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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of an oil spill vulnerability index to the shoreline of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska (1978)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 2 (1978), S. 107-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Offshore tracts in Alaska's lower Cook Inlet are scheduled to be opened for exploratory petroleum drilling in the near future. Because of the potential for oil spills resulting from this activity, a field study of the coastal zone was conducted in June 1976. A total of 1216 km of shoreline was classified into 3 types: erosional (45 percent), neutral (38 percent), and depositional (17 percent). These were further subdivided into 16 subclasses on the basis of small scale morphological features. This classification was used in conjunction with a vulnerability index of potential oil spill damage, developed through study of three major oil spills, to predict the longevity of oil in the different coastal environments of the Inlet. On a scale from 1 to 10, 45 percent of the shoreline has low values of 1 to 4, which means that oil would be dispersed by natural processes within less than six months after a spill on these coasts. Values from 4 to 6 were assigned to 13.4 percent of the shoreline, where oil residence time may be up to one year. A 6 to 10 rating was assigned to 41.5 percent of the shoreline, where oil contamination may remain for periods of two to ten years, or possibly longer should no major clean-up procedures be initiated. We propose that the use of this type of vulnerability indexing, in conjunction with a biological susceptibility index and oil spill trajectory models, would provide a rational basis for decision making concerning the location of on- and off-shore oil facilities and the design of oil spill contingency plans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380473
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thin-skinned thrust mineralization in the Brasília fold belt: the example of the old Luziânia gold deposit (1992)
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 27 (1992), S. 293-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Luziânia gold deposits in southern Goiás lie within the Late Proterozoic Brasília fold belt. The rocks that host the gold mineralization are a monotonous series of hydrothermally altered phyllites that have been subject to low grade regional metamorphism. The major controls on the gold mineralization are northeast trending and gently northwest dipping ductile-brittle, dextral-reverse shear zones associated with regional thin-skinned thrusting of the Canastra Group. From a preliminary fluid inclusion study it is deduced that low salinity, ⩽ 7 eq. wt% NaCl, moderately dense, H2O-CO2 ± CH4 ore fluids deposited gold at temperatures of 300 ± 75°C and pressures of 1.5 to 3 kb in the filling stage of the vein formation. Post-filling stage gold deposition probably occured by mixing of fluids at higher crustal levels (1.5–2 kb). During thrusting, prograde metamorphism released pore water which penetrated along thrust planes that acted as high permeability zones for the ponding and release, by hydraulic fracturing, of overpressured fluids. Later in the tectonic evolution and at shallower crustal levels, there was likely an incursion of near suface water into the fault zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193400
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ca2+-activated K+ channels are involved in regulatory volume decrease in acinar cells isolated from the rat lacrimal gland (1994)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 141 (1994), S. 193-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Ca2+-activated K+ channels ; Cell volume ; Regulatory volume decrease ; Tetraethylammonium ; Lacrimal acinar cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The volumes of acinar cells isolated from rat lacrimal gland were measured on computer by video-imaging. Cells were found to swell on exposure to hypotonic solutions; they subsequently exhibited a regulatory volume decrease (RVD). RVD was inhibited in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, and by the K+ channel blocker tetraethylammonium chloride (2 mm TEA+). The possible involvement of K+ channels in RVD was further investigated in cell-attached patches. Exposing the cells to a hypotonic solution activated channels with a conductance of 141±6 pS (n=11). These channels were partially blocked by 0.5 mm TEA+, and channel activation was not observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. Experiments in the inside-out patch configuration demonstrated that the channels activated by hypotonie stress were “maxi” Ca2+-activated K+ channels. It is concluded that the opening of these channels plays an important role in RVD, by facilitating K+ loss from the cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238253
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of reticulum cell sarcomas in SJL/J mice (1983)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 18 (1983), S. 399-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract While T cells from SJL and from F1 hybrids of SJL that do not express I-E antigens give strong proliferative responses to RCS, T cells from F1 hybrids expressing surface I-E do not. The nature of the stimulating antigen on the RCS cell surface was examined using monoclonal antibodies. Complete inhibition of the T-cell proliferative response was obtained with antibodies to I-A antigens, whereas antibodies to I-E antigens did not inhibit at all. This inhibition was mediated via an effect of the antibodies on the stimulating cells. Biochemical characterization of immunoprecipitated 125I- and 's S-labeled RCS antigens was performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Using this technique, I-A antigens were readily detected. However, neither Ia.7-specific antibodies nor antibodies specific for Eα : E β complexes precipitated any E alpha or E beta chains. Comparison of I-A antigens from RCS and normal SJL spleen cells revealed minor mobility differences in the gels, possibly due to differences in glycosylation, the significance of which needs to be further evaluated. Examination of RNA extracted from RCS, using E alpha and A alpha cDNA probes showed that RCS cells do not transcribe the E alpha gene as has been shown previously for normal H-2 s cells. Furthermore, DNA from RCS cells showed a defect in the E alpha gene similar to that known to exist in normal H-2 s cells. Our findings exclude the presence of E alpha on RCS cells and suggest a major role for I-A, either alone or in conjunction with another as yet unidentified cell surface antigen, in the stimulation of T cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372472
