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  • 1
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union, ISSN: 2169-9275
    Publication Date: 2018-09-20
    Description: Gradually decaying Arctic sea ice changes the boundary conditions at the surface, separating ocean and atmosphere. In recent years, substantial reductions in sea ice during winter have been observed in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean, which forms the gateway for warm water inflow from the midlatitudes. In this study, we used routine output from the Mercator Ocean global operational system (MOGOS) to assess the efficiency of winter thermohaline convection transporting heat from deep layers to the ocean surface along the Atlantic origin water (AW) pathway, between Svalbard and Franz Joseph Land in the Nansen Basin. Positive temperature extremes in the AW layer in midwinter promote favorable prerequisite conditions for deep‐reaching thermohaline convection, with explicit signs captured by the MOGOS. Balance equations with several assumptions for the compact region around the position (81.30°N, 31°E) of the long‐term (2004–2010) mooring demonstrated that winter heat loss at the ocean surface is mainly compensated by convective heat flux from the AW layer. Heat and salt fluxes, associated with horizontal advection, are compatible with convective fluxes, while contribution of ice formation/melt is substantially smaller. Conclusion about the dominant role of vertical convection in shaping thermohaline structure and reducing sea ice in winter is supported by correlation analysis of the MOGOS output and mooring‐based measurements. Unfavorable background conditions (thick and consolidated sea ice in combination with specific directions of ice drift) may significantly alter convection development, as demonstrated for two sequential years with substantially different external forcing.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2009. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 114 (2009): D06204, doi:10.1029/2008JD011257.
    Description: The paper presents the current status of the Maritime Aerosol Network (MAN), which has been developed as a component of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). MAN deploys Microtops handheld Sun photometers and utilizes the calibration procedure and data processing (Version 2) traceable to AERONET. A web site dedicated to the MAN activity is described. A brief historical perspective is given to aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements over the oceans. A short summary of the existing data, collected on board ships of opportunity during the NASA Sensor Intercomparison and Merger for Biological and Interdisciplinary Oceanic Studies (SIMBIOS) Project is presented. Globally averaged oceanic aerosol optical depth (derived from island-based AERONET measurements) at 500 nm is ∼0.11 and Angstrom parameter (computed within spectral range 440–870 nm) is calculated to be ∼0.6. First results from the cruises contributing to the Maritime Aerosol Network are shown. MAN ship-based aerosol optical depth compares well to simultaneous island and near-coastal AERONET site AOD.
    Description: The work of Tymon Zielinski was supported by Polish national grant AERONET59.
    Keywords: Aerosol optical depth ; Maritime aerosol ; Network
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 247-251 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 24 (1996), S. 469-475 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Boron and germanium δ-doped silicon samples were studied using SIMS depth profiling on a Cameca IMS-4F instrument with O2+, N2+ and Cs+ primary beams at various energies and incidence angles. The depth resolution characteristics were compared. We show that, with experimental conditions being the same, the N2+ primary beam provides for better decay lengths, while the leading edges of the profiles turn out to be significantly broadened because of the beam-induced roughness which develops at an early stage of silicon bombardment by N2+ ions. The influence of ripple-like roughness on the SIMS profile shape is considered within the present simple analytical model. The effect of a modified layer on the SIMS profile depth was experimentally investigated. For profiles obtained with an N2+ primary beam, it was shown that swelling of the modified layer produced by the implantation and trapping of primary particles shifts the profile as a whole toward the surface.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 879-889 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics and the molecular weight distribution in the radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of a cobalt complex of hematoporphyrin tetramethyl ether is investigated. The whole complex of experimental data indicates the new kinetic phenomenon - catalyzed chain transfer to monomer. The possible mechanism of the chain transfer and the chain transfer agent regeneration acts is suggested.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 192 (1987), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The middle ears of some species of anurans display a set of features that are derived. Some of these features have obvious adaptive significance, whereas the adaptive significance of other derived features is rather obscure. The sequence of histological differentiation of the elements of the derived anuran middle ear, as well as the pattern of morphological changes in their shape, were analyzed and compared with the morphogenesis of the generalized middle ear. Most of the derived features are paedomorphic characters associated with truncated development. The accelerated rate of the opercular development, together with the delayed initiation of function in the tympanic system, permit heterochronic development phenomena to affect the formation of anuran sound-conducting systems.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 1585-1592 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: NMR ; polymer networks ; distribution of chain lengths ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A novel technique for the analysis of the distribution of chain lengths between crosslink junctions of polymer networks is proposed. The technique is based on the relation between the high-temperature nuclear magnetic resonance free-induction decay and the network structure. The distribution functions are determined for a number of networks. In particular, the evolution of structure of a thermally degrading network is studied. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 12 (1978), S. 585-590 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: We describe the preparation and some of the properties of heparin-bound α-chymotrypsin that were obtained via activation of heparin with water-soluble carbodiimide. Immobilized enzyme has unchanged kinetic characteristics toward low-molecular-weight and macromolecular substrates. The heparin-bound enzymes could have a wide range of medical applications.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 19 (1985), S. 461-466 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 53 (1995), S. 495-499 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A purely group-theoretical approach (for which the symmetric group plays a central role), based upon the use of properties of fractional-parentage coefficients and isoscalar factors, is developed for the derivation of the Coulomb energy averaged over the states, with a definite spin, arising from an atomic configuration nlN. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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