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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass transport modelling to assess contamination of a water supply well in Sabarmati river bed aquifer, Ahmedabad City, India (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 893-900 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Flow model ; Mass transport ; Pathlines ; Groundwater velocity ; Sabarmati river ; French collector well ; Dry river bed ; Tracer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Drinking water supply wells were constructed in the Sabarmati river bed aquifer of Ahmedabad city using radial pipes and are known as French Collector wells. Contamination of groundwater from one of the French wells near Sabarmati railway bridge was noticed in 1992. The suspected pollution sources are Duff-nala of Shahibaug and two other sources from slum dwellings on either side of Sabarmati river. A combined groundwater flow, pathlines and a mass transport model was constructed covering an area of 9 km2 to analyse the capture zone of the French well under two different scenarios. Aquifer parameters of the river bed aquifer were available. Dry river bed condition was simulated under scenario I and controlled flow in the river bed was simulated under scenario II. The groundwater velocity and migration of contaminant particles from sources was analysed in the pathline model. Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration contours originating from sources in the mass transport model (MT3D) were computed by solving an advection-dispersion equation. The computed pathlines and TDS concentration contours indicate likely migration of contaminant plume from pollutant sources to the French well during 365 days under two scenarios. The model results confirm the tracer injection studies carried out to know the likely migration of contaminants towards the French well. The modelling study emphasised the necessity of controlled release of surface water in Sabarmati river bed from Dharoi reservoir throughout the year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002549900037
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas spp. on pathogenic fungi and enhancement of growth of green gram (Vigna radiata) (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 29 (1999), S. 62-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Pseudomonas spp. ; Vigna radiata ; Rhizosphere ; Antifungal activity ; Dinitrogen fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Pseudomonas species were isolated from the rhizosphere of green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] and some of the rhizobacterial isolates were found to have a wide range of antifungal activity inhibiting growth of the phytopathogenic fungi Aspergillus sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani in culture. These isolates also showed slight inhibition of the growth of a Bradyrhizobium strain (Vigna) in a spot test which was mainly a result of nutrient competition as culture supernatants of the Pseudomonas isolates did not inhibit the growth of bradyrhizobia but inhibited the growth of fungi. The rhizobacterial isolates produced siderophores in Fe-deficient succinate medium. However, the inhibition of fungal growth by different Pseudomonas isolates in Luria Bertani and King's medium B which were not limiting in Fe3+ ions suggested that, besides siderophores, other antifungal compounds (antibiotics) produced by these rhizobacteria were involved in antagonism. On coinoculation of green gram with Pseudomonas strains MRS13 and MRS16 and Bradyrhizobium sp. (Vigna) strain S24, there was a significant increase in nodule weight, plant dry weight and total plant N as compared to inoculation with Bradyrhizobium strain S24 alone, suggesting that the nodule-promoting effects of Pseudomonas sp. lead to an increase in symbiotic N fixation and plant growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050525
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclosporin: Pharmacokinetics and detailed studies of plasma and erythrocyte binding during intravenous and oral administration (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 451-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cyclosporin ; pharmacokinetics ; infusions ; binding ; lipids ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary On the basis that unbound concentration better correlates with response than total plasma or blood concentration, the inter- and intra-subject variability in the distribution of cyclosporin within blood and to plasma components was studied in renal transplant patients. Pharmacokinetic aspects were also studied. Blood samples were analysed from patients who received the drug both by a 72-h i.v. infusion and orally (7 mg·kg−1 twice daily). Steady-state was reached within 18 h of starting the i.v. infusion; the plasma data were best fitted by a biexponential equation with half-times of 0.13–1.02 h and 4.3–13.9 h, associated with the two phases. The mean plasma clearance was 700 ml/min. Concentrations during the infusions measured by RIA and HPLC were comparable. Oral profiles showed rapid and extensive absorption. The peak plasma concentrations were 1460–1880 µg·l−1 and occurred 2–4 h after dosing, with bioavailability estimates of 41–113%. Concentrations measured by RIA were higher than by HPLC. Blood-to-plasma concentration ratio measurements of cyclosporin at 37°C decreased with increasing plasma concentration and increased with haematocrit. Fraction unbound, measured by ultracentrifugation, was in the range 0.042–0.122 with an average of 0.068, and varied little in some patients but showed systematic changes with time in others. Cyclosporin binding was found to be related not only to the triglyceride but, more particularly, to the cholesterol-related lipoproteins in plasma. Monitoring cholesterol may be helpful in identifying patients with extremes in binding or with widely varying binding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046701
