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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 624-624 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 2 (1972), S. 169-182 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Raman spectrum of liquid and solid polycrystalline P2Cl4 has been recorded from 30 to 700 cm−1. The far infrared spectrum of the solid has also been reinvestigated. From these data, it is necessary to reassign the P-P stretch (a g), the PC12 rock (a u) and the PCl wag (b u). Three lattice modes were observed in the Raman spectrum whereas none was found in the infrared spectrum. No correlation field splitting was observed for any of the intramolecular fundamentals. Although the vibrational data for the crystalline state is best interpreted in terms of atrans (C 2h, ≡ 2/m) conformation, there is some evidence that another form may be present, in small amounts, in the fluid states. Furthermore, no evidence for the torsional mode, previously assigned at 91 cm−1, has been found and calculations have been made which indicate that such a frequency would lead to an un-acceptably high barrier to internal rotation of the asymmetric PC12 rotor.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 174 (1994), S. 103-110 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Middle ear ; Auditory development ; Mouse ; Laser interferometry ; Umbo velocity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Laser interferometry was used to measure umbo velocity in the developing BALB/c mouse middle ear at 133 pure-tone frequencies between 2.0 kHz and 40.0 kHz, all at a constant 100 dB sound pressure level. Umbo velocities increased with age across the entire frequency range, and reached adult-like levels by about 19 days between 2.0 and 22.0 kHz. Velocities at 28.0 and 34.0 kHz took 27 and 52 days respectively to reach adult-like levels. A simple middle-ear model utilizing compliance, resistance, and inertia elements matched the general trends of our velocity results and provided an indication of the anatomical basis for the growth in umbo velocity. The model suggested that velocity development at the lowest frequencies may be attributed to increases in tympanic membrane compliance. The model also indicated that both the frictional resistance of the middle ear and the inertia of the tympanic membrane and ossicles decreased during the growth period. At frequencies below 20.0 kHz, age-related increases in umbo velocity coincided with improvements in Nj1 thresholds recorded from the round window and evoked potential thresholds obtained from the cochlear nucleus. These results indicated that the functional development of the middle-ear plays a major role in the development of hearing in the mouse.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 176 (1995), S. 727-735 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Chicks ; Auditory threshold shift ; Basilar papilla ; Water jet ; Hair cell micromechanics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 1. The in vitro effect of intense stimulation on the micromechanical stiffness of hair cell sensory hair bundles was studied at three locations on the chick basilar papilla. Threshold levels of hair bundle motion, produced by a water jet stimulus, were examined before and after exposure to a 300 Hz water jet stimulus set at 25 dB above the pre-exposure threshold level. 2. Threshold levels of motion were systematically examined in 8 unexposed control cells. The level of water jet stimulus needed to achieve the detection threshold of motion remained constant in these cells when periodically tested over a 36.5-min interval. 3. Post-exposure changes in the motion detection threshold of hair bundles were examined in 82 hair bundles, and a number of effects were identified: 2.4% of the hair bundles showed no threshold change; 31.7% of the hair bundles had threshold shifts which indicated an increase in stiffness; 18.3% exhibited a threshold shift that indicated a decrease in hair bundle stiffness, but with no recovery; and 47.6% had thresholds that indicated a decrease in hair bundle stiffness with recovery to pre-exposure levels within 16–18 min. 4. The results suggest that chick hair bundles exhibit complex and varied responses to overstimulation which are very different from that seen in the mammal.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 12 (1995), S. 145-153 
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: Redundant robot ; critical manipulation ; backbone curve ; end-point deflection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The redundant robots analyzed here have large numbers of degrees of freedom. Such robots are analogous to snake or tentacles and are useful for operation in highly constrained environments and novel forms of locomotion — here it has been defined as critical manipulation. In this paper the end-point deflection of hyper-redundant robots have been studied by parameterization of the flexible links of the robot manipulator. A number of planar configurations of the redundant manipulator were taken into consideration for the present study and the configuration which gives minimum end-point deflection has been recommended for the critical manipulation. This work is significant for some of the research activities recently going on in NASA's Kennedy Space Center towards