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  • Coleoptera  (133)
  • Springer  (133)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of feeding deterrents against argentine stem weevil from ryegrass infected with the endophyteAcremonium loliae (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 647-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Perennial ryegrass ; Lolium perenne ; Gramineae ; Argentine stem weevil ; Listronotus bonariensis ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Acremonium loliae ; Acremonium coenophialum ; endophyte ; bioassay ; induced resistance ; feeding deterrent ; peramine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Infection of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) by an endophytic fungus (Acremonium loliae) confers resistance against the Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis). Extracts from ryegrass clones, infected and uninfected withA. loliae, were compared in a feeding choice bioassay, and several fractions were identified which affected stem weevil feeding behavior. One stem weevil feeding deterrent, peramine C12H17N5O, has been isolated from infected ryegrass and partially characterized as a basic indole derivative. Extracts from culturedA. loliae had no effect on stem weevil feeding behavior nor was peramine detected in the fungal cultures examined. Peramine and the other active substances are hydrophilic in contrast to the lipophilic properties reported for the neurotoxic lolitrems also isolated from ryegrass infected withA. loliae and associated with causing ryegrass staggers disorder in livestock. It is suggested that ryegrass staggers and stem weevil feeding deterrency may arise by different biochemical mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012099
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of overwintering Colorado potato beetle in and near Massachusetts potato fields (1993)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 66 (1993), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; distribution ; diapause ; overwintering ; mortality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382289
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiology and costs of resistance to herbivory and disease in Brassica (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 231-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Leptosphaeria maculans ; Peronospora parasitica ; fungal pathogens ; Phyllotreta cruciferae ; flea beetles ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; Cruciferae ; chitinase ; myrosinase ; allocation costs ; plant defense mechanisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We used artificial selection experiments to study genetic allocation costs and physiological mechanisms of resistance to herbivory and fungal disease. Genetic costs to resistance were present in some instances and absent in others. Genetic resistance to the fungal pathogen, Leptosphaeria maculans was cost-free, while resistance to Peronospora parasitica showed a negative genetic correlation between disease resistance and growth rate. Leptosphaeria resistant genotypes had 13% higher chitinase activity. Genetic increases in myrosinase activity were correlated with increased resistance to flea beetles (Phyllotreta cruciferae), but resulted in lower plant fecundity, presumably due to production costs of myrosinase. Genetic costs of resistance may maintain genetic variation in natural plant populations. These studies demonstrate the predictive and explanatory power of a functional approach to plant-herbivore and plant-pathogen interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194764
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disrupting spring colonization of Colorado potato beetle to nonrotated potato fields (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 73 (1994), S. 39-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; distribution ; overwintering ; diapause ; cultural control ; trap cropping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Overwintering Colorado potato beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) were concentrated primarily within woody borders, and mortality was lower in borders than in potato fields. After overwintering, only 15–44% of live beetles were in the potato fields. In experiments with small plots, colonization of fields from woody borders was reduced ∼60% by a trap crop, either treated with adulticide or with beetles collected daily. Such trap crops, or simply pitfall traps to prevent colonization from woody borders, could significantly reduce early-season adult numbers and subsequent larval populations. However, success is dependent on the local densities of overwintered beetles, and the prevalence of arrestment behavior in the case of trap crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382512
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecdysteroids during pupal development of female Xyleborus ferrugineus (1981)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 151-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Xyleborus ferrugineus ; pupae ; ecdysteroids ; pharate adult ; radioimmunoassay ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Ecdysteroidtiter weiblicher Puppen von Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) wurde geschätzt, indem ganze Tiere homogenisiert und radioimmunologisch untersucht wurden. Ein ausgeprägtes Maximum an Ecdysteroiden wurde bei 36 Stunden Puppenent-wicklung beobachtet (743 pg/mg Körpergewicht). Der Titer nahm ab auf 299 pg/mg im Pharatstadium und auf 193 pg/mg unmittelbar vor Schlüpfen der Adulten. Qualitative Studien mit HPLC ergaben in frischen Puppen ein Verhältnis von 3:1 Ecdyson zu 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Pharatstadien enthielten vor allem 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Das beobachtete einzige Maximum im Titer stimmt überein mit den Resultaten bei andern untersuchten Coleopteren.
