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  • 1
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Luminometer ; evaluation ; rapid microbiology ; ATP assay ; firefly luciferase ; photometer ; radiometer ; comparison ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An assessment has been carried out of the relative performance of ten instruments for quantification of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the firefly luciferase assay. The instruments evaluated were Amersham Amerlite Analyser, Dynatech Tube Luminometer, Dynatech Multiplate Luminometer, Dynatech Camera Luminometer, Hamilton Lumicon, LKB 1250 Luminometer, LKB 1251 Luminometer, Lumac Biocounter M2010A, Turner 20 TD Luminometer and a prototype version of the CLEAR Speed Tech 2000. An 800-fold difference in sensitivity was found between the most sensitive (Lumac, Turner) and the least sensitive (Dynatech Tube) of the conventional instruments. The Dynatech Camera Luminometer which worked on a completely different principle to the other instruments was about 5000 times less sensitive than the best of the photomultiplier tube instruments. The relative sensitivity of the instruments was maintained regardless of whether solutions of ATP in water or trichloroacetic acid extracts of bacteria were analysed. An analysis of 960 ATP bioluminescence assays showed that data obtained from such measurements are normally distributed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The data obtained with 252Cf plasma desorption (PD) and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of eight tri-, tetra- and pentapeptides were compared. Good spectra were obtained with 1-10 nmol of peptide. In both techniques molecular weight information was obtained. The PD mass spectra are often dominated by the cationized molecular ions in contrast to the fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra, where cationization is rarely observed. Amino acid content is reflected in the immonium ions equally well in both techniques. The fragmentation patterns observed with the two techniques are almost identical. However, practical sequencing of peptides based on either FAB or PD mass spectrometry of underivatized peptides alone is difficult. This is due to the unpredictable and sometimes absent cleavage yield at certain peptide bonds. Another difficulty is the many simultaneous fragmentation pathways. However, for many peptides enough information is present to allow sequence determination for at least a major part of the molecule.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 781-789 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental measurements are reported of oil-water flows in a 20 cm ID pipe at mean velocities between 2.7 and 35 cm/s, at deviation angles θ from vertical between 0 and 65°, and at water flow rate fractions between 30 and 100%. The distribution of the water volume fraction αw across a pipe section is obtained using local high-frequency probes. The mean water volume fraction in the section and the slip velocity Vs between oil and water are also determined. High Vs values (up to 50 cm/s) are measured at large deviation angles; they are associated with oil droplet swarms or continuous oil phase zones. Both αw profiles and Vs values depend only on the mean water volume fraction and not on the total flow rate Qt in the range investigated. At low oil volume fractions αo, all droplets are concentrated close to the upper side of the pipe. At larger αo values, a slower linear variation of αw with the distance y from the axis is measured. A model is suggested relating the slope ∂αw/∂y in a vertical plane to the existence of internal density waves in the stratified mixture.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 3 (1985), S. 235-253 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Aldosterone ; adrenal cortex ; zona glomerulosa ; in vitro incubation ; steroid hormones ; secretion ; tissue preparation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The study of the control of aldosterone synthesis and secretion by the rat adrenal gland has over the past thirty years involved the application of many different in vivo and in vitro techniques. In this review the relationship between the data that each of these methods has produced is compared. There are striking differences in overall steroid production rates, and in the qualitative nature of the steroid profile which the various methods produce. In particular, aldosterone is secreted at higher rates in vivo, and when whole tissue preparations are used in vitro, than in incubations of isolated glomerulosa cells. In addition, while corticosterone is a major product of glomerulosa tissue in vitro, the available evidence suggests that it is not a major glomerulosa product in vivo.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 4 (1986), S. 283-288 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Chromatin ; phospholipid synthesis ; rat hepatocytes ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Nuclear, chromatin and microsomal fractions were isolated from hepatocytes prepared from rats injected with [32P] O42- and killed subsequently at times between 1 and 48 h. Specific activities of the total phospholipids (PL) were determined for each subcellular fraction. The major points noted were (a) the initial specific activity of the chromatin PL was half that of both nuclear and microsomal PL at 1 h; (b) the first peak of labelling occurred at 6 h in both nuclear and microsomal PL, but was 3 h later (9h) in the chromatin PL; and (c) a second peak of labelling occurred in the chromatin and microsomal PL, but not in those of the nuclei.On fractionation of the PL, the major and most metabolically active components were phosphatidylcholine + phosphatidylethanolamine, whilst sphingomyelin accounted for only about 8 per cent of the total PL. The chromatin and microsomal fractions were somewhat similar in their labelling patterns though with a delayed peaking of activity in the chromatin. This is indicative of a synthesis and transport of PL from the microsomes to the chromatin.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 3057-3060 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 837-858 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An extensive study on the turbulent drag reduction caused by the various mixtures of polyacrylamide, purified guargum, xanthangum, and their graft copolymers has been conducted at low concentrations and Re = 14,000 using a turbulent flow rheometer. It has been found in most of the cases that the drag reduction caused by mixtures shows a positive deviation from the linearly additive straight line. This effect is more prominent when the drag reduction caused by both the constituents differ appreciably. In most of the cases, the drag reduction caused by the mixtures is higher than the DR caused by either of the constituent polymers; however, the drag reduction caused by the mixture is less than the sum of the drag reduction caused by both the constituents at their respective concentration in the mixture. It has also been noticed that there is no evidence of synergism in these mixtures at low concentrations.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 1433-1441 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Telechelic prepolymers of butadiene with aliphatic isocyanate end-groups were prepared by the solution polymerization of butadiene under free radical initiation. 4,4′-Azobis (4-cyanopentanoyl azide) was used as the initiator. Liquid prepolymers were obtained with molecular weights of 1450 to 6000 and functionalities 1.9 to 2.2. The prepolymers were characterized by their number-average molecular weight, isocyanate content, functionality, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and microstructure. The storage stability of the prepolymers was checked and they were found to be quite stable under ambient conditions. Isocyanate-terminated polybutadienes were reacted with N,N-dimethylamino ethanol and t-butyl hydroperoxide to obtain useful dimethylamino-terminated and peroxycarbamate-terminated prepolymers, respectively.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 953-958 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The urines of children with neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and Zellweger syndrome contained an excess of unusual even- and odd-numbered dicarboxylic acids with a chain length of from 5 to 15 carbon atoms, as well as 2-hydroxy-compounds, including 2-hydroxy-isocaproate, 2-hydroxy-glutarate and 2-hydroxy-sebacate. The latter product, not previously found in metabolic diseases, appears as an additional useful marker of these peroxisomal disorders.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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