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  • 1
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    Internet and Mobile Phone Addiction. Health and Educational Effects (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Internet use-related addiction problems (e.g., Internet addiction, problem mobile phone use, problem gaming, and social networking) have been defined according to the same core element: the addictive symptomatology presented by individuals who excessively and problematically behave using the technology. Online activity is the most important factor in their lives, causing them the loss of control by stress and difficulties in managing at least one aspect of their daily life, affecting users’ wellbeing and health. In 2018, Gaming Disorder was included as a mental disease in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases by the World Health Organization. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association requested additional research on Internet Gaming Disorder. The papers contained in this e-Book provide unique and original perspectives on the concept, development, and early detection of the prevention of these health problems. They are diverse in the nature of the problems they deal with, methodologies, populations, cultures, and contain insights and a clear indication of the impact of individual, social, and environmental factors on Internet use-related addiction problems. The e-Book illustrates recent progress in the evolution of research, with great emphasis on gaming and smartphone problems, signaling areas in which research would be useful, even cross-culturally.
    Keywords: BF1-990 ; phubbing ; CERM ; smartphone ; technological addictions ; CERI ; mobile phone use ; gambling ; teenagers ; behavioural addictions ; video-game addiction ; review ; suppression ; gaming disorder ; generalised versus specific problem Internet uses ; young children ; Internet Use Disorder ; measurement invariance ; immersion ; latent profile analysis ; adolescents ; emotional regulation ; deep approach to learning ; Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) ; comorbid psychopathology ; adolescence ; smartphone use ; gender ; self-control ; internet gaming disorder ; personality traits ; expectancies ; prevalence ; screen addiction ; surface approach to learning ; Internet-use disorder ; expectations ; early childhood education ; stress ; smartphone addiction ; convergent design ; mobile phone addiction ; Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) ; mobile phone (or smartphone) use ; comorbidity ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) ; focus group ; emergent bilinguals ; psychometric testing ; approaches to learning ; problematic Internet use ; social networking ; commuting ; mixed methods research ; interpersonal relationships ; Internet gaming disorder ; self-efficacy ; Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) ; Internet literacy ; parenting ; Dickman Impulsivity Inventory-Short Version (DII) ; well-being ; problematic smartphone use ; coping strategies ; addiction ; anxiety ; cognitive distortion ; fear of missing out (FOMO) ; impulsivity ; survey ; propensity score ; game device usage pattern ; hostility ; young people ; cognitive reappraisal ; Internet addiction ; university students ; epidemiology ; problematic social media use (PSMU) ; personality ; behavioral addictions ; China ; cultural differences ; problematic mobile phone use ; mobile phone dependence ; interpersonal relations ; social media ; online social network ; Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire ; Internet Gaming Disorder ; IGD ; intergenerational language transmission ; internet addiction ; Problematic Mobile Phone Use ; pathological video-game use ; serial mediation ; depression ; time ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Surfaces and Interfaces for Renewable Energy (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Environmental problems derived from the massive use of conventional energy resources are one of the main issues that our society has been facing in recent decades. Renewable energies (and particularly solar energy) have become a highly competitive means to meet the world’s increasing energy demands in a sustainable and clean manner. One of the key research challenges for the commercial deployment of several solar energy technologies is focused on the development of feasible and durable coatings that withstand appropriate optical and thermal performance over the lifetime of the solar facilities. This book addresses a number of relevant aspects related to coatings for renewable energies, including a deep survey of coatings used in photovoltaic solar energy, the development of a superhydrophobic and thermal stable silica coating that is potentially suitable for various industrial applications related to renewable technologies, the development of coatings to improve the resistance of structural materials used in concentrating solar thermal technologies with molten salts, and several research works related to solar reflectors for concentrating solar thermal technologies (such us the advanced analysis of the corrosion, the suitability of anti-soiling coatings, and the development of top protective coatings for high-temperature secondary concentrators).
