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  • Chemistry  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Intrinsic temperature dependencies of 13C NMR shifts in alkanes bearing one polar C-α—X bond are determined with neopentyl and 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl derivatives as conformationally homogeneous model compounds. The increased shiedling for C-α at higher temperatures can be related to a C-α - X bond length increase and, for less polarizable C—X bonds, essentially to a decrease of solvent polarity on raising the temperature. The use of temperature dependent 13C shifts in conformationally mixed compounds for the determination of the equilibrium constants, K, is evaluated with n-propyl halides; the computer fit of the unknown conformer shifts and the conformational enthalphy difference, δH° to the time averaged shifts yields δH° values which, although converging rather broadly, are in general agreement with literature data. In compounds with higher conformational barriers, such as methoxy- and bromocyclohexane, low temperature signal integration yields accurate δG° values; inclusion of shifts above coalescence, however, yields unreliable δH° and δS° parameters. This can only partially be remedied by application of temperature shift corrections obtained from parent t-butylcyclohexyl compounds.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 321-326 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: NMR shielding mechanisms ; Steric effects ; Hybridization ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 13C- und 1H-NMR-Abschirmungseffekte in aliphatischen gauche/trans-FragmentenAuf der Basis von verbesserten rechnerischen Modellen, von neuen NMR-Messungen an Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan- und an Cyclohexanverbindungen sowie von Literaturdaten wird gezeigt, daß klassische Mechanismen von sterisch induzierten Ladungspolarisierungen, von linearen elektrischen Feldeffekten und Anisotropieeffekten zahlreiche Unterschiede bei Substituenteneffekten erklären. Die Rolle sterischer Geometriestörungen auf α- und β-Effekte wird diskutiert; die durch Einführung von α-Methyl-substituenten induzierten Bindungswinkeländerungen an C-α und die daraus berechneten Hybridisierungsdifferenzen lassen sich sowohl mit den sehr unterschiedlichen Cα-Me-Substituenteneffekten wie auch mit den entsprechenden Differenzen zwischen äquatorialen und axialen Susbtituenten korrelieren.
    Notes: On the basis of improved calculation models, of new NMR measurements with bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl and cyclohexyl compounds, and of literature data it is shown that classical mechanisms of sterically induced charge polarizations, of linear electric field, and of anisotropy effects can account for many substituent-induced shielding (SIS) differences. The rǒle of steric distortions on α-and β-SIS is discussed; bond angle variations generated by a methyl group introduction at C-α and subsequent hybridization changes are correlated with Cα-Me SIS values as well as with the eq/ax shielding in cyclohexanes.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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