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  • Springer  (102)
  • PANGAEA  (22)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of cimetidine and its sulphoxide metabolite during haemodialysis (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 21 (1982), S. 325-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; renal failure ; cimetidine sulphoxide ; pharmacokinetics ; haemodialysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A single intravenous dose of cimetidine 200mg was administered to 6 patients with severe chronic renal failure one hour prior to haemodialysis. The plasma concentrations of cimetidine and its sulphoxide metabolite at the start of haemodialysis were 2.74±0.12 and 0.76±0.08 µg/ml, and after dialysis for 4h 1.08±0.10 and 0.51±0.08 µg/ml, respectively (mean ± SE). The average haemodialysis clearance (ClHDa) of cimetidine during dialysis was 46–92ml/min at a dialysate flow rate of 320ml/min and blood flow rates in the 6 patients between 160–240ml/min. The mean ClHDa of the sulphoxide metabolite was 44% higher than that of cimetidine, and ranged between 49–148ml/min. During haemodialysis the mean plasma elimination half-life (t1/2) of cimetidine was 3.24h (range 2.08–5.08) and of the sulphoxide metabolite 9.49h (range 4.70–14.39). There was a significant relationship between the elimination rate constant (β) and ClHDa of the sulphoxide metabolite (p〈0.01), but no such relationship was found between β and ClHDa of cimetidine. However, there was a tendency to a relationship between β of cimetidine and the capacity to metabolise the drug, expressed as the ratio between the plasma concentrations of the sulphoxide metabolite and cimetidine after dialysis for 4h. These ratios ranged between 0.23–0.76, and the lowest ratio was seen in the patient with the lowest β value of cimetidine. Thus, the large variations in the plained by differences in their capacity to metabolise the drug. The mean total amount of cimetidine eliminated during dialysis was 27.3mg (range 17.9–31.8), which was 9.0–15.9% of the given dose. Between 12.2–21.2mg (mean 15.3) of the sulphoxide metabolite was eliminated in the dialysate. Major adjustment of the dose of cimetidine on days of dialysis is not necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637621
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of glomerular filtration, renal blood flow and salt-water handling to acute cardioselective and non-selective β-adrenoceptor blockade in essential hypertension (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 343-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoprolol ; pindolol ; renal haemodynamics ; salt-water handling ; hypertension ; beta-adrenoceptor blockade ; ISA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects on renal hemodynamics and salt-water handling of equipotent doses of the cardioselective β-blocker metoprolol (M, 100 mg) and of the non-selective (intrinsic sympathetic activity) β-antagonist pindolol (P, 10 mg) were compared in 30 WHO Grade 1–2 hypertensive men. M lowered pulse rate more than P. Systolic pressure was equally reduced by both agents, and diastolic and mean pressures were decreased only after P. Glomerular filtration rate was not significantly altered by either antagonist, and renal blood flow decreased by approximately 11% both after M and P. Renal vascular resistance was unchanged after P, and was increased by 10% after M. It is concluded that, like the effects on central haemodynamics, ISA is more important in the renal response to β-adrenoceptor blockade than is β-receptor selectivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558292
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Formulation Studies, II. Effects of Oxygen, Visible Light, and Phosphate on Methionine Oxidation in Aqueous Solution and Evaluation of Possible Mechanisms (1996)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 13 (1996), S. 1476-1481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: sulfur ; protein ; oxidation ; chemometrics ; phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. The oxidation of methionine in human Insulin-like Growth Factor I (hIGF-I) in aqueous solution was studied with respect to oxygen, visible light and sodium phosphate. Methods. Aqueous solutions of hIGF-I were prepared with different amounts of phosphate and dissolved oxygen. The solutions were stored either in darkness or exposed to artificial visible light. The oxidized hIGF-I was quantified by RP-HPLC. A two level full factorial experimental design, with two levels of each of the three factors studied, was used. Results. Oxidation was found to be positively correlated with light, oxygen content and, interestingly, phosphate. The increasing effect of phosphate on the oxidation appears not to originate from metal contaminants. The influence of both oxygen and phosphate increased with time. The pH dependence of oxidation indicated the formation of a phosphorylated sulfonium ion as an oxidation intermediate. A significant interaction effect between phosphate and visible light suggested participation of radicals. Conclusions. Factorial experiments provide a valuable tool when studying complex mechanisms with interacting factors. The oxidation of methionine in hIGF-I is significantly affected by light but also by the presence of phosphate buffer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016015226211