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; concentrated solar power ; corrosion product ; X-ray diffraction ; third element effect ; corroded solar reflector ; light trapping ; concentrating solar thermal energy ; soiling rate ; optical design ; silica coating ; Raman spectroscopy ; pack cementation ; solar reflector ; solar hemispherical reflectance ; outdoor test ; cleaning method ; thin film ; monochromatic specular reflectance ; secondary reflector ; sputtering ; temperature stability ; anti-soiling coating ; molten nitrate corrosion ; improved measurement method ; solar energy ; thin film a-Si: H ; superhydrophobic surface ; HiPIMS ; reflectance corrosion ; sol-gel ; polycrystalline ; organic solar cell ; concentrated solar thermal power ; GIXRD ; scopus ; material solar cell ; protected silver ; grade 91 steel ; Cr-diffusion coating ; corrosion rate ; coatings ; reflector ; water saving ; Al-diffusion coating ; reflectance measurement ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Benefits of Resveratrol Supplementation (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In recent years, great attention has been paid to polyphenols due to their positive effects on health. One of the most widely-studied phenolic compounds is resveratrol. This molecule, which is naturally present in some foods, shows beneficial effects on various physiological and biochemical processes, thus representing a potential tool for the prevention or the treatment of diseases highly prevalent in our society. Several of these beneficial effects have been observed in human beings, but others only in pre-clinical studies so far, and therefore, it is mandatory to continue with the scientific research in this field. Indeed, new knowledge concerning these issues could enable the development of novel functional foods or nutraceuticals, incorporating resveratrol, suitable for preventing or treating diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, dislipemia, insulin resistance and diabetes, liver diseases, etc.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; polyphenols ; ?-viniferin ; leptin resistance ; p53 ; kidney ; energy restriction ; grape powder extract ; cytokines ; phosphorylation ; obesity ; energy metabolism ; metabolic pathways ; endothelial function ; polyol pathway ; antioxidant ; caloric restriction ; rat ; adipose tissue ; microparticles ; pathways ; angiotensin converting enzyme 2 ; resistance ; esRAGE ; interleukins ; metabolic syndrome ; dissolution rate ; thermogenesis ; streptozotocin ; bioavailability ; solubility ; metabolism ; renin-angiotensin system ; microbiota ; Sirt-1 ; magnesium dihydroxide ; hypertrophy ; metabolic diseases ; physiological adaption ; red wine extract ; lens ; distribution ; MTA1 ; sirtuin ; inflammation ; cardiac function ; rats ; cisplatin ; resveratrol ; mitochondria ; breast cancer ; ischemia-reperfusion ; cardiovascular ; metabolites ; gut microbiota ; prostate cancer ; performance ; type 2 diabetes ; cafeteria diet ; high-fat high-sucrose diet ; resistance exercise ; aging ; diabetes ; oxidative stress ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Socio-Cognitive and Affective Computing (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Social cognition focuses on how people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations. It focuses on the role that cognitive processes play in social interactions. On the other hand, the term cognitive computing is generally used to refer to new hardware and/or software that mimics the functioning of the human brain and helps to improve human decision-making. In this sense, it is a type of computing with the goal of discovering more accurate models of how the human brain/mind senses, reasons, and responds to stimuli. Socio-Cognitive Computing should be understood as a set of theoretical interdisciplinary frameworks, methodologies, methods and hardware/software tools to model how the human brain mediates social interactions. In addition, Affective Computing is the study and development of systems and devices that can recognize, interpret, process, and simulate human affects, a fundamental aspect of socio-cognitive neuroscience. It is an interdisciplinary field spanning computer science, electrical engineering, psychology, and cognitive science. Physiological Computing is a category of technology in which electrophysiological data recorded directly from human activity are used to interface with a computing device. This technology becomes even more relevant when computing can be integrated pervasively in everyday life environments. Thus, Socio-Cognitive and Affective Computing systems should be able to adapt their behavior according to the Physiological Computing paradigm. This book integrates proposals from researchers who use signals from the brain and/or body to infer people's intentions and psychological state in smart computing systems. The design of this kind of systems combines knowledge and methods of ubiquitous and pervasive computing, as well as physiological data measurement and processing, with those of socio-cognitive and affective computing.
    Keywords: QA75.5-76.95 ; BF1-990 ; Social Interaction ; Socio-Cognitive Computing ; Physiological Computing ; Affective Computing ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    New Trends in Fuzzy Set Theory and Related Items (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Since the launch, in 1965, of the key notion of a fuzzy subset by Lotfi A. Zadeh, this concept has succeeded in growing interest and development. Nowadays, it is undoubtedly one of the most powerful and appealing branches of mathematics. Its range of applications is wide and multidisciplinary, starting from computer sciences and artificial intelligence, but also touching on a vast set of scientific disciplines (physics, engineering, medicine, economics, social choice, etc.). The present Special Issue is devoted to introducing new trends on this theory, from an interdisciplinary point of view, and looking for a wide coverage of topics related to fuzzy set and systems.
    Keywords: QA1-939 ; QC1-999 ; Copulas ; Image processing ; Decision making ; Fuzzy relations ; Labels ; Type-2 fuzzy sets ; Fuzzy logic ; Aggregation operators ; Social choice ; Fuzzy sets ; Extensions of fuzzy sets ; Functional equations ; Numerical representability ; Ordered structures ; General topology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Polymeric Materials: Surfaces, Interfaces and Bioapplications (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This book collects the articles published in the Special Issue “Polymeric Materials: Surfaces, Interfaces and Bioapplications”. It shows the advances in polymeric materials, which have tremendous applications in agricultural films, food packaging, dental restoration, antimicrobial systems, and tissue engineering. These polymeric materials are presented as films, coatings, particles, fibers, hydrogels, or networks. The potential to modify and modulate their surfaces or their content by different techniques, such as click chemistry, ozonation, breath figures, wrinkle formation, or electrospray, are also explained, taking into account the relationship between the structure and properties in the final application. Moreover, new trends in the development of such materials are presented, using more environmental friendly and safe methods, which, at the same time, have a high impact on our society.