    Notes: Abstract Ecdysteroid titers were estimated on the whole body homogenates of Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) female pupae during development by radioimmunoassay. A distinct peak of ecdysteroids was observed at 36-hr pupal development (743 pg/mg body wt). Titer declined to 299 pg/mg by the pharate adult stage and to 193 pg/mg body wt just before adult emergence. Qualitative studies by HPLC revealed a ratio of 3:1 ecdysone to 20-hydroxyecdysone in the initial pupal stage. Pharate adults had mainly 20-hydroxyecdysone. The observed single peak in ecdysteroid titer agrees with findings in other studied coleopteran species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300880
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding by adult sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus, on sweet potato leaves (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 48 (1988), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: sweet potato weevil ; Cylas formicarius elegantulus ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; sweet potato ; Ipomoea batatas ; feeding ; host-plant preference ; leaf surface chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude a porté sur la consommation pendant 12 h, en boîtes de Pétri de diamètre 9 cm, de rondelles de 2 cm de diamètre de feuilles de 4 cultivars,—Centennial, Jewel, Resisto, Regal—, d'I. batatas par C. formicarius elegantulus. Les charançons ont consommé le long des nervures, préférant la face inférieure à la face supérieure des feuilles. Un index de consommation a été calculé en fonction de la longueur de nervure ayant servi à la consommation, rapportée à la longueur totale des nervures de la surface exposée. Les niveaux de consommation des mâles et des femelles étaient semblables. En présence de choix binaires, le cultivar Centennial a été le plus consommé, et le cultivar Resisto, le moins, par les femelles. De telles préférences n'ont pas été observées en l'absence de choix. La composition chimique de la surface de la feuille a été analysée par chromatographie en phase gazeuse. 8 pics principaux identiques ont été observés chez les 4 cultivars, mais ils avaient différentes hauteurs.
    Notes: Abstract A bioassay was developed to quantify the feeding of adult sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) on the foliage of four cultivars (Centennial, Jewel, Resisto and Regal) of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) (Convolvulaceae). Weevils fed along the leaf veins, preferring the lower to the upper leaf surface. Males and females had similar levels of feeding. Different levels of feeding by female weevils were observed between cultivars in dual-choice bioassays with Centennial, a susceptible cultivar in field-plot experiments, being most preferred and Resisto least preferred. However, these feeding differences were not observed in no-choice bioassays. Little difference was observed in the leaf surface chemistry of the four cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185628
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggregation pheromone of square-necked grain beetle,Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.) (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 2169-2184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.) ; square-necked grain beetle ; Coleoptera ; Cucujidae ; aggregation pheromone ; (3R,6E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-yl acetate ; (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-one ; (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-ol ; (6E)-7-methyl-3-propyl-2,6-nonadienyl acetate ; 1-octen-3-ol ; repellent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract When feeding on rolled oats, male square-necked grain beetles,Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.), produced the aggregation pheromone (3R,6E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-yl acetate, for which the trival name “quadrilure” is proposed. The pheromone was highly attractive to both sexes in a two-choice, pitfall olfactometer modified to retain responding beetles by placing a food stimulus (an oat flake) in the glass vials containing the experimental and control stimuli. TheS enantiomer of the pheromone was inactive. Males also produced small amounts of (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-one, (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-ol, and (6E)-7-methyl-3-propyl-2,6-nonadienyl acetate, but these compounds were inactive in the laboratory bioassay. Segregated males and females both produced (R)-(−)-1-octen-3-ol, which by itself was repellent to both sexes but did not diminish beetle response to the aggregation pheromone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014023
