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  • 1
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    A novel standardized algorithm using SPECT/CT evaluating unhappy patients after unicondylar knee arthroplasty– a combined analysis of tracer uptake distribution and component position (2015)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-21
    Description: Background: The introduction of a standardized SPECT/CT algorithm including a localization scheme, which allows accurate identification of specific patterns and thresholds of SPECT/CT tracer uptake, could lead to a better understanding of the bone remodeling and specific failure modes of unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA). The purpose of the present study was to introduce a novel standardized SPECT/CT algorithm for patients after UKA and evaluate its clinical applicability, usefulness and inter- and intra-observer reliability. Methods: Tc-HDP-SPECT/CT images of consecutive patients (median age 65, range 48–84 years) with 21 knees after UKA were prospectively evaluated. The tracer activity on SPECT/CT was localized using a specific standardized UKA localization scheme. For tracer uptake analysis (intensity and anatomical distribution pattern) a 3D volumetric quantification method was used. The maximum intensity values were recorded for each anatomical area. In addition, ratios between the respective value in the measured area and the background tracer activity were calculated. The femoral and tibial component position (varus-valgus, flexion-extension, internal and external rotation) was determined in 3D-CT. The inter- and intraobserver reliability of the localization scheme, grading of the tracer activity and component measurements were determined by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: The localization scheme, grading of the tracer activity and component measurements showed high inter- and intra-observer reliabilities for all regions (tibia, femur and patella). For measurement of component position there was strong agreement between the readings of the two observers; the ICC for the orientation of the femoral component was 0.73-1.00 (intra-observer reliability) and 0.91-1.00 (inter-observer reliability). The ICC for the orientation of the tibial component was 0.75-1.00 (intra-observer reliability) and 0.77-1.00 (inter-observer reliability). Conclusions: The SPECT/CT algorithm presented combining the mechanical information on UKA component position, alignment and metabolic data is highly reliable and proved to be a valuable, consistent and useful tool for analysing postoperative knees after UKA. Using this standardized approach in clinical studies might be helpful in establishing the diagnosis in patients with pain after UKA.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2342
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 2
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    Direct experiments on the ocean disposal of fossil fuel CO2 (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1999-05-13
    Description: Field experiments were conducted to test ideas for fossil fuel carbon dioxide ocean disposal as a solid hydrate at depths ranging from 349 to 3627 meters and from 8 degrees to 1.6 degrees C. Hydrate formed instantly from the gas phase at 349 meters but then decomposed rapidly in ambient seawater. At 3627 meters, the seawater-carbon dioxide interface rose rapidly because of massive hydrate formation, forcing spillover of the liquid carbon dioxide from the container. A strong barrier between the liquid carbon dioxide and interaction with the sediments was observed. A pool of liquid carbon dioxide on the sea floor would expand in volume more than four times, forming hydrate, which will dissolve.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brewer -- Friederich -- Peltzer -- Orr Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 7;284(5416):943-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Post Office Box 628, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA. School of Earth Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10320370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Biological and chemical response of the equatorial pacific ocean to the 1997-98 El Nino (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1999-12-11
    Description: During the 1997-98 El Nino, the equatorial Pacific Ocean retained 0. 7 x 10(15) grams of carbon that normally would have been lost to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. The surface ocean became impoverished in plant nutrients, and chlorophyll concentrations were the lowest on record. A dramatic recovery occurred in mid-1998, the system became highly productive, analogous to coastal environments, and carbon dioxide flux out of the ocean was again high. The spatial extent of the phytoplankton bloom that followed recovery from El Nino was the largest ever observed for the equatorial Pacific. These chemical and ecological perturbations were linked to changes in the upwelling of nutrient-enriched waters. The description and explanation of these dynamic changes would not have been possible without an observing system that combines biological, chemical, and physical sensors on moorings with remote sensing of chlorophyll.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chavez -- Strutton -- Friederich -- Feely -- Feldman -- Foley -- McPhaden -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Dec 10;286(5447):2126-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA. E-mail: chfr@mbari.org. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10591638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Ancient DNA reveals key stages in the formation of central European mitochondrial genetic diversity (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2013-10-12