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; QC1-999 ; Artificial muscle ; chitosan ; graphene oxide ; antifouling coatings ; tissue engineering ; biodegradable ; polymer cross-linking ; UV/ozone ; inmiscibility ; bioapplications ; antibacterial ; polypropylene ; degradation ; protein-repellent polymer ; micro- and nanopatterned films ; oral biofilms ; bio-based ; composite films ; stimuli-responsive materials/smart surfaces ; surface modification/functionalization ; caries inhibition ; superhydrophobic ; blends ; nanosecond laser surface modification ; biofouling ; degenerative disc disease ; surface-attached polymer network ; total disc replacement ; surface wettability ; bonding agents ; polydimethylsiloxane ; natural biofilms ; Electrical stimulation ; microparticles ; hemicelluloses ; superhydrophilic ; fossil ; surface segregation ; honeycomb ; prolonged drug release ; hydrogel ; conformational entropy ; Electroactive biomaterials ; antimicrobial ; ABS (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene) ; intervertebral disc ; calcium chloride ; sustainable ; biodegradable polymers ; friction and wear ; Drug delivery ; alginate modification ; breath figures ; spinal fusion ; blends and (nano)composites ; composites ; antimicrobial polymer ; periodontal pathogens ; polymeric composites ; scaffolds ; corn stalk fiber ; worn surface morphology ; irradiance ; friction composite ; antimicrobial coatings ; gradient wrinkles ; porous surfaces ; Electrically conductive polymers ; oxygen barrier property ; food packaging ; spinal anatomy ; Smart composites ; recycling ; packaging ; hybrids ; bio-based polymers ; coatings ; poly(x-chlorostyrene) ; eco-friendly ; multidimensional scale analysis ; single-stranded conformation polymorphism ; Bioelectric effect ; spray drying ; herniated disc ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
    Language: English
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  • 7
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     Egg Consumption and Human Health (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue, “Egg Consumption and Human Health,” is two-fold: 1) to address the lack of effect of eggs in increasing heart disease risk (this discussion will be based on what is known from epidemiological analysis and clinical interventions) and 2) to focus on the role of eggs in protecting against chronic disease. Eggs are more than just a cholesterol-containing food. They possess numerous nutritional benefits. This Special Issue will discuss eggs as a source of high-quality protein for individuals across the life spectrum, as a substantial source of choline (a known neurotransmitter involved in cognitive function), and as a source of highly bioavailable lutein and zeaxanthin (two carotenoids well-recognized for their major role in protecting against age-related macular degeneration and cataracts, as well as for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties). Finally, the potential of incorporating eggs for weight loss interventions, due to their low glycemic index and their satiety effects, will also be discussed.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; high quality protein ; antioxidant ; Dietary cholesterol ; anti-inflammatory ; Eggs ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Earth Observation for Water Resource Management in Africa (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Reliable access to water, managing the spatial and temporal variability of water availability, ensuring the quality of freshwater and responding to climatological changes in the hydrological cycle are prerequisites for the development of countries in Africa. Water being an essential input for biomass growth and for renewable energy production (e.g. biofuels and hydropower schemes) plays an integral part in ensuring food and energy security for any nation. Water, as a source of safe drinking water, is furthermore the basis for ensuring the health of citizens and plays an important role in urban sanitation. The concept of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) is seen as an opportunity to help manage water variability and the wide spread water scarcity in Africa. One key component missing from IWRM in Africa is the limited knowledge of the available extent and quality of water resources at basin level. Earth Observation (EO) technology can help fill this information gap by assessing and monitoring water resources at adequate temporal and spatial scales. The goal of this Special Issue is to understand and demonstrate the contribution which satellite observations, consistent over space and time, can bring to improve water resource management in Africa. Possible EO products and applications range from catchment characterization, water quality monitoring, soil moisture assessment, water extent and level monitoring, irrigation services, urban and agricultural water demand modeling, evapotranspiration estimation, ground water management, to hydrological modeling and flood mapping/forecasting. Some of these EO applications have already been developed by African scientists within the 10 year lifetime of the TIGER initiative: Looking after Water in Africa (http://www.tiger.esa.int), whose contributions are intended to be the starting point of this Special Issue and is only one example of the wide range of activities in the field. Contributions from the entire African and international scientific community dealing with the challenges of water resource management in Africa are the target of the special issue.
    Keywords: precipitation ; water resource ; hydrological modeling ; surface water hydrology ; soil moisture ; water quality ; management ; drought ; flood mapping ; evapotranspiration
    Language: English
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