the application of hyper-redundant robots for manipulation inside the space Shuttle Cargo Bay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 25 (1987), S. 372-378 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Penicillin acylase genes from Escherichia coli 194, of an overproducing mutant (194-3) of this strain, and of a similar overproducing mutant of Bacillus megaterium UN1 were cloned in E. coli DH1 on the plasmid vector pACYC184. The sizes of chromosomal DNA fragments essential for penicillin acylase production were found by Tn1000 mutagenesis and in vitro deletions to be between 2.2 and 2.5 kb in the case of both E. coli genes and between 2.3 and 2.7 kb in the case of the mutant Bacillus gene. Restriction mapping indicated substantial sequence differences between the E. coli and B. megaterium penicillin acylase genes. Enzyme production in E. coli recombinants from both overproducing mutants was found to be constitutive and higher than in the original strains. The Bacillus penicillin acylase was produced intracellularly in E. coli recombinants, which is in contrast to the normal extracellular production of this enzyme in B. megaterium. Recombinant plasmids containing penicillin acylase genes from either source were found to be unstable in the absence of selection pressure for retention of the vector.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 105-105 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propranolol ; practolol ; betaxolol ; hypoglycaemia ; free fatty acids ; glycerol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Six healthy male volunteers received equivalent intravenous beta-blocking doses of propranolol, practolol and betaxolol (SL75212) or saline at weekly intervals Sixty minutes later 0.1 unit/kg insulin was given intravenously. 2. In all studies, maximum hypoglycaemia (mean 1.2 mmol/l) was reached thirty minutes after insulin. Recovery from hypoglycaemia was delayed with propranolol but practolol and betaxolol had no effect. 3. Propranolol blocked the tachycardia and widening of pulse pressure seen in saline treated subjects. It also blocked the rebound rise in free fatty acids (FFA) and glycerol concentrations that followed the nadir of hypoglycaemia. 4. Neither practolol nor betaxolol had significant effects on pulse rate or blood pressure but betaxolol resembled propranolol in blocking the rebound rise in FFA and glycerol, while practolol blocked the rise in glycerol alone. 5. The magnitude of the rise in growth hormone following hypoglycaemia was similar in all groups, but the peak was earlier after practolol and betaxolol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 30 (1995), S. 199-210 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A deep “parent” composition for bonanza oreforming fluids at the Sleeper deposit was calculated by the computer program SOLVEQ using fluid-inclusion microthermometric and gas data, and by assuming equilibrium with the following minerals present in vein samples below the bonanza zones: gold, chalcedony, adularia, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and acanthite. The calculated dissolved gold content of 295 ppb is approximately 2 orders of magnitude higher than that assumed for typical geothermal systems. Thus, a gold-enriched fluid appears to have been a principal factor in the genesis of bonanza Au-Ag ores at the Sleeper deposit. Geochemical modelling of possible ore-forming processes using the computer program CHILLER, with the reconstructed ore-forming solution as a starting composition, indicates that boiling most closely reproduces observed minerals and their relative abundances in bonanza ores. The constraint imposed by the association of amorphous silica with gold precludes all of the mixing scenarios modelled, such as mixing with cold and steam-heated groundwaters (acid-sulfate, CO2-rich). Modelling indicates that boiling of a gold-rich deep solution leads to rapid gold precipitation, and that the amount of gold precipitated initially is large relative to other minerals. These factors apparently led to nucleation of colloidal gold particles instead of in-situ gold deposition or coprecipitation with other phases. Gold colloids apparently were entrained in the upward-flowing hydrothermal solutions and grew as they travelled. Upon reaching a critical size (10–100 nm?), they were deposited due to orthokinetic aggregation at an elevation and temperature at which amorphous silica was nucleating and aggregating.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Results are presented of a study of the splat-quench solidification of small, freely falling liquid drops of the alloy Nitronic 40W, which were allowed to impact on a solid, planar, horizontal substrate. The principal variable was the substrate material, with substrates of copper, alumina and fused quartz being used. The shapes of the solidified splats were correlated with a simplified model for the energetics of the splatting process and with the thermal conductivity of the substrate. The measured results are qualitatively in agreement with theoretical predictions, and suggestions are offered for a more comprehensive model of splat-quench solidification. A relationship between sessile droplet diameter and parent wire diameter is also presented and discussed.
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