    Description: The processes that shaped modern European mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation remain unclear. The initial peopling by Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers ~42,000 years ago and the immigration of Neolithic farmers into Europe ~8000 years ago appear to have played important roles but do not explain present-day mtDNA diversity. We generated mtDNA profiles of 364 individuals from prehistoric cultures in Central Europe to perform a chronological study, spanning the Early Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age (5500 to 1550 calibrated years before the common era). We used this transect through time to identify four marked shifts in genetic composition during the Neolithic period, revealing a key role for Late Neolithic cultures in shaping modern Central European genetic diversity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039305/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039305/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brandt, Guido -- Haak, Wolfgang -- Adler, Christina J -- Roth, Christina -- Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna -- Karimnia, Sarah -- Moller-Rieker, Sabine -- Meller, Harald -- Ganslmeier, Robert -- Friederich, Susanne -- Dresely, Veit -- Nicklisch, Nicole -- Pickrell, Joseph K -- Sirocko, Frank -- Reich, David -- Cooper, Alan -- Alt, Kurt W -- Genographic Consortium -- R01 GM100233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Oct 11;342(6155):257-61. doi: 10.1126/science.1241844.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. brandtg@uni-mainz.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24115443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/history ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics/history ; Europe ; *Genetic Drift ; *Genetic Variation ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Population/*genetics ; Transients and Migrants
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Southern Ocean iron enrichment experiment: carbon cycling in high- and low-Si waters (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2004-04-17
    Description: The availability of iron is known to exert a controlling influence on biological productivity in surface waters over large areas of the ocean and may have been an important factor in the variation of the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide over glacial cycles. The effect of iron in the Southern Ocean is particularly important because of its large area and abundant nitrate, yet iron-enhanced growth of phytoplankton may be differentially expressed between waters with high silicic acid in the south and low silicic acid in the north, where diatom growth may be limited by both silicic acid and iron. Two mesoscale experiments, designed to investigate the effects of iron enrichment in regions with high and low concentrations of silicic acid, were performed in the Southern Ocean. These experiments demonstrate iron's pivotal role in controlling carbon uptake and regulating atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coale, Kenneth H -- Johnson, Kenneth S -- Chavez, Francisco P -- Buesseler, Ken O -- Barber, Richard T -- Brzezinski, Mark A -- Cochlan, William P -- Millero, Frank J -- Falkowski, Paul G -- Bauer, James E -- Wanninkhof, Rik H -- Kudela, Raphael M -- Altabet, Mark A -- Hales, Burke E -- Takahashi, Taro -- Landry, Michael R -- Bidigare, Robert R -- Wang, Xiujun -- Chase, Zanna -- Strutton, Pete G -- Friederich, Gernot E -- Gorbunov, Maxim Y -- Lance, Veronica P -- Hilting, Anna K -- Hiscock, Michael R -- Demarest, Mark -- Hiscock, William T -- Sullivan, Kevin F -- Tanner, Sara J -- Gordon, R Mike -- Hunter, Craig N -- Elrod, Virginia A -- Fitzwater, Steve E -- Jones, Janice L -- Tozzi, Sasha -- Koblizek, Michal -- Roberts, Alice E -- Herndon, Julian -- Brewster, Jodi -- Ladizinsky, Nicolas -- Smith, Geoffrey -- Cooper, David -- Timothy, David -- Brown, Susan L -- Selph, Karen E -- Sheridan, Cecelia C -- Twining, Benjamin S -- Johnson, Zackary I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Apr 16;304(5669):408-14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039-9647, USA. coale@mlml.calstate.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15087542" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Biomass ; Carbon/analysis/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/metabolism ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; Diatoms/growth & development/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; *Iron/analysis/metabolism ; Nitrates/analysis/metabolism ; Nitrogen/analysis/metabolism ; Oceans and Seas ; Photosynthesis ; Phytoplankton/*growth & development/metabolism ; Seawater/chemistry ; *Silicic Acid/analysis/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    High Nitrite Levels off Northern Peru: A Signal of Instability in the Marine Denitrification Rate (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-09-12
