Dead Sea water column in the summer of 1992. The development of this bloom followed a dilution of the upper water layer by winter rainfloods, which enabled the development of a short-lived dense bloom of the unicellular green alga Dunaliella parva. The dense archaeal community (up to 3.5 × 107 cells m1−1 in June 1992) imparted a red coloration to the Dead Sea, due to its high content of bacterioruberin. Bacteriorhodopsin was not detected. High levels of potential heterotrophic activity were associated with the bloom, as measured by the incorporation of labeled organic substrates. After the decline of the algal bloom, archaeal numbers in the lake decreased only little, and most of the community was still present at the end of 1993. The amount of carotenoid pigment per cell, however, decreased 2–3-fold between June 1992 and August 1993. No new algal and archaeal blooms developed after the winter floods of 1992–1993, in spite of the fact that salinity values in the surface layer were sufficiently low to support a new algal bloom. A remnant of the 1992 Dunaliella bloom maintained itself at the lower end of the pycnocline at depths between 7 and 13 m (September 1992–August 1993). Its photosynthetic activity was small, and very little stimulation of archaeal growth and activity was associated with this algal community.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033627
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbiological studies in the Dead Sea: future challenges toward the understanding of life at the limit of salt concentrations (1999)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 405 (1999), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Dead Sea ; Dunaliella ; halophilic Archaea ; bacteriorhodopsin ; bacteriophages ; fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003879932328
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  • 8
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    Frustration and magnetism of the zigzag chain compounds EuL_{2}O_{4} (L= Yb, Lu, Gd, Eu) (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-10
    Description: Author(s): Oren Ofer, Jun Sugiyama, Jess H. Brewer, Eduardo J. Ansaldo, Martin Månsson, Kim H. Chow, Kazuya Kamazawa, Yoshihiro Doi, and Yukio Hinatsu We present muon-spin rotation/relaxation and susceptibility measurements on polycrystalline samples of Eu L 2 O 4 , where L is the lanthanide Yb, Lu, Gd, or Eu. The magnetic phase of these quasi-one-dimensional zigzag chain compounds is characterized with respect to the difference in their lanthanide mag... [Phys. Rev. B 84, 054428] Published Tue Aug 09, 2011
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Successive magnetic transitions and static magnetic order in RCoAsO (R=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) confirmed by muon-spin rotation and relaxation (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-17
    Description: Author(s): Jun Sugiyama, Martin Månsson, Oren Ofer, Kazuya Kamazawa, Masashi Harada, Daniel Andreica, Alex Amato, Jess H. Brewer, Eduardo J. Ansaldo, Hiroto Ohta, Chishiro Michioka, and Kazuyoshi Yoshimura [Phys. Rev. B 84, 184421] Published Wed Nov 16, 2011
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Magnetic and diffusive nature of LiFePO_{4} investigated by muon spin rotation and relaxation (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-10
    Description: Author(s): Jun Sugiyama, Hiroshi Nozaki, Masashi Harada, Kazuya Kamazawa, Oren Ofer, Martin Månsson, Jess H. Brewer, Eduardo J. Ansaldo, Kim H. Chow, Yutaka Ikedo, Yasuhiro Miyake, Kazuki Ohishi, Isao Watanabe, Genki Kobayashi, and Ryoji Kanno In order to elucidate the magnetism and Li diffusion in LiFePO 4 , we have measured muon-spin rotation and relaxation ( μ + SR) spectra for the polycrystalline LiFePO 4 sample in the temperature range between 1.8 and 500 K. Below T N ∼52 K, two oscillatory signals together with one fast relaxation signal we... [Phys. Rev. B 84, 054430] Published Tue Aug 09, 2011
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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