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexamethasone in depressed patients (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 51-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Dexamethasone ; Depression ; cortisol ; suppressor ; nonsuppressor ; effect site ; pharmacokineticpharmacodynamic model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in time course effected by cortisol suppression and the relationship of these changes to the plasma dexamethasone concentration of suppressor and non-suppressor patients are described in this report on a combined pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. Thirteen depressed patients (8 suppressors and 5 non-suppressors) received an intravenous dose (1.5 mg) of dexamethasone. The drug-induced effect changes are found to lag behind, in time, the plasma drug level changes. To accurately relate the temporal relationship of effect changes to plasma dexamethasone levels, a pharmacodynamic model (sigmoid-Emax) was combined with a pharmacokinetic model that incorporated an effect compartment. The magnitude of the time-lag was quantified by the half-time of equilibration between concentrations in the hypothetical effect compartment and the plasma dexamethasone levels (t½keo). The t½keo of the nonsuppressing group was about 50 of that of the suppressing group, indicating that for a given plasma level the onset and termination of effect for the nonsuppressing group is about two times more rapid than for the suppressing group. Moreover, the model can estimate the effect-site concentration that causes one-half of the maximal predicted effect (EC50), a measure of an individual's sensitivity to dexamethasone. The receptor sensitivity (as determined from the EC50 ratio) of the suppressing group was about twice that of the nonsuppressing group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02280754
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between burrowing capability and AChE activity in the earthworm,Pheretima posthuma, on exposure to carbaryl (1991)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 46 (1991), S. 859-865 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01689730
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical absorption and thermoluminescence of LiF single crystals irradiated with X rays in strong electric fields (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1986), S. 792-794 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01730094
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the effect of rare earth doping on the electrical and photovoltaic properties of chromotrope 2R thin film devices (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 91-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Praseodymium (Pr) doped and Samarium (Sm) doped chromotrope 2R (CHR) were used for the fabrication of Schottky devices, by the spin coating technique. The diode in which doped CHR behaves as an n-type organic semiconductor exhibits rectification behaviour in the dark. Doping with rare earths imparts an accelerated improvement in the n-type conductivity as well as in the rectification effect. The observed rectification effects are explained by n-type semiconductivity of the doped CHR thin films. The formation of a blocking contact (Schottky barrier) indium tin oxide with (ITO) electrode and an ohmic contact with Al or ln, also confirms its n-type behaviour. The position of the Fermi level shifts toward the conduction band edge on rare earth doping. Additionally, the concentration of free carriers and mobility of electrons also increase upon doping, with the simultaneous decrease in trap concentration. Various electrical parameters such as barrier height (φb), density of ionized donor (Ns) and depletion layer width (W) were calculated from the detail capacitance–voltage analysis of (C–V) characteristics. The photo-action spectra of the devices and absorption spectra of doped CHR layer reveal the formation of a Schottky barrier at the ITO-doped CHR interface and an Ohmic contact at the Al-doped CHR interface. Photovoltaic measurements of these devices provide parameters such as short circuit photocurrent (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (η). The effect of rare earth doping on the electrical and photovoltaic parameters are discussed in detail. © 1998 Chapman & Hall
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008849120080
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on some physico-chemical aspects of lead vanadate apatite (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1986), S. 323-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01748092
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of X-ray orγ-ray irradiation on the dielectric properties of calcium tartrate single crystals (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1987), S. 4-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01729409
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge transport mechanism and photovoltaic behaviour of undoped and I2 doped tris (1,10 phenanthroline) iron (II) complex (TPFe) thin film devices (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Tris (1,10 phenanthroline) iron (II) or Fe (Phen)2+ 3, a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) type complex (TPFe), was employed in the form of thin films, for the fabrication of Schottky diodes, Al/ TPFe/ITO, where ITO is indium tin oxide. The effect of iodine doping on the electrical behaviour has been emphasized. The diodes exhibit a rectification effect which improves on iodine doping. The diodes can be classified as MIS Schottky diodes with a graded dopant profile. The current-voltage (J-V ), and capacitance-voltage (C-V ) characteristics, the photoaction spectra of the devices and the absorption spectra of the complex, reveal that both doped and undoped complexes behave as a p-type organic semiconductor which form a Schottky barrier with Al and an ohmic contact with ITO. Various electrical and photovoltaic parameters were determined from the detailed analysis of J-V and C-V characteristics and these are discussed in detail. The effect of I_2 doping on the rectification and photovoltaic properties is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008922732032
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