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I in Formulation Studies: Kinetics of Methionine Oxidation in Aqueous Solution and in Solid State (1996)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 13 (1996), S. 1252-1257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: hIGF-I ; oxidation ; methionine ; HPLC ; kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. The aim of this work was to study the kinetics of oxidation of methionine in human Insulin-like Growth Factor I (hIGF-I)1 in aqueous solution and in the solid state by the aid of quantification of oxygen. Methods. The oxidized form of hIGF-I was characterized by tryptic peptide analysis, RP-HPLC and FAB-MS and quantified by RP-HPLC. The oxygen content was quantified polarographically by a Clark-type electrode. Results. Second-order kinetics with respect to amount of protein and dissolved oxygen was found to be appropriate for the oxidation of methionine in hIGF-I. The rate constants ranged from 1 to 280 M−1 month−l and had an activation energy of 95 (+/−4) kJ/mole. Light exposure, storage temperature and oxygen content were found to have a considerable impact on the oxidation rates. No significant difference in reaction rates was found for the oxidation of hIGF-I in aqueous solution or in the solid state. A method for decreasing the oxygen content in aqueous solution without purging is described. Conclusions. Polarographic quantification of dissolved oxygen makes it possible to establish the kinetics for oxidation of proteins. The oxidation of methionine in hIGF-I appears to follow second-order kinetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016032808039
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solvent Effects on the Solubility and Physical Stability of Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (1997)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 14 (1997), S. 606-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: hIGF-I ; benzyl alcohol ; preferential interaction ; stability ; preservative
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. The solubility and physical stability of human Insulin-like Growth Factor I (hIGF-I) were studied in aqueous solutions with different excipients. Methods. The solubility of hIGF-I was determined by UV-absorption and quantification of light blocking particles. The physical stability of hIGF-I was studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Results. Human IGF-I precipitated at low temperature in the presence of 140 mM benzyl alcohol and 145 mM sodium chloride. CD data showed that the tertiary structure of hIGF-I during these conditions was perturbed compared to that in 5 mM phosphate buffer. In the presence of benzyl alcohol 290 mM mannitol stabilized hIGF-I. Sodium chloride or mannitol by themselves had no effect on either the solubility or the tertiary structure. Benzyl alcohol was attracted to hIGF-I, whereas sodium chloride was preferentially excluded. The attraction of benzyl alcohol was reinforced by sodium chloride leading to salting-out of hIGF-I. The CD-data indicated interactions of benzyl alcohol with phenylalanine in hIGF-I. Thermal denaturation of hIGF-I occurred in all solutions with sodium chloride, whereas mannitol or benzyl alcohol had no effect on the thermal stability. The thermal stability of hlGF-I was thus decreased in 145 mM sodium chloride although it was excluded from hIGF-I. Conclusions. The self-association and thermal aggregation of hIGF-I is driven by hydrophobic interactions. Benzyl alcohol is attracted to hIGF-I and induces changes in the tertiary structure causing hydrophobic attraction of the protein at low temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012101027814
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel gene containing LIM domains (LIMD1) is located within the common eliminated region 1 (C3CER1) in 3p21.3 (1999)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 105 (1999), S. 552-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Chromosomal deletions on 3p have been described in a large number of human tumors, suggesting the presence of a tumor suppressor gene(s). Using an experimental system, called the elimination test, we previously identified a 1 Mb segment, the common eliminated region 1 (C3CER1). C3CER1 was also covered by a PAC contig. Using the sequence of two overlapping PACs from C3CER1, we localized the human KIAA0028 cDNA, encoding the precursor of mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase. We also characterized a novel human LIM domain-containing gene (LIMD1) and its mouse ortholog (Limd1). LIM domains consist of a cysteine-rich consensus sequence containing two distinct zinc-binding subdomains, which mediate protein-protein interactions. The predicted protein sequences of the human and mouse genes reveal three LIM domains located at the C-terminal end, which indicates that they belong to the group 3 of the gene family encoding LIM motifs. We characterized the genomic structure of the human LIMD1 gene and assigned the mouse Limd1 gene to the chromosome 9F subtelomeric region. Both genes are ubiquitously expressed at the mRNA level. The LIM motif has been previously identified in many developmentally important factors from various eukaryotes. These factors have been shown to play a role in intracellular signaling, transcriptional regulation and cellular differentiation during development. The human C3CER1-located LIMD1 gene should therefore be further studied for its possible role in tumor suppression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900188