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographic Variation in Response of Pine Engraver, Ips pini, and Associated Species to Pheromone, Lanierone (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 2013-2031 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Ips pini ; Ips integer ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; aggregation pheromone ; lanierone ; ipsdienol ; geographic variation ; synergism ; Enoclerus lecontei ; Cleridae ; kairomone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Lanierone strongly synergized the attraction of male and female Ips pini (Say) to ipsdienol in New York and Wisconsin. Synergy was only weakly significant in Montana and British Columbia and not significant in California. Catches of I. pini in ipsdienol-baited traps were increased 0% ( i.e., nonsignificant) to 9942% by lanierone, with the highest increases in eastern North America. Lanierone had the least effect in California. The effects of lanierone on sex ratios of I. pini in trap catches varied significantly between regions. The addition of lanierone to ipsdienol-baited traps resulted in a general increase in male representation at nine of 12 sites. Ips integer (Eichhoff) was attracted to lanierone alone. Ipsdienol reduced the response of I. integer to lanierone. Enoclerus lecontei (Wolcott) (Cleridae) preferred traps baited with the combination of ipsdienol and lanierone. (R)-(–)-Ipsdienol was attractive to E. sphegeus (F.), Thanasimus undatulus (Say) (Cleridae), and Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim) (Trogositidae), while racemic ipsdienol was attractive to E. nigrifrons var. gerhardi Wolc. and Thanasimus dubius (F.). Lanierone had no effect on these species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006486.39056.48
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defensive adaptations of eggs and adults ofGastrophysa cyanea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 453-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Defensive secretions ; oleic acid ; hydrocarbons ; terpenoids ; eggs ; deterrents ; ants ; predation ; Chrysomelidae ; Coleoptera ; Gastrophysa cyanea ; reflex bleeding ; elytral glands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Egg clusters and adults ofGastrophysa cyanea are conspicuous and, like their larvae, are chemically protected. The eggs owe their bright yellow color primarily to β-carotene and, in addition, contain substantial quantities of oleic acid. At natural concentrations oleic acid effectively deters many species of ants from feeding. The use of fatty acids as deterrents against ants is discussed as a possible widespread phenomenon among insects. During defensive confrontations, adults ofG. cyanea exhibit avoidance behavior and may also feign death. In addition, the adults may autohemmorhage or secrete a fluid from elytral or pronotal pores in response to traumatic stimuli. The secretions are effective against ants and contain a mixture of hydrocarbons as well as terpenoid components. The pattern of ontogenetic modification in the defensive chemical repertoire ofG. cyanea is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987793
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aggregation pheromones inDryocoetes affaber (Mann.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae): stereoisomerism and species specificity (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 111-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Semiochemicals pheromones ; Dryocoetes affaber ; Dryocoetes confusus ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; enantiomers ; diastereoisomers ; exo-brevicomin ; endo-brevicomin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Chemical analysis of whole body extracts and volatiles produced by feeding malesDryocoetes affaber (Mann.) disclosed (+)-exo-brevicomin and (+)-endo-brevicomin [(+)EXOB and (+)ENDOB], as the major insect-produced potential pheromones. Laboratory bioassays and field-trapping experiments demonstrated that (+)ENDOB is the main pheromone component, and (-)ENDOB has an inhibiting effect. EXOB either as (+) or (±) appears to be a multifunctional pheromone. It has a synergistic effect in blends of EXOB and ENDOB in ratios up to 1:1, and it is inhibitory at higher ratios. (-)EXOB was inactive. The most attractive blend forD. affaber was a 1:2 blend of (+)EXOB and (+)ENDOB. When this blend was compared with a 9:1 blend, the best known blend forDryocoetes confusus Swaine, the responses by beetles of each of the two species were highly specific, providing evidence for pheromonal exclusion between the two congenerics. We conclude that the combined effect of chirality and the ratio of geometrical isomers of brevicomin determines both the level of response and the species-specificity of the chemical signal inD. affaber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02065994
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