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of aBoLA class I cDNA clone (1989)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 29 (1989), S. 58-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02341615
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competitive interaction among strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli in the nodulation of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 7-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli ; Kidney bean ; Competitive ability ; Pairwise combination ; Compatibility ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Nodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We examined the competitiveness of five effective Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli strains in the nodulation of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), either alone or in pairwise combination, against the indigenous strains. The results showed that the introduced Rhizobium sp. strains (B2, B17, B36, T2, or CIAT 652) occupying 64–79% of the total nodules (as single inocula) were more competitive in nodulation than the native rhizobia. However, the competitiveness of the individual Rhizobium sp. strain either increased or decreased when used in a pairwise combination of double-strain inocula. For example, strain B17, although quite competitive against the indigenous population (68% nodule occupancy), became poorly competitive in the presence of strain B2 (reduced from 68 to 2.5%). A similar reduction in nodule occupancy by strain B17 was observed in the presence of B36 or CIAT 652, indicating that two competitive strains may not always be compatible. These results suggest that it is important to co-select competitive as well as compatible rhizobia for multistrain inoculant formulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335986
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of dose dependent kinetics of theophylline (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 525-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: theophylline ; airway obstruction ; biotransformation ; kinetics ; oral dosage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Oral theophylline was given to 6 adults with airways obstruction. The initial dose was 125 mg daily and this was increased by 125 mg each week. The final total daily dose reached was determined by side effects and ranged from 500 mg to 1125 mg. At the end of each week and before the next dosage increment steady state, trough plasma theophylline concentrations were measured. For each individual and for the group as a whole there was a highly significant linear correlation between theophylline dose and trough plasma concentration. This indicates that for oral theophylline, in adults, dose-dependent kinetics do not play a significant role and dose may be adjusted without fear of a disproportionate rise in plasma concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609897
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of electron wave functions in uranium tetrachloride by neutron scattering (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 5988-5997 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Neutron experiments have been performed to measure the induced spin density distribution in single crystals of uranium tetrachloride at low temperature. A structural refinement has also established the atomic positions and thermal parameters at low temperature and these are in agreement with earlier studies. The spin-density distribution, determined with polarized neutrons, shows small but significant deviations from that expected from the single-ion crystal-field model. Fourier difference maps show a small depletion of the (5f) density near the U site and a small positive increase ∼1 A(ring) from the U site and principally along the shorter U–Cl bonds. We ascribe this to population of a 6d (x2−y2) orbital. No significant spin density is associated with the Cl site. Model calculations are presented which qualitatively account for the observed effect and involve electron transfer from the 5f to the 6d antibonding orbital formed as a result of a covalent interaction between the U 6d and Cl p states. This is the first direct observation of covalency in systems involving 5f 6d electrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449632
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disappearance of three-dimensional magnetic ordering in Gd2CuO4 : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6816-6818 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic ordering of an isotope (158Gd) enriched Gd2CuO4 single crystal has been investigated by neutron diffraction in the temperature range 1.5–50 K. The three-dimensional magnetic order of the Cu sublattice is found to disappear abruptly in a narrow temperature range close to 7 K which is just above the ordering temperature of the Gd sublattice [TN(Gd)=6.4 K]. This result is thought to be intimately related to the structural distortion of the CuO planes which gives rise to weak ferromagnetism. The lack of three-dimensional order in the structural distortion imposes itself on the antiferromagnetic arrangement of the Cu sublattice through the Cu-Gd and Gd-Gd interactions and the different and incompatible wave vectors of the Cu and Gd magnetic sublattices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356817
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of anisotropy constant in US with polarized neutrons (invited) : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4803-4806 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Uranium compounds can have an anisotropy that is considerably greater than that found in rare-earth compounds. Early estimates of K1 in ferromagnetic US (Tc = 178 K), for example, were that K1 (approximately-greater-than) 108 erg/cm3. We have re-examined this cubic material and determined K1 in the range of reduced moment (μ/μ0) from 0.1 〈 (μ/μ0) 〈 0.7 and find that it varies logarithmically over almost three orders of magnitude. The highest measured K1 is 2 × 108 erg/cm3 at (μ/μ0) = 0.7, but an extrapolation, which we anticipate on arguments of symmetry, to (μ/μ0)=1, (T=0 K) gives K1 ∼ 1010 erg/cm3, some 20 times more than found in TbFe2 at 0 K. The method we have used is with polarized neutrons. Because the neutron interaction with the magnetic moment is vectorial in nature we can determine individually the magnitude and direction of the moment in an applied field. In many cases this method has advantages over conventional methods, especially when the anisotropy is large.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348236
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