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The germinal center kinase gene and a novel CDC25-like gene are located in the vicinity of the PYGM gene on 11q13 (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 100 (1997), S. 611-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is tightly linked to the muscle-type glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM) gene in 11q13. This region of the human genome contains additional disease-related loci implicated in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, familial paraganglioma type 2, spinocerebellar ataxia type 5, Bardet-Biedl syndrome and translocation t(11;17) described in B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We approached cloning of candidate disease genes from 11q13 by large-scale genomic sequencing. We obtained 〉 106 kb of sequence around the PYGM gene and established a transcriptional map that includes: (i) two genes previously localized to 11q13, PYGM and a zinc-finger protein (ZFM1) gene; (ii) the germinal center kinase (GCK, human B-lymphocyte serine/threonine protein kinase) gene; (iii) a novel human CDC25-like (HCDC25L) gene; (iv) a dystrophia myotonica protein kinase-like (DMPKL) gene; and (v) a novel ubiquitously expressed gene of unknown function (germinal center kinase- neighboring gene, GCKNG).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050562
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the human synaptogyrin gene family (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 103 (1998), S. 131-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Genomic sequencing was combined with searches of databases for identification of active genes on human chromosome 22. A cosmid from 22q13, located in the telomeric vicinity of the PDGFB (platelet-derived growth factor B-chain) gene, was fully sequenced. Using an expressed sequence tag-based approach we characterized human (SYNGR1) and mouse (Syngr1) orthologs of the previously cloned rat synaptogyrin gene (RATSYNGR1). The human SYNGR1 gene reveals three (SYNGR1a, SYNGR1b, SYNGR1c) alternative transcript forms of 4.5, 1.3 and 0.9 kb, respectively. The transcription of SYNGR1 starts from two different promoters, and leads to predicted proteins with different N- and C-terminal ends. The most abundant SYNGR1a transcript, the 4.5-kb form, which corresponds to RATSYNGR1, is highly expressed in neurons of the central nervous system and at much lower levels in other tissues, as determined by in situ hybridization histochemistry. The levels of SYNGR1b and SYNGR1c transcripts are low and limited to heart, skeletal muscle, ovary and fetal liver. We also characterized two additional members of this novel synaptogyrin gene family in human (SYNGR2 and SYNGR3), and one in mouse (Syngr2). The human SYNGR2 gene transcript of 1.6 kb is expressed at high levels in all tissues, except brain. The 2.2-kb SYNGR3 transcript was detected in brain and placenta only. The human SYNGR2 and SYNGR3 genes were mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization to 17qtel and 16ptel, respectively. The human SYNGR2 gene has a processed pseudogene localized in 15q11. All predicted synaptogyrin proteins contain four strongly conserved transmembrane domains, which is consistent with the M-shaped topology. The C-terminal polypeptide ends are variable in length, display a low degree of sequence similarity between family members, and are therefore likely to convey the functional specificity of each protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050795
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    π0 and η spectra from $$p\bar p$$ annihilations at rest (1984)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 21 (1984), S. 315-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The low-energy part of theπ 0 spectrum associated with $$p\bar p$$ annihilation at rest was measured in order to search for bound baryonium-like states. The upper limit for reaching such states via the emission of monochromaticπ 0's was found to be 8% per annihilation in the mass region of 1650 MeV. The low-energy part of the η spectrum from $$p\bar p$$ annihilations at rest was also observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581594
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Band crossing in184Pt (1976)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 277 (1976), S. 351-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The levels in the ground band of184Pt are identified up to the member with spin 20 in an in-beam spectroscopy experiment on theγ-rays following the177Hf(12C, 5n)184Pt reaction. In contrast to the situation in the heavier Pt isotopes, where the 10+ to 12+ level spacing is very small, the transition energies in184Pt show a monotonie increase with spin. However, between spin 10+ and 14+ the moment of inertia grows quite rapidly and this appears to be reminiscent of the much more pronounced irregularity encountered in the isotopes of larger mass. This property of the moment of inertia is discussed within a model where twoi 13/2 neutron quasiparticles or twoh 9/2 orh 11/2 proton quasiparticles may be excited and coupled to the rotation of the core.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01545972
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