    Description: During February and March 1985, nitrite levels along the northern (approximately 7 degrees to 10 degrees S) Peruvian coast were unusually high. These accumulations occurred in oxygen-deficient waters, suggesting intensified denitrification. In a shallow offshore nitrite maximum, concentrations were as high as 23 micromoles per liter (a record high). Causes for the unusual conditions may include a cold anomaly that followed the 1982-83 El Nino. The removal of combined nitrogen (approximately 3 to 10 trillion grams of nitrogen per year) within zones of new or enhanced denitrification observed between 7 degrees to 16 degrees S suggests a significant increase in oceanic denitrification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Codispoti, L A -- Friederich, G E -- Packard, T T -- Glover, H E -- Kelly, P J -- Spinrad, R W -- Barber, R T -- Elkins, J W -- Ward, B B -- Lipschultz, F -- Lostaunau, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Sep 12;233(4769):1200-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17756872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Decline of genetic diversity in ancient domestic stallions in Europe (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-19
    Description: Present-day domestic horses are immensely diverse in their maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA, yet they show very little variation on their paternally inherited Y chromosome. Although it has recently been shown that Y chromosomal diversity in domestic horses was higher at least until the Iron Age, when and why this diversity disappeared remain controversial questions. We genotyped 16 recently discovered Y chromosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 96 ancient Eurasian stallions spanning the early domestication stages (Copper and Bronze Age) to the Middle Ages. Using this Y chromosomal time series, which covers nearly the entire history of horse domestication, we reveal how Y chromosomal diversity changed over time. Our results also show that the lack of multiple stallion lineages in the extant domestic population is caused by neither a founder effect nor random demographic effects but instead is the result of artificial selection—initially during the Iron Age by nomadic people from the Eurasian steppes and later during the Roman period. Moreover, the modern domestic haplotype probably derived from another, already advantageous, haplotype, most likely after the beginning of the domestication. In line with recent findings indicating that the Przewalski and domestic horse lineages remained connected by gene flow after they diverged about 45,000 years ago, we present evidence for Y chromosomal introgression of Przewalski horses into the gene pool of European domestic horses at least until medieval times.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Advanced spot quality analysis in two-colour microarray experiments (2008)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2008-01-01
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-0500
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 9
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    Design and evaluation of Actichip, a thematic microarray for the study of the actin cytoskeleton (2007)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2007-08-29
    Description: Background The actin cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in supporting and regulating numerous cellular processes. Mutations or alterations in the expression levels affecting the actin cytoskeleton system or related regulatory mechanisms are often associated with complex diseases such as cancer. Understanding how qualitative or quantitative changes in expression of the set of actin cytoskeleton genes are integrated to control actin dynamics and organisation is currently a challenge and should provide insights in identifying potential targets for drug discovery. Here we report the development of a dedicated microarray, the Actichip, containing 60-mer oligonucleotide probes for 327 genes selected for transcriptome analysis of the human actin cytoskeleton. Results Genomic data and sequence analysis features were retrieved from GenBank and stored in an integrative database called Actinome. From these data, probes were designed using a home-made program (CADO4MI) allowing sequence refinement and improved probe specificity by combining the complementary information recovered from the UniGene and RefSeq databases. Actichip performance was analysed by hybridisation with RNAs extracted from epithelial MCF-7 cells and human skeletal muscle. Using thoroughly standardised procedures, we obtained microarray images with excellent quality resulting in high data reproducibility. Actichip displayed a large dynamic range extending over three logs with a limit of sensitivity between one and ten copies of transcript per cell. The array allowed accurate detection of small changes in gene expression and reliable classification of samples based on the expression profiles of tissue-specific genes. When compared to two other oligonucleotide microarray platforms, Actichip showed similar sensitivity and concordant expression ratios. Moreover, Actichip was able to discriminate the highly similar actin isoforms whereas the two other platforms did not. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that Actichip is a powerful alternative to commercial high density microarrays for cytoskeleton gene profiling in normal or pathological samples. Actichip is available upon request.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2164
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 10
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    A novel standardized algorithm using SPECT/CT evaluating unhappy patients after unicondylar knee arthroplasty– a combined analysis of tracer uptake distribution and component position (2015)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-20
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2342
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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