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  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International  (3)
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  • 1
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    Binder-Free Nickel Oxide Lamellar Layer Anchored CoOx Nanoparticles on Nickel Foam for Supercapacitor Electrodes (2020)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2020-01-22
    Description: To enhance the connection of electroactive materials/current collector and accelerate the transport efficiency of the electrons, a binder-free electrode composed of nickel oxide anchored CoOx nanoparticles on modified commercial nickel foam (NF) was developed. The nickel oxide layer with lamellar structure which supplied skeleton to load CoOx electroactive materials directly grew on the NF surface, leading to a tight connection between the current collector and electroactive materials. The fabricated electrode exhibits a specific capacitance of 475 F/g at 1 mA/cm2. A high capacitance retention of 96% after 3000 cycles is achieved, attributed to the binding improvement at the current collector/electroactive materials interface. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor with an operating voltage window of 1.4 V was assembled using oxidized NF anchored with cobalt oxide as the cathode and activated stainless steel wire mesh as the anode. The device achieves a maximum energy density of 2.43 Wh/kg and power density of 0.18 kW/kg, respectively. The modified NF substrate conducted by a facile and effective electrolysis process, which also could be applied to deposit other electroactive materials for the energy storage devices.
    Electronic ISSN: 2079-4991
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 2
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    Hexagonal and Square Patterned Silver Nanowires/PEDOT:PSS Composite Grids by Screen Printing for Uniformly Transparent Heaters (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2019-03-12
    Description: Transparent conductive films with hexagonal and square patterns were fabricated on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates by screen printing technology utilizing a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and silver nanowire (Ag NWs) composite ink. The printing parameters—mesh number, printing layer, mass ratio of PEDOT:PSS to Ag NWs and pattern shape—have a significant influence on the photoelectric properties of the composite films. The screen mesh with a mesh number of 200 possesses a suitable mesh size of 74 µm for printing clear and integrated grids with high transparency. With an increase in the printing layer and a decrease in the mass ratio of PEDOT:PSS to Ag NWs, the transmittance and resistance of the printed grids both decreased. When the printing layer is 1, the transmittance and resistance are 85.6% and 2.23 kΩ for the hexagonal grid and 77.3% and 8.78 kΩ for the square grid, indicating that the more compact arrangement of square grids reduces the transmittance, and the greater number of connections of the square grid increases the resistance. Therefore, it is believed that improved photoelectric properties of transparent electrodes could be obtained by designing a printing pattern with optimized printing parameters. Additionally, the Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composite films with hexagonal and square patterns exhibit high transparency and good uniformity, suggesting promising applications in large-area and uniform heaters.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4360
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 3
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    Investigation on the Performance Improvement of Polyacrylonitrile-Derived Flexible Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber Mats (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    Publication Date: 2019-09-05
    Description: Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-derived carbon nanofiber mats were fabricated using electrospinning and further carbonization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical characterization were used to investigate the effects of precursor concentration, thermal stabilization and carbonization temperature, addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), activation of nitric acid and sulfuric acid on the morphologies, conductivity, flexibility and electrochemical properties of the fabricated carbon nanofiber mats. The results reveal that the carbon nanofiber mats with uniform fiber diameter of 200 nm and sheet resistance of 154 Ω/sq could be achieved with a PAN mass fraction of 12 wt% and a thermal stabilization and carbonization temperature of 270 °C and 900 °C, respectively. Due to the good conductivity and high strength of the MWCNTs, the sheet resistance of the carbon nanofiber mats decreases to around 60 Ω/sq by adding MWCNTs to precursor, and the mats exhibit excellent bend and fold flexibility. The electrochemical performance of the co-spun carbon nanofiber mats could be further improved by the activation treatment of acids, and the maximum specific capacitance of the carbon mat reaches 113.5 F/g at a current density of 0.1 mA/cm2 in the case of 1:3 HNO3:H2SO4. The investigation provides a reference for improving the performance of spun carbon nanofiber mats, which can be used as the electrodes or current collectors to further load other active materials in the applications of energy storage devices.
    Electronic ISSN: 2076-3417
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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